Battery fire-fighting structure and battery system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and discloses a battery fire-fighting structure and a battery system.The battery fire-fighting structure comprises a conveying pipe, a one-way valve and a tail pipe, and the first end of the conveying pipe is suitable for being communicated with a fire extinguishing medium; the inlet end of the one-way valve is communicated with the second end of the conveying pipe; the tail pipe is communicated with the outlet end of the one-way valve, a closed space is formed between the tail pipe and the one-way valve, the closed space is filled with a heat absorption medium, the tail pipe comprises a weak structure, the weak structure is suitable for being heated to crack or melt, and the one-way valve is opened to communicate the conveying pipe with the tail pipe. According to the battery fire-fighting structure disclosed by the utility model, under the high-temperature condition of thermal runaway or fire, the weak structure can be quickly broken or melted, a heat-absorbing medium in the closed space flows into the battery box from the weak structure, so that the pressure in the tail pipe is reduced, the one-way valve is opened immediately, and a large amount of fire-extinguishing medium directly flows out of the tail pipe to irrigate the box body, thereby realizing fire fighting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to battery fire protection structures and battery systems. Background Technology

[0002] Existing power battery packs or energy storage battery packs are widely used. In particular, with the rapid development of energy storage batteries, the energy storage industry has spread to many countries and regions around the world. However, during the application of energy storage systems, thermal runaway may occur inside the battery system, leading to battery fire, which may cause the entire battery module to catch fire or even affect the entire cluster, resulting in serious economic losses.

[0003] To address the serious challenges of thermal runaway and fire in battery packs, existing technologies often incorporate fire extinguishing devices within the battery packs. These devices are designed to activate rapidly and implement appropriate fire suppression measures when signs of thermal runaway or fire occur, thereby controlling the spread of the fire and minimizing damage. However, existing fire extinguishing devices generally suffer from slow response times, making it difficult to control the fire in the first instance. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a battery-powered fire protection structure and battery system to solve the problem of slow response speed of existing fire extinguishing devices.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a battery-powered fire-fighting structure, including a delivery pipe, a one-way valve, and a tail pipe. The first end of the delivery pipe is adapted to connect to a fire-extinguishing medium; the inlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the second end of the delivery pipe; the tail pipe is connected to the outlet end of the one-way valve, and a closed space is formed between the tail pipe and the one-way valve. The closed space is filled with a heat-absorbing medium, and the tail pipe includes a weak structure that is adapted to rupture or melt under heat. The one-way valve is opened to connect the delivery pipe and the tail pipe.

[0006] Beneficial effects: In the case of thermal runaway or high temperature of fire, the weak structure can quickly crack or melt. The heat-absorbing medium in the enclosed space flows out from the weak structure into the battery box, causing the pressure in the tail pipe to drop. The one-way valve then opens, and a large amount of fire extinguishing medium flows directly out from the tail pipe to pour into the box, thus achieving fire protection.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the tailpipe includes a pipe body and a plug. One end of the pipe body is connected to the one-way valve. The plug and the weak structure are both located at the end of the pipe body away from the one-way valve. The plug is located inside the pipe body. The outer peripheral wall of the plug and the inner peripheral wall of the pipe body are either fitted together or spaced apart. The weak structure restricts the plug from moving out of the pipe body.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the plug is spaced apart from the inner peripheral wall of the pipe body, and the weak structure is disposed between the pipe body and the plug to seal the end of the pipe body away from the one-way valve.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, on a cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe body, the pipe cross-sectional area is A, the plug cross-sectional area is A1, and the weak structure cross-sectional area is A2, satisfying 10% ≤ (A2 / A) × 100% ≤ 20%.

[0010] Beneficial effects: By controlling the area of ​​the weak structure on the cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the tube, the weak structure can be ensured to melt or rupture quickly, thus achieving timely fire extinguishing effect inside the battery system.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the weak structure covers the end of the pipe body away from the one-way valve.

[0012] Beneficial effect: By directly sealing the end of the pipe away from the one-way valve through the weak structure, leakage points can be reduced during assembly.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the thickness of the weak structure is t1, which satisfies 10μm≤t1≤50μm.

[0014] Beneficial effects: By limiting the thickness of the weak structure, the pressure resistance requirements of the weak structure can be met while ensuring that the weak structure can melt or break quickly.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the wall of a portion of the tailpipe is thinned to form the weak structure.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The thinning of the pipe wall creates a weak structure, allowing the tail pipe to be integrally formed. This integral design avoids the complex process of assembling multiple parts, reduces the number of components and connection steps, lowers processing difficulty and cost, and improves production efficiency.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the wall thickness of the tailpipe is t, and the wall thickness of the weak structure is t2, satisfying 30% ≤ (t2 / t) × 100% ≤ 50%.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By limiting the wall thickness of the weak structure, the pressure resistance requirements of the weak structure can be met while ensuring that the weak structure can melt or rupture quickly.

[0019] In one alternative embodiment, the heat-absorbing medium is a liquid or a gas.

[0020] Secondly, this utility model also provides a battery system, including the aforementioned battery fire-fighting structure and battery box; a plurality of battery fire-fighting structures are provided; a receiving cavity is formed inside the battery box, and a plurality of battery fire-fighting structures are spaced apart in the receiving cavity.

[0021] Beneficial effects: By installing several battery-powered fire suppression structures within the containment cavity, timely response to thermal runaway in different areas of the containment cavity can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of X;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model when the weak structure is located between the pipe body and the plug;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional area of ​​each part when the weak structure is set between the pipe body and the plug according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model when the weak structure is covered on the pipe body;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the tailpipe in an embodiment of the present invention, showing how the pipe wall is thinned to form a weak structure.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 10. Delivery pipe; 20. Check valve; 30. Tail pipe; 31. Weak structure; 32. Pipe body; 33. Plug; 34. Thinning zone; 35. Pipe body section; 36. Sealing section; 40. Battery box; 41. Receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0032] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first aspect, a battery-powered fire suppression structure is provided, comprising a delivery pipe 10, a one-way valve 20, and a tail pipe 30. The first end of the delivery pipe 10 is adapted to connect to a fire extinguishing medium; the inlet end of the one-way valve 20 is connected to the second end of the delivery pipe 10; the tail pipe 30 is connected to the outlet end of the one-way valve 20, and a closed space is formed between the tail pipe 30 and the one-way valve 20. The closed space is filled with a heat-absorbing medium. The tail pipe 30 includes a weak structure 31, which is adapted to rupture or melt under heat. The one-way valve 20 is opened to connect the delivery pipe 10 and the tail pipe 30.

[0034] In the case of thermal runaway or fire at high temperatures, the weak structure 31 can quickly rupture or melt, and the heat-absorbing medium in the enclosed space flows out from the weak structure 31 into the battery box 40, causing the pressure in the tail pipe 30 to drop. The one-way valve 20 then opens, and a large amount of fire extinguishing medium flows directly from the tail pipe 30 to pour into the box, thus achieving fire extinguishing.

[0035] It should be noted that under normal conditions (i.e., without fire suppression), the heat-absorbing medium in the enclosed space is at a stable pressure, thereby balancing the pressure on both sides of the one-way valve 20, and keeping the one-way valve 20 closed. In this embodiment, the opening of the one-way valve 20 is determined by the pressure in the enclosed space; when the pressure in the enclosed space decreases, the one-way valve 20 will open.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the tailpipe 30 includes a pipe body 32 and a plug 33. One end of the pipe body 32 is connected to the one-way valve 20. The plug 33 and the weak structure 31 are both located at the end of the pipe body 32 away from the one-way valve 20. The plug 33 is located inside the pipe body 32. The outer peripheral wall of the plug 33 is attached to or spaced from the inner peripheral wall of the pipe body 32. The weak structure 31 restricts the plug 33 from moving out of the pipe body 32.

[0037] It should be noted that the weak structure 31 is made of a low melting point material, such as a fusible alloy; the body 32 and the plug 33 of the tailpipe 30 are made of the same material, such as alloy steel or stainless steel.

[0038] Specifically, in the first implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the outer peripheral wall of the plug 33 is spaced apart from the inner peripheral wall of the pipe body 32. The weak structure 31 is located between the pipe body 32 and the plug 33 to seal the end of the pipe body 32 away from the one-way valve 20. When thermal runaway or high-temperature conditions such as fire occur, the weak structure 31 ruptures or melts, and the heat-absorbing medium flows out through the gap between the plug 33 and the pipe body 32, causing the pressure in the enclosed space to decrease. The one-way valve 20 opens under the influence of pressure, and the extinguishing medium enters the pipe body 32 and flushes away the plug 33. A large amount of extinguishing medium pours into the box body to achieve fire protection.

[0039] Specifically, in the first embodiment, the weak structure 31 is a tin alloy with a melting point of 110℃-180℃.

[0040] Specifically, in the first embodiment, the heat-absorbing medium is antifreeze.

[0041] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the heat-absorbing medium can also be other liquids or gases with strong heat-absorbing capacity.

[0042] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, in the cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe body 32, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe body 32 is A, the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug 33 is A1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the weak structure 31 is A2, satisfying 10% ≤ (A2 / A) × 100% ≤ 20%. By controlling the area of ​​the weak structure 31 in the cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe body 32, it is ensured that the weak structure 31 can melt or rupture quickly, thus achieving the fire extinguishing effect inside the battery system in a timely manner.

[0043] It is understandable that the cross-sectional area A of the pipe body 32, the cross-sectional area A1 of the plug 33, and the cross-sectional area A2 of the weak structure 31 satisfy A=A1+A2. Therefore, the relationship between the cross-sectional area A of the pipe body 32 and the cross-sectional area A1 of the plug 33 satisfies 80%≤(A1 / A)×100%≤90%.

[0044] It should be noted that when (A2 / A) < 10%, the area of ​​the weak structure 31 on the cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe body 32 is too small, and the sealing effect of the weak structure 31 on the plug 33 becomes worse; when (A2 / A) > 20%, the area of ​​the weak structure 31 on the cross-section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe body 32 is too large, which may require more heat to melt or break it, and timely fire extinguishing cannot be guaranteed.

[0045] In the second implementation, such as Figure 5As shown, the weak structure 31 covers the end of the pipe body 32 away from the one-way valve 20, and a gap is left between the plug 33 and the pipe body 32. By directly sealing the end of the pipe body 32 away from the one-way valve 20 through the weak structure 31, the leakage points during assembly can be reduced.

[0046] Specifically, in the second embodiment, the weak structure 31 is a tin alloy with a melting point of 110-180°C.

[0047] Specifically, in the second embodiment, the weak structure 31 is encased on the pipe body 32. When thermal runaway or high-temperature conditions such as fire occur, the weak structure 31 ruptures or melts, and the heat-absorbing medium flows out through the gap between the plug 33 and the pipe body 32, causing the pressure in the enclosed space to decrease. The one-way valve 20 opens under the influence of pressure, and the fire extinguishing medium enters the pipe body 32 and flushes away the plug 33. A large amount of fire extinguishing medium is poured into the box body to achieve fire protection.

[0048] In other alternative embodiments, the weak structure 31 may also be provided only on the end face of the pipe body 32 away from the one-way valve 20.

[0049] Specifically, in the second embodiment, the heat-absorbing medium is antifreeze.

[0050] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the heat-absorbing medium can also be other liquids or gases with strong heat-absorbing capacity.

[0051] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the thickness of the weak structure 31 is t1, which satisfies 10μm≤t1≤50μm. By limiting the thickness of the weak structure 31, the pressure resistance requirement of the weak structure 31 is met while ensuring that the weak structure 31 can melt or break quickly.

[0052] It should be noted that in the second embodiment, when t1 < 10 μm, the thickness of the weak structure 31 is too thin and cannot withstand the pressure in the enclosed space. The weak structure 31 is easily blown open or leaked by the heat-absorbing medium. When t1 > 50 μm, the thickness of the weak structure 31 is too thick. Under the influence of high temperature, the weak structure 31 breaks or melts slowly and cannot achieve timely cooling and fire fighting.

[0053] In the third implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the wall of a portion of the tailpipe 30 is thinned to form a weak structure 31. The weak structure 31 is formed by thinning the pipe wall, allowing the tailpipe 30 to be integrally molded. This integral molding design avoids the complex process of assembling multiple parts, reduces the number of parts and connection processes, lowers processing difficulty and cost, and improves production efficiency.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the tailpipe 30 includes a pipe body 35 and a plugging part 36. The pipe body 35 and the plugging part 36 are integrally formed. The pipe wall of part of the pipe body 35 is thinned to form a weak structure 31.

[0055] It should be noted that the pipe body 35 and the plugging part 36 can also be interference-fitted, and the pipe wall of the plugging part 36 can also be thinned.

[0056] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the area where the weak structure 31 is located is the thinning zone 34, which is spaced along the axial direction of the tailpipe 30 to form local annular grooves. When thermal runaway or high-temperature conditions such as fire occur, the weak structure 31 ruptures or melts, and the heat-absorbing medium flows directly out from the ruptured or melted thinning zone 34, causing the pressure in the enclosed space to decrease. The one-way valve 20 opens under the influence of pressure, and a large amount of extinguishing medium is poured into the box to achieve fire suppression.

[0057] Preferably, the thinning zone 34 is located at the end region of the tail pipe 30 that is far from the one-way valve 20.

[0058] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the thinning zone 34 may also be provided at circumferential intervals along the tailpipe 30.

[0059] Specifically, in the third embodiment, the heat-absorbing medium is antifreeze.

[0060] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the heat-absorbing medium can also be other liquids or gases with strong heat-absorbing capacity.

[0061] It should be noted that in the third embodiment, the heat-absorbing medium can also be a liquid or gas that easily absorbs heat and expands. At high temperatures, the liquid or gas rapidly absorbs heat and expands, causing the pressure inside the tail pipe 30 to rise. The thinning zone 34 where the weak structure 31 is located ruptures and releases pressure, causing the one-way valve 20 to open, thereby achieving fire protection.

[0062] Specifically, in the third embodiment, the material of the tailpipe 30 can be a plastic material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP / PPH), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.

[0063] For example, the tailpipe 30 is made of polypropylene. The polypropylene (PPH) tailpipe 30 design can control the wall thickness difference in different areas of the tailpipe 30 to form local stress concentration at high temperature (150℃–200℃), thereby guiding the tailpipe 30 to break in the preset thinning zone 34.

[0064] Furthermore, in the third embodiment, such as Figure 6As shown, the wall thickness of the tailpipe 30 is t, and the wall thickness of the weak structure 31 is t2, satisfying 30% ≤ (t2 / t) × 100% ≤ 50%. By limiting the wall thickness of the weak structure 31, the pressure resistance requirements of the weak structure 31 are met while ensuring that the weak structure 31 can melt or rupture quickly.

[0065] It should be noted that when (t2 / t)×100% < 30%, the wall thickness of the weak structure 31 is too thin and cannot withstand the pressure in the enclosed space. The weak structure 31 is easily blown open or leaked by the heat-absorbing medium. When (t2 / t)×100% > 50%, the wall thickness of the weak structure 31 is too thick. Under the influence of high temperature, the weak structure 31 will crack or melt slowly and cannot achieve timely cooling and fire protection.

[0066] Specifically, in the third implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, the wall thickness of the weak structure 31 is equal at all points along the radial direction of the tailpipe 30.

[0067] Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the wall thickness of the weak structure 31 along the radial direction of the tailpipe 30 can be gradually increased or decreased at various points to form a corrugated structure.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a second aspect, a battery system is also provided, including the aforementioned battery fire-fighting structure and battery box 40; a plurality of battery fire-fighting structures are provided; a receiving cavity 41 is formed within the battery box 40, and the plurality of battery fire-fighting structures are spaced apart within the receiving cavity 41. By providing a plurality of battery fire-fighting structures within the receiving cavity 41, timely response to thermal runaway in different areas of the receiving cavity 41 is achieved.

[0069] Furthermore, the battery box 40 has a square structure, with several battery fire-fighting structures arranged diagonally within the receiving cavity 41; or battery fire-fighting structures are arranged at all four corners of the battery box 40.

[0070] It should be noted that the number of battery-powered fire protection structures can be selected based on the actual situation.

[0071] It should be noted that the battery system includes the aforementioned battery fire protection structure and has the same effect as the aforementioned battery fire protection structure, so it will not be described again here.

[0072] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery fire protection structure, characterized by, include: Delivery pipe (10), the first end of which is adapted to be connected to extinguishing medium; A one-way valve (20) is provided, the inlet end of which is connected to the second end of the delivery pipe (10); Tail pipe (30) is connected to the outlet end of the one-way valve (20). A closed space is formed between the tail pipe (30) and the one-way valve (20). The closed space is filled with a heat-absorbing medium. The tail pipe (30) includes a weak structure (31). The weak structure (31) is suitable for cracking or melting when heated. The one-way valve (20) is opened to connect the delivery pipe (10) and the tail pipe (30).

2. The battery fire protection structure according to claim 1, characterized by, The tailpipe (30) includes a pipe body (32) and a plug (33). One end of the pipe body (32) is connected to the one-way valve (20). The plug (33) and the weak structure (31) are both located at the end of the pipe body (32) away from the one-way valve (20). The plug (33) is located inside the pipe body (32). The outer peripheral wall of the plug (33) and the inner peripheral wall of the pipe body (32) are either attached or spaced apart. The weak structure (31) restricts the plug (33) from moving out of the pipe body (32).

3. The battery fire protection structure according to claim 2, wherein The outer peripheral wall of the plug (33) is spaced apart from the inner peripheral wall of the pipe body (32), and the weak structure (31) is disposed between the pipe body (32) and the plug (33) to seal the end of the pipe body (32) away from the one-way valve (20).

4. The battery fire protection structure according to claim 3, characterized by On a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the pipe body (32), the pipe cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe body (32) is A, the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug (33) is A1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the weak structure (31) is A2, satisfying 10% ≤ (A2 / A) × 100% ≤ 20%.

5. The battery fire protection structure of claim 2, wherein The weak structure (31) covers the end of the tube (32) away from the one-way valve (20).

6. The battery fire protection structure of claim 5, wherein, The thickness of the weak structure (31) is t1, which satisfies 10μm≤t1≤50μm.

7. The battery fire protection structure of claim 1, wherein The wall of part of the tailpipe (30) is thinned to form the weak structure (31).

8. The battery fire protection structure of claim 7, wherein, The wall thickness of the tailpipe (30) is t, and the wall thickness of the weak structure (31) is t2, satisfying 30% ≤ (t2 / t) × 100% ≤ 50%.

9. The battery fire protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The heat-absorbing medium is a liquid or a gas.

10. A battery system characterized by, include: The battery fire-fighting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery fire-fighting structure is provided in a plurality of units; A battery box (40) has a receiving cavity (41) inside, and a plurality of battery fire-fighting structures are spaced apart in the receiving cavity (41).

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