Device for improving supporting capacity of tunnel lagging jack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for improving the supporting capacity of a tunnel arch frame, which relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and comprises an arch frame, an inverted arch frame, an energy absorption device and anchoring devices, the arch frame, the inverted arch frame and the anchoring devices are all arranged on surrounding rock, and the anchoring devices are arranged on two sides of the joint of the arch frame and the inverted arch frame. The arch frame and the inverted arch frame are connected through an energy absorption device and a bolt. The supporting device is simple in structure and high in supporting capacity, the performance and stability of the tunnel lagging jack can be improved, the overall quality and safety level of tunnel engineering are improved, and safer and more reliable guarantee is provided for tunnel construction and operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a device for improving the support capacity of tunnel arch frames. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of tunnel structures, tunnel arches directly impact the safety and stability of tunnels. However, due to the complexity and variability of tunnel construction environments, traditional tunnel arches often struggle to meet the ever-increasing support demands. In actual construction, tunnel arches are frequently affected by various factors such as geological conditions, construction errors, and load variations, leading to insufficient support capacity and even safety accidents.

[0003] To improve the supporting capacity of tunnel arch frames and address the aforementioned problems, prestressing technology, anchoring technology, and structural optimization design have become research hotspots. The application of these technologies can effectively enhance the structural performance of the arch frames, increase their load-bearing capacity, and thus better adapt to complex construction environments. Therefore, a device to improve the supporting capacity of tunnel arch frames is needed to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a device for improving the support capacity of tunnel arch frames. Compared with traditional tunnel arch frame support devices, the present invention has a simple structure and strong support capacity, which can improve the performance and stability of tunnel arch frames, improve the overall quality and safety level of tunnel engineering, and provide a safer and more reliable guarantee for tunnel construction and operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame includes an arch frame, an inverted arch frame, an energy-absorbing device, and an anchoring device. The arch frame, inverted arch frame, and anchoring device are all installed on the surrounding rock. Anchoring devices are provided on both sides of the connection between the arch frame and the inverted arch frame. The arch frame and the inverted arch frame are connected by the energy-absorbing device and bolts.

[0007] Furthermore, both the arch frame and the inverted arch frame include I-beams and steel plates. Steel plates are welded to both sides of the I-beams, and energy-absorbing devices are bonded to the steel plates. Multiple sections of the I-beams are connected through the energy-absorbing devices on the steel plates to form the arch frame and the inverted arch frame, which are used to anchor each other to form a support of the target size.

[0008] Furthermore, the bending angles of the arch frame and the inverted arch frame are different.

[0009] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing device includes a rubber layer, which is adhered to the outside of the steel plate. Bolt holes are provided on both the rubber layer and the steel plate. The rubber layer is made of a high-elasticity polymer material.

[0010] Furthermore, the anchoring device includes an arch foot baffle and an anchor cable. The arch foot baffle includes a U-shaped plate and wing plates. Wing plates are connected to both sides of the U-shaped plate. Anchor cable holes are opened on the wing plates. The anchor cable anchors the arch foot baffle to the surrounding rock through the anchor cable holes. An energy-absorbing device is adhered to the U-shaped plate.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] This utility model has a simple structure and strong support capacity. By connecting the anchor cable and the arch foot baffle in the anchoring device, the arch frame is firmly anchored to the surrounding rock, limiting its excessive displacement caused by rock displacement. Through the energy absorption effect of the rubber layer in the energy absorption device, the small stress generated during construction is absorbed, preventing the arch frame system from having excessive displacement. The combination of the two not only improves the support capacity and stability of the tunnel arch frame, but also ensures the safety and smooth progress of tunnel construction. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tunnel support and overall assembly;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the coordination between the arch frame, the inverted arch frame, and the energy absorption device.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arch foot baffle;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram I shows the anchoring device and the energy absorption device;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram II of the anchoring device and energy absorption device;

[0019] In the figure:

[0020] 1-Arch frame; 2-Inverted arch frame; 3-Energy absorption device; 4-Rubber layer; 5-Arch foot baffle; 6-Anchor cable hole; 7-Bolt hole; 8-Anchor cable. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see the appendix Figure 1-5 This utility model provides a device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame, including an arch frame 1, an inverted arch frame 2, an energy-absorbing device 3, and an anchoring device. The arch frame 1, the inverted arch frame 2, and the anchoring device are all installed on the surrounding rock. Anchoring devices are provided on both sides of the connection between the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2. The arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2 are connected by bolts through the energy-absorbing device 3. This utility model uses anchor cables 8 and anchors in conjunction with anchoring washers to anchor the arch frame 1 to the surrounding rock, limiting its excessive displacement due to rock displacement. The anchoring device makes the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2 more stable, thereby improving the support capacity of the arch frame 1.

[0023] Preferably, both the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2 include I-beams and steel plates. Steel plates are welded to both sides of the I-beams, and energy-absorbing devices 3 are bonded to the steel plates. Multiple sections of the I-beams are connected by the energy-absorbing devices 3 on the steel plates to form the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2, which are used to anchor each other to form a support of the target size.

[0024] Preferably, the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2 have different bending angles.

[0025] Preferably, the energy-absorbing device 3 includes a rubber layer 4, which is adhered to the outer side of the steel plate. Bolt holes 7 are provided on both the rubber layer 4 and the steel plate. The rubber layer 4 is made of a high-elasticity polymer material. The energy-absorbing device 3 can be set on both sides of the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2, with rubber layers 4 of the same size as the side steel plates. Therefore, it can be formed into a standard single piece for mass production. The small stress generated during construction can be absorbed by the rubber layer 4, so that the arch frame 1 system does not produce large displacement, thereby achieving the purpose of energy absorption.

[0026] Each section of the arch frame 1 is connected to the arch frame 1 by a rubber layer 4, and then fixed on both sides of the connection by arch foot baffles 5; when the angle between the arch frame 1 and the inverted arch frame 2 is too large, the inverted arch frame 2 can be connected to the arch frame 1 by the arch foot baffles 5 installed on the arch frame 1.

[0027] Selection and preparation of rubber layer 4:

[0028] Selection of rubber layer 4: Based on the size of the arch frame 1, load requirements and construction environment, select a rubber layer 4 composed of a high-elasticity polymer material with appropriate thickness and elastic modulus. The rubber layer 4 should have good wear resistance, weather resistance and anti-aging properties.

[0029] Installation of rubber layer 4:

[0030] Clean the surface: Before installing the rubber layer 4, clean the dust, oil and other impurities on the bottom surface of the arch frame 1 to ensure that the surface is clean and flat.

[0031] Adhesion or vulcanization: Based on the material and characteristics of the rubber layer 4, select an appropriate adhesion or vulcanization method to install the rubber layer 4 on the bottom surface of the arch frame 1, ensuring that the rubber layer 4 is tightly adhered to the bottom surface of the arch frame 1 and that no defects such as bubbles or delamination are produced.

[0032] Maintenance and replacement of rubber layer 4:

[0033] Regular inspection: During and after construction, regularly inspect the condition of rubber layer 4 to check for problems such as wear, aging, and delamination.

[0034] Timely replacement: If the above-mentioned problems are found in the rubber layer 4, a new rubber layer 4 should be replaced in time to ensure the normal operation of the energy absorption device 3.

[0035] Preferably, the anchoring device includes an arch foot baffle 5 and an anchor cable 8. The arch foot baffle 5 includes a U-shaped plate and a wing plate. The wing plates are connected to both sides of the U-shaped plate. An anchor cable hole 6 is provided on the wing plate. The anchor cable 8 anchors the arch foot baffle 5 to the surrounding rock through the anchor cable hole 6. An energy-absorbing device 3 is adhered to the U-shaped plate.

[0036] Selection and preparation of anchor cables and anchorages:

[0037] Selection of anchor cable 8: Based on the required support force of the tunnel arch frame 1 and the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock (such as strength, hardness, weathering degree, etc.), a high-strength anchor cable 8 with sufficient strength and durability is selected. The diameter, material and tensile strength of the anchor cable 8 need to be determined through detailed calculation and design.

[0038] Anchor preparation: Prepare anchors that match the anchor cable 8, such as anchor heads and anchor plates. The anchors should have good strength and corrosion resistance to cope with the harsh environment of dampness and high stress in the tunnel.

[0039] Design and installation of arch foot baffle 5:

[0040] Design: The design of the arch foot baffle 5 must take into account the unevenness of the surrounding rock and the dimensions of the arch frame 1. The baffle should have sufficient strength and rigidity to be placed stably on the surrounding rock and to effectively transfer the load of the arch frame 1.

[0041] Installation: Determine the installation position of the arch foot baffle 5 on the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and fix the baffle to the surrounding rock using expansion bolts or other fixing methods.

[0042] The anchoring process:

[0043] Drilling: Drill holes in the surrounding rock according to the design requirements, matching the diameter of anchor cable 8. The depth, diameter, angle, and other parameters of the drilling should be determined based on the requirements of anchor cable 8 and the actual conditions of the surrounding rock.

[0044] Anchor cable 8 insertion: Pass the anchor cable 8 through the anchor cable hole 6 of the arch foot baffle 5 and insert it into the borehole of the surrounding rock, ensuring that the anchor cable 8 is correctly positioned in the borehole and does not bend or twist.

[0045] Application of anchoring agent: Inject special anchoring agent or concrete into the borehole of anchor cable 8, ensuring that the anchoring agent fills the borehole and is in close contact with anchor cable 8 and surrounding rock. Wait for the anchoring agent to cure to form a firm anchoring connection.

[0046] Connection of arch foot baffle 5:

[0047] Bolt hole 7 setting: Corresponding bolt holes 7 are set on the arch foot baffle 5. The position, diameter and number of bolt holes 7 should be determined according to the size and load requirements of the arch frame 1.

[0048] Bolt connection: High-strength bolts are used to tightly connect the arch foot baffles 5 together to ensure that the bolt connection is firm and reliable and can withstand the load transmitted by the arch frame 1.

[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0050] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame, characterized in that, It includes an arch frame (1), an inverted arch frame (2), an energy-absorbing device (3), and an anchoring device. The arch frame (1), the inverted arch frame (2), and the anchoring device are all set on the surrounding rock. Anchoring devices are provided on both sides of the connection between the arch frame (1) and the inverted arch frame (2). The arch frame (1) and the inverted arch frame (2) are connected by bolts through the energy-absorbing device (3).

2. The device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the arch frame (1) and the inverted arch frame (2) include I-beams and steel plates. Steel plates are welded to both sides of the I-beams, and energy-absorbing devices (3) are bonded to the steel plates. Multiple sections of the I-beams are connected by the energy-absorbing devices (3) on the steel plates to form the arch frame (1) and the inverted arch frame (2), which are used to anchor each other to form a support of the target size.

3. The device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arch frame (1) and the inverted arch frame (2) have different bending angles.

4. The device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing device (3) includes a rubber layer (4), which is attached to the outside of the steel plate. Bolt holes (7) are provided on both the rubber layer (4) and the steel plate. The rubber layer (4) is made of a high-elasticity polymer material.

5. The device for improving the support capacity of a tunnel arch frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring device includes an arch foot baffle (5) and an anchor cable (8). The arch foot baffle (5) includes a U-shaped plate and a wing plate. The wing plate is connected to both sides of the U-shaped plate. An anchor cable hole (6) is opened on the wing plate. The anchor cable (8) anchors the arch foot baffle (5) to the surrounding rock through the anchor cable hole (6). An energy absorption device (3) is attached to the U-shaped plate.

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