Industrial boiler waste heat recoverer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a waste heat recoverer of an industrial boiler, which comprises a steam boiler, a combustion engine arranged on a combustion chamber of the steam boiler, a front valve, a buffer tank, a heat exchanger and a rear valve, a cold water pipe and a hot water pipe are installed on the heating side of the heat exchanger and connected with the water tank. According to the non-synchronous control mechanism of the scheme, the retention time of fluid in the heat exchanger is greatly prolonged, and the heat recovery efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boiler technology, and in particular to a waste heat recovery device for industrial boilers. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, boilers generate high-temperature wastewater containing a significant amount of heat energy. Traditional boiler waste heat recovery systems typically employ a fixed-load design, transferring the heat from the wastewater to softened water via a heat exchanger.

[0003] Fixed load design cannot dynamically adjust the flow rate of the heat exchanger according to the fluctuation of sewage temperature, resulting in insufficient heat utilization in the high-temperature section, insufficient heat exchange in the low-temperature section, and low overall heat recovery rate. Existing technologies mostly rely on manual adjustment of valve opening, which has a slow response speed and cannot adapt to changes in sewage temperature in real time. The adjustment device using electronic system is easily damaged in high-temperature environment. Existing systems also lack asynchronous control mechanisms, resulting in insufficient fluid residence time in the heat exchanger.

[0004] Therefore, a boiler blowdown heat recovery device driven by mechanical linkage and temperature-sensing deformation components can be designed to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchanger in real time, so that the heat of the sewage can be fully exchanged and the heat loss can be reduced. Furthermore, the valves before and after the heat exchanger can be controlled asynchronously, so that the high-temperature sewage can be kept in the heat exchanger for a longer period of time, ensuring sufficient heat exchange. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the problem that the heat exchanger load is fixed and heat loss is large during boiler blowdown, and it cannot be adjusted automatically.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: an industrial boiler waste heat recovery device, comprising a steam boiler, a burner installed on the combustion chamber of the steam boiler, a pre-valve, a buffer tank, a heat exchanger, and a post-valve sequentially connected to the blowdown end of the steam boiler. A water tank is connected to the inlet end of the steam boiler. Cold water pipes and hot water pipes are installed on the heating side of the heat exchanger, both connected to the water tank. A drive assembly, a temperature-sensing deformable element, and a temperature sensor are installed on the blowdown end of the heat exchanger. The input end of the drive assembly is connected to the temperature-sensing deformable element. When the temperature at the blowdown end rises and exceeds a threshold F1, the temperature-sensing deformable element drives the drive assembly to move. A transmission assembly is installed on the post-valve. A power output assembly and a gas chamber are installed on the heat exchanger. The input end of the first transmission component is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the output end of the first transmission component is connected to the input end of the power output component. A synchronous force transmission component is movably connected in the air chamber, and the input end of the synchronous force transmission component is connected to the output end of the power output component. The power output component is used to drive the synchronous force transmission component to move in the air chamber. A delayed force transmission component and a linkage component are installed on the waste heat recovery device. When the synchronous force transmission component moves, the gas flows between the air chamber and the delayed force transmission component. The delayed force transmission component is used to drive the linkage component to move. A second transmission component is installed on the pre-valve, and the output end of the linkage component is connected to the input end of the second transmission component. The linkage component and the drive component are used to drive the opening degree of the pre-valve and the post-valve to increase or decrease, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the temperature-sensing deformable component includes a corrugated SMA plate installed on the drain end of the heat exchanger, a push head installed on one end of the SMA plate, and an assembly head detachably installed on the push head. The assembly head is detachably installed on the drive assembly. When the temperature at the drain end rises and exceeds the threshold F1, the SMA plate deforms and drives the slip ring to move through the push head and the assembly head. A filter spring is installed on the temperature-sensing deformable component, with one end of the filter spring connected to the push head and the other end connected to the SMA plate.

[0008] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a slip ring slidably connected to the drain end and a rocker arm movably connected to the slip ring at one end, with the other end of the rocker arm connected to the first transmission assembly; the first transmission assembly includes a worm gear fixedly mounted on the rear valve and a turntable fixedly connected to the worm gear, the axes of the worm gear and the turntable being on the same axis as the rotation axis of the rear valve, and the other end of the rocker arm being movably connected to the eccentric position of the turntable, the rocker arm being used to drive the turntable to rotate and control the opening degree of the rear valve to increase or decrease.

[0009] Preferably, the power output assembly includes a worm gear and a driven gear movably connected to the waste heat recovery device, a driving gear fixedly connected to the worm gear, and a threaded sleeve coaxially mounted on the driven gear. The worm gear meshes with a worm wheel, and the driven gear meshes with the driving gear. The worm gear drives the driven gear and the threaded sleeve to rotate through the driving gear. The air chamber includes an air cavity mounted on the heat exchanger and an air supply pipe connected at one end to the air cavity. The other end of the air supply pipe is connected to a delayed force transmission component. When the threaded sleeve rotates, the synchronous force transmission component moves within the air cavity.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the synchronous force transmission component includes a plunger movably connected in the air chamber and a lead screw fixedly connected to the plunger at one end. The other end of the lead screw is threadedly connected in the threaded sleeve. The plunger and the air chamber are connected by a spline guide connection. When the threaded sleeve rotates, the plunger is driven to move in the air chamber through the lead screw.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the delayed force transmission component includes a back frame installed on the waste heat recovery device and an airbag installed on the back frame. The other end of the air supply pipe is connected to the airbag, and the gas flows between the airbag and the air chamber through the air supply pipe. The airbag has a spherical structure, with one end fixedly connected to the back frame and the other end attached to the linkage component.

[0012] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes a gear rail slidably connected to the waste heat recovery device and a mating buckle installed on the gear rail. The airbag fits into the mating buckle. A return spring is installed on the gear rail along its sliding direction. When the airbag inflates, it pushes the gear rail to one side; when the airbag deflates, the return spring drives the gear rail to the other side. The second transmission assembly includes a linkage gear installed on the front valve. The linkage gear meshes with the gear rail. When the gear rail moves, it drives the opening of the front valve to increase or decrease through the linkage gear.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. By combining the heat changes at the drain end with the setting of temperature-sensing deformation components and linkage components, the valve opening is adjusted in real time to improve heat exchange efficiency;

[0015] 2. The filter spring absorbs short-term temperature fluctuation stress, avoids malfunction, and enhances system stability;

[0016] 3. Through the asynchronous control mechanism of this scheme, the residence time of the fluid in the heat exchanger is greatly extended, and the heat recovery efficiency is significantly improved;

[0017] 4. Delayed transmission is achieved by utilizing the compressibility of the gas in the gas chamber, thus preventing the pre-valve from operating prematurely and causing water hammer effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the industrial boiler waste heat recovery device of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a partial structural schematic of the industrial boiler waste heat recovery device of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a partial front view of the waste heat recovery device for industrial boilers according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the rear valve of the industrial boiler waste heat recovery device of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of the pre-valve of the industrial boiler waste heat recovery device of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of the gas chamber and the delayed force transmission component of the industrial boiler waste heat recovery device of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the power output component and synchronous force transmission component of the industrial boiler waste heat recovery device of this utility model.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Burner; 2. Steam boiler; 31. Pre-valve; 32. Post-valve; 4. Buffer tank; 5. Heat exchanger; 51. Cold water pipe; 52. Hot water pipe; 6. Water tank; 7. Control unit; 801. SMA plate; 802. Push head; 803. Assembly head; 901. Slip ring; 902. Rocker arm; 1001. Worm gear; 1002. Turntable; 1101. Worm; 1102. Drive gear; 1103. Driven gear; 1104. Threaded sleeve; 1201. Air chamber; 1202. Gas pipe; 1301. Lead screw; 1302. Plunger; 1401. Back frame; 1402. Airbag; 1501. Gear rail; 1502. Connecting buckle; 1601. Linkage gear. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 7This utility model provides an embodiment: an industrial boiler waste heat recovery device, including a steam boiler 2, a burner 1 installed in the combustion chamber of the steam boiler 2, a pre-valve 31, a buffer tank 4, a heat exchanger 5, and a post-valve 32 connected sequentially to the drain end of the steam boiler 2. A water tank 6 is connected to the water inlet end of the steam boiler 2. A cold water pipe 51 and a hot water pipe 52 are installed on the heating side of the heat exchanger 5, both connected to the water tank 6. A drive assembly, a temperature-sensing deformable element, and a temperature sensor are installed on the drain end of the heat exchanger 5. The input end of the drive assembly is connected to the temperature-sensing deformable element. When the temperature at the drain end rises and exceeds a threshold F1, the temperature-sensing deformable element drives the drive assembly to move. A transmission assembly is installed on the post-valve 32, and a transmission component is installed on the heat exchanger 5. It has a power output component and an air chamber. The input end of the first transmission component is connected to the output end of the drive component, and the output end of the first transmission component is connected to the input end of the power output component. A synchronous force transmission component is movably connected in the air chamber. The input end of the synchronous force transmission component is connected to the output end of the power output component. The power output component is used to drive the synchronous force transmission component to move in the air chamber. A delayed force transmission component and a linkage component are installed on the waste heat recovery device. When the synchronous force transmission component moves, the gas flows between the air chamber and the delayed force transmission component. The delayed force transmission component is used to drive the linkage component to move. A second transmission component is installed on the front valve 31. The output end of the linkage component is connected to the input end of the second transmission component. The linkage component and the drive component are used to drive the opening degree of the front valve 31 and the rear valve 32 to increase or decrease, respectively. The heating side of heat exchanger 55 can be equipped with a variable frequency water pump to heat liquids such as water that require heating (two water pumps 7 can be configured as needed, one for operation and one for standby. The control unit 77, based on PLC logic, dynamically adjusts the water pump frequency according to the outlet temperature of cold water pipe 5151: when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of cold water pipe 5151 is lower than the set value T1, the frequency converter 11 increases the water pump speed to the preset value P1; when the temperature reaches T2, it automatically switches to the standby pump and reduces the speed to the preset value P2, ensuring a balance between heat exchange efficiency and energy consumption). Temperature sensors are installed at the inlet of buffer tank 44 and the wastewater outlet of heat exchanger 55. The heating side of heat exchanger 55 is equipped with a water pump and a heat meter. The heat meter has two temperature sensors, which are installed on cold water pipe 5151 and hot water pipe 5252 respectively. The temperature sensor of cold water pipe 5151 is installed at the inlet of the water pump. The entire device is equipped with a PLC-based control unit 77 (programmable controller, used to control electrical equipment such as water pumps and temperature sensors). The control unit 77 is equipped with a PLC controller, a smart meter, and a frequency converter 11, etc. Temperature sensors at the wastewater inlet and outlet are connected to the control unit 77 via hardwired analog signals.A asynchronous transmission system is constructed using a gas chamber and a delayed force transmission component (fully utilizing the compressibility of the gas in the gas chamber and the elasticity of the delayed force transmission component, causing the pre-valve 31 to lag behind the post-valve 32 in operation). This ensures that when the post-valve 32 decreases its opening first, the fluid flow velocity within the heat exchanger 5 gradually decreases, while the opening of the pre-valve 31 decreases later, maintaining a certain inlet pressure gradient. This gradual closing method effectively avoids water hammer or pressure fluctuations caused by sudden cessation of fluid flow. The method of the post-valve 32 decreasing its opening first, followed by the pre-valve 31, increases the residence time of the fluid within the heat exchanger 5, allowing for more efficient heat transfer to the cold-side medium. The delayed decrease in the opening of the pre-valve 31 maintains a certain flow rate on the inlet side, preventing a decrease in localized heat exchange efficiency due to a sudden drop in inlet velocity.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 3 In this embodiment, the temperature-sensing deformation component includes a wavy SMA plate 801 installed on the drain end of the heat exchanger 5 (the wavy structure allows for large lateral deformation, the wavy design reduces local stress and improves fatigue life; the wavy SMA plate 801 is woven from nickel-titanium alloy wire, with a deformation ≥5mm at ΔT=120℃, and is formed into a periodic wavy structure with wavelength λ=20mm and amplitude A=5mm after solution treatment at 550℃), a push head 802 installed at one end of the SMA plate 801, and a detachable assembly head 803 installed on the push head 802. The assembly head 803 is detachably installed on the drive assembly. When the temperature at the drain end rises and exceeds the threshold F1, the SMA plate 801 deforms and drives the slip ring 901 to move through the push head 802 and the assembly head 803 (the detachable installation of the assembly head 803 and the push head 802 allows them to be removed independently when not in use, allowing the temperature-sensing deformation component to be connected to the drive assembly). The connection between components is disconnected to prevent the opening of the pre-valve 31 and the post-valve 32 from automatically adjusting due to temperature changes; a filter spring is installed on the temperature-sensing deformation component. One end of the filter spring is connected to the push head 802, and the other end is connected to the SMA plate 801. The filter spring is used to filter short-term temperature fluctuations, similar to the anti-vibration design of pneumatic regulating valves. For example, when the temperature fluctuates slightly, the expansion force of the SMA plate 801 will be absorbed by the filter spring, and will not generate stress on the drive component, thus avoiding the incorrect adjustment of the opening of the pre-valve 31 and the post-valve 32 due to slight temperature fluctuations (axial deformation is achieved by using the thermal expansion coefficient or phase change characteristics of the material. The deformation of the SMA plate 801 must meet the maximum deformation of the SMA. Temperature and opening are linearly related. The maximum opening limit of the valve is set. In actual design, the temperature-opening curve is calibrated by experiment. For example, when ΔTmax=120∘C, the opening reaches 100%).

[0029] Please see Figure 2 - Figure 7 In this embodiment, the drive assembly includes a slip ring 901 slidably connected to the drain end and a rocker arm 902 movably connected to the slip ring 901 at one end. The other end of the rocker arm 902 is connected to the first transmission assembly. The first transmission assembly includes a worm gear 1001 fixedly mounted on the rear valve 32 and a turntable 1002 fixedly connected to the worm gear 1001. The axes of the worm gear 1001 and the turntable 1002 are both on the same axis as the rotation axis of the rear valve 32. The other end of the rocker arm 902 is movably connected to the eccentric position of the turntable 1002. The rocker arm 902 is used to drive the turntable 1002 to rotate and control the opening degree of the rear valve 32 to increase or decrease. The power output assembly includes a worm gear 1101 and a driven gear 1103 movably connected to the waste heat recovery device, a driving gear 1102 fixedly connected to the worm gear 1101, and a threaded sleeve 1104 coaxially mounted on the driven gear 1103. The worm gear 1101 meshes with the worm wheel 1001, and the driven gear 1103 meshes with the driving gear 1102. The worm gear 1101 drives the driven gear 1103 and the threaded sleeve 1104 to rotate through the driving gear 1102. The air chamber includes an air cavity 1201 mounted on the heat exchanger 5 and an air supply pipe 1202 connected at one end to the air cavity 1201. The other end of the air supply pipe 1202 is connected to a delayed force transmission component. When the threaded sleeve 1104 rotates, the synchronous force transmission component moves within the air cavity 1201. The synchronous force transmission component includes a plunger 1302 movably connected in the air chamber 1201 and a lead screw 1301 fixedly connected at one end to the plunger 1302. The other end of the lead screw 1301 is threadedly connected in the threaded sleeve 1104. The plunger 1302 and the air chamber 1201 are connected by a spline guide connection. When the threaded sleeve 1104 rotates, the plunger 1302 is driven to move in the air chamber 1201 through the lead screw 1301. When the SMA plate 801 thermally expands, it generates stress on the slip ring 901. During the movement of the slip ring 901, the rocker arm 902 swings, which in turn drives the turntable 1002 to rotate, thus reducing the opening of the rear valve 32 (the mechanical transmission here is synchronized with the thermal expansion of the SMA plate 801, meaning that the opening of the rear valve 32 can change synchronously with the change in the temperature at the discharge end, providing timeliness). The worm gear 1001 rotates with the turntable 1002 and transmits power to the worm 1101, causing the worm 1101 and the drive gear 1102 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the threaded sleeve 1104 with the driven gear 1103 to rotate. Here, the drive gear 1102 and the driven gear 1103 are speed-increasing transmissions, the purpose of which is that when the worm gear 1001 rotates at a small angle, the threaded sleeve 1104 can still rotate more times to drive the screw 1301 to move a sufficient distance, facilitating the full transmission of power to the next stage.

[0030] Please see Figure 2 - Figure 3 and Figure 6 - Figure 7 In this embodiment, the delayed force transmission component includes a back frame 1401 mounted on the waste heat recovery device and an airbag 1402 mounted on the back frame 1401. The other end of the air supply pipe 1202 is connected to the airbag 1402. Gas flows between the airbag 1402 and the air chamber 1201 through the air supply pipe 1202. The airbag 1402 has a spherical structure, with one end fixedly connected to the back frame 1401 and the other end attached to the linkage component. The linkage assembly includes a gear rail 1501 slidably connected to the waste heat recovery device and a mating buckle 1502 mounted on the gear rail 1501. The airbag 1402 is in contact with the mating buckle 1502. A return spring is mounted on the gear rail 1501 along its sliding direction. When the airbag 1402 inflates, it pushes the gear rail 1501 to one side. When the airbag 1402 deflates, the return spring drives the gear rail 1501 to the other side. The second transmission assembly includes a linkage gear 1601 mounted on the front valve 31. The linkage gear 1601 meshes with the gear rail 1501. When the gear rail 1501 moves, it drives the opening of the front valve 31 to increase or decrease through the linkage gear 1601. When the lead screw 1301 drives the plunger 1302 to move within the air chamber 1201, the pressure in the air chamber 1201 changes, causing gas to flow between the air bag 1402 and the air chamber 1201 through the air supply pipe 1202 (note that because the gas has a certain compressibility, this serves as the first-stage asynchronous drive module of this device). When the air bag 1402 inflates, it generates a thrust on the gear rail 1501 (overcoming the elastic force of the return spring). The moving gear rail 1501 controls the rotation of the linkage gear 1601, which in turn controls the opening of the pre-valve 31 to decrease (here, the air bag 1402 itself has elasticity, plus the compressibility of the return spring, serving as the second-stage asynchronous drive module of this device). In this way, the decrease in the opening of the pre-valve 31 lags behind that of the post-valve 32 (allowing the wastewater to remain sufficiently in the heat exchanger 5). Similarly, the increase in the opening of the pre-valve 31 also lags behind that of the post-valve 32.

[0031] Working principle: The wastewater from steam boiler 2 first enters buffer tank 4. The main function of buffer tank 4 is to stabilize pressure, reduce impact, and protect heat exchanger 5. The wastewater then enters heat exchanger 5 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the wastewater is discharged (water is taken from softened water tank 6 of steam boiler 2, and the waste heat is recovered through an integrated intelligent wastewater discharge waste heat recovery device to heat the softened water, thereby increasing the boiler feedwater temperature, reducing the natural gas consumption of steam boiler 2, and achieving energy saving). A temperature-sensing deformation component of appropriate size is set according to the appropriate temperature of the wastewater at the discharge end (for example, when the temperature at the discharge end reaches the threshold F1, the stress value of the temperature-sensing deformation component absorbed by the filter spring reaches its maximum; as the temperature continues to rise, the deformation of the temperature-sensing deformation component continues to increase). The assembly head 803 and the push head 802 push the slip ring 901 to move. The slip ring 901 drives the rocker arm 902 to swing and act on the turntable 1002, which immediately... The rotation controls the opening of the rear valve 32 to gradually decrease. Simultaneously, the rotating worm gear 1001 transmits power to the worm 1101, and through the driving gear 1102, controls the rotation of the threaded sleeve 1104 with the driven gear 1103, allowing the lead screw 1301 to move within the air chamber 1201. Compressed gas enters the air bladder 1402, and the inflated air bladder 1402 overcomes the elastic force of the return spring, pushing the gear rail 1501 to move, thereby transmitting power to the linkage gear 1601, controlling the opening of the front valve 31 to gradually decrease. Experimental data shows that through the asynchronous control mechanism of this scheme, the fluid residence time in the heat exchanger 5 is extended by 30%, and the heat recovery efficiency is increased from 55% in the traditional system to 85%. In addition, the combination of the SMA plate 801 and the air bladder 1402 avoids the problem of high-temperature failure of electronic components (the lifespan of electronic sensors in the traditional system is <2 years, while the mechanical lifespan of this scheme is ≥10 years).

Claims

1. An industrial boiler waste heat recovery device, characterized in that: It includes a steam boiler (2), a burner (1) installed on the combustion chamber of the steam boiler (2), a pre-valve (31), a buffer tank (4), a heat exchanger (5) and a post-valve (32) connected in sequence to the drain end of the steam boiler (2). The water inlet end of the steam boiler (2) is connected to a water tank (6). The heating side of the heat exchanger (5) is equipped with a cold water pipe (51) and a hot water pipe (52). Both the cold water pipe (51) and the hot water pipe (52) are connected to the water tank (6). A drive assembly, a temperature-sensing deformable element, and a temperature sensor are installed on the drain end of the heat exchanger (5). The input end of the drive assembly is connected to the temperature-sensing deformable element. When the temperature at the drain end rises and exceeds the threshold F1, the temperature-sensing deformable element drives the drive assembly to move. A first transmission assembly is installed on the rear valve (32). A power output assembly and an air chamber are installed on the heat exchanger (5). The input end of the first transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the drive assembly, and the output end of the first transmission assembly is connected to the input end of the power output assembly. A synchronous force transmission component is connected to the gas chamber. The input end of the synchronous force transmission component is connected to the output end of the power output component. The power output component is used to drive the synchronous force transmission component to move in the gas chamber. A delayed force transmission component and a linkage component are installed on the waste heat recovery device. When the synchronous force transmission component moves, the gas flows between the gas chamber and the delayed force transmission component. The delayed force transmission component is used to drive the linkage component to move. A second transmission component is installed on the front valve (31). The output end of the linkage component is connected to the input end of the second transmission component. The linkage component and the drive component are used to drive the opening degree of the front valve (31) and the rear valve (32) to increase or decrease, respectively.

2. The industrial boiler waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-sensitive deformation component includes a corrugated SMA plate (801) installed on the drain end of the heat exchanger (5), a push head (802) installed on one end of the SMA plate (801), and a detachable assembly head (803) installed on the push head (802). The assembly head (803) is detachably installed on the drive assembly. When the temperature at the drain end rises and exceeds the threshold F1, the SMA plate (801) deforms and drives the slip ring (901) to move through the push head (802) and the assembly head (803). A filter spring is installed on the temperature-sensitive deformation part. One end of the filter spring is connected to the push head (802), and the other end is connected to the SMA plate (801).

3. The industrial boiler waste heat recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a slip ring (901) slidably connected to the sewage discharge end and a rocker arm (902) movably connected at one end to the slip ring (901), with the other end of the rocker arm (902) connected to the first transmission assembly; The first transmission assembly includes a worm gear (1001) fixedly mounted on the rear valve (32) and a turntable (1002) fixedly connected to the worm gear (1001). The axes of the worm gear (1001) and the turntable (1002) are both on the same axis as the rotation axis of the rear valve (32). The other end of the rocker arm (902) is movably connected to the eccentric position of the turntable (1002). The rocker arm (902) is used to drive the turntable (1002) to rotate and control the opening degree of the rear valve (32) to increase or decrease.

4. The industrial boiler waste heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power output assembly includes a worm (1101) and a driven gear (1103) movably connected to the waste heat recovery device, a driving gear (1102) fixedly connected to the worm (1101), and a threaded sleeve (1104) coaxially mounted on the driven gear (1103). The worm (1101) meshes with the worm wheel (1001), and the driven gear (1103) meshes with the driving gear (1102). The worm (1101) drives the driven gear (1103) and the threaded sleeve (1104) to rotate through the driving gear (1102). The air chamber includes an air cavity (1201) installed on the heat exchanger (5) and an air supply pipe (1202) connected at one end to the air cavity (1201). The other end of the air supply pipe (1202) is connected to the delayed force transmission component. When the wire sleeve (1104) rotates, the synchronous force transmission component moves in the air cavity (1201).

5. An industrial boiler waste heat recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The synchronous force transmission component includes a plunger (1302) movably connected in the air chamber (1201) and a lead screw (1301) fixedly connected at one end to the plunger (1302). The other end of the lead screw (1301) is threadedly connected in the threaded sleeve (1104). The plunger (1302) and the air chamber (1201) are connected by a spline guide connection. When the threaded sleeve (1104) rotates, the plunger (1302) is driven to move in the air chamber (1201) through the lead screw (1301).

6. The industrial boiler waste heat recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The delayed force transmission component includes a back frame (1401) installed on the waste heat recovery device and an airbag (1402) installed on the back frame (1401). The other end of the air supply pipe (1202) is connected to the airbag (1402). Gas flows between the airbag (1402) and the air chamber (1201) through the air supply pipe (1202). The airbag (1402) has a spherical structure, with one end fixedly connected to the back frame (1401) and the other end attached to the linkage component.

7. An industrial boiler waste heat recovery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage component includes a gear rail (1501) slidably connected to the waste heat recovery device and a mating buckle (1502) installed on the gear rail (1501). The airbag (1402) fits into the mating buckle (1502). A return spring is installed on the gear rail (1501) along its sliding direction. When the airbag (1402) inflates, it pushes the gear rail (1501) to one side; when the airbag (1402) deflates, the return spring drives the gear rail (1501) to the other side. The second transmission assembly includes a linkage gear (1601) mounted on the front valve (31). The linkage gear (1601) meshes with the gear rail (1501). When the gear rail (1501) moves, it drives the opening of the front valve (31) to increase or decrease through the linkage gear (1601).

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