Electrode structure and battery
By using insulating components and isolation layers with different melting points in the electrode structure, the short circuit problem caused by abnormal battery heating was solved, achieving dual protection of the electrode structure and improving safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN BAK POWER BATTERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
When a battery overheats abnormally, the insulating rings on the electrodes may melt, causing a short circuit between the positive and negative terminals and posing a safety risk.
Design an electrode structure in which the isolation component includes an insulator and an isolation layer with different melting points. The insulator melts first when the temperature rises to prevent short circuits, while the isolation layer still maintains its isolation function.
The electrode structure achieves dual protection to avoid short circuits, reduce thermal runaway chain reactions, and improve safety performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224264058U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to an electrode structure and a battery. Background Technology
[0002] A battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, and it is widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields. When a battery experiences abnormal conditions such as uncontrolled overheating, the internal temperature of the battery may rise, causing the insulating rings of the electrodes to melt. This can lead to a short circuit between the positive and negative terminals of the battery, triggering a chain reaction inside the battery, which poses certain safety risks. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an electrode structure and battery that, when abnormal heating causes the temperature to rise, one of the insulating components or isolation layers reaches its melting point and melts. At this time, the other insulating component or isolation layer can still play an isolation role, preventing short circuits between the electrode components and electrical connectors.
[0004] A first aspect of this utility model provides an electrode structure, the electrode structure comprising:
[0005] Electrode component, wherein the electrode component defines a first limiting groove;
[0006] Electrical connectors;
[0007] An isolation component is sleeved on the electrode and engaged with the first limiting groove, and the isolation component abuts against the electrode and the electrical connector;
[0008] The isolation component includes an insulating element and an isolation layer, the isolation layer isolating the insulating element and the electrode element, the insulating element and the isolation layer having different melting points.
[0009] In one possible embodiment of this utility model, the melting point of the insulating element is Q1, and the melting point of the insulating layer is Q2, satisfying: Q1 < Q2.
[0010] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the side of the insulating member opposite to the electrode member defines a second limiting groove, and the electrical connector engages with the second limiting groove.
[0011] In one possible embodiment of this utility model, the second limiting groove is located within the first limiting groove.
[0012] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the insulating member includes a first insulating ring and a second insulating ring, the first insulating ring and the second insulating ring defining the second limiting groove.
[0013] In one possible embodiment of this utility model, both the first insulating ring and the second insulating ring are sleeved on the electrode.
[0014] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the insulating element further includes a sealing ring, and the second insulating ring abuts between the first insulating ring and the sealing ring.
[0015] In one possible embodiment of this invention, the width of the second insulating ring is greater than or equal to the width of the sealing ring.
[0016] In one possible embodiment of this utility model, the isolation layer is a micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer, which is disposed on the surface of the electrode.
[0017] A second aspect of this invention provides a battery comprising the electrode structure described in any of the above embodiments.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The electrode structure and battery provided by this utility model have an isolation component sleeved in the first limiting groove of the electrode component, so that the isolation component is assembled and positioned through the first limiting groove of the electrode component, avoiding the effect of electrical contact due to the offset or misalignment of the isolation component, ensuring the isolation effect between the electrode component and the electrical connector. The insulating component and the isolation layer have different melting points, so that when abnormal heating causes the temperature to rise, one of the insulating component or the isolation layer reaches the melting point and melts. At this time, the other insulating component or isolation layer can still play an isolation role, preventing short circuits between the electrode component and the electrical connector, thereby achieving the purpose of dual protection for the electrode structure. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the battery structure provided in some embodiments of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ;
[0022] Figure 3 It shows Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 ;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure provided in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 .
[0025] Explanation of key component symbols;
[0026] 100 - Electrode structure; 110 - Electrode component; 111 - First limiting groove; 120 - Electrical connector; 130 - Isolation assembly; 131 - Insulating component; 1311 - Second limiting groove; 1312 - First insulating ring; 1313 - Second insulating ring; 1314 - Sealing ring; 132 - Isolation layer; 200 - Battery; X - First direction. Detailed Implementation
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0031] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0033] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, outlines some embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.
[0034] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an electrode structure 100, which includes an electrode component 110, an electrical connector 120, and an isolation component 130. The electrode component 110 defines a first limiting groove 111. The isolation component 130 is sleeved on the electrode component 110, and the isolation component 130 is engaged with the first limiting groove 111. The isolation component 130 abuts against the electrode component 110 and the electrical connector 120. The isolation component 130 is sleeved in the first limiting groove 111 of the electrode component 110, so that the isolation component 130 is assembled and positioned through the first limiting groove 111 of the electrode component 110, avoiding the effect of electrical contact due to the offset or misalignment of the isolation component 130, and ensuring the isolation effect between the electrode component 110 and the electrical connector 120.
[0035] In this embodiment, the isolation component 130 includes an insulating element 131 and an isolation layer 132. The isolation layer 132 isolates the insulating element 131 and the electrode element 110. The insulating element 131 and the isolation layer 132 have different melting points. Accordingly, the insulating element 131 and the isolation layer 132 have different melting points so that when abnormal heating causes the temperature to rise, one of the insulating element 131 or the isolation layer 132 reaches its melting point and melts. At this time, the other insulating element 131 or the isolation layer 132 can still play an isolation role to prevent a short circuit between the electrode element 110 and the electrical connector 120.
[0036] It is understood that the electrode component 110 includes a positive electrode component 110 and a negative electrode component 110. The positive electrode component 110 and the negative electrode component 110 are electrically connected through an electrical connector 120. The isolation component 130 is used to isolate and insulate the positive electrode component 110 and the negative electrode component 110 to prevent short circuits. The insulating part of the electrode structure 100 may melt or break under high temperature and high pressure conditions, causing short circuits or short-circuit in the electrode structure 100. When a short circuit occurs in the electrode structure 100, the local temperature can reach 300-800℃, triggering a thermal runaway chain reaction. The voltage at the battery 200 terminal drops to 0V within 1-5 seconds, causing a system power failure. The local high temperature causes the active material (such as the graphite negative electrode) to oxidize and expand, causing the electrode sheet to warp or break, thus damaging the structure of the electrode structure 100 and endangering human health and the safety of the surrounding environment.
[0037] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the electrode structure 100 has a first direction X. For example, the first direction X can be defined as the height direction of the electrode structure 100, such as the height direction of the battery 200. It is understood that the above definitions are only for ease of understanding the relative positional relationships of the parts in the electrode structure 100 and should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0038] Optionally, the melting point of the insulating component 131 is Q1, and the melting point of the insulating layer 132 is Q2, satisfying: Q1 < Q2, that is, the melting point Q1 of the insulating component 131 is less than the melting point Q2 of the insulating layer 132. When the battery 200 experiences abnormal heating, the temperature of the electrode structure 100 reaches the melting point Q1 of the insulating component 131, and the insulating component 131 melts, but does not reach the melting point Q2 of the insulating layer 132. The insulating layer 132 can still play an insulating role, preventing a short circuit between the electrode component 110 and the electrical connector 120.
[0039] In one embodiment, alternatively, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the insulating component 131 includes a first insulating ring 1312 and a second insulating ring 1313. The first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 define the second limiting groove 1311. In other words, the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are easy to assemble in the first limiting groove 1311. The shape and structure of the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are conducive to processing and manufacturing, reducing manufacturing costs. The first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 together define the second limiting groove 1311.
[0040] Optionally, refer to Figure 3As shown, the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are both sleeved on the electrode 110, that is, the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are both annular structures, so that the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 can be sequentially sleeved on the electrode 110 to achieve insulation and isolation of a part of the electrode 110, and prevent short circuits from occurring in the part of the electrode 110 that is in direct contact with the electrical connector 120.
[0041] Optionally, the insulating layer 132 is a micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer, which is disposed on the surface of the electrode 110. In other words, the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer has a high melting point of about 1800°C, while the decomposition temperature of the insulating component 131 is 300°C. When the battery 200 experiences abnormal heating and the insulating component 131 decomposes, the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer can provide better insulation protection, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway chain reactions caused by the battery 200 and improving the safety performance of the electrode structure 100.
[0042] In summary, the isolation component 130 of the electrode structure 100 is sleeved on the first limiting groove 111 of the electrode component 110, so that the isolation component 130 is assembled and positioned through the first limiting groove 111 of the electrode component 110. This avoids the offset or misalignment of the isolation component 130 from affecting the electrical contact effect and ensures the isolation effect between the electrode component 110 and the electrical connector 120. The insulating component 131 and the isolation layer 132 have different melting points, so that when abnormal heating causes the temperature to rise, one of the insulating component 131 or the isolation layer 132 reaches the melting point and melts. At this time, the other insulating component 131 or the isolation layer 132 can still play an isolation role, preventing short circuits between the electrode component 110 and the electrical connector 120, thereby achieving the purpose of dual protection for the electrode structure 100.
[0043] refer to Figures 1 to 3As shown, an embodiment of this application provides another electrode structure 100, which includes an electrode element 110, an electrical connector 120, and an isolation component 130. The electrode element 110 defines a first limiting groove 111. The isolation component 130 is sleeved on the electrode element 110, and the isolation component 130 is engaged with the first limiting groove 111. The isolation component 130 abuts against the electrode element 110 and the electrical connector 120. The isolation component 130 includes an insulating element 131 and an isolation layer 132. The isolation layer 132 isolates the insulating element 131 and the electrode element 110. The insulating element 131 and the isolation layer 132 have different melting points. Accordingly, the isolation component 130 is sleeved on the first limiting groove 111 of the electrode element 110, so that the isolation component 130 is assembled and positioned through the first limiting groove 111 of the electrode element 110. This avoids the offset or misalignment of the isolation component 130 from affecting the electrical contact effect and ensures the isolation effect between the electrode element 110 and the electrical connector 120. The insulating element 131 and the isolation layer 132 have different melting points so that when abnormal heating causes the temperature to rise, either the insulating element 131 or the isolation layer 132 will reach its melting point and melt. At this time, the other insulating element 131 or the isolation layer 132 can still play an isolation role to prevent short circuits between the electrode element 110 and the electrical connector 120.
[0044] In one embodiment, optionally, the melting point of the insulating element 131 is Q1, and the melting point of the insulating layer 132 is Q2, satisfying: Q1 < Q2, that is, the melting point Q1 of the insulating element 131 is less than the melting point Q2 of the insulating layer 132. When the battery 200 experiences abnormal heating, the temperature of the electrode structure 100 reaches the melting point Q1 of the insulating element 131, and the insulating element 131 melts, but does not reach the melting point Q2 of the insulating layer 132. The insulating layer 132 can still play an insulating role, preventing a short circuit between the electrode element 110 and the electrical connector 120.
[0045] In one embodiment, alternatively, referencing Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the insulating member 131 defines a second limiting groove 1311 on the side opposite to the electrode member 110. The electrical connector 120 is engaged with the second limiting groove 1311. The second limiting groove 1311 of the insulating member 131 limits and fixes the electrical connector 120, so that the insulating member 131 isolates the electrical connector 120 and the electrode member 110.
[0046] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the second limiting groove 1311 is located within the first limiting groove 111, and the insulating member 131 is installed within the first limiting groove 111. The second limiting groove 1311 of the insulating member 131 is located within the first limiting groove 111, giving the insulating member 131 a better sealing effect. For example, both the second limiting groove 1311 and the first limiting groove 111 are annular structures.
[0047] In one embodiment, alternatively, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the insulating component 131 includes a first insulating ring 1312 and a second insulating ring 1313. The first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 define a second limiting groove 1311. In other words, the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are easy to assemble in the first limiting groove 1311. The shape and structure of the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are conducive to processing and manufacturing, reducing manufacturing costs. The first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 together define the second limiting groove 1311.
[0048] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 As shown, both the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are sleeved on the electrode component 110, meaning that both the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are annular structures. This allows the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 to be sequentially sleeved on the electrode component 110, providing insulation and isolation to a portion of the electrode component 110 and preventing short circuits at the point of direct contact between the electrode component 110 and the electrical connector 120. For example, the first insulating ring 1312 and the second insulating ring 1313 are made of plastic material, such as PP (polypropylene) or PFA (perfluoroalkoxyalkane), which has good chemical resistance and insulation properties.
[0049] In one embodiment, alternatively, such as Figure 3 As shown, the insulating component 131 also includes a sealing ring 1314. The second insulating ring 1313 abuts between the first insulating ring 1312 and the sealing ring 1314. Correspondingly, when there is an assembly gap between the second insulating ring 1313 and the first insulating ring 1312 installed in the first limiting groove 111, the sealing ring 1314 can fill the assembly gap, reduce the insulation gap, and improve the sealing performance of the insulating component 131.
[0050] Optionally, the width of the second insulating ring 1313 is greater than or equal to the width of the sealing ring 1314, so that the second insulating ring 1313 completely covers the outer edge of the sealing ring 1314, preventing the sealing ring 1314 from overflowing due to thermal expansion or pressure, thus forming a continuous insulating barrier. On the other hand, it prevents sealing failure and reduces the possibility of insulation breakdown when the second insulating ring 1313 melts. Furthermore, the material of the second insulating ring 1313 has the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the material of the sealing ring 1314, preventing interface stress between them when the temperature fluctuates.
[0051] Optionally, the isolation layer 132 is a micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer, which is disposed on the surface of the electrode 110. In other words, the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer has a high melting point of about 1800°C, and the decomposition temperature of the insulating component 131 is 300°C. When the battery 200 experiences abnormal heating and the insulating component 131 decomposes, the micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer can provide better insulation protection, reducing the possibility of thermal runaway chain reaction caused by the battery 200.
[0052] An embodiment of this utility model also provides a battery 200, which includes the electrode structure 100 in the above embodiments. The battery 200 including the electrode structure 100 has all the beneficial effects of the battery 200, which will not be described in detail here.
[0053] In all examples shown and described herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations; therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
[0054] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An electrode structure, characterized in that, include: Electrode component, wherein the electrode component defines a first limiting groove; Electrical connectors; An isolation component is sleeved on the electrode and engaged with the first limiting groove, and the isolation component abuts against the electrode and the electrical connector; The isolation component includes an insulating element and an isolation layer, the isolation layer isolating the insulating element and the electrode element, the insulating element and the isolation layer having different melting points.
2. The electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The melting point of the insulating component is Q1, and the melting point of the insulating layer is Q2, satisfying the condition: Q1 < Q2.
3. The electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating member defines a second limiting groove on the side opposite to the electrode member, and the electrical connector engages with the second limiting groove.
4. The electrode structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second limiting groove is located within the first limiting groove.
5. The electrode structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The insulating component includes a first insulating ring and a second insulating ring, which define the second limiting groove.
6. The electrode structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first insulating ring and the second insulating ring are sleeved on the electrode.
7. The electrode structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The insulating component further includes a sealing ring, with the second insulating ring abutting between the first insulating ring and the sealing ring.
8. The electrode structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The width of the second insulating ring is greater than or equal to the width of the sealing ring.
9. The electrode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The isolation layer is a micro-arc oxidation ceramic layer, which is disposed on the surface of the electrode.
10. A battery, characterized in that, Includes the electrode structure described in any one of claims 1 to 9.