Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery pack comprises a battery box, a battery module, a temperature adjusting assembly and a phase change heat storage assembly, and the battery box is provided with a mounting cavity; the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cells arranged in the mounting cavity; the temperature adjusting assembly is mounted in the mounting cavity, and the temperature adjusting assembly is used for cooling or heating the plurality of battery cells; the phase change heat storage assembly is arranged in the mounting cavity, the phase change heat storage assembly is in contact with the outer surfaces of at least part of the battery cells, and the phase change heat storage assembly is used for absorbing heat of the battery cells, or the phase change heat storage assembly is used for releasing latent heat to the battery cells. According to the embodiment of the invention, the battery module and the temperature adjusting assembly are arranged in the mounting cavity of the battery box, and the temperature adjusting assembly is used for cooling or heating the plurality of battery cells of the battery module, so that the stability of the battery cells is improved. Meanwhile, the heat of the battery cell is absorbed through the phase change heat storage assembly, so that the temperature of the battery cell is quickly reduced, the temperature of each part of the battery cell is more balanced, and the service life of the battery cell is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, as the charging and discharging power of battery packs increases, the heat generated during the charging and discharging process also increases, which can easily lead to large temperature differences in different parts of the battery cells within the battery pack, thus affecting the lifespan of the battery cells. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of this application provide a battery pack and a vehicle, which can improve the technical problem that the large temperature difference between different parts of the battery cells during the charging and discharging process affects the service life of the battery cells.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack, comprising:

[0005] Battery box with mounting cavity;

[0006] A battery module, comprising multiple battery cells disposed within the mounting cavity;

[0007] A temperature regulating component is installed inside the mounting cavity, and the temperature regulating component is used to cool or heat the plurality of battery cells;

[0008] A phase change heat storage component is disposed within the mounting cavity. The phase change heat storage component is in contact with at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery cell. The phase change heat storage component is used to absorb heat from the battery cell, or to release latent heat to the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, one end of each of the plurality of battery cells is in contact with the temperature regulation component, and the other end of each of the plurality of battery cells is in contact with the phase change heat storage component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the phase change heat storage assembly includes a first phase change heat storage section, the first phase change heat storage section being in contact with an end face of one end of the battery cell; and / or,

[0011] The phase change heat storage assembly includes a second phase change heat storage section, which is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the battery cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second phase change heat storage unit is located on the side of the first phase change heat storage unit facing the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first phase change heat storage portion in the vertical direction of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1 mm; and / or,

[0014] The thickness of the second phase change heat storage part in the vertical direction of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a foam filling between the plurality of cells, the foam being located between the phase change thermal storage component and the temperature regulation component.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first phase change heat storage unit and the second phase change heat storage unit are connected, and the second phase change heat storage unit extends from the first phase change heat storage unit to the foam.

[0017] In some embodiments, both the first phase change heat storage unit and the second phase change heat storage unit include a receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat.

[0018] The mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the first phase change heat storage unit is greater than the mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the second phase change heat storage unit; and / or,

[0019] The total volume of the accommodating cavity of the first phase change heat storage unit is greater than the total volume of the accommodating cavity of the second phase change heat storage unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the battery box includes a box body and a box cover, the box body and the box cover enclosing the mounting cavity; the side of the phase change thermal storage assembly away from the plurality of battery cells contacts the surface of the box cover facing the mounting cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a busbar electrically connected to the same end of the plurality of cells, and the phase change thermal storage assembly is in contact with the busbar.

[0022] In some embodiments, the phase change thermal storage assembly covers the busbar.

[0023] In some embodiments, the phase change thermal storage assembly includes a receiving cavity for accommodating a first phase change structure, the first phase change structure being used to absorb or release latent heat; the phase change structure accounts for more than or equal to 60% of the mass of the phase change thermal storage assembly.

[0024] In some embodiments, the phase change thermal storage assembly includes a gel structure and a first phase change structure, the gel structure including a receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, the first phase change structure being used to absorb or release latent heat; or...

[0025] The phase change thermal storage component includes a phase change material, an organic polymer monomer, a chemical crosslinking agent, and a photoinitiator; or...

[0026] The first phase change structure includes organic phase change materials and / or inorganic hydrated salt phase change materials.

[0027] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the battery box is provided with an insulation layer, and a second phase change structure is provided inside the insulation layer. The second phase change structure is used to absorb heat or release latent heat.

[0028] In some embodiments, the phase change heat storage component is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat; the mass ratio of the second phase change structure of the insulation layer is less than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change heat storage component.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle including a battery pack as described above, the battery pack comprising:

[0030] Battery box with mounting cavity;

[0031] A battery module, comprising multiple battery cells disposed within the mounting cavity;

[0032] A temperature regulating component is installed inside the mounting cavity, and the temperature regulating component is used to cool or heat the plurality of battery cells;

[0033] A phase change heat storage component is disposed within the mounting cavity. The phase change heat storage component is in contact with at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery cell. The phase change heat storage component is used to absorb heat from the battery cell, or to release latent heat to the battery cell.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0035] The battery pack provided in this application improves cell stability by arranging battery modules and a temperature regulation component within the mounting cavity of the battery box, and by using the temperature regulation component to cool or heat multiple cells of the battery module. Furthermore, a phase change heat storage component is installed within the battery box to absorb and store the heat from the battery modules' cells, rapidly reducing cell temperature and resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution across the cells, thus extending their lifespan. Additionally, when the cell temperature drops to a certain level (e.g., below the phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage component), the component releases latent heat to heat the cell, maintaining its temperature for a longer period. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the battery pack;

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery cell;

[0042] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery cell;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a partial view of a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application, wherein the cutting plane is parallel to the vertical direction of the battery cell.

[0045] Battery pack 1; battery box 10; box body 11; box cover 12; mounting cavity 101; battery module 20; battery cell 21; temperature regulation component 30; liquid cooling plate 31; thermally conductive adhesive 32; phase change heat storage component 40; first phase change heat storage part 41; second phase change heat storage part 42; busbar 50; foam adhesive 60; insulation layer 80. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0047] This application provides a battery pack and a vehicle.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the battery pack provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery pack. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of point A in the middle. (See image below.) Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the battery pack 1 includes a battery case 10, a battery module 20, and a temperature regulation component 30. The battery case 10 has a mounting cavity 101. The battery module 20 and the temperature regulation component 30 are installed in the mounting cavity 101 of the battery case 10. The temperature regulation component 30 is used to cool or heat the battery module 20 to regulate its temperature and keep it stable, thereby ensuring stable performance of the battery module 20. The temperature regulation component 30 can absorb heat from the battery module 20 to cool it down. When the ambient temperature of the battery pack 1 is low, the temperature regulation component 30 can also heat the battery module 20 to increase its temperature.

[0049] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the battery module 20 may include a plurality of battery cells 21 disposed within the mounting cavity 101 of the battery case 10. All the battery cells 21 are disposed within the mounting cavity 101 of the battery case 10. The battery cells 21 may be cylindrical, hexagonal, square, or other shaped cells.

[0050] The temperature regulation component 30 is used to cool or heat the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20. Thermally conductive adhesive 32 or thermally conductive silicone grease can be applied between the temperature regulation component 30 and the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 to allow for thermal or cold contact, facilitating heat exchange between them.

[0051] Alternatively, the temperature regulation component 30 can be directly contacted with the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20, as long as heat can be quickly transferred between the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 and the temperature regulation component 30.

[0052] It should be noted that one end of each of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20 can be in contact with the temperature regulation component 30. Specifically, the temperature regulation component 30 includes a liquid cooling plate 31. The end face of one end of each of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20 is in contact with one side of the liquid cooling plate 31.

[0053] Alternatively, the outer peripheral surfaces of multiple battery cells 21 can be made to contact the temperature regulating assembly 30 respectively. Specifically, the temperature regulating assembly 30 includes a liquid cooling plate 31. The liquid cooling plate 31 passes through the gap between adjacent battery cells 21 and contacts the outer peripheral surface of the battery cells 21. Alternatively, the liquid cooling plate 31 is located on the periphery of the battery module 20, and the liquid cooling plate 31 contacts the outer peripheral surfaces of multiple battery cells 21 in the battery module 20 that are close to the liquid cooling plate 31.

[0054] The battery pack 1 also includes a busbar 50, which is connected to multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 to connect the multiple battery cells 21 in parallel and / or in series. The busbar 50 can be electrically connected to the same end of the multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 to facilitate its installation. Specifically, one end face of each of the multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 contacts the temperature regulation component 30, and the other end of each of the multiple battery cells 21 of the battery module 20 is electrically connected to the busbar 50.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the battery pack 1 may also include a phase change heat storage component 40, which is disposed within the mounting cavity 101 and contacts at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery cell 21. The phase change heat storage component 40 is used to absorb heat from the battery cell 21 to cool the battery cell 21 and store the heat. Alternatively, the phase change heat storage component 40 can be used to release latent heat to the battery cell 21 to heat the battery cell 21.

[0056] The battery pack 1 provided in this application embodiment arranges a battery module 20 and a temperature regulation component 30 within the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10. The temperature regulation component 30 cools or heats multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20, keeping the cells 21 at a suitable temperature to improve the operational stability of the cells 21. Furthermore, a phase change heat storage component 40 is arranged within the battery box 10, contacting at least some of the outer surfaces of the cells 21 of the battery module 20. This allows the phase change heat storage component 40 to absorb and store the heat from the cells 21, rapidly reducing the temperature of the cells 21 and making the temperature of each part of the cells 21 more uniform, which is beneficial for improving the service life of the cells 21.

[0057] In addition, when the temperature of the cell 21 drops to a certain temperature (for example, when the temperature of the cell 21 drops below the phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage component 40), the phase change heat storage component 40 can release the stored latent heat to heat the cell 21 and maintain the temperature of the cell 21 for a longer period of time.

[0058] It should be noted that a first phase change structure made of phase change material is provided inside the phase change heat storage component 40 so that the phase change heat storage component 40 can quickly absorb and store a large amount of heat, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the battery cell 21. Moreover, when the temperature of the battery cell 21 is low, the phase change heat storage component 40 can release a large amount of heat to continuously heat the battery cell 21, allowing the battery cell 21 to maintain a suitable temperature for a longer period of time.

[0059] Alternatively, the phase change heat storage component 40 can be in contact with the outer surface of a portion of the multiple battery cells 21, or it can be in contact with the outer surface of each battery cell 21. The latter, of course, is beneficial for further reducing the temperature difference of the battery cells 21.

[0060] In some embodiments, one end of each of the multiple battery cells 21 may be in contact with the temperature regulating component 30, and the other end of each of the multiple battery cells 21 may be in contact with the phase change heat storage component 40, thereby further reducing the temperature difference between different parts of the battery cells 21.

[0061] Understandably, since one end of each of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20 is in contact with the temperature regulating component 30, when the temperature regulating component 30 cools down the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20, the end of the multiple cells 21 closer to the temperature regulating component 30 cools down faster than the other end. By having the other ends of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20 contact the phase change heat storage component 40, the phase change heat storage component 40 can quickly absorb the heat from the other ends of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20, thereby increasing the cooling rate of the other ends of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20. This results in both ends of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20 having a faster cooling rate, which is beneficial for improving the temperature uniformity of the multiple cells 21.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the phase change heat storage component 40 may include a first phase change heat storage part 41, which is in contact with the end face of the cell 21 away from the temperature regulation component 30.

[0063] It is understandable that one end of each of the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20 is in contact with the temperature regulating component 30. When the temperature regulating component 30 cools down the multiple cells 21 in the battery module 20, the end of the multiple cells 21 that is closer to the temperature regulating component 30 cools down faster than the other end, and the end face temperature of the end of the cell 21 that is farther away from the temperature regulating component 30 is higher.

[0064] Therefore, by bringing the first phase change heat storage part 41 of the phase change heat storage component 40 into contact with the end face of the end of the cell 21 away from the temperature regulation component 30, the area of ​​the cell 21 with a high temperature can be quickly cooled by heat absorption, thereby rapidly reducing the temperature difference of the cell 21.

[0065] Specifically, the thickness of the first phase change heat storage section 41 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can be greater than or equal to 1 mm, thereby maximizing the number of first phase change structures included in the first phase change heat storage section 41 to increase the heat absorbed by the first phase change heat storage section 41 and enable the first phase change heat storage section 41 to reduce the temperature difference of the battery cell 21 for a longer period of time. The thickness of the first phase change heat storage section 41 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can be 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, etc., and can be determined based on factors such as the internal structure of the battery pack 1, the material of the first phase change heat storage section 41, and the content of the phase change material.

[0066] It should be noted that the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 is the distribution direction of the battery pack 1's cover 12 and battery module 20.

[0067] Specifically, the first phase change heat storage section 41 is laid on the side of the battery cell 21 away from the temperature regulation component 30, and the first phase change heat storage section 41 is in contact with the end face of each battery cell 21 away from the temperature regulation component 30. The thickness of the first phase change heat storage section 41 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 is 2mm.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the phase change heat storage assembly 40 can include a second phase change heat storage section 42, which is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the battery cell 21. This allows for full utilization of the gaps between the battery cells 21 in the battery module 20, reducing the temperature difference between the cells 21 while improving the internal structural compactness of the battery pack 1.

[0069] Specifically, the thickness of the second phase change heat storage section 42 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can be greater than or equal to 1 mm, thereby maximizing the amount of phase change material contained in the second phase change heat storage section 42. This increases the heat absorbed and stored by the second phase change heat storage section 42, enabling it to reduce the temperature difference of the battery cell 21 for a longer period of time. The thickness of the second phase change heat storage section 42 in the vertical direction of the battery cell 21 can be 5 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 50 mm, etc., and can be determined based on factors such as the internal structure of the battery pack 1, the material of the second phase change heat storage section 42, and the content of the first phase change structure.

[0070] Specifically, the battery module 20 has multiple cylindrical cells 21. These cells 21 are spaced apart within the mounting cavity 101 of the battery pack 10. The second phase change heat storage section 42 is located on the side of the first phase change heat storage section 41 facing the temperature regulation assembly 30. The second phase change heat storage section 42 fills the gaps between the multiple cells 21 and contacts the outer peripheral surfaces of the cells 21. The thickness of the second phase change heat storage section 42 along the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 is 10 mm.

[0071] In some embodiments, the maximum thickness of the second phase change heat storage part 42 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can be 120 mm, that is, the maximum thickness of the second phase change heat storage part 42 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 is less than or equal to 120 mm, so as to maximize the volume of the second phase change heat storage part 42.

[0072] Specifically, the thickness of the second phase change heat storage part 42 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can be made to be equivalent to the height of the battery cell 21. In this way, the second phase change heat storage part 42 can fill between the battery cells 21 and position the battery cells 21, thereby replacing the function of the foam 60.

[0073] It should be noted that the thickness of the second phase change heat storage section 42 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can be adjusted between 1mm and 120mm, depending on the height of the battery cell 21 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1, and whether there is foam 60 between the battery cells 21. When the height of the battery cell 21 is greater than 120mm, the thickness of the second phase change heat storage section 42 in the vertical direction of the battery pack 1 can also be greater than 120mm.

[0074] It should be noted that, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the phase change heat storage assembly 40 can simultaneously include a first phase change heat storage section 41 and a second phase change heat storage section 42, or, as... Figure 7 As shown, the phase change heat storage assembly 40 includes only the first phase change heat storage section 41, or, as... Figure 4 As shown, the phase change heat storage component 40 includes only the second phase change heat storage section 42. Of course, the former can further improve the heat absorption efficiency and heat storage capacity of the phase change heat storage component 40.

[0075] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, when the phase change heat storage assembly 40 includes a first phase change heat storage part 41 and a second phase change heat storage part 42, the second phase change heat storage part 42 of the phase change heat storage assembly 40 can be located on the side of the first phase change heat storage part 41 facing the cell 21, so that the first phase change heat storage part 41 can contact the end face of one end of the cell 21, and the second phase change heat storage part 42 can contact the outer peripheral surface of the cell 21.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first phase change heat storage unit 41 may include a receiving cavity for accommodating a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat. Similarly, the second phase change heat storage unit 42 may include a receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure.

[0077] The cavities of the first phase change heat storage unit 41 and the second phase change heat storage unit 42 can be pre-formed cavities. The phase change material is filled into the cavities by means of vacuum adsorption, injection, etc., to form the first phase change structure. Alternatively, the phase change material can be mixed with other materials, and after the phase change material and other materials solidify, the first phase change structure and the cavity accommodating the first phase change structure are formed.

[0078] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change heat storage component 40 can be greater than or equal to 60%, thereby giving the phase change heat storage component 40 higher heat absorption efficiency and heat absorption capacity. It should be noted that the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change heat storage component 40 can be 65%, 70%, 80%, etc., depending on the heat absorption efficiency and heat absorption capacity of the phase change heat storage component 40 for the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20.

[0079] It should be noted that the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the phase change heat storage component 40 is the ratio of the mass of the first phase change structure to the total mass of the phase change heat storage component 40.

[0080] Specifically, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the first phase change heat storage section 41 of the phase change heat storage assembly 40 can be greater than or equal to 60%. Additionally, the mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the second phase change heat storage section 42 of the phase change heat storage assembly 40 can be greater than or equal to 60%.

[0081] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the first phase change heat storage unit 41 can be greater than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the second phase change heat storage unit 42, thereby further improving the heat absorption effect of the phase change heat storage component 40 on the cell 21.

[0082] Understandably, when the temperature regulating component 30 cools down the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20, the farther the cell 21 is from the temperature regulating component 30, the slower the temperature decreases. Conversely, the closer the cell 21 is to the first phase change heat storage unit 41, the higher the temperature.

[0083] By making the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the first phase change heat storage unit 41 greater than that in the second phase change heat storage unit 42, the first phase change heat storage unit 41 can absorb heat faster and store more heat. This allows the first phase change heat storage unit 41 to quickly absorb and cool the end face of the cell 21 with the highest temperature. This makes the heat absorption efficiency of the phase change heat storage component 40 match the temperature of the cell 21. While effectively reducing the temperature difference of the cell 21, the mass of the first phase change structure is reduced as much as possible, which helps to reduce the cost of the phase change heat storage component 40.

[0084] Of course, the total volume ratio of the accommodating cavity of the first phase change heat storage section 41 can be greater than the total volume ratio of the accommodating cavity of the second phase change heat storage section 42, so that the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the first phase change heat storage section 41 is greater than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the second phase change heat storage section 42.

[0085] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the phase change heat storage component 40 can be brought into contact with the busbar 50. Therefore, the phase change heat storage component 40 can quickly absorb heat from the busbar 50 to rapidly cool it, preventing heat transfer from the busbar 50 to the end of the battery cell 21 near the busbar 50, thus avoiding an excessively large temperature difference between the end of the battery cell 21 near the busbar 50 and the end of the battery cell 21 away from the busbar 50.

[0086] Among them, such as Figure 8 As shown, the phase change heat storage component 40 can cover the busbar 50, thereby increasing the contact area between the phase change heat storage component 40 and the busbar 50, enabling the phase change heat storage component 40 to absorb heat from the busbar 50 more quickly. Furthermore, the phase change heat storage component 40 can also isolate the busbar 50 from other conductive structures, improving the safety performance of the busbar 50 and reducing the risk of short circuits.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the battery pack 1 also includes a foam 60 filled between multiple battery cells 21, with the foam 60 located between the phase change heat storage component 40 and the temperature regulation component 30. This maximizes the distance between the phase change heat storage component 40 and the temperature regulation component 30, enabling them to cool both ends of the multiple battery cells 21 in the battery module 20 respectively, and minimizing the temperature difference between the two ends of each battery cell 21.

[0088] Specifically, the first phase change heat storage unit 41 and the second phase change heat storage unit 42 are connected, and the second phase change heat storage unit 42 extends from the first phase change heat storage unit 41 to the expanding foam 60. This allows full utilization of the space on the side of the expanding foam 60 away from the temperature regulation component 30, maximizing the volume of the phase change heat storage component 40 without increasing the volume of the battery box 10, thereby increasing the upper limit of heat absorption by the phase change heat storage component 40 from the battery cell 21.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery box 10 includes a box body 11 and a box cover 12, which together form a mounting cavity 101. In some embodiments, such as Figure 8As shown, the side of the phase change heat storage component 40 facing away from the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 can be in contact with the surface of the cover 12 facing the mounting cavity 101. Therefore, the phase change heat storage component 40 can fill the space between the multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 and the cover 12 as much as possible, thereby maximizing the volume of the phase change heat storage component 40 and improving its heat absorption efficiency and heat storage capacity for the multiple cells of the battery module 20.

[0090] In some embodiments, the phase change heat storage component 40 can be made of a phase change gel material to facilitate its formation. It is understood that by using a phase change gel material for the phase change heat storage component 40, the mixture of phase change gel materials can be melted at high temperature and then injected into the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10. Once the mixture solidifies, the phase change heat storage component 40 is formed, thus facilitating its formation. Furthermore, it allows for a tighter fit between the phase change heat storage component 40 and the outer surface of the battery cell 21, which is beneficial for improving the thermal contact stability between the phase change heat storage component 40 and the outer surface of the battery cell 21.

[0091] In some embodiments, the phase change thermal storage assembly 40 includes a gel structure and a first phase change structure, the gel structure including a receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure. The gel material and the phase change material can be mixed, and after the mixture solidifies, the gel material forms the gel structure, and the phase change material forms the first phase change structure.

[0092] In some embodiments, the phase change thermal storage component 40 may include a phase change material, an organic polymer monomer, a chemical crosslinking agent, and a photoinitiator. This allows the mixture of the phase change material, organic polymer monomer, chemical crosslinking agent, and photoinitiator to be melted at 55°C and injected into the gaps between the battery cells 21, and the space between the battery cells 21 and the temperature regulating component 30, before being solidified under ultraviolet light to form the phase change thermal storage component 40.

[0093] In other embodiments, the first phase change structure may also include organic phase change materials and / or inorganic hydrated salt phase change materials to improve the insulation and / or flame retardancy of the first phase change structure.

[0094] It should be noted that the first phase change structure may consist only of organic phase change materials to give the phase change heat storage component 40 better insulation performance. Alternatively, the first phase change structure may also include inorganic hydrated salt phase change materials, giving the phase change heat storage component 40 better flame retardant performance. Of course, the first phase change structure may also include both organic and inorganic hydrated salt phase change materials, thereby giving the phase change heat storage component 40 advantages in both insulation and flame retardancy.

[0095] The table below compares the temperature difference between the battery pack provided in this application embodiment and a battery pack without a phase change heat storage component at different initial water temperatures and flow rates.

[0096]

[0097] As shown in the table above, numbers 1 and 2 are the global maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery cell under two different initial water temperatures and flow rates when the battery pack is not equipped with a phase change heat storage component, and numbers 3 and 4 are the global maximum temperature and maximum temperature difference of the battery cell under two different initial water temperatures and flow rates provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0098] As shown in numbers 1 and 3, when the initial water temperature is 20℃ and the flow rate is 10L / min, the highest global temperature of the battery pack without phase change heat storage components is 58.9℃ and the maximum global temperature difference of the battery pack is 35.3℃. However, the highest global temperature of the battery pack 1 with phase change heat storage components 40 is 55.81℃ and the maximum global temperature difference of the battery pack is 32.23℃. The highest global temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the battery pack 1 decrease by more than 3℃.

[0099] As shown in numbers 2 and 4, when the initial water temperature is 15℃ and the flow rate is 6.25L / min, the highest global cell temperature of the battery pack without phase change heat storage components is 58.5℃ and the maximum global cell temperature difference is 38.8℃. In contrast, the highest global cell temperature of battery pack 1 with phase change heat storage components 40 is 55.56℃ and the maximum global cell temperature difference is 35.96℃. The highest global cell temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the battery pack decrease by nearly 3℃.

[0100] By comparison, it can be seen that the battery pack 1 provided in this application embodiment has a phase change heat storage component 40 that is in thermal contact with the outer surface of the cell 21 inside the battery box 10. This can effectively reduce the global maximum temperature and the global maximum temperature difference of the cell 21 in the battery pack 1, which is beneficial to improving the life of the cell 21 and thus improving the life of the battery pack 1.

[0101] In some embodiments, an insulation layer 80 may be provided on the outer surface of the battery box 10 to improve its insulation performance. A second phase change structure may be provided within the insulation layer 80, which absorbs or releases latent heat. Thus, while the insulation layer 80 insulates the battery box 10, the second phase change structure of the insulation layer 80 can also absorb heat from the battery box 10, thereby reducing the temperature inside the battery box 10. Conversely, when the temperature inside the battery box 10 is low, the second phase change structure of the insulation layer 80 can release heat to heat the battery cells 21 inside the battery box 10.

[0102] The materials of the phase change materials in the second phase change structure and the first phase change structure can be the same or different.

[0103] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the second phase change structure of the insulation layer 80 can be less than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure of the phase change heat storage component 40, so as to effectively reduce the temperature inside the battery box 10 while giving the insulation layer a better heat preservation effect.

[0104] The mass of the second phase change structure in the insulation layer 80 is the ratio of the mass of the second phase change structure in the insulation layer 80 to the total mass of the insulation layer 80.

[0105] It is understandable that since the heat generated by the battery cell 21 is absorbed by the phase change heat storage component 40 inside the battery box 10, only a portion of the heat is transferred to the battery box 10. By setting a smaller number of second phase change structures in the insulation layer 80, the heat absorption requirements of the battery box 10 can be met. Therefore, by making the mass ratio of the second phase change structure in the insulation layer 80 smaller than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the phase change heat storage component 40, the heat absorption efficiency of the insulation layer 80 and the phase change heat storage component 40 can be matched with the temperatures of the battery cell 21 and the battery box 10. This effectively reduces the temperature difference of the battery cell 21 and provides insulation for the battery box 10, while also reducing the cost of the insulation layer.

[0106] This application also provides a vehicle, which includes a battery pack 1. The specific structure of the battery pack 1 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0107] The vehicle provided in this application embodiment has a battery module 20 and a temperature regulation component 30 installed in the mounting cavity 101 of the battery box 10. The temperature regulation component 30 cools or heats multiple cells 21 of the battery module 20 to keep the cells 21 at a suitable temperature, thereby improving the working stability of the cells 21. Furthermore, a phase change heat storage component 40 is installed in the battery box 10, which contacts at least some of the outer surfaces of the cells 21 of the battery module 20. This allows the phase change heat storage component 40 to absorb and store the heat from the cells 21, rapidly reducing the temperature of the cells 21 and making the temperature of each part of the cells 21 more uniform. This is beneficial for improving the service life of the cells 21, and thus improving the service life and safety of the vehicle.

[0108] In addition, when the temperature of the cell 21 drops to a certain temperature (for example, when the temperature of the cell 21 drops below the phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage component 40), the phase change heat storage component 40 can release the stored latent heat to heat the cell 21 and maintain the temperature of the cell 21 for a longer period of time.

[0109] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Battery box with mounting cavity; A battery module, comprising multiple battery cells disposed within the mounting cavity; A temperature regulating component is installed inside the mounting cavity, and the temperature regulating component is used to cool or heat the plurality of battery cells; A phase change heat storage component is disposed within the mounting cavity. The phase change heat storage component is in contact with at least a portion of the outer surface of the battery cell. The phase change heat storage component is used to absorb heat from the battery cell, or to release latent heat to the battery cell.

2. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of each of the plurality of battery cells is in contact with the temperature regulation component, and the other end of each of the plurality of battery cells is in contact with the phase change heat storage component.

3. The battery pack as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change heat storage assembly includes a first phase change heat storage section, which is in contact with one end face of the battery cell; and / or, The phase change heat storage assembly includes a second phase change heat storage section, which is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the battery cell.

4. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The second phase change heat storage unit is located on the side of the first phase change heat storage unit facing the battery cell.

5. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the first phase change heat storage section in the vertical direction of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1 mm; and / or, The thickness of the second phase change heat storage part in the vertical direction of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

6. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a foam filling between the plurality of cells, the foam being located between the phase change heat storage component and the temperature regulation component.

7. The battery pack as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first phase change heat storage unit and the second phase change heat storage unit are connected, and the second phase change heat storage unit extends from the first phase change heat storage unit to the foam.

8. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first phase change heat storage unit and the second phase change heat storage unit include a receiving cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, which is used to absorb heat or release latent heat. The mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the first phase change heat storage unit is greater than the mass percentage of the first phase change structure in the second phase change heat storage unit; and / or, The total volume ratio of the accommodating cavity of the first phase change heat storage unit is greater than that of the total volume ratio of the accommodating cavity of the second phase change heat storage unit.

9. The battery pack as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The battery box includes a box body and a box cover, which together form the mounting cavity; the side of the phase change heat storage component away from the plurality of battery cells is in contact with the surface of the box cover facing the mounting cavity.

10. The battery pack as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a busbar, which is electrically connected to the same end of the plurality of battery cells, and the phase change thermal storage component is in contact with the busbar.

11. The battery pack as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The phase change thermal storage component covers the busbar.

12. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The phase change heat storage component includes a receiving cavity for accommodating a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat; the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the phase change heat storage component is greater than or equal to 60%.

13. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The phase change thermal storage assembly includes a gel structure and a first phase change structure. The gel structure includes a cavity for accommodating the first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat; or... The phase change thermal storage component includes a phase change material, an organic polymer monomer, a chemical crosslinking agent, and a photoinitiator; or... The first phase change structure includes organic phase change materials and / or inorganic hydrated salt phase change materials.

14. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The outer surface of the battery box is provided with a heat insulation layer, and a second phase change structure is provided inside the heat insulation layer. The second phase change structure is used to absorb heat or release latent heat.

15. The battery pack as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that, The phase change heat storage component is provided with a first phase change structure, which is used to absorb or release latent heat; the mass ratio of the second phase change structure in the insulation layer is less than the mass ratio of the first phase change structure in the phase change heat storage component.

16. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 15.

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