Main shaft mounting structure of ultra-precision grinding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a main shaft mounting structure of an ultra-precision grinding machine, which improves the rigidity and the strength of the whole structure so as to ensure the machining precision of the grinding machine, and comprises a beam assembly, a sliding seat and a ram, the beam assembly comprises a pair of cross beams arranged in the Y-axis direction and a pair of longitudinal beams perpendicular to the cross beams. The end parts of the cross beams and the longitudinal beams are connected with each other and define a rectangular structure; the sliding base is arranged in the rectangular structure, the two sides of the sliding base are in sliding fit with the cross beam, and a Y-axis motor used for driving the sliding base to move in the Y-axis direction is arranged. A movable hole is formed in the central axis of the sliding seat; the ram is in sliding fit in the movable hole, and a mounting hole for mounting a main shaft is formed in the central axis of the ram; a pair of Z-axis motors used for driving the ram to move in the Z-axis direction are arranged on the opposite side walls of the movable hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of grinding machine technology, and specifically refers to a spindle mounting structure for an ultra-precision grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] A grinding machine is an important metalworking machine tool, primarily used for precise grinding of workpieces. It utilizes the high-speed rotation of a grinding wheel and the abrasive grains on its surface to remove minute amounts of material from the workpiece surface, achieving the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. Grinding machines are widely used in various industrial fields, such as automobile manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments, and mold making, and are an indispensable piece of equipment in modern manufacturing.

[0003] The grinding wheel of a grinding machine is usually mounted on the spindle and driven by power units on each of the X, Y, Z, and C axes to achieve movement or rotation in the corresponding direction. In the prior art, the guide structure for achieving horizontal (X and Y axis) drive usually only includes a sliding sleeve and a single-sided slide rail. Due to the influence of the weight of the grinding wheel, spindle, and slide itself, it is prone to forward tilting, which affects the machining accuracy of the grinding machine and makes it difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of ultra-precision grinding machines. At the same time, the existing spindle boxes are mostly integrally molded, which cannot solve the problems of the box being easily stretched open after long-span, floating spindle assembly and insufficient box support strength. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a spindle mounting structure for an ultra-precision grinding machine, solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the rigidity and strength of the overall structure, and thus ensure the machining accuracy of the grinding machine.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of this utility model is:

[0006] A spindle mounting structure for an ultra-precision grinding machine includes a beam assembly, a slide, and a ram. The beam assembly includes a pair of crossbeams arranged along the Y-axis and a pair of longitudinal beams perpendicular to the crossbeams. The crossbeams and longitudinal beams are connected at their ends to form a rectangular structure. The slide is disposed within the rectangular structure, with its two sides slidably engaged with the crossbeams, and is equipped with a Y-axis motor for driving the slide to move along the Y-axis. A movable hole is provided along the central axis of the slide. The ram is slidably engaged within the movable hole, and its central axis is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the spindle. A pair of Z-axis motors for driving the ram to move along the Z-axis are provided on the opposite sidewalls of the movable hole.

[0007] Both the crossbeams and longitudinal beams are made of marble.

[0008] Both ends of the crossbeam are provided with positioning steps, and the ends of the longitudinal beam are fitted onto the positioning steps and are connected and fixed by several pairs of bolts and rod nuts.

[0009] Preferably, the rod-shaped nut is inserted through the end side of the longitudinal beam, and the bolt is inserted through the back of the positioning step, exits through the positioning step, and then enters the end face of the longitudinal beam to be threadedly connected to the rod-shaped nut.

[0010] The inner side of the crossbeam protrudes to form a Y-axis guide boss for sliding engagement with the slide block. The upper and lower sides of the slide block opposite to the crossbeam are respectively provided with upper and lower convex edges that slide engagement with the Y-axis guide boss.

[0011] Preferably, the slide block has a mounting groove on its side for mounting the Y-axis motor, and the crossbeam has a Y-axis linear ball bearing guide that mates with the Y-axis motor; the Y-axis motor is a servo lead screw motor.

[0012] Preferably, the side surface of the slide block, the lower surface of the upper convex edge, and the upper surface of the lower convex edge are respectively provided with a side flange, a lower flange, and an upper flange that abut against the surface of the Y-axis guide boss, and each flange side is provided with an oil injection hole.

[0013] Preferably, the side of the crossbeam is provided with an oil receiving groove, which is located below the upper convex edge; the Y-axis guide boss is provided with an oil guiding groove that connects to the oil receiving groove.

[0014] The slide block is provided with Z-axis guide bosses at all four corners; the movable hole is a rectangular hole, and Z-axis flanges are provided at all four corners of the movable hole to abut against the surface of the Z-axis guide bosses. Oil injection holes are provided on the side of the Z-axis flanges.

[0015] The side of the slide is provided with a Z-axis linear ball guide rail that cooperates with the Z-axis motor; a balance cylinder is provided on each side of the movable hole, and the balance cylinder is connected to the connecting part at the upper end of the slide in a transmission manner.

[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0017] The spindle mounting structure of this utility model is decomposed into a beam assembly, a slide block, and a slide ram, no longer an integrated structure. Each component can share the load, resulting in higher structural stability and service life. The crossbeam of the beam assembly serves as the track for the slide block, and the Y-axis and Z-axis motors on the slide block are symmetrical structures, ensuring balanced force on the corresponding components and parts. The slide block, slide ram, and spindle will not skew, which improves structural rigidity, ensures high-speed machining accuracy, and significantly reduces thermal and weight deformation. In particular, the symmetrical Z-axis motor design achieves center-of-gravity drive, eliminating the rotational torque generated during drive and achieving high responsiveness and synchronization during acceleration and deceleration, thereby obtaining stable machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 Analyzing the beam assembly according to a specific embodiment of this utility model Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 3 Analyzing the beam assembly according to a specific embodiment of this utility model Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 4 The slide block of this utility model is a three-dimensional embodiment. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 5 The slide block of this utility model is a three-dimensional embodiment. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 6 The slide block three-dimensional shape is a specific embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 7 The slide block three-dimensional shape is a specific embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] 1-Beam assembly; 11-Crossbeam; 111-Positioning step; 112-Y-axis guide boss; 113-Oil guide groove; 12-Longitudinal beam; 2-Slide block; 21-Modible hole; 22-Upper convex edge; 23-Lower convex edge; 24-Mounting groove; 25-Side flange; 26-Lower flange; 27-Upper flange; 28-Oil injection hole; 29-Z-axis flange; 3-Slide block; 31-Mounting hole; 32-Z-axis guide boss; 33-Connecting part; 4-Y-axis motor; 5-Z-axis motor; 6-Bolt; 7-Bar nut; 8-Y-axis linear ball guide; 9-Oil receiving groove; 10-Z-axis linear ball guide; 20-Balance cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To further explain the technical solution of this utility model, the following detailed description is provided through specific embodiments.

[0028] refer to Figure 1-7 As shown, this utility model discloses a spindle mounting structure for an ultra-precision grinding machine, including a beam assembly 1, a slide 2, and a slide ram 3;

[0029] The direction of the product to be processed entering and leaving the grinding machine station is defined as the X-axis. The beam assembly 1 includes a pair of crossbeams 11 arranged along the Y-axis direction and a pair of longitudinal beams 12 perpendicular to the crossbeams 11. The crossbeams 11 and longitudinal beams 12 are connected at their ends to form a rectangular structure.

[0030] The slide block 2 is set inside a rectangular structure, with its two sides slidingly engaged with the crossbeam 11, and is equipped with a Y-axis motor 4 for driving the slide block 2 to move along the Y-axis; the slide block 2 has a movable hole 21 on its central axis.

[0031] The slide 3 is slidably fitted in the movable hole 21, the central axis of which is provided with a mounting hole 31 for mounting the spindle; a pair of Z-axis motors 5 for driving the slide 3 to move along the Z-axis are provided on the opposite side wall of the movable hole 21.

[0032] Through the above scheme, the spindle mounting structure of this utility model is decomposed into beam assembly 1, slide 2 and slide block 3, and is no longer an integrated structure. Each device can share the force, resulting in higher structural stability and service life. The crossbeam 11 of beam assembly 1 serves as the track of slide block 2, and the Y-axis motor 4 and Z-axis motor 5 on slide block 2 are symmetrical structures, ensuring that the corresponding devices and their components are subjected to balanced forces. Slide block 2, slide block 3 and spindle will not be skewed, which can improve structural rigidity, ensure high-speed machining accuracy, and significantly reduce thermal deformation and weight deformation. Among them, the symmetrical Z-axis motor 5 design realizes center of gravity drive, eliminates the rotational torque generated during drive, and achieves high responsiveness and synchronization during acceleration and deceleration, thereby obtaining stable machining accuracy.

[0033] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] When applied to a grinding machine, the beam assembly 1 of this invention can be mounted on the frame of the grinding machine to achieve a suspended effect.

[0035] The aforementioned crossbeams 11 and longitudinal beams 12 are both made of natural stone, such as marble, which is easy to obtain and has excellent rigidity and stability. They can effectively resist vibration and deformation generated during processing, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the spindle mounting structure.

[0036] Both ends of the aforementioned crossbeam 11 are provided with positioning steps 111. The end of the longitudinal beam 12 is fitted onto the positioning steps 111 and is connected and fixed by several pairs of bolts 6 and rod-shaped nuts 7. In this embodiment, the rod-shaped nuts 7 are inserted through the side of the end of the longitudinal beam 12, and the bolts 6 are inserted through the back of the positioning steps 111, exit through the positioning steps 111, and then enter the end face of the longitudinal beam 12 before being threadedly connected to the rod-shaped nuts 7.

[0037] The inner side of the aforementioned crossbeam 11 protrudes to form a Y-axis guide boss 112 for sliding engagement with the slide block 2. The upper and lower edges of the slide block 2 opposite to the crossbeam 11 are respectively provided with an upper protruding edge 22 and a lower protruding edge 23 that slide in engagement with the Y-axis guide boss 112. Thus, a groove-like structure is formed on the side of the slide block 2 for the Y-axis guide boss 112 to be inserted and slid, ensuring that the slide block 2 will not wobble when moving.

[0038] Furthermore, the slide block 2 is provided with a mounting groove 24 for mounting the Y-axis motor 4 on its side, and the inner side of the crossbeam 11 is provided with a Y-axis linear ball guide rail 8 that cooperates with the Y-axis motor 4; the Y-axis motor 4 is a servo screw motor, which can precisely control the moving distance of the slide block 2.

[0039] Meanwhile, the side surface of the slide 2, the lower surface of the upper convex edge 22, and the upper surface of the lower convex edge 23 are respectively provided with side flanges 25, lower flanges 26, and upper flanges 27 that abut against the surface of the Y-axis guide boss 112. These are used to reduce the contact area with the Y-axis guide boss 112 and reduce the friction generated during movement. Each flange side is provided with an oil injection hole 28 for adding lubricating oil to the contact position between the flange and the Y-axis guide boss 112. The oil injection hole 28 is supplied with lubricating oil by an oil injection device installed on or inside the slide 2. The side flanges 25, lower flanges 26, and upper flanges 27 can be U-shaped, straight, or similar.

[0040] Secondly, an oil receiving groove 9 is provided on the side of the aforementioned crossbeam 11, and the oil receiving groove 9 is located below the upper convex edge 22; an oil guide groove 113 connected to the oil receiving groove 9 is provided on the Y-axis guide boss 112. The oil receiving groove 9 is used to collect lubricating oil that has slipped due to gravity, and to prevent lubricating oil from contaminating other devices.

[0041] The slide block 3 is provided with Z-axis guide bosses 32 at each of its four corners; the movable hole 21 is a rectangular hole, and each of the four corners of the movable hole 21 is provided with a Z-axis flange 29 that abuts against the surface of the Z-axis guide boss 32, in order to reduce the contact area with the Z-axis guide boss 32, thereby reducing the friction generated during the movement. Correspondingly, the side of the Z-axis flange 29 is also provided with an oil injection hole. Thus, the slide block 3 and the slide seat 2 adopt a closed four-sided constraint form, which has strong torsional rigidity and good shock resistance.

[0042] The side of the slide ram 3 is provided with a Z-axis linear ball guide 10 that cooperates with the Z-axis motor 5.

[0043] A balancing cylinder 20 is provided on each side of the aforementioned movable hole 21; the balancing cylinder 20 is connected to the connecting part 33 at the upper end of the slide 3. The two balancing cylinders 20 can be used to balance the weight of the spindle and the slide 3.

[0044] The above embodiments and figures are not intended to limit the product form and style of this utility model. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A spindle mounting structure for an ultra-precision grinding machine, characterized in that: Includes beam assemblies, slide blocks, and rams; The beam assembly includes a pair of crossbeams arranged along the Y-axis and a pair of longitudinal beams perpendicular to the crossbeams; the crossbeams and the longitudinal beams are connected at their ends to form a rectangular structure. The slide block is set inside a rectangular structure, with its two sides slidingly engaged with the crossbeam, and is equipped with a Y-axis motor for driving the slide block to move along the Y-axis; the central axis of the slide block is provided with a movable hole; The slide is slidably fitted within the movable hole, the central axis of which has a mounting hole for mounting the spindle; a pair of Z-axis motors for driving the slide to move along the Z-axis are provided on the opposite sidewalls of the movable hole.

2. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the crossbeams and longitudinal beams are made of marble.

3. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the crossbeam are provided with positioning steps, and the ends of the longitudinal beam are fitted onto the positioning steps and are connected and fixed by several pairs of bolts and rod nuts.

4. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The rod-shaped nut is inserted through the end side of the longitudinal beam. The bolt is inserted through the back of the positioning step, exits through the positioning step, and then enters the end face of the longitudinal beam before being threadedly connected to the rod-shaped nut.

5. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the crossbeam protrudes to form a Y-axis guide boss for sliding engagement with the slide block. The upper and lower sides of the slide block opposite to the crossbeam are respectively provided with upper and lower convex edges that slide engagement with the Y-axis guide boss.

6. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The slide block has a mounting groove on its side for mounting the Y-axis motor, and the crossbeam has a Y-axis linear ball bearing guide that mates with the Y-axis motor; the Y-axis motor is a servo lead screw motor.

7. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The side surface of the slide block, the lower surface of the upper convex edge, and the upper surface of the lower convex edge are respectively provided with side flanges, lower flanges, and upper flanges that abut against the surface of the Y-axis guide boss. Each flange side is provided with an oil injection hole.

8. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that: An oil receiving groove is provided on the side of the crossbeam, and the oil receiving groove is located below the upper convex edge; an oil guide groove connected to the oil receiving groove is provided on the Y-axis guide boss.

9. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The slide block is provided with Z-axis guide bosses at all four corners; the movable hole is a rectangular hole, and Z-axis flanges are provided at all four corners of the movable hole to abut against the surface of the Z-axis guide bosses. Oil injection holes are provided on the side of the Z-axis flanges.

10. The spindle mounting structure of the ultra-precision grinding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the slide is provided with a Z-axis linear ball guide rail that cooperates with the Z-axis motor; a balance cylinder is provided on each side of the movable hole, and the balance cylinder is connected to the connecting part at the upper end of the slide in a transmission manner.

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