A type of ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit
By adding high-pressure flow channels and high-pressure nozzles to the drill bit body, combined with the design of composite spare teeth, the problems of low rock-breaking efficiency and easy damage of cutting discs in deep and ultra-deep wells have been solved, achieving efficient rock breaking and extending drill bit life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KINGDREAM PLC CO
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, it is inconvenient to add additional pressure boosting tools to assist in rock breaking, and high-speed water flow through conventional nozzles can easily cause large-area erosion of the cutting composite blades on the PDC drill bit, resulting in a shortened service life of the drill bit.
A high-pressure flow channel is added inside the mud flow channel of the drill bit body, and a high-pressure nozzle is set on the cutting blade. Ultra-high pressure jets are sprayed through the high-pressure nozzles to assist in rock breaking. At the same time, a composite spare tooth is set on the spray trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle to replace the worn composite blade and continue the cutting work.
It has achieved a significant speed-up effect in deep and ultra-deep wells with hard formations, and has improved the service life of drill bits, while solving the problem of erosion of cutting composite plates by high-speed water flow.
Smart Images
Figure CN224282518U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rock breaking auxiliary tools, specifically to an ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit. Background Technology
[0002] When PDC drill bits are used in drilling deep and ultra-deep wells in complex formations, the surrounding rock layers at the bottom of the well are relatively hard, which makes the drill bit prone to tooth breakage and failure, and the hydraulic energy at the bottom of the well is low, resulting in poor auxiliary rock breaking effect. The drill bit is difficult to penetrate plastic mudstone formations and the drilling time is high, which seriously restricts the speed and efficiency of deep well drilling.
[0003] Currently, in deep, complex, and difficult-to-drill formations, pressure boosting tools can be used to pressurize the drilling mud, generating high-pressure water jets to assist in rock breaking and improve drilling efficiency. However, the drilling passage is relatively narrow, making it inconvenient to add additional pressure boosting tools. Furthermore, the high-speed water jets produced by pressure boosting tools, when passing through conventional nozzles, can easily cause large-area erosion of the cutting composite blades on the PDC drill bit, significantly shortening its service life. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides an ultra-high pressure jet-coated PDC drill bit, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art where it is inconvenient to add additional pressure boosting tools to assist in rock breaking, and where high-speed water flow through conventional nozzles can easily cause large-area erosion of the cutting composite blades on the PDC drill bit.
[0005] This application provides an ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit, which includes:
[0006] The drill bit body has a mud flow channel, and a high-pressure flow channel is provided inside the mud flow channel;
[0007] The cutting blades are provided in multiple ways, and the cutting blades are spaced apart on the drill body circumferentially. Multiple composite blades are provided on the cutting blades along the length direction.
[0008] A high-pressure nozzle is disposed on the cutting blade and is connected to the high-pressure flow channel;
[0009] In addition, a composite backup tooth is also provided on the cutting blade, and the composite backup tooth is provided on the high-pressure nozzle injection trajectory.
[0010] In one embodiment, the drill bit body includes:
[0011] A connecting joint, wherein a mud flow channel is formed axially within the connecting joint;
[0012] The drill bit body is disposed on the connecting joint, the mud channel extends into the interior of the drill bit body, and a number of cutting blades are disposed on the drill bit body.
[0013] In one embodiment, the high-pressure flow channel includes:
[0014] A booster pipe, which is installed inside the mud flow channel;
[0015] A curved flow channel, wherein the two ends of the curved flow channel along its length are respectively connected to the high-pressure nozzle and the booster pipe;
[0016] And a connecting sleeve for connecting the curved flow channel and the pressurization pipe.
[0017] In one embodiment, at least one high-pressure nozzle is provided, and when more than one high-pressure nozzle is provided, only one high-pressure nozzle is provided on a single cutting blade.
[0018] In one embodiment, the cutting blade has a reinforcing rib at one end near the connecting joint.
[0019] In one embodiment, the cutting blade includes an inner cone, a nose, and a shoulder connected sequentially from the drill body axis outward.
[0020] In one embodiment, an annular backrest is provided on the cutting blade wing and is located on the side of the high-pressure nozzle near the axis of the drill body.
[0021] In one embodiment, an ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit further includes:
[0022] The drill bit body has multiple conventional nozzles, which are located on the drill bit body and positioned between adjacent cutting blades. The mud flow channel is simultaneously connected to all of the conventional nozzles.
[0023] In one embodiment, the cutting blade includes:
[0024] Long cutting blade, the long cutting blade is disposed on the drill body along the diameter of the drill body;
[0025] Short blades are arranged at intervals on both sides of the long blades along the circumference of the drill bit body.
[0026] In one embodiment, the connecting joint is integrally welded to the drill bit body.
[0027] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include:
[0028] By adding a high-pressure channel within the mud channel of the drill bit body and connecting it to a high-pressure nozzle on the cutting blade that is connected to the high-pressure channel, the mud can pass directly through the high-pressure channel and then be ejected from the ultra-high-pressure nozzle on the cutting blade. The jet can change the stress state of the rock at the bottom of the well, achieving ultra-high-pressure jet rock breaking or assisted rock breaking. It has a significant speed-up effect on hard formations in deep and ultra-deep wells. Furthermore, a composite backup tooth is added to the cutting blade along the jet trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle. When the composite piece on the jet trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle wears out, the composite backup tooth can replace the original composite piece in cutting work, improving the service life of the drill bit. This solves the problems of existing technologies where it is inconvenient to add additional pressure boosting tools to assist in rock breaking, and the problem that high-speed water flow through conventional nozzles can easily cause large-area erosion of the cutting composite piece on the PDC drill bit. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to this application;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to this application;
[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view of the drill bit body in this application;
[0033] In the diagram: 1. Drill bit body; 11. Connecting joint; 12. Drill bit body; 121. Conventional nozzle; 2. Mud channel; 21. Curved channel; 22. Connecting casing; 3. Cutting blade; 31. Composite blade; 32. Long blade; 33. Short blade; 34. Reinforcing rib; 35. Annular backrest; 4. High-pressure nozzle; 5. Composite spare tooth. Detailed Implementation
[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0035] This application provides an ultra-high pressure jet-coated PDC drill bit, which solves the problems in the prior art where it is inconvenient to add additional pressure boosting tools to assist in rock breaking, and the problem that high-speed water flow can easily erode the cutting composite blades on the PDC drill bit.
[0036] Reference Figure 1 This application discloses an ultra-high pressure jet-coated PDC drill bit, comprising a drill bit body 1, cutting blades 3, high-pressure nozzles 4, and composite spare teeth 5. The drill bit body has a mud flow channel 2, within which a high-pressure flow channel is provided. Multiple cutting blades 3 are provided, spaced circumferentially along the drill bit body 1. Multiple composite plates 31 are arranged along the length of the cutting blades 3. The high-pressure nozzles 4 are located on the cutting blades 3 and are connected to the high-pressure flow channels, allowing the mud to directly pass through the high-pressure flow channels during drilling and then be ejected from the ultra-high pressure nozzles 4 on the cutting blades 3. The jet can alter the stress state of the rock at the bottom of the well, achieving ultra-high pressure jet rock breaking or assisted rock breaking, and has a significant speed-up effect on deep and ultra-deep wells with hard formations.
[0037] During rock breaking, the drill bit rotates at a high speed, and the high-pressure jet also increases the cutting load on the composite plate 31 on the cutting blade 3. Therefore, the composite plate 31 located on the jet trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle 4 is more prone to wear. To ensure the service life of the cutting blade 3 while increasing the high-pressure jet's assistance in rock breaking, a composite backup tooth 5 is also provided on the cutting blade 3, and the composite backup tooth 5 is positioned on the jet trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle 4. This allows the composite backup tooth 5 to share the impact load on the composite plate 31 on the surface of the cutting blade 3 during rock breaking. Furthermore, when the previous composite plate 31 on the clockwise jet trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle 4 wears and fails, the composite backup tooth 5, being on the same cutting trajectory as the previous composite plate 31, can replace the function of the previous composite plate 31 and continue the rock breaking operation, thus improving the overall service life of the drill bit. When multiple composite backup teeth 5 are provided, they are positioned across the cutting blade on the jet trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle 4. In one embodiment of this application, during the initial setup process, the high-pressure nozzle 4 is positioned on the cutting blade 3 at a distance of 8-15mm from the composite plate, and during rock breaking operations, the jet of the high-pressure nozzle 4 is spaced 6-8mm from the bottom of the well to better assist in rock breaking operations.
[0038] More specifically, the drill bit body 12 is also provided with a plurality of conventional nozzles 121, and a cutting groove is formed between adjacent cutting blades 3. The conventional nozzles 121 are located in the cutting groove between adjacent cutting blades 3, and the mud channel 2 is connected to all the conventional nozzles 121 at the same time, so as to continuously supply mud to the drill bit when the drill bit is performing rock breaking cutting operations.
[0039] The drill bit body 1 includes a connecting joint 11 and a drill bit body 12. A mud channel 2 is axially formed within the connecting joint 11, and is connected to other pressure supply devices to allow mud to enter the mud channel 2 and be ejected through multiple conventional nozzles 121. The drill bit body 12 is mounted on the connecting joint 11, with the mud channel 2 extending into the interior of the drill bit body 12. Several cutting blades 3 are mounted on the drill bit body 12. In one embodiment of this application, the drill bit body 12 is made of sintered tungsten carbide powder. Furthermore, to improve the overall structural strength of the drill bit, the connecting joint 11 and the drill bit body 12 are integrally welded together.
[0040] Reference Figure 2 The high-pressure flow channel includes a booster pipe, a curved flow channel 21, and a connecting sleeve 22. The booster pipe passes through the mud flow channel 2. The two ends of the curved flow channel 21 are connected to the high-pressure nozzle 4 and the booster pipe, respectively. The connecting sleeve 22 connects the curved flow channel 21 and the booster pipe. The mud is generated by the booster device at the top of the drill bit to produce an ultra-high-pressure water jet, which passes through the internal curved flow channel 21 and is then ejected by the high-pressure nozzle 4 on the cutting blade 3. The high-pressure jet can change the stress state of the rock at the bottom of the well, realizing ultra-high-pressure jet rock breaking or assisted rock breaking, and has a significant speed-up effect on hard formations in deep and ultra-deep wells. Specifically, the curved flow channel 21 can be made of high-temperature resistant alloy material and sintered together with the matrix powder of the drill bit body 12.
[0041] Furthermore, at least one high-pressure nozzle 4 is provided. The number of high-pressure nozzles 4 is selected according to the actual rock-breaking requirements, thereby improving their auxiliary rock-breaking effect on the drill bit. When more than one high-pressure nozzle 4 is provided, only one high-pressure nozzle 4 is provided on a single cutting blade 3. This reduces the possibility that the impact load of the high-pressure jet on a single cutting blade 3 would be too large when multiple high-pressure nozzles 4 are provided on a single cutting blade, which could lead to accelerated wear or damage to the cutting blade 3.
[0042] In one embodiment of this application, in order to further improve the structural strength of a single cutting blade 3, refer to Figure 3 The cutting blade 3 is provided with a reinforcing rib 34 at one end near the connecting joint 11. The reinforcing rib 34 is located at the front side of the root of the cutting blade 3 where the high pressure nozzle 4 is located. The distance between the top of the inner wall of the curved flow channel 21 and the outer surface of the reinforcing rib 34 is greater than 10mm.
[0043] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this application, the cutting blade 3 includes a long blade 32 and short blades 33. The long blade 32 is disposed on the drill body 12 along the diameter of the drill body 12, and the short blades 33 are spaced apart on both sides of the long blade 32 along the axial direction of the drill body 12. In this embodiment, there is one long blade 32 and three short blades 33. The long blade 32 divides the surface of the drill body 12 into two parts, one part having one short blade 33 and the other part having two spaced short blades 33. The high-pressure nozzle 4 is specifically disposed on the long blade 32, and multiple conventional nozzles 121 are disposed within the interval between the long blade 32 and the short blades 33.
[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each cutting blade 3 comprises an inner cone, a nose, and a shoulder connected sequentially outward from the axis of the drill bit body 12. The inner cone, nose, and shoulder are integrally formed, and the inner cone and nose are arranged in a stepped manner from low to high outward from the axis of the drill bit body 12. The highest point of the nose connects to the shoulder, which is angled downwards. The high-pressure nozzle 4 is specifically located at the highest point of the nose of the cutting blade 3, and the direction of the sprayed fluid flow is towards the composite plate 31, forming a 12-14° angle with the cutting plane of the composite plate 31. To further enhance the structural strength of the cutting blade 3 equipped with the high-pressure nozzle 4, an annular backrest 35 is also provided on the cutting blade 3 equipped with the high-pressure nozzle 4. The annular backrest 35 is specifically located on the nose and inner cone of the cutting blade 3, and is situated on the side of the high-pressure nozzle 4 closest to the axis of the drill bit body 12, thereby improving the structural strength and drilling stability of the cutting blade 3 near the high-pressure nozzle 4.
[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0046] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.
Claims
1. An ultra-high pressure jetted matrix PDC bit, characterized by, It includes: The drill bit body (1) has a mud flow channel (2) on it, and a high-pressure flow channel is provided in the mud flow channel (2); Cutting blade (3), the cutting blade (3) is provided in multiple ways, and the cutting blade (3) is arranged circumferentially on the drill body (1), and multiple composite plates (31) are arranged on the cutting blade (3) along the length direction. A high-pressure nozzle (4) is disposed on the cutting blade (3) and is connected to the high-pressure flow channel; In addition, the composite backup tooth (5) is also provided on the cutting blade (3), and the composite backup tooth (5) is provided on the spray trajectory of the high-pressure nozzle (4).
2. The ultra-high pressure jetting matrix PDC bit of claim 1, wherein, The drill bit body (1) includes: A connecting joint (11) is provided, and a mud flow channel (2) is formed axially within the connecting joint (11); The drill bit body (12) is disposed on the connecting joint (11), the mud flow channel (2) extends into the interior of the drill bit body (12), and a number of cutting blades (3) are disposed on the drill bit body (12).
3. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure flow channel includes: A booster pipe is installed inside the mud flow channel (2); A curved flow channel (21) is provided, with its two ends along its length connected to the high-pressure nozzle (4) and the booster pipe, respectively. In addition, a connecting sleeve (22) is provided for connecting the curved flow channel (21) and the pressurization pipe.
4. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one high-pressure nozzle (4) is provided. When more than one high-pressure nozzle (4) is provided, only one high-pressure nozzle (4) is provided on a single cutting blade (3).
5. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutting blade (3) has a reinforcing rib (34) at one end near the connecting joint (11).
6. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The cutting blade (3) includes an inner cone, a nose, and a shoulder connected in sequence from the axis of the drill body (12).
7. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular backrest (35) is provided on the cutting blade (3) and is provided on the side of the high-pressure nozzle (4) near the axis of the drill body (12).
8. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A conventional nozzle (121) is provided in multiple ways. The conventional nozzle (121) is located on the drill body (12) and is arranged between adjacent cutting blades (3). The mud channel (2) is simultaneously connected to all the conventional nozzles (121).
9. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cutting blade (3) includes: Long blade (32), the long blade (32) is disposed on the drill body (12) along the diameter of the drill body (12); Short blades (33) are arranged at intervals on both sides of the long blades (32) along the circumference of the drill body (12).
10. The ultra-high pressure jetting PDC drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting joint (11) is integrally welded to the drill bit body (12).