Slag removal device for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slag removal device for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) construction. Comprising a TBM body, a treatment machine box is arranged in the TBM body, a crusher mounting groove is formed in the treatment machine box, a crusher is assembled in the crusher mounting groove, the bottom of the crusher is connected with a crushing channel, crushed muck is conveyed into a stirring treatment cavity from the crushing channel to be treated, and the top of the crushing channel communicates with a chemical liquid storage tank; the bottom of the chemical liquid storage tank is communicated with the stirring treatment cavity through a pipeline. The slag removal device has the functions of crushing pretreatment, chemical liquid adding for treatment of slag, stirring and mixing and conveying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of TBM construction technology, and more specifically to a slag removal device for TBM construction. Background Technology

[0002] In full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction, muck removal is a crucial step in ensuring tunneling efficiency and construction continuity. Current muck removal systems used in TBM construction generally suffer from the following technical challenges:

[0003] Insufficient pre-treatment capacity for excavated soil: The excavated soil generated by TBM tunneling often contains incompletely crushed stone fragments. Traditional cleaning devices lack targeted crushing structures. After the stone fragments enter the conveying channel with the excavated soil, they are prone to causing pipeline blockage. This not only requires machine shutdown for cleaning but also disrupts the continuity of excavated soil transportation, resulting in a significant decrease in construction efficiency. At the same time, the uncrushed stone fragments increase the load on subsequent excavated soil treatment equipment and shorten the service life of the equipment.

[0004] Low efficiency of chemical liquid addition and reaction: In order to improve the fluidity of the slag for easy transportation, chemical liquids such as rheology modifiers need to be added to the slag. However, most existing slag cleaning devices do not have a dedicated chemical liquid storage and precise delivery structure. The chemical liquid is often directly injected into the slag through external pipelines, which easily leads to uneven addition and insufficient mixing with the slag. Moreover, the lack of an effective mixing mechanism means that the chemical liquid and the slag cannot react quickly, making it difficult to fully reduce the viscosity of the slurry. As a result, the slag still has the problem of high resistance to transportation and cannot achieve the treatment effect of "close to the fluidity of water".

[0005] Poor ease of soil transportation and operation: Some TBM cleaning devices rely on ordinary conveyor belts or gravity feeding for soil transportation, which easily leads to adhesion and accumulation of high-viscosity soil, resulting in low transportation efficiency. Simultaneously, the design of the device's maintenance and control platform is inadequate, making it difficult for operators to quickly access critical areas of the equipment for maintenance or parameter adjustments, further impacting construction efficiency. These problems mean that existing TBM cleaning devices cannot meet the demands of high-efficiency construction in terms of soil handling efficiency, smooth transportation, and ease of operation. There is an urgent need to develop a cleaning device with functions including crushing pretreatment, chemical liquid addition for soil treatment, mixing, and convenient transportation to address current technical pain points. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies in the prior art, this utility model provides a slag removal device for TBM construction, thereby solving the problems existing in the background art. The slag removal device has functions including crushing pretreatment, chemical liquid addition for treating the slag, mixing, and conveying.

[0007] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a slag removal device for TBM construction, characterized in that: it includes a TBM body, the TBM body has a processing chamber inside, the processing chamber has a crusher installation slot inside, the crusher installation slot is equipped with a crusher, the bottom of the crusher is connected to a crushing channel, the crushed slag is transferred from the crushing channel to the mixing and processing chamber for processing, the top of the crushing channel is connected to a chemical liquid storage tank, and the bottom of the chemical liquid storage tank is connected to the mixing and processing chamber through a pipeline.

[0008] According to the present invention, a slag removal device for TBM construction is characterized in that: a chemical liquid storage tank is externally connected to a chemical liquid delivery pipe, and a chemical liquid storage tank is provided inside the processing unit to facilitate the storage of chemical liquid delivered from the chemical liquid delivery pipe.

[0009] According to the present invention, a slag removal device for TBM construction is characterized in that: the interior of the mixing chamber is provided with a stirring paddle connected by a stirring bearing, and the stirring bearing in the mixing chamber drives the stirring paddle to rotate, thereby accelerating the reaction speed of the chemical liquid.

[0010] According to the present invention, a slag removal device for TBM construction is characterized in that: a TBM slag trough is provided inside the TBM body, and a slag screw conveyor pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the TBM slag trough. The outlet end of the slag screw conveyor pipe corresponds to the processing unit box, and a conveyor shaft motor is fixedly connected to the outer end of the slag screw conveyor pipe, which facilitates the conveying and processing of slag inside the full-face tunneling machine through the slag screw conveyor pipe; a screw conveyor shaft is movably sleeved inside the conveyor shaft motor, and the slag is lifted into the processing unit box by the rotational thrust of the screw conveyor shaft.

[0011] According to the present invention, a slag removal device for TBM construction is characterized in that: a working platform is fixedly connected to the outside of the processing unit, and a platform ladder is fixedly connected to the outside of the working platform, which facilitates the operator to enter the working platform through the platform ladder for operation.

[0012] According to the present invention, a slag removal device for TBM construction is characterized in that: the bottom of the mixing and processing chamber is inclined, and a spiral output mechanism is provided at the bottom. The outlet end of the spiral output mechanism extends out of the processing box to transport the mixed slag material out, and then it is transported out by other transmission equipment.

[0013] This utility model relates to a slag removal device for TBM construction. Through structural optimization and functional integration of the entire slag treatment process, it has the following significant advantages over existing technologies:

[0014] First, improve the efficiency of waste disposal and avoid the risk of blockage:

[0015] Crushing pretreatment reduces blockages: By installing a crusher inside the processing unit, residual gravel in the slag can be crushed in a targeted manner, effectively preventing large gravel from entering the subsequent conveying channel and causing blockages, reducing downtime for cleaning, and ensuring the continuity of the slag removal process; at the same time, crushing treatment improves the uniformity of slag particles, laying the foundation for subsequent chemical treatment and conveying, and optimizing the overall quality and efficiency of slag treatment.

[0016] Screw conveyor enhances transfer capacity: The screw conveyor pipe for crushed material is combined with the screw conveyor shaft driven by the conveyor shaft motor. The screw conveyor shaft is used to transfer the slag by rotating thrust. Compared with traditional conveyor belts or gravity feeding, it can effectively avoid the adhesion and accumulation of slag. It can also be stably transported even in the face of high humidity slag, which greatly improves the transfer efficiency of slag from the TBM crushing trough to the processing box.

[0017] Second, optimize chemical treatment effects and reduce transportation resistance:

[0018] Precise chemical liquid addition: The chemical liquid storage tank inside the treatment unit can store chemical liquids (such as rheology modifiers) adapted to the characteristics of the slag soil in advance, and then deliver them to the mixing and treatment chamber in a preset dosage through the bottom control pipeline, avoiding the problem of uneven chemical liquid addition caused by the traditional direct injection method; combined with the design of flexibly selecting chemical liquids according to the slag soil conditions, it can specifically reduce the viscosity of the mud, ensuring that the slag soil mud has a fluidity close to that of water, and significantly reducing the resistance to discharge and transportation.

[0019] Stirring accelerates the reaction process: The stirring bearing in the stirring chamber drives the stirring paddle to rotate, which can quickly achieve full mixing of chemical liquid and slag, break up the agglomeration structure of slag particles, accelerate the reaction speed of chemical liquid to improve fluidity, shorten the single slag treatment cycle, and further improve the overall efficiency of slag cleaning.

[0020] Third, enhance the ease of operation and maintenance, and ensure construction stability:

[0021] The auxiliary platform enhances operational convenience: the external working platform and platform ladder of the processing chassis provide operators with a convenient observation and control space. Operators can quickly enter the working platform through the platform ladder 15 to adjust the operating parameters of core components such as crusher and agitator in real time without the need to build an additional temporary operating frame, thus reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0022] The structural design facilitates inspection and maintenance: each core component (such as the crusher, agitator, and screw output mechanism) can be modularly assembled or externally / easily disassembled. Operators can conveniently carry out inspection and replacement work on the work platform, reducing equipment maintenance time, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the device, and reducing the risk of equipment failure during TBM construction.

[0023] Fourth, it is highly adaptable and suitable for TBM construction in various scenarios:

[0024] The device, through a combination of "crushing-chemical treatment-mixing" functions, can flexibly adjust the crushing intensity, chemical liquid type and dosage according to the characteristics of the slag under different geological conditions (such as clay content and particle size distribution). At the same time, the screw conveyor and inclined bottom cavity design are suitable for slag with different humidity and viscosity. It can be applied to various TBM tunnel construction scenarios without major modifications to the main structure of the device, and has wide applicability and adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the processing chassis of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following will refer to the appendix of this utility model. Figures 1-3 The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The slag removal device for TBM construction involved in this utility model is not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0029] This utility model provides a slag removal device for TBM construction, referring to... Figures 1-3 The system includes a TBM main body 1, a processing chamber 2 inside the TBM main body 1, a crusher mounting slot 3 inside the processing chamber 2, a crusher 4 inside the crusher mounting slot 3, and a crushing channel 5 connected to the bottom of the crusher 4. The crusher 4 crushes the residual gravel in the slag, avoiding blockage caused by excessive gravel, thus optimizing the quality of slag treatment. The crushed slag is then transported from the crushing channel 5 to the mixing and processing chamber 6 for further processing. The top of the crushing channel 5 is connected to a chemical liquid storage tank 7, and the outside of the chemical liquid storage tank 7 is connected to a chemical liquid delivery pipe 8. The chemical liquid storage tank 7 is located inside the processing chamber 2 to facilitate the storage of chemical liquid delivered from the chemical liquid delivery pipe 8. The chemical liquid is then controlled and transported to the mixing and processing chamber 6 through the bottom pipe of the chemical liquid storage tank 7. The chemical liquid stored in the chemical liquid storage tank 7 can be used.

[0030] The mixing chamber 6 is equipped with a stirring paddle 10 connected by a stirring bearing 9. The stirring bearing 9 in the mixing chamber 6 drives the stirring paddle 10 to rotate, thereby accelerating the reaction rate of the chemical liquid.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, a TBM crushing trough 11 is provided inside the TBM body 1. A crushing spiral conveyor pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the outside of the TBM crushing trough 11. The outlet end of the crushing spiral conveyor pipe 12 corresponds to the processing housing 2. A conveyor shaft motor 13 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the crushing spiral conveyor pipe 12, which facilitates the conveying and processing of the excavated soil inside the full-face tunneling machine through the crushing spiral conveyor pipe 12. The conveyor shaft motor 13 is movably sleeved with a spiral conveyor shaft. The rotational thrust of the spiral conveyor shaft propels the excavated soil upward through the spiral into the processing housing 2.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, a work platform 14 is fixedly connected to the outside of the processing chassis 2, and a platform ladder 15 is fixedly connected to the outside of the work platform 14, which facilitates the operator to enter the work platform 14 via the platform ladder 15 for operation.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the mixing chamber 6 is inclined, and a spiral output mechanism 16 is provided at the bottom. The outlet end of the spiral output mechanism 16 extends out of the processing box 2 to transport the mixed slag material out, and then it is transported out by other transmission equipment.

[0034] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: A slag removal device for TBM construction transports collected slag through a spiral conveyor pipe 12 to a processing chamber 2 via a spiral upward action. Then, a crusher 4 installed inside the processing chamber 2 crushes the slag, removing residual gravel and preventing blockages caused by excessive gravel, thus optimizing the quality of slag processing. The crushed slag then enters a mixing chamber 6 from a crushing channel 5 for further processing. Chemical liquid from a chemical storage tank 7 is controlled to be transported to the mixing chamber 6. The selection and combination of chemical liquids can be determined based on the slag conditions. The core principle is to reduce slurry viscosity and improve fluidity by adding rheology modifiers, making it closer to the discharge characteristics of water. The mixing bearing 9 inside the mixing chamber 6 drives the mixing paddle 10 to rotate, thereby accelerating the reaction and processing speed of the chemical liquid on the slag. After processing, the spiral output mechanism 16 is activated to transport the processed slag material out.

[0035] In the treatment of excavated soil and slurry in tunnel excavation, the selection and combination of chemical solutions can be determined according to the condition of the excavated soil. The core is to reduce the viscosity of the slurry and improve its fluidity by adding rheology modifiers, making it closer to the drainage characteristics of water. Commonly used chemical substances are mainly divided into the following two categories:

[0036] 1. Core functional ingredient: viscosity reducer and dispersant;

[0037] These substances can disrupt the aggregated structure between soil particles, reducing the frictional resistance between particles and water, which is key to achieving "easily discharged like water." Specifically, they include:

[0038] Inorganic dispersants, such as sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), adjust the pH value of the slurry (usually to 8-10), change the surface charge of the slag particles, weaken the adsorption force between particles, and reduce viscosity.

[0039] Organic polymeric dispersants, such as naphthalene-based water-reducing agents (e.g. sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate) and polycarboxylic acid-based water-reducing agents, form a charge repulsion layer on the surface of slag particles by adsorption, preventing particle agglomeration and significantly reducing the yield stress and viscosity of the mud. They are more effective than inorganic dispersants and are often used in high-concentration slag mud.

[0040] 2. Auxiliary functional substances: water-retaining and lubricating agents;

[0041] If the slag contains a large amount of coarse particles such as sand and stone, it needs to be mixed with auxiliary agents to prevent pipe blockage and further improve its fluidity.

[0042] Water-retaining agents: such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyacrylamide (PAM, non-ionic). Adding a small amount can form a transparent colloid that can encapsulate fine particles, reduce water loss, prevent mud from drying and clumping, and maintain stable fluidity.

[0043] Lubricants, such as fatty acid salts (e.g., sodium stearate), adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline and the surface of the slag particles, reducing the friction coefficient between the slurry and the pipe wall and assisting in drainage.

[0044] Selection principle: In practical applications, the formula needs to be adjusted according to the type of slag (such as clay content and particle size distribution).

[0045] For mud with high clay content: prioritize the use of naphthalene-based / polycarboxylic acid-based dispersants with a small amount of sodium carbonate to focus on breaking down clay agglomerates;

[0046] For mud with high sand and gravel content: use polycarboxylate dispersant + CMC to balance viscosity reduction and particle suspension, and prevent sedimentation and clogging.

[0047] This utility model relates to a slag removal device for TBM construction. Its implementation process revolves around the entire process of slag removal: "transportation-crushing-chemical treatment-output." The specific steps are as follows:

[0048] I. Slag Collection and Transportation Stage:

[0049] Excavated soil collection: The excavated soil generated by the TBM body 1 during tunnel excavation is first naturally collected into the TBM crushing trough 11 pre-set inside the TBM body 1. The TBM crushing trough 11 serves as the initial excavated soil collection area, realizing the centralized collection of excavated soil.

[0050] Screw conveyor to processing unit: Start the conveyor shaft motor 13 at the outer end of the crushed material screw conveyor pipe 12. The conveyor shaft motor 13 drives the internally movable screw conveyor shaft to rotate at high speed. The screw conveyor shaft, through the thrust generated by the rotation, screws the slag in the TBM crushing trough 11 upward along the crushed material screw conveyor pipe 12 and finally accurately conveys it to the processing unit 2 corresponding to the outlet end of the crushed material screw conveyor pipe 12, completing the transfer of slag to the processing stage.

[0051] II. Pre-treatment stage of slag crushing

[0052] Crusher startup: After the slag enters the processing box 2, it first falls into the crusher 4 installed in the crusher installation slot 3. The crusher 4 is started, and the impact or compression crushing function of the crusher 4 is used to specifically crush the residual stone fragments mixed in the slag.

[0053] After crushing, the slag is conveyed as follows: The slag (with crushed stone particles that meet the requirements for subsequent conveying) after being crushed by the crusher 4 is naturally slid down into the mixing chamber 6 below the processing box 2 through the crushing channel 5 connected to the bottom of the crusher 4, in preparation for subsequent chemical treatment. During this process, the crushing process effectively avoids large-sized crushed stone particles from entering the subsequent channel and causing blockage, while improving the overall uniformity of the slag and optimizing the quality of subsequent processing.

[0054] III. Chemical Solution Addition and Stirring Reaction Stage

[0055] Chemical liquid storage and transportation: Chemical liquid suitable for the characteristics of slag soil is injected into the chemical liquid storage tank 7 inside the processing unit 2 in advance through the chemical liquid transportation pipe 8 connected to the outside of the chemical liquid storage tank 7 (the core is a rheology modifier, such as naphthalene-based water-reducing agent, polycarboxylate-based water-reducing agent, etc., which can be adjusted according to the clay content and particle size distribution of the slag soil); after the slag soil enters the mixing and processing chamber 6, the chemical liquid is accurately transported to the slag soil in the mixing and processing chamber 6 according to the preset dosage through the control pipeline at the bottom of the chemical liquid storage tank 7.

[0056] Stirring accelerates the reaction: Start the stirring chamber 6 and start the stirring paddle 10 connected by the stirring bearing 9. The stirring bearing 9 drives the stirring paddle 10 to rotate at a constant speed. During the rotation, the stirring paddle 10 fully mixes the chemical liquid with the slag, breaks up the agglomeration structure of the slag particles, accelerates the reaction speed of the chemical liquid to reduce the viscosity of the mud, and makes the slag mud gradually have a fluidity close to that of water, so as to meet the requirements of efficient discharge.

[0057] IV. Post-treatment waste removal stage

[0058] Inclined bottom cavity auxiliary material guiding: The bottom of the mixing and processing cavity 6 is designed to be inclined. After chemical treatment and mixing, the slag and slurry will naturally converge along the inclined bottom to the spiral output mechanism 16 at the bottom of the cavity under the action of gravity, so as to avoid the slag and soil from adhering and accumulating at the bottom of the cavity.

[0059] Spiral output to subsequent equipment: Start the spiral output mechanism 16. The spiral output mechanism 16 uses the rotational thrust of the internal spiral structure to transport the mixed slag slurry from its outlet end extending from the treatment box 2. Then, it is transferred by the external supporting transmission equipment (such as slurry conveying pipe, conveyor belt, etc.) to the slag treatment station outside the tunnel to complete the entire slag removal process.

[0060] V. Implementation of Auxiliary Operation and Maintenance

[0061] During the operation of the device, operators can climb onto the working platform 14 via the platform ladder 15 fixed outside the processing unit 2 to observe the operating status and adjust the parameters of core components such as the crusher 4, the mixing paddle 10, and the screw output mechanism 16 in real time. If maintenance is required, relevant components can be easily disassembled or maintained on the working platform 14 to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the device.

[0062] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A debris removal device for TBM construction, characterized in that; The system includes a TBM main body, which contains a processing chamber. Inside the processing chamber is a crusher mounting slot, where a crusher is installed. The bottom of the crusher is connected to a crushing channel. The crushed slag is transported from the crushing channel to the mixing and processing chamber for further processing. The top of the crushing channel is connected to a chemical liquid storage tank, and the bottom of the chemical liquid storage tank is connected to the mixing and processing chamber via a pipeline.

2. The debris removal device for TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The external connection of the chemical liquid storage tank to the chemical liquid delivery pipe is a chemical liquid delivery pipe. The chemical liquid storage tank is opened inside the processing unit to facilitate the storage of the chemical liquid delivered from the chemical liquid delivery pipe.

3. The device for TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The mixing chamber is equipped with a stirring paddle connected by a stirring bearing. The stirring bearing in the mixing chamber drives the stirring paddle to rotate, thereby accelerating the reaction rate of the chemical liquid.

4. The device for TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The TBM body has an internal TBM crushing trough, and a crushing screw conveyor pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the TBM crushing trough. The outlet end of the crushing screw conveyor pipe corresponds to the processing box. The external end of the crushing screw conveyor pipe is fixedly connected to the conveyor shaft motor, which facilitates the transportation and processing of the excavated soil inside the full-face tunneling machine through the crushing screw conveyor pipe. The screw conveyor shaft is movably sleeved inside the conveyor shaft motor. The excavated soil is lifted into the processing box by the rotation thrust of the screw conveyor shaft.

5. The device for TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The external working platform is fixedly connected to the processing chassis, and the platform ladder is fixedly connected to the external working platform, which facilitates the operator to enter the working platform via the platform ladder to operate it.

6. The device for TBM construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The bottom of the mixing chamber is inclined, and a spiral output mechanism is installed at the bottom. The outlet end of the spiral output mechanism extends out of the processing box to transport the mixed slag material out, and then it is transported out by other transmission equipment.

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