Tunnel construction door closure and collapse escape system

Abstract

This utility model provides a tunnel construction collapse escape system, belonging to the technical field of self-rescue escape systems. It includes: an escape pipe, which is a hollow channel with both ends connected, a fiberglass frame, and drive wheels that rotate under the drive of a drive motor fixedly connected to their respective axles; and an air supply system, including an air supply duct extending outwards from the tunnel and connected to an air supply device. This utility model is equipped with electrically driven wheels to buffer falling rocks from the top, and inflatable airbags seal both ends of the escape pipe to prevent dust from entering the escape pipe, thus fully guaranteeing the life and health of those escaping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of self-rescue and escape systems, specifically a tunnel construction door closure and collapse escape system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's transportation industry, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in railway construction, as well as highway and national / provincial trunk road construction. When a route needs to traverse mountainous terrain, tunnels are typically used for construction. However, during tunnel construction, if complex geological conditions are encountered, the difficulty and risks of construction increase significantly. Catastrophic accidents such as tunnel closures, roof collapses, mudslides, and water inrushes occur frequently, making the safety of construction workers a major concern for all sectors of society.

[0003] In current tunnel construction, manual drilling and blasting methods are still the primary method, and existing rescue technologies are insufficient to meet the demands of safe construction. Specifically, the self-rescue capabilities and conditions of construction workers are relatively weak, making it difficult to gain valuable rescue time. During rescue operations, the only way to determine if someone is trapped is by striking metal objects to generate sound signals. Because trapped individuals can only passively wait for rescue, this significantly slows down the rescue process, compromises safety, and may even lead to further deterioration of the situation or secondary accidents.

[0004] To address this, existing technology, disclosed in CN202510155U, describes a pipeline escape system for tunnel construction accidents. This system involves setting up a safety canopy at a certain distance from the excavation face of the tunnel, connecting one end of the safety canopy to an escape pipeline. Typically, the distance from the excavation face is no more than 26 meters, and no more than 21 meters during bench-type construction. The other end of the escape pipeline is located near the secondary lining section of the tunnel. This pipeline escape system for tunnel construction accidents is simple to use, requires little installation and relocation time, is easy to operate, requires minimal investment, and offers significant economic benefits, thus facilitating its widespread adoption. More importantly, in the event of a tunnel closure and collapse, this system can effectively save the lives of construction workers, resulting in substantial social and economic benefits.

[0005] However, the aforementioned device still has some obvious defects in its use: the device is fixed and difficult to move according to the needs of the construction progress, which increases the difficulty of subsequent relocation. In addition, the opening of the device is not isolated from the external environment. When an accident occurs, the high concentration of dust in the tunnel will directly threaten the life and health of the escapers after entering the escape passage. Although existing technologies disclose the installation of doors, covers and other structures at the entrance of the escape passage, they are not easy to open from the outside, thus affecting the smooth escape of all staff. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system includes:

[0009] An escape tunnel, which is a hollow passage that runs through both ends, with the hollow passage for people to crawl into.

[0010] The escape pipe is centrally located inside the fiberglass frame, which runs longitudinally through the entire escape pipe. The fiberglass frame consists of four I-beams, several crossbeams, and columns. The I-beams are arranged parallel to each other at the four longitudinal corners of the escape pipe. Several crossbeams are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the I-beams arranged parallel to each other on the upper and lower sides of the escape pipe. Several columns are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the I-beams arranged parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the escape pipe.

[0011] The fiberglass frame has four fixedly installed drive rubber wheels at its bottom corners. The drive rubber wheels rotate under the drive of drive motors fixedly connected to their respective axles.

[0012] An air supply system, comprising an air supply duct, which is connected to an internal hollow channel via an assembly flange interface installed on the side wall of the escape pipe. The air supply duct extends outward from the tunnel and is connected to an air supply device, which supplies air to the escape pipe through the air supply duct.

[0013] Preferably, the I-beams on the left and right sides of the escape pipe are further fixedly connected by angled steel or diagonal bracing.

[0014] Preferably, the upper flange of the fiberglass frame is further woven with steel wire or binding rope to form a barrier net, which is separated from the escape pipe to form a buffer gap.

[0015] Preferably, the air supply system further includes an air storage tank and an air compressor. The air storage tank and the air compressor are connected by pipelines. The air storage tank is connected to the air supply duct. The air compressor pumps air into the air storage tank and supplies air into the escape duct through the air storage tank.

[0016] Preferably, airbag boxes are fixedly installed on the fiberglass frame near the openings at both ends of the escape pipe. Each airbag box contains an inflatable airbag and a compressed air cylinder. The lower end of the airbag box is connected to the hollow channel of the escape pipe. The inflatable airbag and the compressed air cylinder are connected by an electromagnetic opening and closing pipe. The electromagnetic opening and closing pipe is opened under the drive of the opening and closing control device. When the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe is opened, the compressed gas stored in the compressed air cylinder enters the inflatable airbag and causes it to expand. The expanded inflatable airbag abuts against the inner wall of the opening ends on both sides of the escape pipe, thereby isolating the internal and external environments of the escape pipe through the inflatable airbag.

[0017] Preferably, the opening and closing control device that drives the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe to open is an emergency button installed inside the escape pipe. The emergency button is electrically connected to the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe through an electric wire installed on the inner wall of the escape pipe. The escapee can open the inflatable airbag by pressing the emergency button.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] This invention features electrically driven wheels at the four corners of the bottom of the fiberglass frame, allowing the device to be easily adjusted according to the construction progress, thus ensuring the safety of construction inside the tunnel. Furthermore, by installing a crossbeam at the top of the escape pipe and adding a barrier net, the invention effectively buffers falling rocks from above, further ensuring the safety of the escape pipe.

[0020] This invention also incorporates airbag boxes at the openings at both ends of the escape tunnel. When escaping personnel enter the escape tunnel, they open the electromagnetic insulator, allowing gas from the compressed gas cylinder to enter the inflatable airbag. The inflatable airbag seals both ends of the escape tunnel, preventing dust from entering and thus ensuring the health and safety of those escaping inside. Furthermore, the inflatable airbag is elastic and can be easily opened to create an internal and external passage. Therefore, opening the inflatable airbag does not impede the normal entry of those escaping from the outside, further guaranteeing their right to life and health. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the air supply duct and the air storage tank of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the airbag box installation structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the barrier net installation structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal installation structure of the airbag box of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Escape pipe, 2. Fiberglass frame, 3. I-beam, 4. Crossbeam, 5. Column, 6. Drive wheel, 7. Air supply duct, 8. Angle steel, 9. Barrier net, 10. Air tank, 11. Air compressor, 12. Airbag box, 13. Inflatable airbag, 14. Compressed air cylinder, 15. Electromagnetic opening and closing pipe, 16. Emergency button. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] A tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system includes:

[0030] Escape Tunnel 1 is a hollow passage that runs through both ends, and the hollow passage is used for escapers to crawl into.

[0031] The fiberglass frame 2 and the escape pipe 1 are centrally located inside the fiberglass frame 2. The fiberglass frame 2 runs longitudinally through the entire escape pipe 1. The fiberglass frame 2 is composed of four I-beams 3, several crossbeams 4 and columns 5. The I-beams 3 are arranged parallel to each other at the four longitudinal corners of the escape pipe 1. Several crossbeams 4 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the I-beams 3 arranged parallel to each other on the upper and lower sides of the escape pipe 1. Several columns 5 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the I-beams 3 arranged parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the escape pipe 1.

[0032] Drive rubber wheels 6 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the bottom of the fiberglass frame 2. Drive rubber wheels 6 rotate under the drive of drive motors fixedly connected to their respective axles.

[0033] The gas supply system includes a gas supply duct 7, which is connected to the internal hollow channel through an assembly flange interface installed on the side wall of the escape pipe 1. The gas supply duct 7 extends out of the tunnel and is connected to the gas supply device, which supplies gas to the escape pipe 1 through the gas supply duct 7.

[0034] The device primarily consists of an escape tunnel 1 and a fiberglass frame 2. It employs a design approach that combines optimized impact resistance with lightweight construction. The escape tunnel 1 is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and the fiberglass frame 2 is integrated with drive wheels 6 in a composite structure. HDPE is a special engineering plastic that combines lightweight construction with high strength. Its molecular weight ranges from 1.5 million to 8 million g / mol, and its crystallinity is as high as 85% to 95%, exhibiting strong impact resistance, wear resistance, and low-temperature resistance. At room temperature, its notched impact strength is ≥100 kJ / m², more than five times that of ordinary carbon steel. It maintains excellent toughness within a temperature range of -200℃ to +80℃, making it suitable for low-temperature or high-altitude environments. The wear resistance of this material is 6 to 7 times that of carbon steel, with a dynamic friction coefficient of only 0.1 to 0.2. Its hydrophobic surface does not easily attract mud and sand, reducing the risk of debris accumulation blocking the escape route during tunnel collapses. The material has a density of only 0.93~0.94g / cm³, and its mass is about 1 / 8 that of steel. It also has strong corrosion resistance and aging resistance. By adding UV agents, its service life can reach more than 20 years.When impacted, the pipeline absorbs energy through molecular chain slippage, achieving an impact resistance of 50kJ / m², meeting the impact resistance standards for tunnel escape pipelines. The fiberglass frame 2 is based on fiberglass, a material with a density of only 1.5~2.0g / cm³, approximately 1 / 4~1 / 5 that of steel, yet possessing tensile strength comparable to ordinary carbon steel, demonstrating significant lightweight advantages. Through fiber layup design, its mechanical properties can be anisotropically controlled, precisely optimizing the structural load-bearing capacity. I16 I-beam steel bars 3 serve as the main supports at the four corners, while the remaining parts utilize small-sized profiles such as cylindrical, angle steel, and I-beams, ensuring overall rigidity while reducing weight. The use of these materials aims to create a [combination of...] This highly efficient escape route combines effectiveness, practicality, and universality. Specifically designed for emergency situations, it ensures that the escape tunnel 1 maintains unobstructed escape space even in the event of accidents such as door closures or collapses. It effectively addresses the shortcomings of traditional escape tunnels, such as immobility, large space occupation, and poor structural strength. As shown in the attached diagram, the escape tunnel 1 and fiberglass frame 2 employ a concentric nested structure. The main structure of the fiberglass frame 2 uses a rectangular cross-section frame composed of four I-beams 3, ensuring overall rigidity and stability. The length of a single escape tunnel 1 is determined based on the specific engineering escape system setup, with a total length of approximately 12m, an outer diameter of 800mm, a wall thickness of 30mm, and an inner diameter of approximately 740mm. The system provides ample space for personnel passage and can be combined with multiple escape pipes 1 and fiberglass frames 2 to form a longer continuous escape passage. Based on the ordinary section of fiberglass frame 2, diagonal steel 8 or diagonal bracing steel wire is added for fixed connection to form a spatial truss structure. This design significantly improves the bending and compressive strength of fiberglass frame 2 through multi-point anchoring and triangular force system, ensuring that the escape space can still be effectively guaranteed even under extreme conditions such as collapse or rockfall impact. The top of fiberglass frame 2 is equipped with a barrier net 9, which is 150 mm higher than the top of escape pipe 1 and connected to the upper flange of fiberglass frame 2 by steel wire or binding rope. It can effectively intercept flying rocks and debris, ensuring the safety and unobstructed passage of the escape passage, and at the same time, it plays a buffering role against the impact of collapse and rockfall on the escape system. The overall height of the device is about 1.2 m and the width is about 1 m. The overall structure is compact and lightweight. The entire escape system is arranged close to the tunnel sidewall to minimize the occupation of construction space and ensure that construction machinery can pass smoothly.Furthermore, when crossing the invert arch section, the 12-meter-long fiberglass frame 2 can support the arch without the need for additional temporary support structures. This not only simplifies the construction process but also significantly reduces interference with the construction progress, further improving project efficiency and safety. At the bottom of the fiberglass frame 2, there are wear-resistant drive wheels 6 driven by motors, each with a radius of 25cm. These wheels can lift the bottom of the escape pipe 1 to a height of about 25cm off the ground, adapting to rubble-covered surfaces. Therefore, the device does not require a subbase layer for its travel route; only larger rocks on the road surface need to be moved. The evenly distributed wheel design, combined with the mechanical optimization of the frame, ensures the stability of the escape pipe 1 in both moving and stationary states. The entire escape tunnel is mounted on a motor-driven drive wheel 6. After initial installation, the entire construction process requires no disassembly, installation, or manual handling. It can move forward by relying on the system motor, saving construction labor and time costs. The air supply system of this escape system consists of a 5cm inner diameter rubber air supply duct 7 placed inside the fiberglass frame near the side wall, connected to the air tank 10 and air compressor 11. The air supply duct 7 is fixed to the fiberglass frame 21 by steel bars and is placed in the corner of the fiberglass frame 2, which can better ensure its safety in the event of a door collapse. The air supply duct 7 is connected to the air tank 14 and air compressor 11 through pipes, thereby ensuring that air can be supplied to the escape tunnel 1 in extreme situations. In addition, life support pipes can be connected to the escape tunnel 1 to deliver drinking water and food to the escape personnel in extreme situations.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] An airbag box 12 is fixedly installed on the fiberglass frame 2 near the openings at both ends of the escape pipe 1. The airbag box 12 contains an inflatable airbag 13 and a compressed air cylinder 14. The lower end of the airbag box 12 is connected to the hollow channel of the escape pipe 1. The inflatable airbag 13 and the compressed air cylinder 14 are connected by an electromagnetic opening and closing pipe 15. The electromagnetic opening and closing pipe 15 is opened under the drive of the opening and closing control device. When the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe 15 is opened, the compressed gas stored in the compressed air cylinder 14 enters the inflatable airbag 13 and causes it to expand. The expanded inflatable airbag 13 abuts against the inner wall of the opening ends on both sides of the escape pipe 1, thereby isolating the internal and external environments of the escape pipe 1 through the inflatable airbag 13.

[0037] The opening and closing control device that drives the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe 15 to open is an emergency button 16 installed inside the escape pipe 1. The emergency button is electrically connected to the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe 15 through an electric wire installed on the inner wall of the escape pipe 1. Escapers can open the inflatable airbag 13 by pressing the emergency button 16.

[0038] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes airbag boxes 12 installed on both sides of the escape pipe 1 of each system. The upper end of the airbag box 12 is flush with the upper surface of the fiberglass frame 2. Inside, there are inflatable airbags 13 and compressed gas cylinders 14. The inflatable airbags 13 and compressed gas cylinders 14 utilize mature existing technologies. It is necessary to ensure that the inner diameter of the inflatable airbag 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the escape pipe 1 when inflated, thereby effectively sealing both ends of the escape pipe 1. The compressed gas cylinders 14 need to be filled with enough gas to inflate the inflatable airbags 13. Multiple small-sized compressed gas cylinders 14 can be stacked. The compressed gas cylinders 14 are connected to the inflatable airbags 13 via an electromagnetic opening and closing pipe 15. When not inflated, the inflatable airbags 13 are retracted within the airbag box 12. Furthermore, the escape pipe 1 at the location of the inflatable airbag 13 also has a connecting hole for the inflatable airbag 13 to pass through, thereby ensuring that the inflatable airbag 13 can be opened smoothly when inflated. The inflatable airbag 13 is opened by pressing the emergency button 16. In addition, collision sensing and gas pollutant concentration detection sensors can be installed in the airbag box 12. When a falling rock impact or gas pollutant concentration exceeds the standard, it will automatically open to ensure the safety of the escape pipe 1. The inflatable airbag 13 can isolate dust from the external environment and allow people to easily enter the escape pipe 1. Compared with the setting of more technical escape doors, this setting is safer and fully guarantees the right to life and health of all escapers.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction collapse escape system, characterized in that, include: An escape tunnel, which is a hollow passage that runs through both ends, with the hollow passage for people to crawl into. The escape pipe is centrally located inside the fiberglass frame, which runs longitudinally through the entire escape pipe. The fiberglass frame consists of four I-beams, several crossbeams, and columns. The I-beams are arranged parallel to each other at the four longitudinal corners of the escape pipe. Several crossbeams are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the I-beams arranged parallel to each other on the upper and lower sides of the escape pipe. Several columns are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the I-beams arranged parallel to each other on the left and right sides of the escape pipe. The fiberglass frame has four driving rubber wheels fixedly installed at its bottom corners. The driving rubber wheels rotate under the drive of a driving motor fixedly connected to their respective axles. An air supply system, comprising an air supply duct, which is connected to an internal hollow channel via an assembly flange interface installed on the side wall of the escape pipe. The air supply duct extends outward from the tunnel and is connected to an air supply device, which supplies air to the escape pipe through the air supply duct.

2. The tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The I-beams on both sides of the escape pipe are also fixedly connected by angled steel or diagonal bracing.

3. The tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper flange of the fiberglass frame is also woven with steel wire or binding rope to form a barrier net, which is separated from the escape pipe to form a buffer gap.

4. The tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply system also includes a gas storage tank and an air compressor. The gas storage tank and the air compressor are connected by pipelines. The gas storage tank is connected to the gas supply duct. The air compressor pumps air into the gas storage tank and supplies air into the escape duct through the gas storage tank.

5. A tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Airbag boxes are fixedly installed on the fiberglass frame near the openings at both ends of the escape pipe. Each airbag box contains an inflatable airbag and a compressed gas cylinder. The lower end of the airbag box is connected to the hollow channel of the escape pipe. The inflatable airbag and the compressed gas cylinder are connected by an electromagnetic opening and closing pipe. The electromagnetic opening and closing pipe is opened under the drive of the opening and closing control device. When the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe is opened, the compressed gas stored in the compressed gas cylinder enters the inflatable airbag and causes it to expand. The expanded inflatable airbag abuts against the inner wall of the opening ends on both sides of the escape pipe, thereby isolating the internal and external environments of the escape pipe through the inflatable airbag.

6. A tunnel construction door closure collapse escape system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening and closing control device that drives the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe is an emergency button installed inside the escape pipe. The emergency button is electrically connected to the electromagnetic opening and closing pipe through an electric wire installed on the inner wall of the escape pipe. Escapers can open the inflatable airbag by pressing the emergency button.

Images