Fuel cell heat exchange system and vehicle

Abstract

This utility model discloses a heat exchange system for a fuel cell and a vehicle thereof. The heat exchange system for the fuel cell includes: a fuel cell stack; a hydrogen heat exchanger connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack; and an intercooler connected in series with the hydrogen heat exchanger, located at the inlet end of the hydrogen heat exchanger. Compressed air from an air compressor is cooled at the intercooler, and coolant is selectively introduced into the fuel cell stack or the intercooler. By connecting the intercooler and the hydrogen heat exchanger in series, efficient preheating of the hydrogen entering the stack can be achieved, reducing the temperature difference between the hydrogen entering the stack, the fuel cell stack temperature, and the air entering the stack. This eliminates the risk of fuel cell flooding caused by water vapor liquefaction in the mixed hydrogen, improving system performance stability. Secondly, it can fully utilize the coolant flow rate, reducing power consumption and improving system efficiency. In addition, it can reduce system piping and valves, minimizing system complexity and cost, and improving system integration and practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a heat exchange system for a fuel cell and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the heat exchange system of a fuel cell draws a coolant line from the stack coolant line to heat the hydrogen. However, the existing heat exchange system of a fuel cell also has significant drawbacks: the amount of heat required for hydrogen is relatively small, and the design does not consider the impact of hydrogen heating on the power consumption of the first water pump, which will lead to an increase in the power consumption of the first water pump and a reduction in the efficiency of the fuel cell system. Secondly, the addition of a flow regulating valve reduces the system integration and increases the system cost. In addition, the intercooler used for air cooling in the heat exchange system of the fuel cell is not fully utilized, resulting in a lower hydrogen heating effect and a more complex system structure. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a heat exchange system for a fuel cell, which can improve system performance stability, increase system efficiency, and enhance system integration and practicality.

[0004] This utility model further proposes a vehicle.

[0005] The heat exchange system for a fuel cell according to this utility model includes: a fuel cell stack; a hydrogen heat exchanger, wherein the hydrogen heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack; and an intercooler, wherein the intercooler is connected in series with the hydrogen heat exchanger and is located at the inlet end of the hydrogen heat exchanger. Compressed air from an air compressor is cooled at the intercooler, and coolant is selectively introduced into the fuel cell stack or the intercooler.

[0006] According to the heat exchange system of the fuel cell of this utility model, by connecting the intercooler and the hydrogen plate heat exchanger in series, the hydrogen entering the stack can be preheated efficiently, reducing the temperature difference between the hydrogen entering the stack, the stack temperature, and the air temperature entering the stack. This can eliminate the risk of stack flooding caused by water vapor liquefaction in the mixed hydrogen, and improve the stability of system performance. Secondly, it can make full use of the coolant flow rate, reduce power consumption, and improve system efficiency. In addition, it can reduce system pipelines and valves, minimize system complexity and cost, and improve system integration and practicality.

[0007] In some examples of this utility model, the heat exchange system of the fuel cell further includes: a flow distribution channel, which is arranged in parallel with the hydrogen plate heat exchanger and in series with the intercooler.

[0008] In some examples of this utility model, the heat exchange system of the fuel cell further includes: a first heat exchange component, the first heat exchange component including: a first PTC heater and a first radiator, the first PTC heater being connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack, the outlet end of the first PTC heater being selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack and the inlet end of the intercooler, the first radiator being connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack, and the outlet end of the first radiator being selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack and the inlet end of the intercooler.

[0009] In some examples of this utility model, the first heat exchange component further includes: a first water pump, the inlet of which is selectively connected to the outlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the outlet of which is selectively connected to the inlet of the first PTC heater and the inlet of the first radiator.

[0010] In some examples of this utility model, the first heat exchange component further includes: a first four-way valve, which is provided with a first connection port, a second connection port, a third connection port and a fourth connection port. The first connection port is connected to the outlet end of the first water pump, the second connection port is connected to the inlet end of the first PTC heater, and the third connection port is connected to the inlet end of the first radiator.

[0011] In some examples of this utility model, the heat exchange system of the fuel cell further includes: a heat exchanger and a second heat exchange component. The heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet. The fourth connection port is connected to the first inlet. The first outlet is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack and the inlet end of the intercooler. The second heat exchange component is connected to the second inlet and the second outlet respectively.

[0012] In some examples of this utility model, the second heat exchange component includes: a second PTC heater and a second radiator, wherein the inlet end of the second PTC heater is selectively connected to the second outlet and the outlet end of the second radiator, the outlet end of the second PTC heater is connected to the second inlet, the inlet end of the second radiator is connected to the second outlet, and the outlet end of the second radiator is selectively connected to the second inlet and the inlet end of the second PTC heater.

[0013] In some examples of this utility model, the second heat exchange component further includes: a second water pump, the inlet of which is connected to the second outlet, and the outlet of which is selectively connected to the inlet of the second PTC heater and the inlet of the second radiator.

[0014] In some examples of this utility model, the second heat exchange component further includes: a second four-way valve, which is provided with a fifth connection port, a sixth connection port, a seventh connection port and an eighth connection port. The fifth connection port is connected to the outlet end of the second radiator, the sixth connection port is connected to the second inlet, the seventh connection port is connected to the inlet end of the second PTC heater, and the eighth connection port is connected to the outlet end of the second water pump.

[0015] The vehicle according to this utility model includes: the heat exchange system of the fuel cell described above.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the heat exchange system of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label:

[0020] 1. Heat exchange system for fuel cells;

[0021] 10. Fuel cell stack; 20. Hydrogen heat exchanger plate; 30. Intercooler; 40. Diversion channel; 50. First heat exchange assembly; 500. First PTC heater; 501. First radiator; 502. First water pump; 503. First four-way valve; 504. First connection port; 505. Second connection port; 506. Third connection port; 507. Fourth connection port; 60. Heat exchanger; 600. First inlet; 601. First outlet; 602. Second inlet; 603. Second outlet; 70. Second heat exchange assembly; 700. Second PTC heater; 701. Second radiator; 702. Second water pump; 703. Second four-way valve; 704. Fifth connection port; 705. Sixth connection port; 706. Seventh connection port; 707. Eighth connection port. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0023] The following is for reference. Figure 1 A heat exchange system 1 for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a fuel cell stack 10, a hydrogen heat exchanger 20, and an intercooler 30. The fuel cell stack 10 is the core part of the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell, in which hydrogen and oxygen can undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electricity, water, and heat. The hydrogen heat exchanger 20 can be used to heat the hydrogen. Hydrogen from the hydrogen storage device can be heated at the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 before entering the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 10. The intercooler 30 can be used to cool the air. Compressed air from the air compressor can be cooled at the intercooler 30 before entering the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack 10.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 10, and the intercooler 30 is connected in series with the hydrogen heat exchanger 20. The intercooler 30 is located at the inlet end of the hydrogen heat exchanger 20. Compressed air from the air compressor is cooled at the intercooler 30, and coolant is selectively introduced into either the fuel cell stack 10 or the intercooler 30. The hydrogen heat exchanger 20 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 10, allowing the hydrogen from the hydrogen storage device to be heated at the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 before entering the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 10, achieving efficient preheating of the incoming hydrogen. The intercooler 30 is connected in series with the hydrogen heat exchanger 20, ensuring that the coolant temperature at the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 is higher than the coolant temperature entering the fuel cell stack 10. The intercooler 30 is located at the inlet end of the hydrogen heat exchanger 20, and its outlet end is connected to the inlet end of the hydrogen heat exchanger 20, achieving a connection between the intercooler 30 and the fuel cell stack 10. The hydrogen heat exchangers 20 are connected in series. The compressed air from the air compressor is cooled at the intercooler 30. At this point, the coolant in the intercooler 30 absorbs heat. Therefore, the coolant temperature entering the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 is higher than the coolant temperature entering the fuel cell stack 10. This improves both the heating efficiency and the hydrogen temperature, and ensures that the heated hydrogen temperature is equal to or closer to the cooled air temperature. This allows the heated hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit to react more effectively with the hydrogen transferred from the hydrogen circulation system. When hydrogen with high temperature and humidity is mixed, the overall temperature of the mixed gas will not drop significantly, and water vapor in the mixed gas will not liquefy into water droplets. This eliminates the risk of water droplets entering the fuel cell stack 10 and causing flooding. This improves the performance output stability, lifespan, and safety of the fuel cell stack 10. Secondly, the coolant flow can be fully utilized to reduce power consumption and improve system efficiency. In addition, the number of system pipes and valves can be reduced, minimizing system complexity and cost, and improving system integration and practicality. The coolant can be selectively introduced into the fuel cell stack 10 or the intercooler 30. The coolant can be introduced into both the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30. In actual operation, the heat dissipation of the air and the heating of the hydrogen are relatively low compared to the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack 10. Therefore, a small portion of the coolant flows into the series pipeline of the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to cool the air and heat the hydrogen, while a large portion of the coolant flows into the fuel cell stack 10 to cool it down. This can meet the requirements of efficient preheating of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage device and heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack 10.

[0026] Therefore, by connecting the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen plate heat exchanger 20 in series, efficient preheating of the hydrogen entering the reactor can be achieved, reducing the temperature difference between the hydrogen entering the reactor, the reactor stack 10, and the air entering the reactor. This eliminates the risk of water flooding of the reactor stack 10 caused by the liquefaction of water vapor in the mixed hydrogen, improving system performance stability. Secondly, it can make full use of the coolant flow rate, reduce power consumption, and improve system efficiency. In addition, it can reduce system piping and valves, minimize system complexity and cost, and improve system integration and practicality.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell also includes a flow branch channel 40, which is connected in parallel with the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 and in series with the intercooler 30. The flow branch channel 40 can be used for coolant diversion, which can reduce the total flow resistance of the series pipeline between the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20. The flow branch channel 40 is connected in parallel with the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 and in series with the intercooler 30. In actual operating conditions, the amount of hydrogen required for heating at the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 is less than the amount of air required for cooling at the intercooler 30. By setting the flow branch channel 40, the total flow resistance of the series pipeline between the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 can be reduced while meeting the heating requirements of hydrogen at the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 and the cooling requirements of air at the intercooler 30.

[0028] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell further includes: a first heat exchange component 50, the first heat exchange component 50 including: a first PTC heater 500 and a first radiator 501, the first PTC heater 500 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 10, the outlet end of the first PTC heater 500 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the inlet end of the intercooler 30, the first radiator 501 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 10, and the outlet end of the first radiator 501 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the inlet end of the intercooler 30.

[0029] It should be noted that the first heat exchange component 50 mainly serves a heat dissipation function, ensuring that the fuel cell stack 10 operates within an ideal temperature range. The first heat exchange component 50 includes a first PTC heater 500 and a first radiator 501. The first PTC heater 500 and the first radiator 501 are components of the first heat exchange component 50. The first PTC heater 500 is a heater that uses a positive temperature coefficient thermistor as the heating element and serves a heating function. The first radiator 501 serves a heat dissipation function, dissipating heat generated by electronic components or mechanical devices to the surrounding environment. The first PTC heater 500 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 10. The first PTC heater 500 heats the coolant, thereby raising its temperature. This allows the coolant before entering the fuel cell stack 10 to gain heat, heating the stack and enabling it to quickly reach its normal operating temperature, which is beneficial for rapid low-temperature start-up of the fuel cell. The outlet of the first PTC heater 500... The first PTC heater 500 can be selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the inlet end of the intercooler 30. This allows a small portion of the heated coolant to flow into the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to heat the air and hydrogen, achieving rapid and efficient preheating of the hydrogen and air. A large portion of the heated coolant can enter the fuel cell stack 10 to heat it, rapidly raising its temperature to normal operating temperature. The first radiator 50... 1. Connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack 10, the first radiator 501 can be used to release the heat carried by the fuel cell stack 10, so that the coolant temperature can reach the set inlet temperature. The outlet end of the first radiator 501 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the inlet end of the intercooler 30. The first radiator 501 can be connected to the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30. In this way, the first radiator 501 can allow the coolant that has reached the set temperature to enter the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30, thereby realizing heat dissipation at the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30.

[0030] In addition, such as Figure 1As shown, the first heat exchange assembly 50 further includes: a first water pump 502, the inlet end of which is selectively connected to the outlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the outlet end of the hydrogen plate heat exchanger 20, and the outlet end of which is selectively connected to the inlet end of the first PTC heater 500 and the inlet end of the first radiator 501. The first water pump 502 is a component of the first heat exchange assembly 50. The first water pump 502 can drive the coolant to circulate throughout the entire cooling system 1, ensuring that the coolant can effectively flow from the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to the first radiator 501 for cooling, or ensuring that the coolant can effectively flow from the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to the first PTC heater 500 for heating. The inlet of the first water pump 502 is selectively connected to the outlet of the fuel cell stack 10 and the outlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger 20, and the outlet of the first water pump 502 is selectively connected to the inlet of the first PTC heater 500 and the inlet of the first radiator 501. The inlet and outlet ends of the first water pump 502 are respectively connected to the fuel cell stack 10, the hydrogen heat exchanger 20, and the first PTC heater 500. The first radiator 501 is connected, so that the first water pump 502 can ensure that the coolant can effectively flow from the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to the first radiator 501 for cooling. Then, the coolant that has reached the set temperature enters the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30, thereby achieving heat dissipation at the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30. Alternatively, it can ensure that the coolant can effectively flow from the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to the first PTC heater 500 for heating. After heating, a small portion of the coolant can flow into the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to heat the air and hydrogen, thereby achieving rapid and efficient preheating of hydrogen and air. A large portion of the heated coolant can enter the fuel cell stack 10 to heat the fuel cell stack 10, allowing the fuel cell stack 10 to quickly reach the normal operating temperature.

[0031] Of course, such as Figure 1As shown, the first heat exchange component 50 further includes: a first four-way valve 503, which is provided with a first connection port 504, a second connection port 505, a third connection port 506 and a fourth connection port 507. The first connection port 504 is connected to the outlet end of the first water pump 502, the second connection port 505 is connected to the inlet end of the first PTC heater 500, and the third connection port 506 is connected to the inlet end of the first radiator 501. It should be noted that the first four-way valve 503 is a component of the first heat exchange assembly 50. The first four-way valve 503 allows the heat exchange system 1 to adjust the flow direction and distribution of the coolant according to demand, and can change the proportion of coolant flowing through different paths. The first four-way valve 503 is provided with a first connection port 504, a second connection port 505, a third connection port 506, and a fourth connection port 507. All four connection ports 504, 505, 506, and 507 can serve as connections, allowing the first four-way valve 503 to communicate with other components. The first connection port 504 is connected to the outlet end of the first water pump 502, at which time the coolant in the first water pump 502 can flow through the first four-way valve 503 via the first connection port 504. The second connection port 505 is connected to the inlet end of the first PTC heater 500, at which time the coolant flowing through the first four-way valve 503... The coolant in the four-way valve 503 can be introduced into the first PTC heater 500 through the second connection port 505, which can heat the coolant. The third connection port 506 is connected to the inlet end of the first radiator 501. At this time, the coolant flowing through the four-way valve 503 can be introduced into the first radiator 501 through the third connection port 506, which can cool the coolant. The first connection port 504, the second connection port 505 and the third connection port 506 are respectively connected to the first water pump 502, the first PTC heater 500 and the first radiator 501. At this time, the four-way valve 503 can flexibly manage the flow path of the coolant between the first water pump 502, the first PTC heater 500 and the first radiator 501. It can adjust the flow direction and distribution of the coolant according to different operating conditions to optimize the working temperature of each component.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell also includes: a heat exchanger 60 and a second heat exchange component 70. The heat exchanger 60 is provided with a first inlet 600, a first outlet 601, a second inlet 602 and a second outlet 603. A fourth connection port 507 is connected to the first inlet 600. The first outlet 601 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the inlet end of the intercooler 30. The second heat exchange component 70 is connected to the second inlet 602 and the second outlet 603 respectively. The heat exchanger 60 and the second heat exchange assembly 70 are components of the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell. The heat exchanger 60 enables heat exchange with the coolant, while the second heat exchange assembly 70 primarily serves a heat dissipation function, ensuring that the fuel cell stack 10 operates within an ideal temperature range. The heat exchanger 60 is equipped with a first inlet 600, a first outlet 601, a second inlet 602, and a second outlet 603. The first inlet 600 and the second inlet 602 allow coolant to enter the heat exchanger 60, while the first outlet 601 and the second outlet 603 allow the cooled coolant to exit the heat exchanger 60 after heat exchange. A fourth connection port 507 is connected to the first inlet 600. The coolant flowing through the first four-way valve 503 can flow into the heat exchanger 60 through the fourth connection port 507, thereby achieving heat exchange. The first outlet 601 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 10 and the inlet end of the intercooler 30. At this time, the coolant after heat exchange can flow into the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30, which can achieve heat dissipation or heating at the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30. The second heat exchange component 70 is connected to the second inlet 602 and the second outlet 603 respectively. At this time, the coolant in the second heat exchange component 70 can exchange heat with the heat exchanger 60, thereby achieving heat dissipation or heating at the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30.

[0033] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second heat exchange assembly 70 includes: a second PTC heater 700 and a second radiator 701. The inlet end of the second PTC heater 700 is selectively connected to the second outlet 603 and the outlet end of the second radiator 701. The outlet end of the second PTC heater 700 is connected to the second inlet 602. The inlet end of the second radiator 701 is connected to the second outlet 603. The outlet end of the second radiator 701 is selectively connected to the second inlet 602 and the inlet end of the second PTC heater 700.

[0034] It should be noted that the second PTC heater 700 and the second radiator 701 are components of the second heat exchange assembly 70. The second PTC heater 700 is a heater that uses a positive temperature coefficient thermistor as the heating element and can perform a heating function. The second radiator 701 can perform a heat dissipation function, dissipating the heat generated by electronic components or mechanical devices to the surrounding environment. The inlet of the second PTC heater 700 is selectively connected to the outlet of the second outlet 603 and the outlet of the second radiator 701. At this time, the second PTC heater 700 can heat the coolant at the heat exchanger 60 and the radiator 701, thereby raising the temperature of the coolant. This allows the coolant before entering the fuel cell stack 10 to gain heat, and when the coolant enters the fuel cell stack 10, it can heat the fuel cell stack 10, thereby rapidly raising the temperature of the fuel cell stack 10 to the normal operating temperature, which is beneficial for achieving rapid low-temperature start-up of the fuel cell. The outlet of the second PTC heater 700 is connected to the second inlet 602. At this time, the high-temperature coolant at the second PTC heater 700 can flow to the heat exchanger 60 through the second inlet 602 to achieve heat exchange. The inlet of the second radiator 701 is connected to the second outlet 603. At this time, the second radiator 701 can dissipate heat to the coolant at the heat exchanger 60, thereby achieving cooling of the coolant. The outlet of the second radiator 701 is selectively connected to the second inlet 602 and the inlet of the second PTC heater 700. At this time, the coolant of the second radiator 701 can undergo heat exchange through the heat exchanger 60 or be heated through the second PTC heater 700, thereby raising the temperature of the coolant. This allows the coolant before entering the fuel cell stack 10 to obtain heat. When the coolant enters the fuel cell stack 10, it can heat the fuel cell stack 10, thereby rapidly raising the temperature of the fuel cell stack 10 to the normal operating temperature, which is beneficial for achieving rapid low-temperature start-up of the fuel cell.

[0035] It should be noted that, as Figure 1As shown, the second heat exchange assembly 70 further includes a second water pump 702. The inlet end of the second water pump 702 is connected to the second outlet 603, and the outlet end of the second water pump 702 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the second PTC heater 700 and the inlet end of the second radiator 701. The second water pump 702 is a component of the second heat exchange assembly 70. The second water pump 702 can drive the coolant to circulate throughout the entire cooling system 1, ensuring that the coolant can effectively flow from the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen plate heat exchanger 20 to the second radiator 701 for cooling, or ensuring that the coolant can effectively flow from the fuel cell stack 10 and the hydrogen plate heat exchanger 20 to the second PTC heater 700 for heating. The inlet end of the second water pump 702 is connected to the second outlet 603, and the outlet end of the second water pump 702 is selectively connected to the inlet end of the second PTC heater 700 and the inlet end of the second radiator 701. The inlet and outlet ends of the second water pump 702 are respectively connected to the inlet end of the heat exchanger 60 and the second PTC heater 700, and the second radiator 701. The radiator 701 is connected so that the second water pump 702 can ensure that the coolant can effectively flow from the heat exchanger 60 to the second radiator 701 for cooling. Then, the coolant that has reached the set temperature enters the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30 to achieve heat dissipation at the fuel cell stack 10 and the intercooler 30. Alternatively, it can ensure that the coolant can effectively flow from the heat exchanger 60 to the second PTC heater 700 for heating. After heating, a small portion of the coolant can flow into the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen plate heat exchanger 20 to heat the air and hydrogen, thereby achieving rapid and efficient preheating of the hydrogen and air. A large portion of the heated coolant can enter the fuel cell stack 10 to heat the fuel cell stack 10, allowing the fuel cell stack 10 to quickly reach the normal operating temperature.

[0036] In addition, such as Figure 1As shown, the second heat exchange assembly 70 further includes a second four-way valve 703, which is provided with a fifth connection port 704, a sixth connection port 705, a seventh connection port 706 and an eighth connection port 707. The fifth connection port 704 is connected to the outlet end of the second radiator 701, the sixth connection port 705 is connected to the second inlet 602, the seventh connection port 706 is connected to the inlet end of the second PTC heater 700, and the eighth connection port 707 is connected to the outlet end of the second water pump 702. It should be noted that the second four-way valve 703 is a component of the second heat exchange assembly 70. The second four-way valve 703 allows the heat exchange system 1 to adjust the flow direction and distribution of the coolant according to demand, and can change the proportion of coolant flowing through different paths. The second four-way valve 703 is equipped with a fifth connection port 704, a sixth connection port 705, a seventh connection port 706, and an eighth connection port 707. These ports can all function as connections, allowing the second four-way valve 703 to communicate with other components. The fifth connection port 704 is connected to the outlet end of the second radiator 701, at which point the coolant in the second radiator 701 can flow through the second four-way valve 703 via the fifth connection port 704. The sixth connection port 705 is connected to the second inlet 602, at which point the coolant flowing through the second four-way valve 703 can enter the heat exchanger 60 through the sixth connection port 705 for heat exchange. The seventh connection port 706 is connected to the inlet end of the second PTC heater 700. At this time, the coolant flowing through the second four-way valve 703 can enter the second PTC heater 700 through the seventh connection port 706, thereby achieving the heating of the coolant. The eighth connection port 707 is connected to the outlet end of the second water pump 702. At this time, the coolant in the second water pump 702 can flow through the second four-way valve 703 through the eighth connection port 707. The fifth connection port 704, the sixth connection port 705, the seventh connection port 706, and the eighth connection port 707 are respectively connected to the second radiator 701, the heat exchanger 60, the second PTC heater 700, and the second water pump 702. At this time, the second four-way valve 703 can flexibly manage the flow path of the coolant between the second radiator 701, the heat exchanger 60, the second PTC heater 700, and the second water pump 702. It can adjust the flow direction and distribution of the coolant according to different operating conditions to optimize the operating temperature of each component.

[0037] Optionally, rapid low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell: When the fuel cell has been shut down for a period of time and the ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature, the fuel cell initiates a low-temperature cold start procedure. To achieve rapid low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell, the first connection port 504, the second connection port 505, and the fourth connection port 507 of the first four-way valve 503 are opened, and the third connection port 506 is closed. The seventh connection port 706 and the eighth connection port 707 of the second four-way valve 703 are opened, and the sixth connection port 705 is closed. The first radiator 501 and the second radiator 701 are closed, and the first water pump 502 and the second water pump 702 are turned on. The first PTC heater 500 and the second PTC heater 700 are turned on. At this time, the heat generated by the second PTC heater 700 is transferred through the heat exchanger 60 to the coolant coming from the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 of the first four-way valve 503, causing the coolant to heat up. The heat generated by the first PTC heater 500 is transferred through the heat exchanger 60 to the coolant coming from the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 of the first four-way valve 503. The coolant from port 504 and port 507 is heated; the coolant from port 504 and port 505 is mixed before entering the fuel cell stack 10, thus maximizing the heat received by the coolant before entering the fuel cell stack 10. A small portion of the mixed coolant flows into the intercooler 30 and the hydrogen heat exchanger 20 to heat the air and hydrogen, achieving rapid and efficient preheating of the air and hydrogen; a large portion enters the fuel cell stack 10 to heat the fuel cell stack 10. This allows the fuel cell stack 10 to heat up rapidly to its normal operating temperature. In this way, rapid low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell can be prioritized. The coolant flowing through the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 can bypass the first radiator 501, and the coolant flowing through the seventh connection port 706 and the eighth connection port 707 can bypass the second radiator 701. This can minimize the flow resistance of the coolant, thereby reducing the power consumption of the first water pump 502 and the second water pump 702 and improving the overall efficiency of the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell.

[0038] Efficient utilization of fuel cell waste heat: 1. When there is a heating demand, and the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the set temperature, the fuel cell stack 10 needs to dissipate heat. However, the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 10 is insufficient to meet the heating demand. The first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 of the first four-way valve 503 are opened, and the second connection port 505 and the third connection port 506 are closed. The fifth connection port 704 and the seventh connection port 706 of the second four-way valve 703 are opened, and the sixth connection port 705 and the eighth connection port 707 are closed. The first water pump 502 and the second water pump 702 are turned on. The first PTC heater 500 is turned off, and the second PTC heater 700 is turned on. The first radiator 501 is turned off, and the second radiator 701 is turned on. At this time, the heat required for heating comes from both the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 10 and the heat released by the second PTC heater 700. After the coolant carrying the residual heat from the fuel cell stack 10 flows through the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507, it transfers the residual heat from the fuel cell stack 10 to the heating coolant at the heat exchanger 60. After being heated once by the second PTC heater 700, the heating coolant undergoes a second heating at the heat exchanger 60 due to the residual heat from the fuel cell stack, bringing its temperature to the set temperature. Finally, the heating coolant flows through the second radiator 701 and releases its heat, thus meeting the heating requirements. In this way, the coolant flowing through the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507, and then being cooled by the heat exchanger 60 to reach the set inlet temperature, directly enters the fuel cell stack 10, bypassing the first radiator 501. This minimizes the flow resistance of the coolant, thereby reducing the power consumption of the first water pump 502 and improving the overall efficiency of the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell.

[0039] 2. When there is a heating demand, and the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the set temperature, the fuel cell stack 10 needs to dissipate heat, and the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 10 just meets the heating demand, the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 of the first four-way valve 503 are opened, and the second connection port 505 and the third connection port 506 are closed; the fifth connection port 704 and the sixth connection port 705 of the second four-way valve 703 are opened, and the seventh connection port 706 and the eighth connection port 707 are closed; the first water pump 502 and the second water pump 702 are turned on; the first PTC heater 500 and the second PTC heater 700 are turned off; the first radiator 501 is turned off; and the second radiator 701 is turned on. At this time, all the heat required for heating comes from the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 10. After the coolant carrying the residual heat from the fuel cell stack 10 flows through the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507, it transfers the residual heat from the fuel cell stack 10 to the heating coolant at the heat exchanger 60, so that the temperatures of both the coolant and the heating coolant reach the set temperature, thus simultaneously meeting the heat dissipation and heating requirements of the fuel cell stack 10. In this way, the coolant flowing through the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 can bypass the first radiator 501, and the heating coolant flowing through the fifth connection port 704 and the sixth connection port 705 can bypass the second PTC heater 700. At this time, the flow resistance of the coolant can be reduced to the greatest extent, the power consumption of the first water pump 502 can be reduced, thereby reducing the heating power consumption and improving the overall efficiency of the heat exchange system 1 of the fuel cell.

[0040] 3. When there is a heating demand, and the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the set temperature, the fuel cell stack 10 needs to dissipate heat, and the excess heat of the fuel cell stack 10 exceeds the heating demand, the first connection port 504, the third connection port 506, and the fourth connection port 507 of the first four-way valve 503 open, and the second connection port 505 closes; the fifth connection port 704 and the sixth connection port 705 of the second four-way valve 703 open, and the seventh connection port 706 and the eighth connection port 707 close; the first water pump 502 and the second water pump 702 open; the first PTC heater 500 and the second PTC heater 700 close; and the first radiator 501 and the second… When radiator 701 is turned on, all the heat required for heating comes from the residual heat of fuel cell stack 10. Part of the coolant carrying the residual heat of fuel cell stack 10 flows through the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 and then transfers the residual heat of fuel cell stack 10 to the heating coolant at heat exchanger 60 to meet the heating demand. Part of the coolant flows through the first connection port 504 and the third connection port 506 and then releases the excess heat at the first radiator 501. Finally, the temperature of the coolant flowing through the first connection port 504, the third connection port 506 and the first connection port 504 and the fourth connection port 507 reaches the set inlet temperature.

[0041] 4. When there is no heating requirement, but the fuel cell coolant outlet temperature reaches the set temperature and the fuel cell stack 10 needs heat dissipation, the first connection port 504 and the third connection port 506 of the first four-way valve 503 are opened, and the second connection port 505 and the fourth connection port 507 are closed. The second water pump 702, the second radiator 701, the second four-way valve 703, the first PTC heater 500 and the second PTC heater 700 are closed, and the first water pump 502 and the first radiator 501 are opened. At this time, the coolant carrying the excess heat of the fuel cell stack 10 flows through the first connection port 504 and the third connection port 506 and releases the excess heat at the first radiator 501, so that the coolant temperature reaches the set inlet temperature. In this way, the coolant flows through the first connection port 504 and the third connection port 506, which can bypass the heat exchanger 60, minimize the coolant flow resistance, reduce the power consumption of the first water pump 502, and thus improve the overall efficiency of the fuel cell heat exchange system 1.

[0042] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a heat exchange system 1 for the fuel cell described in the above embodiments.

[0043] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of this utility model, "above" or "below" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. In the description of this utility model, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat exchange system (1) for a fuel cell, characterized in that, include: fuel cell stack (10); Hydrogen heat exchanger (20) is provided in parallel with the fuel cell stack (10); Intercooler (30) is connected in series with hydrogen heat exchanger (20) and the intercooler (30) is located at the inlet end of hydrogen heat exchanger (20). Compressed air from air compressor is cooled at the intercooler (30) and coolant is selectively introduced into the fuel cell stack (10) or the intercooler (30).

2. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The diversion channel (40) is connected in parallel with the hydrogen heat exchanger (20), and the diversion channel (40) is connected in series with the intercooler (30).

3. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The first heat exchange assembly (50) includes a first PTC heater (500) and a first radiator (501). The first PTC heater (500) is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack (10). The outlet end of the first PTC heater (500) is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack (10) and the inlet end of the intercooler (30). The first radiator (501) is connected in parallel with the fuel cell stack (10). The outlet end of the first radiator (501) is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack (10) and the inlet end of the intercooler (30).

4. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first heat exchange assembly (50) further includes: a first water pump (502), the inlet of which is selectively connected to the outlet of the fuel cell stack (10) and the outlet of the hydrogen heat exchanger (20), and the outlet of which is selectively connected to the inlet of the first PTC heater (500) and the inlet of the first radiator (501).

5. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first heat exchange assembly (50) further includes: a first four-way valve (503), the first four-way valve (503) being provided with a first connection port (504), a second connection port (505), a third connection port (506) and a fourth connection port (507), the first connection port (504) being connected to the outlet end of the first water pump (502), the second connection port (505) being connected to the inlet end of the first PTC heater (500), and the third connection port (506) being connected to the inlet end of the first radiator (501).

6. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The heat exchanger (60) and the second heat exchange assembly (70) are provided. The heat exchanger (60) is provided with a first inlet (600), a first outlet (601), a second inlet (602) and a second outlet (603). The fourth connection port (507) is connected to the first inlet (600). The first outlet (601) is selectively connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack (10) and the inlet end of the intercooler (30). The second heat exchange assembly (70) is connected to the second inlet (602) and the second outlet (603) respectively.

7. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second heat exchange assembly (70) includes: a second PTC heater (700) and a second radiator (701), wherein the inlet end of the second PTC heater (700) is selectively connected to the second outlet (603) and the outlet end of the second radiator (701), the outlet end of the second PTC heater (700) is connected to the second inlet (602), the inlet end of the second radiator (701) is connected to the second outlet (603), and the outlet end of the second radiator (701) is selectively connected to the second inlet (602) and the inlet end of the second PTC heater (700).

8. The heat exchange system (1) for the fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second heat exchange assembly (70) further includes: a second water pump (702), the inlet of which is connected to the second outlet (603), and the outlet of which is selectively connected to the inlet of the second PTC heater (700) and the inlet of the second radiator (701).

9. The heat exchange system (1) for a fuel cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second heat exchange assembly (70) further includes a second four-way valve (703), which is provided with a fifth connection port (704), a sixth connection port (705), a seventh connection port (706) and an eighth connection port (707). The fifth connection port (704) is connected to the outlet end of the second radiator (701), the sixth connection port (705) is connected to the second inlet (602), the seventh connection port (706) is connected to the inlet end of the second PTC heater (700), and the eighth connection port (707) is connected to the outlet end of the second water pump (702).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The heat exchange system (1) of the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-9.

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