Simple double-path current sharing circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a simple two-way current sharing circuit, which comprises a first power supply module, a second power supply module and a shared feedback module, and is characterized in that the power supply output end of the first power supply module and the power supply output end of the second power supply module are combined into a power supply node; the power supply node is connected with a power supply signal input end of the sharing feedback module, a first feedback signal output end of the sharing feedback module is connected with a feedback signal input end of the first power supply module, and a second feedback signal output end of the sharing feedback module is connected with a feedback signal input end of the second power supply module. The sharing feedback module is used for generating a first feedback signal and a second feedback signal, and the precision deviation of the first feedback signal and the second feedback signal is kept in the same numerical range, so that the voltage difference between the power supply modules is effectively reduced, the purpose of current sharing is achieved, and the stability and reliability of the power supply system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of dual-path current sharing circuits, and in particular to a simple dual-path current sharing circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the increasing power demands of electronic devices, parallel circuits formed by connecting multiple power modules in parallel to provide greater power have become a common practice. However, existing parallel circuits typically use voltage regulators and feedback components to form a feedback loop to regulate the output voltage. Even if all power modules have consistent parameters, due to the inherent errors of the components—for example, the accuracy of feedback components is typically 1%, and the accuracy of voltage regulators is 0.5%—small deviations in the output voltage of different power modules can occur. These deviations result in inconsistent output voltages between parallel power modules, causing one power module to bear a larger load current while the other bears a smaller load current, thus affecting the stability and efficiency of the power system. For example, in a parallel circuit with a rated output of 24V, one power module might output 24V, while another outputs 24.1V or 24.2V, leading to uneven current distribution and affecting the performance and reliability of the power system. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the issue of power system performance and reliability being affected by the inherent errors of components within multiple power modules in a parallel circuit, this application provides a simple dual-path current sharing circuit.

[0004] A simple dual-path current sharing circuit includes a first power module, a second power module, and a shared feedback module. The power output terminals of the first and second power modules are combined into a single power node, which is connected to a load to supply power. The power node is also connected to the power signal input terminal of the shared feedback module. The first feedback signal output terminal of the shared feedback module is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module, and the second feedback signal output terminal is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the second power module. The shared feedback module generates a first feedback signal for supplying to the first power module and a second feedback signal for supplying to the second power module based on the power signal obtained from the power signal input terminal of the shared feedback module. The accuracy deviation between the first and second feedback signals is kept within the same numerical range.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, the output terminals of the first and second power modules are combined into a common power node, which provides power through connection to the load. These two power modules share the same feedback circuit, ensuring more consistent voltage outputs. The shared feedback module obtains the power signal from the power node and generates two feedback signals, which are respectively sent to the feedback terminals of the two power modules, thereby precisely controlling the output voltage of each power module. This effectively eliminates voltage deviations caused by errors in the feedback circuits of each module, ensuring that the accuracy deviation between the first and second feedback signals remains within the same numerical range. In this way, the voltage difference between the power modules is effectively reduced, achieving current sharing and thus improving the stability and reliability of the power system.

[0006] Preferably, the shared feedback module includes two feedback units arranged in parallel, the power signal input terminal of the feedback unit is connected to the power node, and the feedback signal output terminal of the feedback unit is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module or the second power module.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution and setting feedback units in parallel, the system can share feedback information among each power module, ensuring that each power module adjusts its voltage according to the same feedback signal. This effectively reduces the uneven current problem caused by voltage regulation errors of individual modules, enhances the consistency and balance of the power supply output voltage, and further improves the current sharing effect.

[0008] Preferably, the feedback unit includes at least one optocoupler, which includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a transistor. The positive terminal of the LED is connected to the power supply node, the negative terminal of the LED is grounded, the first conducting terminal of the transistor is grounded, and the second conducting terminal of the transistor is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module or the second power module. The controlled terminal of the transistor is used to receive the optical signal transmitted by the LED.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the use of optocouplers effectively isolates the feedback signal of the power supply module from the control signal of the shared feedback module, avoiding electrical interference between power supply modules, while ensuring accurate transmission of voltage feedback signals and improving the stability of power supply regulation. Through optocoupler regulation, the system can more precisely control the output voltage of the power supply, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of current sharing.

[0010] Preferably, a first resistor is connected between the positive terminal of the light-emitting diode and the power supply node.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first resistor is used to limit the current of the light-emitting diode, ensuring that the light source in the optocoupler works stably, thereby optimizing the response speed and accuracy of the feedback loop, avoiding damage to the optocoupler components or signal distortion due to excessive current, and further improving the reliability and current sharing effect of the feedback signal.

[0012] Preferably, the light-emitting diode is connected in parallel with a second resistor.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the parallel design of the second resistor helps to further stabilize the operating current of the light-emitting diode, improve the response characteristics of the optocoupler, make the feedback signal transmission more stable, thereby avoiding feedback errors caused by current fluctuations, and improving the current balancing accuracy between power modules and the overall stability of the system.

[0014] Preferably, the shared feedback module further includes a voltage regulator module and a voltage sampling network. The negative terminals of the two light-emitting diodes are merged into a loop node. The loop node is connected to the power input terminal of the voltage regulator module, and the power output terminal of the voltage regulator module is grounded. The power input terminal of the voltage sampling network is connected to the power node, the power output terminal of the voltage sampling network is grounded, and the signal output terminal of the voltage sampling network is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, and combining the voltage regulator module and the voltage sampling network, the system can sample the voltage of the power supply nodes in real time, dynamically adjust the power output, and ensure accurate matching of the power supply module's output voltage. The voltage regulator module further suppresses voltage fluctuations and interference, improves the system's voltage stability, and makes the current sharing of parallel power supplies more reliable and stable.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage sampling network includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the power supply node, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded, and the common node between the second end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and using the resistor divider design of the voltage sampling network, the voltage signal of the power supply node can be accurately measured and transmitted to the voltage regulator module for control. This voltage divider circuit helps improve the accuracy of the power supply feedback signal, ensures more precise current sharing among power supply modules, and effectively reduces the impact of voltage errors.

[0018] Preferably, the voltage regulator module includes at least one Zener diode, and the Zener diode chip model is CJ431.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the CJ431 Zener diode has high-precision voltage regulation capability, can provide a stable and reliable voltage reference, ensure the output voltage consistency between power modules, and reduce the current unevenness caused by small voltage differences between power modules, thereby improving the current sharing effect and system reliability.

[0020] Preferably, a first rectifier diode is provided between the power output terminal of the first power module and the power node.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the first rectifier diode prevents possible reverse current, protects the power module from damage, and ensures stable operation of the power module. At the same time, by limiting the current direction, it improves the stability of the power system and provides better protection for current sharing.

[0022] Preferably, a second rectifier diode is provided between the power output terminal of the second power module and the power node.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the second rectifier diode also plays a role in preventing reverse current, further ensuring the stable operation of the power module. Working together with the first rectifier diode, it enhances the system's safety and reliability, while ensuring a more balanced current distribution among the power supplies.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] This application addresses the issue of inconsistent output voltage in traditional dual-power supplies by employing a shared feedback module, thereby achieving current sharing. Specifically, the outputs of the first and second power modules are combined into a common power node, which provides power to the load. These two power modules share the same feedback circuit, ensuring more consistent voltage outputs. The shared feedback module acquires the power signal from the power node and generates two feedback signals, which are then sent to the feedback terminals of the two power modules respectively, thus precisely controlling the output voltage of each module. This effectively eliminates voltage deviations caused by errors in the feedback circuits of each module, ensuring that the accuracy deviation between the first and second feedback signals remains within the same numerical range. In this way, the voltage difference between the power modules is effectively reduced, achieving current sharing and improving the stability and reliability of the power system. The technical advantages of this solution are simplified circuit design and precise control of the feedback signals, reducing circuit complexity and improving system efficiency, while avoiding the current unevenness problem inherent in parallel power supplies. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to one embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a shared feedback module in a simple dual-path current sharing circuit according to one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, this application discloses a simple dual-path current sharing circuit. The simple dual-path current sharing circuit includes a first power module, a second power module, and a shared feedback module. The power output terminals of the first and second power modules are combined into a power node. The power node is connected to the load to supply power to the load. The power node is connected to the power signal input terminal of the shared feedback module. The first feedback signal output terminal of the shared feedback module is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module, and the second feedback signal output terminal of the shared feedback module is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the second power module. The shared feedback module generates a first feedback signal for transmission to the first power module and a second feedback signal for transmission to the second power module based on the power signal obtained from the power signal input terminal of the shared feedback module. The accuracy deviation between the first and second feedback signals is maintained within the same numerical range.

[0031] In this embodiment, the power output terminals of the first and second power modules are connected to a common power node, which is then connected to the load to supply power. To ensure balanced output current between the two power modules, the voltage signal of the power node is transmitted to a shared feedback module. The shared feedback module generates two feedback signals based on the voltage of the power node: one feedback signal is transmitted to the feedback input terminal of the first power module, and the other feedback signal is transmitted to the feedback input terminal of the second power module. Thus, the two power modules adjust their output voltages according to these two feedback signals. Since the transmission of feedback signals is controlled by the same shared feedback module, it ensures that the output voltage difference between the two power modules is very small, and the accuracy deviation of the feedback signals is within the same numerical range, thereby guaranteeing balanced current distribution. Specifically, this design eliminates errors in the output voltage of the two power modules caused by differences in components, ensuring that their voltages are more consistent, thereby achieving automatic current sharing, making the current distribution of the load more balanced, avoiding the problem of overloading a single power module, and improving the stability and efficiency of the system.

[0032] Furthermore, the shared feedback module includes two feedback units arranged in parallel. The power signal input terminal of the feedback unit is connected to the power node, and the feedback signal output terminal of the feedback unit is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module or the second power module.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shared feedback module can simultaneously monitor the output voltage of two power modules. Each feedback unit generates a feedback signal based on the voltage signal of the power node and sends it to the feedback input terminals of the first and second power modules, respectively. This parallel configuration design allows the two power modules to share the same feedback signal source, ensuring that they can simultaneously adjust their output based on the same voltage, reducing voltage deviation and thus achieving current sharing. Specifically, through the parallel feedback units, the output voltage of the power modules can be synchronously adjusted according to the real-time voltage state of the power node, avoiding the problem of uneven current caused by differences in the feedback signals of each power module. This design makes the voltage adjustment of the entire system more precise, the load distribution among the power modules more balanced, and improves the stability and efficiency of the power supply.

[0034] Furthermore, the feedback unit includes at least one optocoupler, which includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a transistor. The positive terminal of the LED is connected to the power supply node, the negative terminal of the LED is grounded, the first conducting terminal of the transistor is grounded, and the second conducting terminal of the transistor is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module or the second power module. The controlled terminal of the transistor is used to receive the optical signal transmitted by the LED.

[0035] In this embodiment, the optical coupler is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in optocouplers U2 and U3, the positive terminal of the LED is first connected to the power supply node, and the negative terminal is grounded. The power supply node is the monitoring point for the output voltage of the power module; therefore, the LED's function is to receive the voltage signal from the power supply node and convert it into a light signal. The light signal is transmitted to the transistor through the LED's emitting terminal. The transistor's first conducting terminal is grounded, its second conducting terminal is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of either the first or second power module, and its controlled terminal is used to receive the light signal transmitted by the LED.

[0036] During circuit operation, changes in the voltage signal at the power node cause the LED to emit light signals of varying intensities. This light signal is transmitted to the transistor through its controlled terminal, causing a change in the transistor's switching state. Specifically, upon receiving the light signal, the controlled terminal of the transistor controls its conduction or deactivation, thereby affecting the current flow between the transistor's second conducting terminal and the power module's feedback signal input terminal. When the transistor is conducting, it transmits the voltage signal from the power node to the power module through the feedback loop, adjusting the power module's output voltage. Through this light signal control mechanism, the feedback unit can precisely regulate the power module's voltage, thereby achieving consistency in the power supply's output voltage.

[0037] The optocoupler plays a crucial role in this feedback unit. It provides electrical isolation via optical signals, preventing direct electrical interference between different power modules, and reliably transmits voltage change information from the power nodes to the feedback loop of the power modules. Ultimately, this control logic ensures that the two power modules synchronously adjust their output voltage based on the same feedback signal, achieving current sharing. This design not only improves the stability of the power modules but also enhances the system's anti-interference capability and ensures balanced current distribution.

[0038] Furthermore, a first resistor is connected between the positive terminal of the light-emitting diode and the power supply node.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first resistor is as follows: Figure 3 Resistors R5 and R3 are shown. The first resistor limits the current flowing through the LED. The brightness of the LED is directly proportional to the current flowing through it; therefore, the first resistor controls the current magnitude, ensuring the LED's operating current remains within a safe range to prevent damage or instability due to excessive current. Simultaneously, the first resistor helps stabilize the light signal intensity, making the optocoupler's output signal more stable and ensuring the transistor's conduction state is accurately controlled by the received light signal. By adjusting the value of the first resistor, the LED's luminous intensity can be precisely controlled, thus accurately transmitting voltage change information at the power node in the feedback loop. Ultimately, this helps the power module adjust its output voltage, ensuring current sharing between the two power modules.

[0040] Furthermore, a second resistor is connected in parallel with the light-emitting diode.

[0041] In this embodiment, the second resistor is as follows: Figure 3Resistors R4 and R6 are shown. A second resistor is connected in parallel with the LED. The purpose of this second resistor is to further optimize the operating characteristics of the optocoupler. The main function of the second resistor is to provide a path, allowing for better distribution and regulation of the overall current in the optocoupler circuit during LED operation. Specifically, by connecting the second resistor in parallel, the circuit can divert some current under certain conditions, preventing damage to the LED due to excessive current, while also ensuring the smooth transmission of the feedback signal.

[0042] Furthermore, the shared feedback module also includes a voltage regulator module and a voltage sampling network. The negative terminals of the two light-emitting diodes are combined into a loop node. The loop node is connected to the power input terminal of the voltage regulator module, the power output terminal of the voltage regulator module is grounded, the power input terminal of the voltage sampling network is connected to the power node, the power output terminal of the voltage sampling network is grounded, and the signal output terminal of the voltage sampling network is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0043] In this embodiment, the shared feedback module further includes a voltage regulator module and a voltage sampling network, which work together to regulate and control the voltage of the power supply module. Specifically, the negative terminals of the two light-emitting diodes are combined into a loop node, which is connected to the power input terminal of the voltage regulator module, while the power output terminal of the voltage regulator module is grounded. Through this connection method, the voltage regulator module can receive the voltage information from the power node and adjust the output voltage according to this signal, so that the voltage of the entire system remains stable.

[0044] Meanwhile, the power input of the voltage sampling network is connected to the power node, meaning it can monitor voltage changes at the power node in real time. The power output of the voltage sampling network is grounded, while its signal output is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module, feeding back the voltage signals collected by the network to the regulator module. The regulator module adjusts based on these signals to ensure the power module's output voltage is precisely controlled within a predetermined range.

[0045] This design allows the voltage regulator module to dynamically adjust based on the power node voltage information provided by the voltage sampling network, thereby achieving precise control of the power module's output voltage. This mechanism ensures the stability of the power system and reduces current imbalances between power modules caused by voltage fluctuations. In summary, this structure provides an efficient and precise voltage regulation system, ensuring reliable current sharing and overall system stability.

[0046] Furthermore, the voltage sampling network includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the power supply node, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded, and the common node between the second end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module.

[0047] In this embodiment, the third resistor is as follows: Figure 3 The resistor R2 shown is the fourth resistor. Figure 3 The resistor R1 shown, through a voltage sampling network with a resistor divider design, can accurately measure the voltage signal at the power supply node and transmit it to the voltage regulator module for control. This voltage divider circuit helps improve the accuracy of the power supply feedback signal, ensures more precise current sharing among power supply modules, and effectively reduces the impact of voltage errors.

[0048] Furthermore, the voltage regulator module includes at least one Zener diode, and the Zener diode chip model is CJ431.

[0049] In this embodiment, the Zener diode is as follows: Figure 3 The Zener diode U1 shown is a CJ431 Zener diode with high-precision voltage regulation capability. It can provide a stable and reliable voltage reference, ensure the output voltage consistency between power modules, and reduce the current unevenness caused by small voltage differences between power modules, thereby improving the current sharing effect and system reliability.

[0050] Furthermore, a first rectifier diode is provided between the power output terminal of the first power module and the power node.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first rectifier diode is as follows: Figure 2 The rectifier diode D1 shown is the first rectifier diode. It prevents possible reverse current, protects the power module from damage, and ensures stable operation of the power module. At the same time, it improves the stability of the power system by limiting the current direction and provides better protection for current sharing.

[0052] Furthermore, a second rectifier diode is provided between the power output terminal of the second power module and the power node.

[0053] In this embodiment, the second rectifier diode is as follows: Figure 2 The rectifier diode D2 shown also serves to prevent reverse current, further ensuring the stable operation of the power module. Working together with the first rectifier diode, it enhances the system's safety and reliability, while ensuring a more balanced current distribution among the power supplies.

[0054] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A simple dual-path current sharing circuit, characterized in that, The simplified dual-path current sharing circuit includes a first power module, a second power module, and a shared feedback module. The power output terminals of the first and second power modules are combined into a single power node. This power node is connected to a load to supply power to the load. The power node is also connected to the power signal input terminal of the shared feedback module. The first feedback signal output terminal of the shared feedback module is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module, and the second feedback signal output terminal is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the second power module. The shared feedback module generates a first feedback signal for transmission to the first power module and a second feedback signal for transmission to the second power module based on the power signal obtained from its power signal input terminal. The accuracy deviation between the first and second feedback signals is kept within the same numerical range.

2. The simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shared feedback module includes two feedback units connected in parallel. The power signal input terminal of the feedback unit is connected to the power node, and the feedback signal output terminal of the feedback unit is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module or the second power module.

3. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feedback unit includes at least one optocoupler, which includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a transistor. The positive terminal of the LED is connected to the power supply node, and the negative terminal of the LED is grounded. The first conducting terminal of the transistor is grounded, and the second conducting terminal of the transistor is connected to the feedback signal input terminal of the first power module or the second power module. The controlled terminal of the transistor is used to receive the optical signal transmitted by the LED.

4. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first resistor is connected between the positive terminal of the light-emitting diode and the power node.

5. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light-emitting diode is connected in parallel with a second resistor.

6. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shared feedback module also includes a voltage regulator module and a voltage sampling network. The negative terminals of the two light-emitting diodes are combined into a loop node. The loop node is connected to the power input terminal of the voltage regulator module, and the power output terminal of the voltage regulator module is grounded. The power input terminal of the voltage sampling network is connected to the power node, and the power output terminal of the voltage sampling network is grounded. The signal output terminal of the voltage sampling network is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module.

7. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage sampling network includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the power supply node, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded, and the common node between the second end of the third resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the controlled terminal of the voltage regulator module.

8. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The voltage regulator module includes at least one Zener diode, and the Zener diode chip model is CJ431.

9. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first rectifier diode is provided between the power output terminal of the first power module and the power node.

10. A simplified dual-path current sharing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second rectifier diode is provided between the power output terminal and the power node of the second power module.

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