A tractor pneumatic brake system based on EBS and a tractor

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of tractor pneumatic braking system and tractor based on EBS, the tractor pneumatic braking system based on EBS includes gas supply system, brake module, first pressure control module, second pressure control module, control unit ECU;The air outlet of first pressure control module, second pressure control module is connected with front axle brake air chamber and rear axle brake air chamber respectively;The control unit ECU includes EBS module;The EBS module is connected with brake module, first pressure control module, second pressure control module electric signal respectively, and brake control is carried out to first pressure control module, second pressure control module according to the brake electric signal of brake module;The tractor installs the tractor pneumatic braking system based on EBS of the utility model.The utility model brake response speed is fast, control precision is high, can be distributed to brake force according to axle load dynamics, meets the fault diagnosis, redundancy control requirement of current regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a tractor air pressure braking system, and more particularly to a tractor air pressure braking device integrating EBS, belonging to the field of commercial vehicle braking technology. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional pneumatic braking systems for tractor units mostly employ ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) to prevent wheel lock-up. However, ABS systems can only adjust the braking force at the wheel ends during braking, and cannot achieve dynamic distribution of the vehicle's braking force or coordinated control with the trailer. Furthermore, existing pneumatic braking systems have the following drawbacks:

[0003] (1) Low control accuracy: ABS relies on mechanical valve body to adjust air pressure, which limits the response speed and accuracy, making it difficult to adapt to complex working conditions (such as low adhesion road surface, heavy load slope).

[0004] (2) Single function: It lacks real-time monitoring of brake chamber pressure and vehicle load status, and cannot realize dynamic distribution of braking force according to axle load.

[0005] (3) Insufficient regulatory compatibility: Current regulations (such as GB12676-2022 and ECE R13) impose higher requirements on fault diagnosis and redundancy control of electronic braking systems, which are difficult for traditional ABS systems to meet. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide an EBS-based air pressure braking system and tractor, which improves braking response speed and accuracy, enables real-time monitoring of brake chamber pressure and vehicle load status, realizes dynamic distribution of braking force according to axle load, and meets the requirements of current regulations.

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows:

[0008] An EBS-based air pressure braking system for a tractor includes an air supply system, a braking module, a first pressure control module, a second pressure control module, and a control unit ECU; the air outlets of the first pressure control module and the second pressure control module are respectively connected to the front axle brake chamber and the rear axle brake chamber; the control unit ECU includes an EBS module;

[0009] The air inlets of the braking module, the first pressure control module, and the second pressure control module are all connected to the air supply system pipeline, and the compressed air required for operation is provided by the air supply system; the air outlet of the braking module is connected to the control end pipelines of the first pressure control module and the second pressure control module respectively, and controls the air outlet pressure of the first pressure control module and the second pressure control module respectively, thereby controlling the braking of the front wheel and the rear wheel;

[0010] The EBS module of the control unit ECU is electrically connected to the braking module, the first pressure control module, and the second pressure control module, respectively, and performs braking control on the first pressure control module and the second pressure control module according to the braking electrical signal of the braking module.

[0011] Preferably, the air supply system includes an air compressor, an air tank, an air filter, a condenser, and an electrically controlled dryer; atmospheric air is filtered by the air filter and then compressed to a high pressure state by the air compressor, and then cooled and dried by the condenser and the electrically controlled dryer before entering the air tank.

[0012] Preferably, a pressure limiting valve is provided on the air inlet pipe of the air storage cylinder to ensure that the air pressure in the air storage cylinder remains at a stable maximum pressure.

[0013] Preferably, an ABS solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the first pressure control module and the front wheel brake chamber, or on the pipeline between the second pressure control module and the rear wheel brake chamber; the ABS solenoid valve is electrically connected to the control unit ECU.

[0014] Preferably, the control unit ECU is electrically connected to the wheel speed sensor, steering angle sensor, yaw rate sensor, pressure sensor, and load sensor that monitor the vehicle status.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a trailer electronic control valve for controlling the trailer parking brake, wherein the air supply end of the trailer electronic control valve is connected to the air supply system, the output end is connected to each brake chamber of the trailer, and the control end is connected to the air outlet end of the brake module.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an electronic parking brake module (EPB), wherein the air inlet of the EPB module valve is connected to the air supply system and the air outlet is connected to the rear wheel brake chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the air outlet of the EPB module valve is connected to the control end of the trailer electronic control valve to control the trailer parking brake.

[0018] A tractor unit having any of the aforementioned EBS-based air brake systems mounted on its chassis.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This utility model discloses an EBS-based pneumatic braking system for tractors. By replacing the traditional mechanical valve body and ABS system with an electronic braking EBS system, it offers fast braking response and high braking precision. It can monitor brake chamber pressure and vehicle load status in real time, enabling dynamic distribution of braking force according to axle load. Combined with the trailer's electronic control valve and electronic parking brake (EPB) module, it achieves coordinated electronic control of the trailer. Integrating EBS, ABS, and purely mechanical pneumatic braking systems, it allows for the combination of various braking systems to meet vehicle cost control requirements, improving system redundancy, enhancing compatibility, and satisfying regulatory requirements, while maintaining a simple system structure and cost advantages.

[0021] The tractor unit of this utility model adopts an EBS-based pneumatic braking system, which has a high braking response rate and high control precision; it can realize dynamic distribution of braking force according to axle load; and it has complete redundancy settings, which meet the current regulations for fault diagnosis, redundancy and other control requirements of electronic braking systems. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of an EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the chassis braking system of a tractor vehicle according to the present invention.

[0024] in:

[0025] 1. Air compressor; 2. Air tank; 3. Air filter; 4. Condenser; 5. Electrically controlled dryer; 6. Pressure relief valve; 7. ABS solenoid valve; 8. First pressure control module; 9. Electronic parking module (EPB); 10. Second pressure control module; 11. Electronic handbrake; 12. Trailer electronic control valve; 13. Brake module; 14. Brake pedal. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0026] See Figure 1 This utility model relates to an EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors, comprising an air supply system, a braking module 13, a first pressure control module 8, a second pressure control module 10, and a control unit ECU, and further comprising a trailer electronic control valve 12 and an electronic parking module EPB9 for controlling the trailer parking brake; the air outlets of the first pressure control module 8 and the second pressure control module 10 are respectively connected to the front axle brake chamber and the rear axle brake chamber;

[0027] The air supply system includes an air compressor 1, an air storage tank 2, an air filter 3, a condenser 4, and an electrically controlled dryer 5. Atmospheric air is filtered by the air filter 3 and then enters the air compressor 1 to be compressed to a high pressure state. After being cooled and dried by the condenser 4 and the electrically controlled dryer 5, it enters the air storage tank 2. A pressure limiting valve 6 is provided on the air inlet pipe of the air storage tank 2 to ensure that the air pressure in the air storage tank 2 remains at a stable maximum air pressure, and the number of air storage tanks 2 is at least three.

[0028] The braking module 13 is connected to the vehicle's brake pedal 14. When the driver presses the brake pedal 14, the braking module 13 responds to braking, achieving sensitive follow-up control during the application and release of the service brake, and providing braking control air pressure to the front and rear wheel brake chambers.

[0029] In this embodiment, see Figure 2 Both the first pressure control module 8 and the second pressure control module 10 include an electronically controlled relay valve. The first pressure control module 8, which controls the front wheel braking, is a single-channel control module, while the second pressure control module 10, which controls the rear wheel braking, is a dual-channel control module. The air inlet ports "11" and "12" of the braking module 13, the first pressure control module 8, and the second pressure control module 10 are connected to the air storage tank 2 of the air supply system, which provides the compressed air required for braking. The air outlet ports "21" and "22" of the braking module 13 are connected to the control port "4" of the first pressure control module 8 and the second pressure control module 10, respectively, to control the pressure at the air outlet ports "21" and "22" of the first pressure control module 8 and the second pressure control module 10, thereby controlling the braking of the front and rear wheels. Therefore, based on the above analysis, even when the electronic braking system (EBS) does not participate in the braking operation, the braking operation can be completed solely by relying on the pneumatic coordination of the valve bodies between the braking module 13, the first pressure control module 8, and the second pressure control module 10. This increases the redundancy of the EBS braking control and improves the reliability and safety of the braking.

[0030] The control unit (ECU) includes an EBS module, which stands for Electronic Brake Systems. The ECU is also electrically connected via a CAN bus to wheel speed sensors, steering angle sensors, yaw rate sensors, pressure sensors, and load sensors that monitor vehicle status. The EBS module of the ECU is electrically connected to the braking module 13, the first pressure control module 8, and the second pressure control module 10. The ECU performs electrical signal braking control on the first pressure control module 8 and the second pressure control module 10 based on the braking electrical signal from the braking module 13. EBS electrical signal-controlled braking has a fast response rate, achieving millisecond-level response, and shortens the braking distance by 15% to 20% compared to traditional ABS systems, enabling precise control of the braking process.

[0031] The EPB module valve of the electronic parking brake module EPB9 has its inlet port "1" connected to the air reservoir 2, and its outlet port connected to the rear wheel brake chamber and the trailer electronic control valve "43" respectively, for controlling the rear axle parking brake and trailer parking brake. The electronic parking brake module EPB9 is used to release and apply the parking brake by inflating and deflating the spring brake chamber. The supply port "11" of the trailer electronic control valve 12 is connected to the air reservoir 2 of the air supply system, its output port is connected to each brake chamber of the trailer, and its control port "42" is connected to the outlet port of the brake module 13. Similarly, the control port of the trailer electronic control valve is also connected to the EBS module electrical signal of the control unit ECU to realize redundant control of electronic braking and pure mechanical pneumatic braking. When the electronic parking brake 11 is closed, the control unit ECU controls the mechanical valve body of the EPB module valve electronically. Compressed air is input from port "1" and output from ports "21" and "23". Both the tractor and trailer are in a fully released braking state. When the electronic parking brake 11 is activated, the control unit ECU controls the mechanical valve body of the EPB module valve electronically to apply the parking brake. Compressed air input from port "1" stops, and output from ports "21" and "23" stops accordingly. The brake is locked, and both the tractor and trailer are in a fully braked state. During normal driving, compressed air enters the trailer through port "43" of the trailer's electronic control valve 12, closing the intake valve and opening the exhaust valve. The air pressure at port "22" is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust port, while the air pressure at port "11" directly reaches port "21" through the annular channel, supplying air to the trailer's air supply line. When the parking brake is applied, there is no compressed air in the valve. Under the action of air pressure, the exhaust valve closes and the intake valve opens. Compressed air from port "11" passes through the intake valve to port "22" and enters the trailer's control line, braking the trailer. During normal driving braking, compressed air from port "21" enters the valve, opening the intake valve and closing the exhaust valve. Compressed air from port "11" passes through the intake valve to port "22" and enters the trailer's control line, braking the trailer.

[0032] The overall working principle is as follows:

[0033] When the brake pedal is depressed, the ECU calculates the target braking force based on parameters such as wheel speed, axle load, and pedal travel. It then controls the first pressure control module 8 and the second pressure control module 10 to output corresponding air pressure to the front and rear axle brake chambers. Simultaneously, the trailer brake is triggered synchronously via the trailer electronic control valve 12. Specifically, when the driver depresses the brake pedal, ports "11" and "12" of the upper chamber of the brake module 13 open. High-pressure gas is transmitted through ports "21" and "22" to the control terminal "4" of the first and second pressure control modules 8 and 10, respectively. Ports "21" and "22" of the first and second pressure control modules 8 and 10 then open, providing brake air pressure proportional to the brake pedal travel to the front and rear axle brake chambers. When the brake pedal is released, ports "21" and "22" of brake module 13 close. Under the action of the return spring, the gas in the brake chamber is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust ports of the first pressure control module 8, the second pressure control module 10, and brake module 13, thus eliminating the braking force. Furthermore, the control unit ECU can obtain axle load data through the load sensor and dynamically adjust the braking force ratio between the front and rear axles to avoid a decrease in braking efficiency due to rear axle overload. When the EBS system fails, the braking process of each of the above-mentioned pneumatic and mechanical valve bodies can still operate normally, ensuring that the basic braking function meets the requirements of GB12676-2022.

[0034] When parking, operating the electronic parking brake 11 transmits an electrical signal to the electronic parking module EPB9. The air pressure at port "21" of the EPB module valve disappears, cutting off air supply to the rear axle brake chamber. The parking brake chamber piston, under the spring force, forces the push rod to extend. Gas in the pipeline is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust port of the electronic parking module EPB9, thus generating braking force. The magnitude of the braking force depends on the preload of the parking brake chamber spring. When the electronic parking brake 11 is in the "drive" position, it transmits an electrical signal to the electronic parking module EPB9. Under its action, the EPB module valve opens, and high-pressure gas supplied by the hand-operated air reservoir quickly enters port "12" of the brake chamber after passing through EPB9. Under the air pressure, the chamber's energy storage spring is completely pushed back by the air pressure, thus releasing the parking brake.

[0035] This invention achieves millisecond-level braking response, shortens braking distance, and enables precise control of the braking process by embedding an electronic braking system (EBS) into the air pressure braking system of the tractor. It integrates fault diagnosis and redundant control, meets the mandatory requirements of ECE R13 and GB 12676-2022 for electronic braking systems, and has good regulatory compatibility. Example 2

[0036] See Figure 1 Based on the EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractor vehicles in Example 1, ABS solenoid valves 7 are installed on the pipeline between the first pressure control module 8 and the front axle brake chamber, and on the pipeline between the second pressure control module 10 and the rear axle brake chamber. The ABS solenoid valve 7 is electrically connected to the control unit ECU to achieve ABS braking control. Through this integrated design, the ABS braking and EBS braking functions are integrated into a single control unit ECU, reducing the number of system modules, valves, and wiring, thus lowering the overall assembly cost by 10%-15%.

[0037] In other embodiments, a design opposite to the integrated system described above can be selected, in which the electronic braking system (EBS) and the traditional ABS braking system are designed separately and independently, further improving the redundancy of the braking system. However, this increases system complexity and cost, making it suitable for high-cost budget vehicles. Example 3

[0038] The electronic parking module EPB9 in Example 1 is removed, and the traditional mechanical differential valve is retained. That is, the parking brake adopts the traditional method, while the service brake adopts the electronic braking system EBS. This method will sacrifice some control accuracy, but the modification cost is greatly reduced.

[0039] Alternatively, the electronic parking module EPB9 in Embodiment 2 can be removed, and the traditional mechanical differential valve can be retained. That is, the parking brake adopts the traditional method, while the service brake adopts an integrated electronic braking system EBS or a separate EBS controller and independent ABS module. Example 4

[0040] See Figure 2 The present invention relates to a tractor unit, on which the EBS-based air pressure braking system of Embodiment 1 is installed. The air supply system, braking module 13, first pressure control module 8, second pressure control module 10, control unit ECU, trailer electronic control valve 12, and electronic parking module EPB9 are all installed on the frame.

[0041] The tractor unit of this utility model adopts an EBS-based pneumatic braking system, which has a high braking response rate and high control precision. It can monitor the brake chamber pressure and vehicle load status in real time, thereby realizing the dynamic distribution of braking force according to axle load. It integrates multiple braking systems such as EBS, ABS, and pure pneumatic system with redundant settings, which meets the current regulatory requirements for fault diagnosis, redundancy and other control of electronic braking systems.

[0042] Additionally, it should be noted that the above-described specific implementation is merely an optimized solution of this patent, and any modifications or improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the above concept are within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A tractor air pressure braking system based on EBS, characterized in that: It includes an air supply system, a braking module (13), a first pressure control module (8), a second pressure control module (10), and a control unit ECU; the air outlets of the first pressure control module (8) and the second pressure control module (10) are respectively connected to the front axle brake chamber and the rear axle brake chamber; the control unit ECU includes an EBS module; The air inlet of the braking module (13), the first pressure control module (8), and the second pressure control module (10) are all connected to the air supply system pipeline, and the compressed air required for operation is provided by the air supply system; the air outlet of the braking module (13) is connected to the control end pipeline of the first pressure control module (8) and the second pressure control module (10) respectively, and controls the air outlet pressure of the first pressure control module (8) and the second pressure control module (10) respectively, thereby controlling the braking of the front wheel and the rear wheel; The EBS module of the control unit ECU is electrically connected to the braking module (13), the first pressure control module (8), and the second pressure control module (10) respectively, and performs braking control on the first pressure control module (8) and the second pressure control module (10) according to the braking electrical signal of the braking module (13).

2. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply system includes an air compressor (1), an air storage tank (2), an air filter (3), a condenser (4), and an electronically controlled dryer (5). Atmospheric air is filtered by the air filter (3) and then enters the air compressor (1) to be compressed to a high pressure state. After being cooled and dried by the condenser (4) and the electronically controlled dryer (5), it enters the air storage tank (2).

3. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas storage cylinder (2) is equipped with a pressure limiting valve (6) on the inlet pipe to ensure that the gas pressure in the gas storage cylinder (2) remains at a stable maximum pressure.

4. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ABS solenoid valve (7) is installed on the pipeline between the first pressure control module (8) and the front wheel brake chamber, or on the pipeline between the second pressure control module (10) and the rear wheel brake chamber; the ABS solenoid valve (7) is electrically connected to the control unit ECU.

5. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (ECU) is electrically connected to the wheel speed sensor, steering angle sensor, yaw rate sensor, pressure sensor, and load sensor that monitor the vehicle's status.

6. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a trailer electric control valve (12) for controlling the trailer parking brake, wherein the air supply end of the trailer electric control valve (12) is connected to the air supply system, the output end is connected to each brake chamber of the trailer, and the control end is connected to the air outlet end of the brake module (13).

7. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electronic parking brake module (EPB), wherein the air inlet of the EPB module valve is connected to the air supply system and the air outlet is connected to the rear wheel brake chamber.

8. The EBS-based air pressure braking system for tractors according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outlet of the EPB module valve is connected to the control end of the trailer's electronic control valve to control the trailer's parking brake.

9. A tractor unit, characterized in that: The vehicle frame is equipped with any of the EBS-based tractor air pressure braking systems of claims 1 to 8.

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