A jet spray device for flushing of a shield cake

Abstract

The utility model relates to shield mud cake scouring technical field especially, it relates to a kind of jet injection device for shield mud cake scouring, including first spray head, and first spray head detachably connected with second spray head;First spray head includes first cylinder;First cylinder is coaxially provided with first water inlet pipe in;First water inlet pipe inside end portion is connected with first water jet pipe with angle;The end portion of first water jet pipe away from first water inlet pipe is connected with first nozzle;Second spray head includes second cylinder;Second cylinder is coaxially through and is provided with second water inlet pipe;Second water inlet pipe is communicated with second water jet pipe along radial direction;Second water jet pipe is connected with second nozzle away from second water inlet pipe end portion;Second cylinder one end detachably connects first cylinder. Through the double mode design of modular combination, can adjust spray head combination mode according to different construction stratum and mud cake characteristics, give consideration to the dual needs of high pressure concentrated washing and multi-angle dispersed cleaning, improve shield construction efficiency and reduce comprehensive cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shield tunnel mud cake flushing technology, and in particular to a jet spraying device for shield tunnel mud cake flushing. Background Technology

[0002] In shield tunneling, the problem of mud cake formation on the cutterhead of a slurry balance shield machine is a significant factor affecting construction efficiency and cost. When tunneling in soft soil, clay particles from the excavation face easily adhere to the cutterhead surface, forming a dense mud cake layer. The accumulation of mud cake leads to increased cutterhead torque and thrust, and in severe cases, can even cause accelerated cutter wear and a sharp drop in tunneling speed, requiring frequent opening and cleaning, significantly extending the construction period and increasing construction risks.

[0003] To address the issue of mud cake buildup on the cutterhead, existing technologies typically employ high-pressure water jet flushing devices. Traditional flushing devices generally use fixed nozzles to spray high-pressure water onto the cutterhead, utilizing the impact force of the water flow to remove the mud cake. However, this method suffers from limitations such as limited flushing range, nozzle clogging, and a single flushing angle, making it difficult to effectively cover all areas of the cutterhead, especially stubborn mud cake on the back of the cutters and the edges of the cutterhead.

[0004] Furthermore, some improved technologies attempt to expand the rinsing range by increasing the number of nozzles or adjusting the spray angle. However, a single-structure nozzle design still cannot meet the rinsing needs of different areas. For example, the thickness and adhesion of the mud cake differ significantly between the center and edge areas of the cutterhead, requiring different pressures and spray patterns. Hidden areas such as the back of the cutter require sprays at specific angles for effective cleaning. Therefore, existing single-nozzle structures are insufficient to meet the high-efficiency rinsing requirements under complex working conditions, necessitating a rinsing device that allows for flexible adjustment of spray patterns and angles. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problem that current single-nozzle structures cannot meet the high-efficiency flushing requirements under complex working conditions, this utility model provides a jet spraying device for shield tunnel mud cake flushing.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A jet spraying device for flushing mud cake in tunnel boring machines includes a first nozzle, to which a second nozzle is detachably connected. The first nozzle includes a first cylinder; a first water inlet pipe is coaxially disposed within the first cylinder; a first water spray pipe is connected at an angle to the inner end of the first water inlet pipe; a first nozzle is connected to the end of the first water spray pipe away from the first water inlet pipe. The second nozzle includes a second cylinder; a second water inlet pipe is coaxially disposed through the second cylinder; a second water spray pipe is radially connected to the second water inlet pipe; a second nozzle is connected to the end of the second water spray pipe away from the second water inlet pipe; one end of the second cylinder is detachably connected to the first cylinder. The detachable connection design of the first and second nozzles significantly improves the efficiency and adaptability of mud cake flushing. The inner end of the first nozzle is connected to the first water spray pipe and the first nozzle at an included angle, which can form a directional high-pressure jet on the thick mud cake in the center area of ​​the cutterhead, effectively breaking down stubborn mud and dirt. Meanwhile, the second nozzle has multiple second water spray pipes and second nozzles arranged radially, which can flush the edges of the cutterhead and the back of the cutters from multiple angles, expanding the cleaning coverage. Through a modular dual-mode design, this shield tunnel mud cake flushing jet spraying device can adjust the nozzle combination according to different construction strata and mud cake characteristics, taking into account both the needs of high-pressure centralized flushing and multi-angle dispersed cleaning. Compared with the traditional single nozzle structure, it improves the mud cake removal effect, reduces cutterhead torque and cutter wear, extends equipment service life, and reduces the frequency of opening the chamber for cleaning, thereby significantly improving shield tunneling efficiency and reducing overall costs.

[0008] Preferably, the second cylinder has a plurality of first grooves evenly distributed along its circumference on its sidewall; the first grooves are connected to the first cylinder by bolts. The evenly distributed first grooves ensure balanced bolt force, making the connection between the first and second nozzles more secure, effectively resisting the impact of high-pressure water flow and vibrations during tunnel boring machine operation, and preventing a decrease in flushing effect due to nozzle loosening. The detachable bolt connection method facilitates quick on-site replacement of nozzle modules of different specifications, allowing for adjustments to the flushing scheme based on different geological conditions and mud cake characteristics; for example, using a high-pressure centralized nozzle combination in clay strata and a wide-angle dispersed nozzle combination in sand strata.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the second cylinder furthest from the first cylinder is detachably connected to a connecting section; the connecting section includes a third cylinder; a third water inlet pipe is coaxially arranged on the third cylinder; several second grooves are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer wall of the third cylinder; the second grooves are connected to the second cylinder by bolts. The third water inlet pipe, coaxially arranged on the third cylinder, connects with the second water inlet pipe to ensure smooth transmission of high-pressure water, reduce energy loss, and improve flushing efficiency. The evenly distributed second grooves and bolt connection method not only ensure connection strength but also facilitate the quick replacement of connecting sections of appropriate length or number according to different tunnel boring machine models and construction needs.

[0010] Preferably, a transmission section is detachably connected to the end of the connecting section away from the second nozzle; a rotary joint is connected to the end of the transmission section away from the connecting section; the transmission section is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame; a rotary drive assembly is mounted on the mounting frame, and the rotary drive assembly is connected to the transmission section. The design of the rotary joint and the transmission section allows the nozzle assembly to rotate 360° under high-pressure water supply, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed-angle spraying, and enabling all-round, no-dead-angle flushing of all areas of the cutterhead, especially effectively cleaning stubborn mud cakes on the back of the cutterhead, the edges of the cutterhead, and other hidden areas. The rotary drive assembly on the mounting frame can precisely control the nozzle speed and angle, and dynamically adjust the flushing parameters according to the thickness and hardness of the mud cake. In use, the mounting frame is mounted on the telescopic mechanism, and in conjunction with the movement of the rotary drive assembly, it drives the shield tunneling mud cake flushing jet spray device to rotate and extend into the mud cake to flush the cutterhead, avoiding the mud cake being too hard and affecting the cleaning operation of the cutterhead.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission section includes a fourth cylinder; a fourth water inlet pipe is coaxially arranged on the fourth cylinder; the fourth cylinder is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame; several third grooves are evenly arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the fourth cylinder; the third grooves are connected to connecting sections by bolts; the end of the fourth water inlet pipe away from the connecting section is connected to a rotary joint. The rotatable arrangement of the fourth cylinder on the mounting frame, in conjunction with the rotary joint, enables the rotation of the first and second nozzles, avoiding the risk of water leakage caused by pipe twisting in traditional structures, extending the service life of the equipment, and ensuring the rotational insertion of the shield tunneling mud cake flushing jet spraying device into the mud cake.

[0012] Preferably, the rotary drive assembly includes a hydraulic motor; the output end of the hydraulic motor is connected to the transmission section via a transmission unit; the hydraulic motor is mounted on a mounting frame. The rotary drive assembly uses a hydraulic motor as its power source, and the design of connecting the transmission section to the transmission unit provides a strong and stable power output for the rotation of the nozzle assembly. The hydraulic motor has a large output torque and a wide speed range, allowing for flexible adjustment of the nozzle rotation speed according to the actual conditions of the cutterhead mud cake. When dealing with thick, hard mud cakes, a low speed with high torque enhances the flushing force; when dealing with thin, soft mud cakes, a high speed improves the flushing efficiency, significantly enhancing the device's adaptability to different working conditions. Simultaneously, mounting the hydraulic motor on the mounting frame ensures the installation stability of the drive components, reduces vibration interference during rotation, and achieves efficient power transmission through the transmission unit, avoiding power loss and ensuring smooth and reliable nozzle rotation, thereby guaranteeing the uniformity of the jet spray and the flushing effect. Furthermore, during use, the mounting frame connects to a telescopic mechanism, driving the shield tunnel mud cake flushing jet spraying device to extend into the mud cake.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting frame includes a mounting plate; a fourth cylinder is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate; a flat plate is connected to the mounting plate via a support rod; a hydraulic motor is mounted on the mounting plate via a bracket; and a rotary joint is positioned between the mounting plate and the flat plate. The mounting plate provides a stable rotational support foundation for the fourth cylinder, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the transmission section during rotation; the flat plate connected by the support rod and the mounting plate form a layered layout, cleverly placing the rotary joint between them, which saves installation space and provides a certain degree of protection for the rotary joint, preventing it from being damaged by external collisions; the hydraulic motor is fixed to the mounting plate via a bracket, strengthening the structural correlation between the drive component and the core transmission component, reducing vibration offset during power transmission, and improving the overall stability and structural compactness of the device, while also providing convenient operating space for the maintenance and repair of each component.

[0014] Preferably, the transmission unit includes a driven gear that is keyed to the fourth cylinder; the driven gear meshes with a driving gear; the driving gear is located at the output end of the hydraulic motor.

[0015] Preferably, a first clearance groove is provided on the outer wall of the first cylinder to accommodate the first nozzle; and a blade is fixedly provided at the end of the first cylinder. The first clearance groove provides installation space for the first nozzle and forms a protective structure, preventing the nozzle from being damaged by direct collision with the cutter head or mud cake during rinsing. It also ensures that the sprayed water flow is not blocked by the cylindrical wall, guaranteeing accurate jet direction and concentrated impact force. The blade fixed at the end of the first cylinder can mechanically break up harder mud cake layers during the rotation and extension of the nozzle, forming a synergistic effect of "mechanical breaking + hydraulic rinsing" with the high-pressure water jet, significantly improving the removal efficiency of stubborn mud cakes. Especially for dense mud cakes with strong adhesion, the blade can pre-break the structural integrity, making it easier for the high-pressure water flow to penetrate and peel off the mud, further optimizing the rinsing effect.

[0016] Preferably, a second clearance groove is provided on the outer wall of the second cylinder to accommodate the second nozzle. The second clearance groove provides installation space for the second nozzle and forms a protective structure, preventing the nozzle from being damaged by direct collision with the cutter head or mud cake during scouring. At the same time, it ensures that the jet water flow is not blocked by the cylindrical wall, guaranteeing accurate jet direction and concentrated impact force.

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the advantages of this utility model include:

[0018] 1. The detachable connection design of the first and second nozzles significantly improves the efficiency and adaptability of mud cake flushing. The inner end of the first nozzle is connected to the first water spray pipe and the first nozzle at an angle, which can form a directional high-pressure jet on the thick mud cake in the center area of ​​the cutterhead, effectively breaking down stubborn mud. Meanwhile, the second nozzle has multiple second water spray pipes and second nozzles arranged radially, which can flush the edges of the cutterhead and the back of the cutters from multiple angles, expanding the cleaning coverage. Through the modular dual-mode design, this shield tunnel mud cake flushing jet spraying device can adjust the nozzle combination according to different construction strata and mud cake characteristics, taking into account both the needs of high-pressure centralized flushing and multi-angle dispersed cleaning. Compared with the traditional single nozzle structure, it improves the mud cake removal effect, reduces cutterhead torque and cutter wear, extends equipment service life, and reduces the frequency of opening the chamber for cleaning, thereby greatly improving shield tunneling efficiency and reducing overall costs.

[0019] 2. The rotary drive assembly uses a hydraulic motor as its power source, and the design of the transmission unit connecting the transmission section provides a strong and stable power output for the rotation of the nozzle assembly. The hydraulic motor has a large output torque and a wide speed range, which can flexibly adjust the nozzle rotation speed according to the actual situation of the cutterhead mud cake. When dealing with thick and hard mud cakes, a low speed with high torque is used to enhance the flushing force, while a high speed is used to improve the flushing efficiency when dealing with thin and soft mud cakes, significantly improving the adaptability of the device to different working conditions. At the same time, mounting the hydraulic motor on the mounting bracket ensures the installation stability of the drive components, reduces vibration interference during rotation, and achieves efficient power transmission through the transmission unit, avoiding power loss and ensuring smooth and reliable nozzle rotation, thereby ensuring the uniformity of jet spray and flushing effect. In addition, during use, the telescopic mechanism connected to the mounting bracket drives the shield mud cake flushing jet spraying device to extend into the mud cake. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the transmission section and rotary drive assembly of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second nozzle of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting section of this utility model.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-First nozzle, 2-Second nozzle, 3-Connecting section, 4-Transmission section, 5-Rotary joint, 6-Mounting bracket, 7-Hydraulic motor, 8-Driven gear, 9-Driving gear;

[0027] 101-First cylinder, 102-First water inlet pipe, 103-First water spray pipe, 104-First nozzle, 105-First clearance groove, 106-Knife teeth; 201-Second cylinder, 202-Second water inlet pipe, 203-Second water spray pipe, 204-Second nozzle, 205-First groove, 206-Second clearance groove; 301-Third cylinder, 302-Third water inlet pipe, 303-Second groove; 401-Fourth cylinder, 402-Fourth water inlet pipe, 403-Third groove; 601-Mounting plate, 602-Support rod, 603-Flat plate, 604-Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing includes a first nozzle 11, and a second nozzle 2 is detachably connected to the first nozzle 1. The first nozzle 1 includes a first cylinder 101. A first water inlet pipe 102 is coaxially arranged inside the first cylinder 101. A first water spray pipe 103 is connected at an angle to the inner end of the first water inlet pipe 102. A first nozzle 104 is connected to the end of the first water spray pipe 103 away from the first water inlet pipe 102. The second nozzle 2 includes a second cylinder 201. A second water inlet pipe 202 is coaxially arranged through the second cylinder 201. A second water spray pipe 203 is radially connected to the second water inlet pipe 202. A second nozzle 204 is connected to the end of the second water spray pipe 203 away from the second water inlet pipe 202. One end of the second cylinder 201 is detachably connected to the first cylinder 101.

[0030] The detachable connection design of the first nozzle 1 and the second nozzle 2 significantly improves the efficiency and adaptability of mud cake flushing. The first nozzle (1) has its inner end angled to connect the first water spray pipe 103 and the first nozzle 104, enabling it to form a directional high-pressure jet against the thick mud cake in the center of the cutterhead, effectively breaking down stubborn mud. Meanwhile, the second nozzle 2, with multiple radially arranged second water spray pipes 203 and second nozzles 204, can perform multi-angle flushing on the cutterhead edges and the back of the cutters, expanding the cleaning coverage. Through a modular dual-mode design, this shield tunneling mud cake flushing jet spraying device can adjust the nozzle combination according to different construction strata and mud cake characteristics, balancing the dual needs of high-pressure centralized flushing and multi-angle dispersed cleaning. Compared to the traditional single-nozzle structure, it improves mud cake removal efficiency, reduces cutterhead torque and cutter wear, extends equipment lifespan, and reduces the frequency of chamber opening for cleaning, thereby significantly improving shield tunneling efficiency and reducing overall costs.

[0031] The second cylinder 201 has several first grooves 205 evenly arranged along its circumference on its sidewall; the first grooves 205 are connected to the first cylinder 101 by bolts. A first clearance groove 105 is provided on the outer wall of the first cylinder 101 to accommodate the first nozzle 104; a blade tooth 106 is fixedly provided at the end of the first cylinder 101. A second clearance groove 206 is provided on the outer wall of the second cylinder 201 to accommodate the second nozzle 204.

[0032] The evenly distributed first groove 205 ensures balanced bolt force, making the connection between the first nozzle (1) and the second nozzle 2 more secure. This effectively resists the impact of high-pressure water flow and vibrations during tunnel boring machine operation, preventing a decrease in flushing effect due to nozzle loosening. The detachable bolt connection facilitates quick replacement of nozzle modules of different specifications on-site, allowing for adjustments to the flushing scheme based on different geological conditions and mud cake characteristics. For example, a high-pressure centralized nozzle combination can be used in clay strata, while a wide-angle dispersed nozzle combination can be used in sand strata. Specifically, one end of the first nozzle (1) is bolted to the first second nozzle 2, and the rear end of the first second nozzle 2 is bolted to the second second nozzle 2. The second water spray pipes 203 of the first and second nozzles 2 are staggered in the circumferential direction. The first clearance groove 105 provides installation space for the first nozzle 104 and forms a protective structure, preventing the nozzle from being damaged by direct collision with the cutter head or mud cake during rinsing. It also ensures that the jet stream is not obstructed by the cylindrical wall, guaranteeing precise jet direction and concentrated impact. The blades 106 fixed to the end of the first cylinder 101 mechanically break up harder mud cake layers during nozzle rotation and extension, creating a synergistic effect of "mechanical breaking + hydraulic rinsing" with the high-pressure water jet. This significantly improves the removal efficiency of stubborn mud cakes, especially for dense mud cakes with strong adhesion. The blades 106 pre-break down the structural integrity, making it easier for the high-pressure water jet to penetrate and peel off the mud, further optimizing the rinsing effect. The second clearance groove 206 provides installation space for the second nozzle 204 and forms a protective structure, preventing direct collision with the cutter head or mud cake during rinsing. It also ensures that the jet stream is not obstructed by the cylindrical wall, guaranteeing precise jet direction and concentrated impact.

[0033] In the above settings, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the end of the second cylinder 201 away from the first cylinder 101 is detachably connected to a connecting section 3; the connecting section 3 includes a third cylinder 301; a third water inlet pipe 302 is coaxially arranged on the third cylinder 301; a plurality of second grooves 303 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer wall of the third cylinder 301; the second grooves 303 are connected to the second cylinder 201 by bolts. The end of the connecting section 3 away from the second nozzle 2 is detachably connected to a transmission section 4; the end of the transmission section 4 away from the connecting section 3 is connected to a rotary joint 5; the transmission section 4 is rotatably mounted on a mounting frame 6; a rotary drive assembly is provided on the mounting frame 6, and the rotary drive assembly is connected to the transmission section 4. The transmission section 4 includes a fourth cylinder 401; a fourth water inlet pipe 402 is coaxially arranged on the fourth cylinder 401; the fourth cylinder 401 is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 6; a plurality of third grooves 403 are evenly arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the fourth cylinder 401; the third grooves 403 are connected to the connecting section 3 by bolts; the end of the fourth water inlet pipe 402 away from the connecting section 3 is connected to the rotary joint 5.

[0034] The third water inlet pipe 302, coaxially arranged with the third cylinder 301, connects to the second water inlet pipe 202, ensuring smooth high-pressure water flow transmission, reducing energy loss, and improving flushing efficiency. The evenly distributed second grooves 303, connected by bolts, ensure connection strength and facilitate quick replacement of the length or number of connecting sections 3 to suit different tunnel boring machine (TBM) models and construction needs. The design of the rotary joint 5 and transmission section 4 allows the nozzle assembly to rotate 360° under high-pressure water supply, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed-angle spraying. This allows for comprehensive, no-dead-angle flushing of all areas of the cutterhead, effectively cleaning stubborn mud cake from hidden areas such as the back of the cutter and the edges of the cutterhead. The rotary drive assembly on the mounting frame 6 precisely controls the nozzle speed and angle, dynamically adjusting flushing parameters according to the thickness and hardness of the mud cake. In use, the mounting frame 6 is installed on the telescopic mechanism, and in conjunction with the rotary drive assembly, it drives the shield mud cake flushing jet device to rotate and extend into the mud cake to flush the cutterhead, preventing the mud cake from being too hard and affecting the cleaning operation. The rotational setting of the fourth cylinder 401 on the mounting bracket 6, in conjunction with the rotary joint 5, enables the rotation of the first nozzle (see attached diagram 1) and the second nozzle 2. This avoids the risk of water leakage caused by pipe twisting in traditional structures, extends the service life of the equipment, and ensures the rotational insertion of the shield tunnel mud cake flushing jet spraying device into the mud cake.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotary drive assembly includes a hydraulic motor 7; the output end of the hydraulic motor 7 is connected to the transmission section 4 via a transmission unit; the hydraulic motor 7 is mounted on a mounting bracket 6. The mounting bracket 6 includes a mounting plate 601; a fourth cylinder 401 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 601; a flat plate 603 is connected to the mounting plate 601 via a support rod 602; the hydraulic motor 7 is mounted on the mounting plate 601 via a bracket 604; a rotary joint 5 is located between the mounting plate 601 and the flat plate 603. The transmission unit includes a driven gear 8 keyed to the fourth cylinder 401; the driven gear 8 meshes with a driving gear 9; the driving gear 9 is located at the output end of the hydraulic motor 7.

[0036] The rotary drive assembly uses a hydraulic motor 7 as its power source. Combined with the transmission unit connected to the transmission section 4, it provides a strong and stable power output for the nozzle assembly's rotation. The hydraulic motor 7 has a large output torque and a wide speed range, allowing for flexible adjustment of the nozzle rotation speed according to the actual conditions of the cutterhead mud cake. When dealing with thick, hard mud cakes, it uses low speed and high torque to enhance the flushing force, while using high speed to improve flushing efficiency when handling thin, soft mud cakes, significantly improving the device's adaptability to different working conditions. Simultaneously, mounting the hydraulic motor 7 on the mounting bracket 6 ensures the installation stability of the drive components, reduces vibration interference during rotation, and achieves efficient power transmission through the transmission unit, avoiding power loss and ensuring smooth and reliable nozzle rotation. This, in turn, guarantees the uniformity of the jet spray and the flushing effect. Furthermore, during use, the mounting bracket 6 connects to a telescopic mechanism, driving the shield tunnel mud cake flushing jet spraying device to extend into the mud cake. Mounting plate 601 provides a stable rotational support foundation for the fourth cylinder 401, ensuring the coaxiality and stability of the transmission section 4 during rotation. The plate 603 connected to the support rod 602 forms a layered layout with the mounting plate 601, cleverly placing the rotary joint 5 between the two. This saves installation space and provides some protection for the rotary joint 5, preventing it from being damaged by external collisions. The hydraulic motor 7 is fixed to the mounting plate 601 by the bracket 604, strengthening the structural correlation between the drive component and the core transmission component, reducing vibration offset during power transmission, improving the overall stability and structural compactness of the device, and providing convenient operating space for the maintenance and repair of each component.

[0037] In other alternative embodiments, the hydraulic motor 7 is replaced by an electric motor or a rotating platform; the transmission unit is replaced by a synchronous belt drive unit or a chain drive unit.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A jet spraying device for flushing mud cake in tunnel boring machines, comprising a first nozzle (1), characterized in that, The first nozzle (1) is detachably connected to the second nozzle (2); the first nozzle (1) includes a first cylinder (101); a first water inlet pipe (102) is coaxially arranged inside the first cylinder (101); a first water spray pipe (103) is connected at an angle to the inner end of the first water inlet pipe (102); a first nozzle (104) is connected to the end of the first water spray pipe (103) away from the first water inlet pipe (102); the second nozzle (2) includes a second cylinder (201); a second water inlet pipe (202) is coaxially arranged through the second cylinder (201); a second water spray pipe (203) is radially connected to the second water inlet pipe (202); a second nozzle (204) is connected to the end of the second water spray pipe (203) away from the second water inlet pipe (202); one end of the second cylinder (201) is detachably connected to the first cylinder (101).

2. The jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cylinder (201) has several first grooves (205) evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on its side wall; the first grooves (205) are connected to the first cylinder (101) by bolts.

3. The jet spraying device for shield tunnel mud cake flushing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second cylinder (201) has a connecting section (3) detachably connected to one end away from the first cylinder (101); the connecting section (3) includes a third cylinder (301); a third water inlet pipe (302) is coaxially arranged on the third cylinder (301); a number of second grooves (303) are evenly arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the third cylinder (301); the second grooves (303) are connected to the second cylinder (201) by bolts.

4. The jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting section (3) is detachably connected to the transmission section (4) at the end away from the second nozzle (2); the transmission section (4) is connected to the rotary joint (5) at the end away from the connecting section (3); the transmission section (4) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (6); the mounting frame (6) is provided with a rotary drive assembly, which is connected to the transmission section (4).

5. The jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission section (4) includes a fourth cylinder (401); a fourth water inlet pipe (402) is coaxially arranged on the fourth cylinder (401); the fourth cylinder (401) is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket (6); a number of third grooves (403) are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the fourth cylinder (401); the third grooves (403) are connected to the connecting section (3) by bolts; the end of the fourth water inlet pipe (402) away from the connecting section (3) is connected to the rotary joint (5).

6. The jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rotary drive assembly includes a hydraulic motor (7); the output end of the hydraulic motor (7) is connected to the transmission section (4) via a transmission unit; the hydraulic motor (7) is mounted on the mounting bracket (6).

7. The jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (6) includes a mounting plate (601); a fourth cylinder (401) is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate (601); the mounting plate (601) is connected to a flat plate (603) via a support rod (602); a hydraulic motor (7) is mounted on the mounting plate (601) via a bracket (604); and a rotary joint (5) is located between the mounting plate (601) and the flat plate (603).

8. The jet spraying device for shield tunnel mud cake flushing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission unit includes a driven gear (8) that is keyed to the fourth cylinder (401); the driven gear (8) meshes with a driving gear (9); the driving gear (9) is located at the output end of the hydraulic motor (7).

9. The jet spraying device for shield tunnel mud cake flushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cylinder (101) has a first clearance groove (105) on its outer wall to cooperate with the first nozzle (104); the first cylinder (101) has a knife tooth (106) fixedly provided at its end.

10. The jet spraying device for shield tunneling mud cake flushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cylinder (201) has a second clearance groove (206) on its outer wall to fit the second nozzle (204).

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