Micro-nano optical element, optical lens and camera
By depositing a filter film on the first surface of the optical element and designing a stepped structure on the second surface, the problems of high cost and low resolution of existing spectral imaging technology are solved, achieving efficient acquisition and filtering of light in preset wavelength bands and improving imaging quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANFU XINGLONG LAKE LAB
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing spectral imaging technologies are costly and have low image resolution, and cannot effectively filter out light outside of preset wavelengths.
Micro-nano optical elements are used, including a filter film layer formed by coating the first surface and multiple annular step structures designed on the second surface. The step height is proportional to the wavelength of the preset band. The filter film layer blocks light of non-preset band and the step structure regulates the light output.
It achieves efficient acquisition and filtering of light in preset wavelength bands, improves imaging resolution, and reduces imaging costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224303877U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of spectral imaging technology, and more specifically, to a micro / nano optical element, an optical lens, and a camera. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, in spectral imaging, light in various wavelengths is typically captured by optical lenses, then filtered through filters to obtain light in a preset wavelength range, which is then used to create an image. However, this method is costly and produces low-resolution images. Summary of the Invention
[0003] In order to at least overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a micro-nano optical element, an optical lens, and a camera.
[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a micro / nano optical element, the micro / nano optical element comprising a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other;
[0005] The first surface includes a filter film layer, which is used to block light outside a preset wavelength band from passing through;
[0006] The second surface includes multiple annular stepped structures, the height of which is proportional to the wavelength value of the preset band.
[0007] In one possible implementation, in a direction parallel to the second surface, the step structure includes a first step portion, a second step portion, and a third step portion arranged sequentially in a direction away from the center of the second surface;
[0008] The height h1 of the first step portion satisfies the following constraint:
[0009]
[0010] The height h2 of the second step satisfies the following constraint:
[0011]
[0012] The height h3 of the second step satisfies the following constraint:
[0013]
[0014] Where lam represents the wavelength of light in the preset band, and n represents the refractive index of the micro / nano optical element.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the radial radius coordinates of the stepped structure satisfy the following constraint:
[0016] |A1ρ 2+A2ρ 4 +…+A i ρ 2i |=2πk
[0017] Where ρ represents the radial radius coordinate; k represents the sequence number of the stepped structure; A i Represents the coefficient.
[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an optical lens, which includes the micro-nano optical elements provided in this application.
[0019] In one possible implementation, the optical lens further includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens are arranged sequentially along the incident direction of light in the preset wavelength band, and the micro-nano optical element is located between the second lens and the third lens.
[0020] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a camera, the camera including the optical lens provided in this application, the optical lens being used to collect light signals.
[0021] In one possible implementation, the camera includes at least two optical lenses, each of which is provided with different micro-nano optical elements, such that the corresponding optical lenses have different imaging bands.
[0022] In one possible implementation, the camera includes a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens, and a fifth optical lens;
[0023] The imaging band of the first optical lens is 445-455 nm; the imaging band of the second optical lens is 550-560 nm; the imaging band of the third optical lens is 655-665 nm; the imaging band of the fourth optical lens is 715-725 nm; and the imaging band of the fifth optical lens is 835-845 nm.
[0024] In one possible implementation, the camera further includes an imaging module and an image processing module, wherein the imaging module is used to convert the light signal acquired by the optical lens into an image; and the image processing module is used to process the image.
[0025] In one possible implementation, the camera further includes an auxiliary sensor for recording ambient light information.
[0026] Based on any of the above aspects, the micro-nano optical elements, optical lenses, and cameras provided in the embodiments of this application can effectively collect light of a preset wavelength band and filter light of other wavelength bands by depositing a filter film layer on the first surface and forming multiple annular step structures on the second surface, thereby achieving high-resolution imaging of the preset wavelength band. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the micro / nano optical element provided in this embodiment;
[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second surface provided in this embodiment;
[0030] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the second surface provided in this embodiment;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the optical lens provided in this embodiment;
[0032] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the camera provided in this embodiment;
[0033] Figure 6 This is the second schematic diagram of the camera structure provided in this embodiment.
[0034] Icons: 100 - Micro / nano optical element; 110 - First surface; 120 - Second surface; 121 - Stepped structure; 121a - First step; 121b - Second step; 121c - Third step; 200 - Optical lens; 210 - First lens; 220 - Second lens; 230 - Third lens; 240 - Fourth lens; 250 - Fifth lens; 201 - First optical lens; 202 - Second optical lens; 203 - Third optical lens; 204 - Fourth optical lens; 205 - Fifth optical lens; 300 - Imaging module; 400 - Image processing module; 500 - Auxiliary sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0037] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0039] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0040] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0041] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, different features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.
[0042] This embodiment provides a solution to the above problems. The specific implementation of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 Example: A schematic diagram of the structure of the micro-nano optical element 100 provided in this embodiment. The micro-nano optical element 100 is a subwavelength structure and may include a first surface 110 and a second surface 120 disposed opposite to each other.
[0044] The first surface 110 may include a filter film layer, which can be used to block light outside a preset wavelength band from passing through.
[0045] In this embodiment, a film can be deposited on the first surface 110 to form the light filter layer. The light filter layer can completely cover the first surface 110 and can be used for filtering light, allowing light of a preset wavelength band to pass through and blocking light of other wavelength bands from passing through. For example, the light filter layer can only allow light with a wavelength of 445-455 nanometers to pass through.
[0046] It should be noted that during the coating process, the selective transmission of light to specific wavelengths can be achieved by adjusting parameters such as the material and thickness of the filter film.
[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 The second surface 120 may include a plurality of annular step structures 121, the height of which may be proportional to the wavelength value of the preset band.
[0048] In this embodiment, the width of each step structure 121 can gradually decrease in the direction away from the center of the second surface 120. The centers of the multiple annular step structures 121 coincide, and each annular step structure 121 can include multiple annular step portions of different heights. The height of each step portion is proportional to the wavelength of light in a preset band that the micro-nano optical element 100 is allowed to pass through, thereby achieving higher imaging resolution.
[0049] Specifically, the stepped structure 121 can be formed by photolithography.
[0050] In the above structure, by depositing the filter film layer on the first surface 110 and forming multiple annular stepped structures 121 on the second surface 120, light of a preset wavelength band can be effectively collected and light of other wavelength bands can be filtered to achieve high-resolution imaging of the preset wavelength band.
[0051] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 3In a direction parallel to the second surface 120, each of the step structures 121 may include a first step portion 121a, a second step portion 121b, and a third step portion 121c arranged sequentially in a direction away from the center of the second surface 120. In a direction perpendicular to the second surface 120, the first step portion 121a is located above the second step portion 121b, and the second step portion 121b is located above the third step portion 121c.
[0052] The height h1 of the first step portion 121a can satisfy the following constraints:
[0053]
[0054] The height h2 of the second step portion 121b can satisfy the following constraints:
[0055]
[0056] The height h3 of the second step portion 121b can satisfy the following constraints:
[0057]
[0058] Where lam represents the wavelength of light in the preset band, and n represents the refractive index of the micro-nano optical element 100.
[0059] Specifically, the first step portion 121a, the second step portion 121b, and the third step portion 121c can be formed by three etching processes. The depth of the first etching can be equal to the height h1 of the first step portion 121a, the depth of the second etching can be equal to the height h2 of the second step portion 121b, and the depth of the third etching can be equal to the height h3 of the third step portion 121c.
[0060] It should be noted that the number of steps in the stepped structure 121 is not limited to three, but can also be four, five, etc., and no specific limitation is made here.
[0061] In the above design, by setting the heights of the first step portion 121a, the second step portion 121b and the third step portion 121c, the output of the incident light can be modulated when it passes through the second surface 120, so as to achieve stronger optical diffraction.
[0062] In one possible implementation, the phase delay function of the second surface 120 can be:
[0063]
[0064] Where M represents the diffraction order, N represents the order of the phase function, and Ai Let ρ represent the coefficients for each order, and ρ represent the normalized radial coordinates, i.e.:
[0065]
[0066] Where, ρ N Let ρ represent the normalized radius. Assuming the diffraction order M is 1, then the normalized radius ρ... N Since it is also 1, ρ can directly represent the radial coordinate.
[0067] Since the boundary of the stepped structure 121 occurs where the phase delay function value is exactly a multiple of 2π, the radial radius coordinates of the stepped structure 121 can satisfy the following constraints:
[0068] |A1ρ 2 +A2ρ 4 +…+A i ρ 2i |=2πk
[0069] Where ρ represents the radial radius coordinate; k represents the sequence number of step structure 121; A i This represents the coefficient of each step structure 121.
[0070] In some examples, if the second surface 120 only takes the first two coefficients (i.e., the second coefficient is not 0), then the radius of each of the step structures 121 can be obtained as follows:
[0071]
[0072] The value of the number k of the step structure 121 can increase from the center position of the second surface 120 towards the edge, and the radius of the step structure 121 is the distance between the side of the step structure 121 away from the center position of the second surface 120 and the center position of the second surface 120.
[0073] For example, please refer to again Figure 3 The radius of the step structure 121 closest to the center of the second surface 120 can be calculated in the following way:
[0074]
[0075] In this case, the value of the sequence number k of the step structure 121 is equal to 1.
[0076] This application embodiment also provides an optical lens 200, which may include the micro-nano optical element 100 provided in this application.
[0077] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4The optical lens 200 may further include a first lens 210, a second lens 220, a third lens 230, a fourth lens 240, and a fifth lens 250. The first lens 210, the second lens 220, the third lens 230, the fourth lens 240, and the fifth lens 250 are arranged sequentially along the incident direction of light in the preset wavelength band. The micro-nano optical element 100 may be located between the second lens 220 and the third lens 230.
[0078] In this embodiment, the first lens 210 and the second lens 220 allow light of different wavelengths to pass through, are filtered by the micro / nano optical element 100, and then transmitted through the third lens 230, the fourth lens 240, and the fifth lens 250. The first lens 210, the second lens 220, the third lens 230, the fourth lens 240, and the fifth lens 250 can all be spherical lenses.
[0079] In some examples, the micro / nano optical element 100 may allow only light with a wavelength of 550-560 nanometers to pass through, while blocking light of other wavelengths.
[0080] In addition, the materials of the first lens 210, the second lens 220, the third lens 230, the fourth lens 240 and the fifth lens 250 can be plastic, glass or other composite materials, and no specific limitation is made here.
[0081] In the above design, by setting the micro-nano optical element 100 in the optical lens 200, light of other wavelengths can be blocked from passing through, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens 200 and reducing the weight of the optical lens 200.
[0082] This application embodiment also provides a camera, which may include the optical lens 200 provided in this application, and the optical lens 200 may be used to collect light signals of a preset wavelength band.
[0083] In one possible implementation, the camera may include at least two optical lenses 200, each optical lens 200 being provided with different micro-nano optical elements 100, so that the corresponding optical lenses 200 have different imaging bands.
[0084] In this embodiment, each of the optical lenses 200 in the camera can form an image independently, and the micro-nano optical elements 100 in different optical lenses 200 can allow different wavelengths of light to pass through. For example, different optical lenses 200 can pass through red light, yellow light, green light, etc.
[0085] Specifically, the design parameters of the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 of the micro-nano optical element 100 in different optical lenses 200 are different. For example, the material or thickness of the filter film layer of the first surface 110 of different micro-nano optical elements 100 are different, and the height of the step structure 121 of the second surface 120 of different micro-nano optical elements 100 is different.
[0086] It should be noted that the number of optical lenses 200 can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, the number of optical lenses 200 can be three, four or five, and no specific limitation is made here.
[0087] In the above design, by combining the optical lenses 200 with different imaging bands, independent imaging capabilities of different bands can be achieved, and the overall imaging quality can be improved. It can also be widely used in scientific research, artistic creation, medical imaging and environmental monitoring.
[0088] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 5 The camera may include a first optical lens 201, a second optical lens 202, a third optical lens 203, a fourth optical lens 204, and a fifth optical lens 205. The first optical lens 201, the second optical lens 202, the third optical lens 203, the fourth optical lens 204, and the fifth optical lens 205 may respectively collect light of different wavelengths.
[0089] The imaging wavelength of the first optical lens 201 is 445-455 nm. The imaging wavelength of the second optical lens 202 is 550-560 nm. The imaging wavelength of the third optical lens 203 is 655-665 nm. The imaging wavelength of the fourth optical lens 204 is 715-725 nm. The imaging wavelength of the fifth optical lens 205 is 835-845 nm.
[0090] In this embodiment, the micro-nano optical element 100 in the first optical lens 201 allows light with a wavelength of 445-455 nanometers to pass through and blocks light of other wavelengths. The micro-nano optical element 100 in the second optical lens 202 allows light with a wavelength of 550-560 nanometers to pass through and blocks light of other wavelengths. The micro-nano optical element 100 in the third optical lens 203 allows light with a wavelength of 655-665 nanometers to pass through and blocks light of other wavelengths. The micro-nano optical element 100 in the fourth optical lens 204 allows light with a wavelength of 715-725 nanometers to pass through and blocks light of other wavelengths. The micro-nano optical element 100 in the fifth optical lens 205 allows light with a wavelength of 835-845 nanometers to pass through and blocks light of other wavelengths.
[0091] It should be noted that the imaging bands of the first optical lens 201, the second optical lens 202, the third optical lens 203, the fourth optical lens 204, and the fifth optical lens 205 can be selected according to actual needs, as long as the imaging bands of the first optical lens 201, the second optical lens 202, the third optical lens 203, the fourth optical lens 204, and the fifth optical lens 205 are different, and no specific limitation is made here.
[0092] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 6 The camera may further include an imaging module 300 and an image processing module 400. The imaging module 300 can be used to convert the light signal captured by the optical lens 200 into an image. The image processing module 400 can be used to process the image.
[0093] In this embodiment, the imaging module 300 may include an imaging sensor board, which may be composed of a printed circuit board (PCB) and a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chip. The image processing module 400 may consist of a main control core board and a main control expansion board. The image processing module 400 can be used to process the image obtained by the imaging module 300, for example, by performing spectral inversion using algorithms such as radiometric calibration.
[0094] In one possible implementation, please refer again. Figure 6 The camera may also include an auxiliary sensor 500, which can be used to record ambient light information so that the image processing module 400 can perform image processing.
[0095] In summary, this embodiment provides a micro / nano optical element, an optical lens, and a camera. By depositing a filter film layer on the first surface and forming multiple annular stepped structures on the second surface, it can effectively collect light of a preset wavelength band and filter light of other wavelength bands, thereby achieving high-resolution imaging of the preset wavelength band.
[0096] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0097] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A micro / nano optical element, characterized in that, The micro / nano optical element includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; The first surface includes a filter film layer, which is used to block light outside a preset wavelength band from passing through; The second surface includes multiple annular stepped structures, the height of which is proportional to the wavelength value of the preset band.
2. The micro / nano optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a direction parallel to the second surface, the stepped structure includes a first stepped portion, a second stepped portion, and a third stepped portion arranged sequentially in a direction away from the center of the second surface; The height h1 of the first step portion satisfies the following constraint: The height h2 of the second step satisfies the following constraint: The height h3 of the second step satisfies the following constraint: Where lam represents the wavelength of light in the preset band, and n represents the refractive index of the micro / nano optical element.
3. The micro / nano optical element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial radius coordinates of the stepped structure satisfy the following constraints: |A1p 2 +A2p 4 +…+A i r 2i |=2πk Where ρ represents the radial radius coordinate; k represents the sequence number of the stepped structure; A i Represents the coefficient.
4. An optical lens, characterized in that, The optical lens includes the micro-nano optical element as described in any one of claims 1-3.
5. The optical lens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The optical lens further includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens. The first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens are arranged sequentially along the incident direction of light in the preset wavelength band. The micro-nano optical element is located between the second lens and the third lens.
6. A camera, characterized in that, Includes the optical lens according to any one of claims 4-5, the optical lens being used to collect optical signals.
7. The camera according to claim 6, characterized in that, The camera includes at least two optical lenses, each of which is equipped with different micro-nano optical elements, so that the corresponding optical lenses have different imaging bands.
8. The camera according to claim 7, characterized in that, The camera includes a first optical lens, a second optical lens, a third optical lens, a fourth optical lens, and a fifth optical lens; The imaging band of the first optical lens is 445-455 nm; the imaging band of the second optical lens is 550-560 nm; the imaging band of the third optical lens is 655-665 nm; the imaging band of the fourth optical lens is 715-725 nm; and the imaging band of the fifth optical lens is 835-845 nm.
9. The camera according to claim 6, characterized in that, The camera also includes an imaging module and an image processing module. The imaging module is used to convert the light signals collected by the optical lens into images; the image processing module is used to process the images.
10. The camera according to claim 6, characterized in that, The camera also includes an auxiliary sensor for recording ambient light information.