A double-jacketed reactor

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of chemical equipment technology and discloses a double-lined reactor, including a reactor body and a venturi tube. The reactor body includes an outer steel component, a PTFE layer, and a perforated plate. The outer steel component, PTFE layer, and perforated plate are arranged in parallel. The perforated plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer steel component, and the PTFE layer is fixedly connected to the side of the perforated plate away from the outer steel component. A sandwich space is formed between the PTFE layer and the outer steel component, and the PTFE layer is the reaction space for the materials. The feed section and discharge section of the venturi tube are respectively connected to the reaction space, and the throat of the venturi tube is connected to the sandwich space. The reactor using a double-lined structure instead of a Hastelloy reactor and introducing a venturi tube can, on the one hand, utilize the jetting effect of the venturi tube to ensure thorough mixing of materials, which is beneficial to improving the reaction effect; on the other hand, the negative pressure generated by the venturi tube during operation can extract the gas that has permeated into the sandwich space, reducing the possibility of bulging inside the reactor and increasing the service life of the reactor, without the need for an additional vacuum system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of chemical equipment technology and relates to a reaction vessel, specifically a double-lined reaction vessel. Background Technology

[0002] The boron trifluoride synthesis process uses a mixture of fluoroboric acid and fuming sulfuric acid as feedstock, which is heated to 130°C in a reactor to generate boron trifluoride gas. Both fluoroboric acid and fuming sulfuric acid are highly corrosive acids, and their corrosiveness is even stronger at high temperatures, requiring high corrosion resistance from the equipment materials.

[0003] In industrial production, Hastelloy or PTFE-lined steel reactors are generally selected. Although Hastelloy has a certain degree of corrosion resistance, it cannot be used for a long time and will also corrode after two or three years. In addition, Hastelloy material is expensive, resulting in high equipment investment costs.

[0004] When using a PTFE reactor, fluoroboric acid will slowly penetrate the PTFE material at high temperatures, corroding the PTFE backing adhesive. This causes the PTFE layer to separate from the steel shell of the reactor, resulting in bulging and cracking of the PTFE layer and damage to the equipment. Under normal circumstances, a steel-lined PTFE reactor can only be used for one to two years under these conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a double-lined reaction vessel.

[0006] A double-lined reactor includes a vessel body and a venturi tube. The vessel body includes an outer steel component, a PTFE layer, and a perforated plate. The outer steel component, PTFE layer, and perforated plate are arranged in parallel. The perforated plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer steel component, and the PTFE layer is fixedly connected to the side of the perforated plate away from the outer steel component. A sandwich space is formed between the PTFE layer and the outer steel component, and the PTFE layer contains the reaction space for the materials. The feed section and discharge section of the venturi tube are respectively connected to the reaction space, and the throat of the venturi tube is connected to the sandwich space.

[0007] After the reactants enter the reactor, the reactor is started. The mixture enters the venturi tube, and under the action of the venturi tube, the mixture is fully mixed, making the reaction more complete. During the reaction, if the reactants permeate the PTFE layer, they can enter the interlayer space through the permeation holes in the porous plate. While the venturi tube is working, a negative pressure is formed at the throat of the venturi tube, which extracts the reactants that have permeated into the interlayer space, reducing the possibility of bulging inside the reactor and improving the service life of the reactor.

[0008] Preferably, a vacuum buffer tank is provided between the throat of the venturi tube and the interlayer space, and the vacuum buffer tank is connected to both the interlayer space and the throat of the venturi tube.

[0009] The high fluid velocity at the venturi throat creates negative pressure, resulting in a pressure difference with the interlayer space. The vacuum buffer tank can buffer and stabilize the pressure between the two, preventing pressure fluctuations from damaging the PTFE inside the reactor and preventing PTFE rupture or detachment due to sudden pressure changes, thus affecting the normal use and safety of the reactor.

[0010] Preferably, a jet circulation pump is provided between the feed section of the venturi tube and the reaction space, the feed port of the jet circulation pump is connected to the reaction space, and the discharge port of the jet circulation pump is connected to the venturi tube.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of connecting columns are fixedly connected to one side of the perforated plate near the outer steel member, and the end of the connecting column away from the perforated plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer steel member.

[0012] The connecting column serves to connect the perforated plate and the outer steel component, allowing the perforated plate to be stably fixed inside the outer steel component.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the interlayer space between the perforated plate and the outer steel component is 3 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the vessel also includes a stirrer, which is rotatably disposed within the vessel body, and the rotation axis of the stirrer is coaxial with the central axis of the vessel body.

[0015] By installing a stirrer, the reactants entering the reactor can be initially mixed, which helps to improve the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction, avoids local concentrations that are too high or too low, and ensures that the reaction can proceed under relatively uniform conditions.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a heating circulation pump, the inlet and outlet of which are respectively connected to the reaction space.

[0017] The heating circulation pump can circulate materials to the pump for heating or cooling as needed for the reaction, thereby maintaining the constant temperature required for the reaction.

[0018] Preferably, a three-way valve is provided between the heating circulation pump and the reaction space, with two channels of the three-way valve respectively connected to the heating circulation pump and the reaction space, and the other channel of the three-way valve used for discharging waste.

[0019] Preferably, a second jet circulation pump is provided between the reactor and the feed inlet of the heating circulation pump. The feed inlet of the second jet circulation pump is connected to the reaction space, and the discharge outlet of the second jet circulation pump is connected to the inlet of the tee.

[0020] Preferably, the porous plate has a plurality of permeation holes evenly distributed thereon.

[0021] Preferably, the diameter of the permeation hole is 5 mm, and the center distance between two adjacent permeation holes is 10 mm.

[0022] The size and density of the permeable pores are related to the permeability of the material, and the stability of the PTFE layer must also be considered. If the material has high permeability, the diameter and density of the permeable pores can be appropriately increased, but not excessively, to avoid reducing the fixed area of ​​the PTFE layer and affecting its stability. If the material has low permeability, the diameter and density of the permeable pores can be appropriately reduced, but not excessively, to avoid bulging between the PTFE layer and the porous plate.

[0023] Preferably, both the outer steel component and the perforated plate are made of carbon steel.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, one or more technical solutions provided by the present invention have at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The double-lined reactor replaces the Hastelloy reactor, which solves the problems of Hastelloy corrosion and the easy bulging and cracking of ordinary steel-lined PTFE lining. The introduction of Venturi tubes can, on the one hand, make the materials fully mixed by utilizing the spraying effect of the Venturi tubes, which is conducive to improving the reaction effect; on the other hand, the negative pressure generated by the Venturi tubes during operation can be used to extract the gas that has permeated into the interlayer space, reduce the possibility of bulging inside the reactor, and improve the service life of the reactor without the need for an additional vacuum system.

[0026] (2) In the prior art, in order to improve reaction efficiency, fluoroboric acid and fuming sulfuric acid are mixed in a static mixer before being transferred to the reactor. After mixing, fluoroboric acid and fuming sulfuric acid react violently and exothermically to generate boron trifluoride gas. The water in the fluoroboric acid will vaporize rapidly, resulting in violent mixing in the small space of the static mixer. Under the action of acid corrosion and gas impact, the static mixer is easily corroded and damaged. The reactor provided by this utility model is equipped with a stirrer to perform preliminary mixing of the materials entering the reactor, and a venturi tube and a heating circulation pump are set to form a dual loop. It is not necessary to use a static mixer to pre-treat the materials, and the materials can be fully mixed, ensuring reaction efficiency and production efficiency, which is conducive to industrialization and marketization. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the vessel body in Example 1.

[0030] Labeling Explanation: 1. Reactor Body; 101. Outer Steel Components; 102. PTFE Layer; 103. Perforated Plate; 104. Connecting Column; 105. Permeation Hole; 2. Venturi Tube; 3. Heating Circulation Pump; 4. Stirrer; 5. Jacket Space; 6. Reaction Space; 7. Feed Pipe; 8. Discharge Pipe; 9. Vacuum Buffer Tank; 10. Jet Circulation Pump I; 11. T-Way; 12. Jet Circulation Pump II. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] A double-lined reactor, reference Figure 1 The reactor includes a vessel body 1, a venturi tube 2, a heating circulation pump 3, and a stirrer 4. The vessel body 1 comprises an outer steel component 101, a PTFE layer 102, and a perforated plate 103, arranged in parallel. The PTFE layer 102 is fixedly connected to the side of the perforated plate 103 away from the outer steel component 101. In actual operation, the PTFE layer 102 is fixedly connected to the perforated plate 103 using adhesive. A sandwich space 5 is formed between the PTFE layer 102 and the outer steel component 101, and the space within the PTFE layer 102 serves as the reaction space 6 for the materials.

[0035] Reference Figure 2The perforated plate 103 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer steel component 101 by multiple connecting posts 104. The two ends of each connecting post 104 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the perforated plate 103 and the outer steel component 101, respectively. The preferred method of connection is welding. The length of each connecting post 104 is 3 mm. Multiple permeation holes 105 are evenly distributed on the perforated plate 103. The diameter of each permeation hole 105 is 5 mm, and the center distance between two adjacent permeation holes 105 is 10 mm. In other embodiments, the pore size and spacing of the permeation holes can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The reactor body 1 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet. An inlet pipe 7 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the inlet, and an outlet pipe 8 is fixedly connected to and communicates with the outlet. In this embodiment, two inlet pipes 7 are provided, one for feeding fuming sulfuric acid and the other for feeding fluoroboric acid. The outlet pipe 8 is used for discharging boron fluoride. Both the inlet pipe 7 and the outlet pipe 8 are located at the top of the reactor body 1. Since the product is boron fluoride gas, the location of the outlet pipe 8 at the top of the reactor body 1 facilitates discharge. If the reactor is used to produce other products, the number and position of the inlet pipe 7 and the outlet pipe 8 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0037] A stirrer 4 is rotatably mounted inside the vessel body 1, with its rotation axis coaxial with the central axis of the vessel body 1. By installing the stirrer 4, the reactants entering the reactor can be initially mixed, which helps to improve the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction, avoids situations where the local concentration is too high or too low, and ensures that the reaction can proceed under relatively uniform conditions.

[0038] Both the feed section and discharge section of the venturi tube 2 are connected to the reaction space 6, and the throat of the venturi tube 2 is connected to the jacketed space 5. When the reactants enter the reactor, the agitator is activated for initial mixing. The mixture is then transported to the venturi tube 2, where it is thoroughly mixed to ensure a more complete reaction. If reactants permeate the PTFE layer 102 during the reaction, they can enter the jacketed space 5 through the permeation holes 105 in the porous plate 103. Simultaneously, a negative pressure is created at the throat of the venturi tube 2, drawing out the reactants that have permeated into the jacketed space 5, reducing the possibility of bulging inside the reactor and extending its service life.

[0039] A vacuum buffer tank 9 is installed between the throat of the venturi tube 2 and the interlayer space 5. The vacuum buffer tank 9 is connected to both the interlayer space 5 and the throat of the venturi tube 2. Due to the high fluid velocity at the throat of the venturi tube 2, a negative pressure is formed, creating a pressure difference with the interlayer space 5. The vacuum buffer tank 9 acts as a pressure buffer and stabilizer between the two, preventing pressure fluctuations from damaging the PTFE inside the reactor and preventing PTFE rupture or detachment due to sudden pressure changes, which would affect the normal use and safety of the reactor. In the actual design, to facilitate the transfer of materials from the reactor to the venturi tube 2, a jet circulation pump 10 is installed between the reactor and the feed section of the venturi tube 2. The inlet of the jet circulation pump 10 is connected to the reaction space 6, and the outlet of the jet circulation pump 10 is connected to the venturi tube 2. The Venturi tube 2 is made of molded PFA material, and the nozzle inside the Venturi tube 2 is made of silicon carbide material. The material in the reactor is transported to the Venturi tube 2 by the jet circulation pump 10. After being processed by the Venturi tube 2, the material is sprayed back into the reactor.

[0040] The feed end and discharge end of the heating circulation pump 3 are connected to the reaction space 6, respectively. The heating circulation pump 3 can circulate materials to the heating circulation pump 3 for heating or cooling as needed for the reaction, thereby maintaining the constant temperature required for the reaction.

[0041] A three-way valve 11 is installed between the heating circulation pump 3 and the reaction space 6. The inlet of the three-way valve 11 is connected to the reaction space 6, one outlet of the three-way valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the heating circulation pump 3, and the other outlet of the three-way valve 11 is used to discharge waste material (sulfuric acid). When the reactor is used to prepare boron fluoride, the fluoride ions in fluoroboric acid combine with the hydrogen ions in sulfuric acid to generate hydrogen fluoride. The hydrogen fluoride then reacts with fluoroborate ions to generate boron fluoride gas. Sulfuric acid mainly plays the role of providing hydrogen ions and promoting the reaction. After the reaction, the sulfate ions combine with the remaining hydrogen ions to form sulfuric acid, which is discharged through the outlet of the three-way valve 11.

[0042] To facilitate the transfer of materials from the reactor to the heating circulation pump 3, a second jet circulation pump 12 is installed between the reactor and the inlet of the heating circulation pump 3. The inlet of the second jet circulation pump 12 is connected to the reaction space 6, and the outlet of the second jet circulation pump 12 is connected to the inlet of the three-way valve 11.

[0043] In actual operation, fuming sulfuric acid and fluoroboric acid are added to the reactor through two feed pipes 7, respectively. Then, the stirrer 4 is started to mix the fuming sulfuric acid and fluoroboric acid, and simultaneously, two jet circulation pumps are started to pump the materials in the reactor to the venturi tube 2 and the heating circulation pump 3, respectively. The jetting action of the venturi tube 2 ensures thorough mixing of the materials. At the same time, the negative pressure generated by the venturi tube 2 extracts the gas that has permeated into the interlayer space 5. The materials entering the heating circulation pump 3 are heated to 130°C, and then the heating circulation pump 3 is turned off. The reaction of fuming sulfuric acid and fluoroboric acid is exothermic, and only a certain amount of heat needs to be provided in the early stage of the reaction to promote the reaction. During the reaction, the stirrer 4 and the two jet circulation pumps 10 operate continuously, allowing the materials to circulate in a dual-loop system. This eliminates the need for pretreatment of the materials using a static mixer, ensuring thorough mixing and guaranteeing reaction and production efficiency, which is beneficial for industrialization and marketization.

[0044] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A double-lined reactor, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a vessel body (1) and a venturi tube (2). The vessel body (1) includes an outer steel component (101), a PTFE layer (102), and a perforated plate (103). The outer steel component (101), the PTFE layer (102), and the perforated plate (103) are arranged in parallel. The perforated plate (103) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer steel component (101). The PTFE layer (102) is fixedly connected to the side of the perforated plate (103) away from the outer steel component (101). A sandwich space (5) is formed between the PTFE layer (102) and the outer steel component (101). The PTFE layer (102) contains a reaction space (6) for the material. The feed section and discharge section of the venturi tube (2) are respectively connected to the reaction space (6). The throat of the venturi tube (2) is connected to the sandwich space (5).

2. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum buffer tank (9) is provided between the throat of the venturi tube (2) and the interlayer space (5), and the vacuum buffer tank (9) is connected to the interlayer space (5) and the throat of the venturi tube (2).

3. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A jet circulation pump (10) is provided between the feed section of the venturi tube (2) and the reaction space (6). The feed port of the jet circulation pump (10) is connected to the reaction space (6), and the discharge port of the jet circulation pump (10) is connected to the venturi tube (2).

4. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a stirrer (4), which is rotatably disposed in the vessel body (1), and the rotation axis of the stirrer (4) is coaxial with the central axis of the vessel body (1).

5. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heating circulation pump (3), the feed end and the discharge end of which are respectively connected to the reaction space (6).

6. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A three-way valve (11) is provided between the heating circulation pump (3) and the reaction space (6). The inlet of the three-way valve (11) is connected to the reaction space (6), one outlet of the three-way valve (11) is connected to the inlet of the heating circulation pump (3), and the other outlet of the three-way valve (11) is used to discharge waste.

7. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A second jet circulation pump (12) is provided between the reactor and the feed inlet of the heating circulation pump (3). The feed inlet of the second jet circulation pump (12) is connected to the reaction space (6), and the discharge outlet of the second jet circulation pump (12) is connected to the inlet of the heating circulation pump (3).

8. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porous plate (103) has a plurality of permeation holes (105) evenly distributed on it.

9. The double-lined reactor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the outer steel component (101) and the perforated plate (103) are made of carbon steel.

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