Intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger

Abstract

This utility model discloses an intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger. The spindle includes a shaft body, with an upper end and a lower end connected to the upper and lower ends respectively. Multiple axially extending sealing plates are arranged on the shaft surface. A buffer space is provided at the connection between the upper and lower ends and the shaft body, with both ends of the sealing plates extending into the buffer space. An elastic reset element is provided between each sealing plate and the shaft body. An axially extending sliding groove is provided at the end of the shaft body, with the opening of the sliding groove facing the lower end. An axially extending through hole is provided at the lower end, with the through hole having the same axis as the sliding groove and its diameter smaller than the groove width. A limiting rod slides within the through hole, with both ends of the limiting rod extending out of the through hole. A limiting head is provided at the upper end of the limiting rod, and an impact element is provided at the lower end. The limiting head slides against the groove wall of the sliding groove. A pressure detection device is provided between the limiting head and the bottom of the sliding groove to detect the pressure the impact element withstands when impacted. This solves the problem of difficult-to-control plunger running speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of natural gas extraction, specifically to an intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger. Background Technology

[0002] In the development of natural gas or oil wells, plungers are a commonly used lifting device. Their working principle is as follows: With the well shut in, the plunger descends to the bottom of the well; when the well is opened, the pressure generated by the fluid below the plunger drives it upwards, lifting the liquid above the plunger to the wellhead and discharging the accumulated fluid. To ensure the plunger stops at a predetermined position after descending to the bottom of the well, a downhole limiter is usually installed at the bottom of the well to prevent the plunger from continuing to descend. Downhole conditions are complex, and the plunger may be unable to move forward in sections with small wellbore diameters, and its speed may be difficult to control.

[0003] Patent application CN110107250A discloses a plunger comprising a mandrel, a support ring, a biasing ring, a sealing gasket, and an elastic element. Through the sealing gasket and elastic element, when the plunger passes through a section in the wellbore where the inner diameter suddenly decreases, the deformable sealing gasket is subjected to axial force and moves inward, reducing the radial dimension of the plunger and allowing it to pass smoothly through this section. However, this plunger structure cannot detect or control its speed. Excessive plunger speed results in significant impact force, potentially damaging equipment in the wellbore. Conversely, a slow plunger speed affects lifting efficiency, leading to low production efficiency and reduced economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger to solve the problem of difficulty in controlling the operating speed of existing plungers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: an intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger, comprising a mandrel, the mandrel comprising a shaft body, the upper and lower ends of the shaft body being connected to an upper end and a lower end respectively, a plurality of axially extending sealing plates being provided on the shaft surface of the shaft body, a buffer space being provided at the connection between the upper and lower ends and the shaft body, the two ends of the sealing plates extending into the buffer space, an elastic reset member being provided between each sealing plate and the shaft body, a sliding groove being axially provided at the end of the shaft body, the opening of the sliding groove facing the lower end, a through hole being axially provided at the lower end, the through hole being parallel to the axis of the sliding groove and the diameter of the through hole being smaller than the groove width of the sliding groove, a limiting rod being slidably fitted inside the through hole, the two ends of the limiting rod extending out of the through hole, a limiting head being provided at the upper end of the limiting rod, an impact member being provided at the lower end of the limiting rod, the limiting head being slidably fitted with the groove wall of the sliding groove, a pressure detection device being provided between the limiting head and the bottom of the sliding groove, the pressure detection device being used to detect the pressure borne by the impact member when it is impacted.

[0006] The principle and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: By setting multiple sealing plates on the shaft surface, with both ends of the sealing plates extending into the buffer space and limited by the connecting parts of the upper and lower ends respectively, and an elastic reset element is set between the sealing plates and the shaft, when the plunger is running normally, the sealing plates contact the well wall, reducing the friction coefficient between the plunger body and the well wall, protecting the surface of the mandrel, and extending its service life. At the same time, the sealing plates contact the upper and lower ends to form a seal, preventing fluid in the well from entering the mandrel. When the plunger passes through a narrower well passage, the sealing plates are squeezed, causing them to move radially. The elastic reset element is also squeezed, at which point the sealing plates deform and smoothly pass through the narrower well wall. Under the influence of deformation, the axial length of both ends of the sealing plates increases, and they contact the upper and lower ends to form a seal. After passing through the narrower well wall, the sealing plates return to their original shape under the elastic force of the elastic reset element.

[0007] During the operation of the plunger, the pressure detection device detects the pressure of the limit head on the detection spring, thereby obtaining the impact force on the impact component. This is used to control the plunger's operating speed, keeping it within a specified threshold to prevent damage to the equipment from excessive plunger speed and to avoid affecting production efficiency from insufficient plunger speed. At the same time, the device detects the impact force of the spring on the pressure buffer limit head to prevent damage to the pressure sensor.

[0008] When the plunger of this invention moves to the bottom of the well, the impact component collides with the bottom-of-well limiter. The impact force generated by the bottom-of-well limiter on the impact component during the collision is transmitted to the limit head through the limit rod. The pressure detection device obtains the impact force of the impact component by detecting the impact force of the limit head. By detecting the impact force of the impact component, the extent of fluid accumulation at the bottom of the well can be determined. The amount of fluid accumulation at the bottom of the well affects the magnitude of the collision force between the impact component and the bottom-of-well limiter. More fluid accumulation results in a slower downward speed of the plunger and a smaller collision force, while less fluid accumulation results in a faster downward speed of the plunger and a larger collision force. By using the pressure detection device to detect the pressure at the end of the impact component near the mandrel, the magnitude of the collision force between the impact component and the bottom-of-well limiter can be recorded. This collision force data can assist users in determining the amount of fluid accumulation at the bottom of the well, improving the level of intelligence in natural gas or oil well production.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure detection device includes a pressure sensor, a memory, and a detection spring. The pressure sensor is disposed at the bottom of the sliding groove, the detection spring is disposed between the pressure sensor and the limiting head, and the memory is sealed inside the mandrel and electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The pressure sensor, located at the bottom of the sliding groove, can directly sense the pressure transmitted from the limit head through the detection spring. This direct pressure transmission method reduces energy loss and interference, thus more accurately detecting pressure changes and improving measurement accuracy. The detection spring between the pressure sensor and the limit head acts as a buffer and protector. When the limit head is subjected to large pressure, the detection spring can first undergo elastic deformation to absorb some of the impact force, preventing the pressure sensor from being damaged by excessive pressure and extending its service life. The memory can store the data detected by the pressure sensor, facilitating subsequent analysis, processing, and traceability of the pressure data.

[0011] More preferably, it also includes a communication terminal, which is electrically connected to the memory and used to export the pressure data stored in the memory.

[0012] Beneficial effect: It facilitates the transmission of pressure data in the memory via the communication terminal.

[0013] Preferably, the shaft is a stepped shaft with a large diameter section in the middle and small diameter sections at both ends. The upper and lower ends have the same connection end structure as the shaft, and both are provided with a connecting limiting groove at the connection end. The bottom of the limiting groove is provided with a connecting groove. The width of the limiting groove is greater than the width of the connecting groove. The small diameter section extends into the connecting groove and is fixedly connected to the connecting groove. The shoulder between the small diameter section and the large diameter section abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove to form a limiting position. The width of the limiting groove is greater than the shaft diameter of the large diameter section to form a buffer space. The groove wall and groove opening of the limiting groove form a flange for limiting.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The small diameter section at both ends of the shaft fits into the connecting grooves of the upper and lower ends, while the large diameter section fits into the limiting groove. The shaft shoulder abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove, ensuring accurate relative positioning between the shaft and the upper and lower ends, facilitating installation. This not only increases assembly efficiency but also ensures assembly accuracy. The buffer space and flange at the connecting ends of the upper and lower ends are used to limit the sealing plate and enhance sealing performance.

[0015] More preferably, the small diameter section is provided with a fixing groove, and the small diameter section is provided with a fixing hole, through which a fixing pin extends into the fixing groove.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By reinforcing the connection between the upper and lower ends and the shaft with fixing pins, the overall strength of the plunger is improved and its service life is increased.

[0017] More preferably, the radial cross-section of the shaft is circular, the radial inner surface of the sealing sheet is an arc surface with the same diameter as the shaft diameter, the radial outer surface of the sealing sheet is an outwardly convex arc surface, the two ends of the sealing sheet extend axially, and a limiting part is formed between the extended section and the radial outer surface of the sealing sheet, and the flange of the limiting groove abuts against the limiting part.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The inner surface of the sealing strip is an arc surface with the same diameter as the shaft, which allows the inner surface of the sealing strip to fit tightly against the shaft. The limiting parts at both ends of the sealing strip abut against the flange of the limiting groove. When the sealing strip is squeezed and moves in the radial direction, the limiting part of the sealing strip abuts against the axial end face of the flange to achieve a seal. When the elastic reset member restores the sealing strip to its original shape, the limiting part of the sealing strip abuts against the opening of the limiting groove to achieve a seal. The outer surface of the sealing strip is a raised arc surface, which is adapted to narrow well walls and facilitates passage through well walls.

[0019] Preferably, the sealing sheet is provided with a guide pin on the side near the shaft, the guide pin extends radially, the shaft surface is provided with a radially extending guide groove, and the guide pin extends into the guide groove to form a limit.

[0020] Beneficial effect: The guide pin and guide groove cooperate to prevent the sealing sheet from moving axially when it is squeezed.

[0021] Preferably, the limiting rod is provided with a buffer to buffer the impact force of the impact component on the spindle.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The buffer is compressed or stretched when the impactor approaches the end of the mandrel. When the plunger descends to the bottom of the well, the impactor collides with the bottom limiter and stops moving. Under the action of inertia, the mandrel moves towards the impactor. At this time, the buffer is stretched or compressed. The deformation of the buffer absorbs the impact force generated when the impactor collides with the equipment in the well, thereby protecting the plunger and the equipment in the well. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] The markings in the accompanying drawings include: plunger 010, spindle 100, upper end 110, connecting groove 111, fixing pin 112, flange 113, lower end 120, threaded section 121, through hole 124, shaft 130, small diameter section 131, guide groove 133, sliding groove 134, pressure sensor 210, memory 220, detection spring 230, communication terminal 240, sealing plate 300, extension section 310, buffer space 320, elastic reset element 400, impact element 500, buffer element 600, guide pin 700, limit rod 800, and limit head 810. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0028] Example 1

[0029] See Figures 1 to 2 A smart composite process flow rate threshold plunger is disclosed. The plunger 010 includes a spindle 100, which includes a shaft 130. An upper end 110 and a lower end 120 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the shaft 130, respectively. Multiple axially extending sealing plates 300 are provided on the axial surface of the shaft 130. A buffer space 320 is provided at the connection between the upper and lower ends 120 and the shaft 130. Both ends of the sealing plates 300 extend into the buffer space 320. An elastic reset element 400 is provided between each sealing plate 300 and the shaft 130, preferably a spring. A sliding groove 134 is axially provided at the end of the shaft 130, with the opening of the sliding groove 134 facing the lower end 120. A through hole 124 is axially provided at the lower end 120, with the through hole 124 having the same axis as the sliding groove 134 and a diameter smaller than the groove width of the sliding groove 134. A limiting rod 800 is slidably fitted within the through hole 124, with both ends of the limiting rod 800 extending out of the through hole 124. A limiting head 810 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the limiting rod 800. The limiting rod 800 and the limiting head 810 can be welded or integrally formed. In this embodiment, the limiting rod 800... The limiting head 810 and the limiting rod 800 are integrally formed. The lower end of the limiting rod 800 is fixedly connected to the impact member 500. The impact member 500 and the limiting rod 800 can be fixedly connected by thread or welding. In this embodiment, the impact member 500 and the limiting rod 800 are welded. The diameter of the limiting head 810 is larger than the diameter of the limiting rod 800. The limiting head 810 slides against the wall of the sliding groove 134. A pressure detection device is provided between the limiting head 810 and the bottom of the sliding groove 134. The pressure detection device is used to detect the pressure that the impact member 500 withstands when it is impacted. The cross-sections of the through hole 124, the sliding groove 134, the limiting rod 800, and the limiting head 810 can be circular or square. In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the through hole 124, the sliding groove 134, the limiting rod 800, and the limiting head 810 are circular.

[0030] Preferably, the pressure detection device includes a pressure sensor 210, a memory 220, and a detection spring 230. The pressure sensor 210 is disposed at the bottom of the sliding groove 134, and the detection spring 230 is disposed between the pressure sensor 210 and the limiting head 810. The memory 220 is sealed inside the spindle 100 and electrically connected to the pressure sensor 210 for storing pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 210. In this embodiment, the memory 220 is disposed inside the upper end head 110. It also includes a communication terminal 240, which is disposed at the end of the upper end head 110 and electrically connected to the memory 220 for exporting the pressure data stored in the memory 220. A protective device is provided on the upper end head 110 to protect the communication terminal 240.

[0031] The shaft 130 is a stepped shaft with a large-diameter section in the middle and small-diameter sections 131 at both ends. The upper end 110 and lower end 120 have the same connection end structure as the shaft 130, both having a connecting limiting groove at the connection end. The bottom of the limiting groove has a connecting groove 111. The width of the limiting groove is greater than the width of the connecting groove 111. The small-diameter section 131 extends into the connecting groove 111 and is fixedly connected to it. The shoulder between the small-diameter section 131 and the large-diameter section abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove to form a limiting position. The width of the limiting groove is greater than the shaft diameter of the large-diameter section, forming a buffer space 320. The groove wall and groove opening of the limiting groove form a flange 113 for limiting. The small-diameter section 131 and the connecting groove 111 can be threaded or interference-fitted. In this embodiment, the small-diameter section 131 and the connecting groove 111 have a threaded section 121, using a threaded connection. The small diameter section 131 is provided with a fixing hole, and a fixing pin 112 extends through the fixing hole into the fixing groove. The fixing pin 112 can be an interference fit with the fixing groove and the fixing hole, or the fixing pin 112 can be threadedly connected to the fixing groove. In this embodiment, the fixing pin 112 is an interference fit with the fixing groove and the fixing hole.

[0032] Preferably, the radial cross-section of the shaft 130 is circular, the radial inner surface of the sealing plate 300 is an arc surface with the same diameter as the shaft 130, and the radial outer surface of the sealing plate 300 is an outwardly convex arc surface. The sealing plate 300 extends axially at both ends, and the extension section 310 forms a limiting portion with the radial outer surface of the sealing plate 300. The flange 113 of the limiting groove abuts against this limiting portion. A guide pin 700 is provided on the side of the sealing plate 300 near the shaft 130. One end of the guide pin 700 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 300, and the other end extends radially. The axial surface of the shaft 130 is provided with a radially extending guide groove 133, and the guide pin 700 is inserted into the guide groove 133 to form a limiting position. There are multiple guide pins 700; in this embodiment, there are two guide pins 700.

[0033] The sealing sheet 300 has a reset component mounting groove on its radial inner surface. The shaft body 130 has a reset component buffer groove at a corresponding position on its axial surface. The groove is aligned with the axis of the reset component mounting groove, and the groove width is adapted to the shape of the elastic reset component 400. One end of the elastic reset component 400 is located in the reset component mounting groove, and the other end is located in the reset component buffer groove.

[0034] Preferably, the limiting rod 800 is provided with a buffer 600 to buffer the impact force of the impact member 500 on the spindle 100. In this embodiment, the buffer 600 is located between the impact member 500 and the lower end 120, with one end of the buffer 600 abutting against the impact member 500 and the other end abutting against the lower end 120.

[0035] During installation, first place the elastic reset member 400 in the reset member buffer groove, then cover the elastic reset member 400 with the sealing plate 300 in sequence. At the same time, push the limiting head 810 and the limiting rod 800 into the sliding groove 134. Then install the upper and lower end heads, and insert the fixing pin 112 into the end head and the shaft body 130 to form a fixation. Finally, place the buffer member 600 on the limiting rod 800 and fix the impact member 500 to the limiting rod 800. When installing the upper and lower end heads, first press the sealing plate 300, then put the upper and lower end heads into the two ends of the shaft body 130, so that the flange 113 on the end head abuts against the extension section 310 of the sealing plate 300. Then install the fixing pin 112 into the fixing hole and fixing groove.

[0036] During plunger operation, the impact member 500 is subjected to external impact force, which is transmitted to the limit head 810 through the limit rod 800. The limit head 810 contacts the detection spring 230. The pressure sensor 210 detects the pressure in real time and stores the pressure data in the memory 220 and transmits it to the control terminal through the communication terminal 240, thereby controlling the running speed of the plunger and making the plunger run within a fixed threshold range. Furthermore, by analyzing the pressure, data on the fluid accumulation at the bottom of the well is obtained.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] See Figure 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the buffer 600 is located between the lower end 120 and the limiting head 810. One end of the buffer 600 abuts against the limiting head 810, and the other end abuts against the lower end 120. By placing the buffer 600 between the lower end 120 and the limiting head 810, the impact force of the limiting head 810 on the lower end 120 is absorbed, preventing excessive impact force from the limiting head 810 on the lower end 120 and thus avoiding damage to the lower end 120, thereby extending the service life of the plunger.

[0039] During installation, after the limiting head 810 and the limiting rod 800 are pushed into the sliding groove 134, the buffer 600 is then fitted onto the limiting rod 800, and then the upper and lower ends are installed.

[0040] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger, characterized by: The device includes a mandrel, which comprises a shaft body. The upper and lower ends of the shaft body are connected to an upper end and a lower end, respectively. Multiple axially extending sealing plates are provided on the shaft surface. A buffer space is provided at the connection between the upper and lower ends and the shaft body. Both ends of the sealing plates extend into the buffer space. An elastic reset element is provided between each sealing plate and the shaft body. An axially extending sliding groove is provided at the end of the shaft body, with the opening of the sliding groove facing downwards. An axially extending through-hole is provided at the lower end, with the through-hole having the same axis as the sliding groove and a diameter smaller than the groove width. A limiting rod slides within the through-hole, with both ends extending out of the through-hole. A limiting head is provided at the upper end of the limiting rod, and an impact element is provided at the lower end. The limiting head slides against the groove wall of the sliding groove. A pressure detection device is provided between the limiting head and the bottom of the sliding groove to detect the pressure the impact element withstands when impacted.

2. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 1, wherein: The pressure detection device includes a pressure sensor, a memory, and a detection spring. The pressure sensor is disposed at the bottom of the sliding groove, the detection spring is disposed between the pressure sensor and the limiting head, and the memory is sealed inside the mandrel and electrically connected to the pressure sensor.

3. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 2, wherein: It also includes a communication terminal, which is electrically connected to the memory and is used to export the pressure data stored in the memory.

4. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 1, wherein: The shaft is a stepped shaft with a large diameter section in the middle and small diameter sections at both ends. The upper and lower ends have the same connection structure as the shaft, and both are provided with a connecting limiting groove at the connection end. The bottom of the limiting groove has a connecting groove. The width of the limiting groove is greater than the width of the connecting groove. The small diameter section extends into the connecting groove and is fixedly connected to the connecting groove. The shoulder between the small diameter section and the large diameter section abuts against the bottom of the limiting groove to form a limiting position. The width of the limiting groove is greater than the shaft diameter of the large diameter section to form a buffer space. The groove wall and groove opening of the limiting groove form a flange for limiting.

5. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 4, wherein: The small diameter section is provided with a fixing groove and a fixing hole, and a fixing pin extends into the fixing groove through the fixing hole.

6. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 4, wherein: The radial cross-section of the shaft is circular, the radial inner surface of the sealing sheet is an arc surface with the same diameter as the shaft diameter, the radial outer surface of the sealing sheet is an outwardly convex arc surface, the two ends of the sealing sheet extend axially, and a limiting part is formed between the extended section and the radial outer surface of the sealing sheet, and the flange of the limiting groove abuts against the limiting part.

7. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 1, wherein: The sealing sheet is provided with a guide pin on the side near the shaft, the guide pin extends radially, the shaft surface is provided with a radially extending guide groove, and the guide pin extends into the guide groove to form a limit.

8. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 1, wherein: The limiting rod is equipped with a buffer to buffer the impact force of the impact component on the spindle.

9. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 8, wherein: The buffer is located between the impact member and the lower end, with one end of the buffer abutting the impact member and the other end abutting the lower end.

10. The intelligent composite process flow rate threshold plunger of claim 8, wherein: The buffer is located between the lower end and the limiting head, with one end of the buffer abutting the limiting head and the other end abutting the lower end.

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