A kind of antique Beijing brick's shade drying device

Abstract

This utility model discloses an air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks, including an outer shell, a portion of which is pre-buried underground, with an opening at the top and a height of more than 60cm above the ground; an inner shell, with a top cover welded to its top, which is inserted into the outer shell through the opening, forming a ventilation cavity between the inner and outer shells; the top cover is detachably fixed to the outer shell, with an assembly port in the middle of the top cover connecting to the inner shell, and support surfaces formed on both sides of the assembly port; ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner shell; and a carrier structure, on which the air-dried brick blanks are supported. The carrier structure is hoisted to the assembly port by a hoisting device and inserted downwards into the inner shell, with the carrier structure limited by the support surfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks. Background Technology

[0002] 1. Limitations of the traditional air-drying process for Beijing bricks

[0003] Imitation antique bricks (such as gold bricks and Chengni bricks) need to undergo a long period of air-drying before firing. Traditional methods mainly involve natural air-drying rooms or cellars for storage, which has the following technical drawbacks:

[0004] Unstable humidity control: It depends on the ambient temperature and humidity, and the drying cycle is long (usually 40-60 days). The brick blank is prone to cracking due to sudden changes in humidity (the cracking rate can reach 5%-8%).

[0005] Uneven ventilation: Natural convection cannot guarantee uniform airflow distribution, and the drying rate difference between the bottom and top of the brick blank is >15%.

[0006] Disadvantages of cellar storage: The underground humidity buffering effect is limited and cannot be actively regulated, making it prone to dampness during the rainy season.

[0007] 2. Attempts to improve existing technologies

[0008] Drying room technology: Electric heating is used for forced drying, which shortens the cycle, but high temperature (>40℃) will cause the surface of the brick to harden too quickly and internal stress to accumulate.

[0009] Based on the above problems, we designed an air-drying device for antique Beijing bricks that shortens the drying cycle, has controllable drying efficiency, and avoids cracking of the brick blanks due to excessively fast drying. Utility Model Content

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an air-drying device for antique Beijing bricks that shortens the drying cycle, has controllable drying efficiency, and avoids cracking of the brick blank due to excessively fast drying.

[0011] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0012] An air-drying device for imitating ancient Beijing bricks, comprising,

[0013] The outer casing is partially embedded underground, has an opening at its upper end, and is exposed above ground level at a height greater than 60 cm.

[0014] The inner shell has a top cover welded to its upper end. The inner shell is inserted into the outer shell through an opening, forming a ventilation cavity between them. The top cover is detachably fixed to the outer shell. The top cover has an assembly port in its center that communicates with the inner shell, and support surfaces are formed on both sides of the assembly port. Ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner shell.

[0015] The carrier structure supports the air-dried brick blanks. The carrier structure is hoisted to the assembly port by hoisting equipment and inserted downward into the inner shell. The carrier structure is limited by the support surface.

[0016] An air intake fan supplies air to the ventilation cavity.

[0017] An exhaust fan is provided, with an extension duct installed at its air inlet. The extension duct passes through the outer casing and then inserts into the inner casing.

[0018] A humidity sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the inner housing to monitor humidity changes within the inner housing.

[0019] A PLC controller is connected to the humidity sensor, the air inlet fan, and the air outlet fan.

[0020] A cover cloth is laid on top of the top cover.

[0021] Preferably, a retaining edge portion is welded to the outer wall of the outer shell, and after being embedded in the outer shell, the retaining edge portion is limited to the ground.

[0022] Preferably, a vertical through-hole is provided at the top of the top cover, the through-hole is located on the outside of the inner shell, the through-hole communicates with the ventilation cavity, and a supplementary device is inserted through the through-hole.

[0023] Preferably, the supplementary device includes a pipe fitting with a closed lower end and a pipe cap threaded to the upper end. A metal mesh is provided on the outer wall of the pipe fitting, and a lifting ring is provided at the upper end of the pipe cap. Filler is provided inside the pipe fitting, and the pipe fitting passes through the assembly hole. The pipe cap is located at the top of the top cover.

[0024] Preferably, the filler is an absorbent sponge or a desiccant.

[0025] Preferably, the carrier structure includes a top plate, a bottom plate, side rails, and a tray. Four side rails are rectangularly distributed and fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate. The width of the bottom plate is smaller than the width of the assembly opening. The downward movement of the top plate is limited by the support surface. Multiple trays are arranged parallel to each other on the top and bottom. The trays are fixed to the side rails, and the surface of the trays is evenly distributed with ventilation holes. A second lifting ring is arranged in a rectangular pattern on the top of the top plate.

[0026] Preferably, guide slopes are machined on both sides of the assembly port, and first guide slopes that cooperate with the guide slopes are machined on both sides of the top plate.

[0027] Preferably, the cover is made of linen.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0029] 1. Soil moisture buffer: The outer shell is buried 1.2m underground, utilizing the soil's constant moisture characteristics (annual fluctuation < ±5%RH) as a natural moisture stabilizer.

[0030] 2. Closed-loop control: The PLC controller dynamically adjusts the fan speed based on humidity sensor data (PID algorithm control), with humidity fluctuation range ≤ ±3%RH.

[0031] 3. Air enters through the ventilation cavity → ventilation hole → inner shell, forming a uniform airflow (wind speed gradient < 0.1m / s difference).

[0032] 4. The ventilation holes in the tray ensure that the drying rate difference between the bottom and top of the brick blank is less than 5%.

[0033] 5. Staged humidity control prevents the surface from hardening too quickly, with a measured cracking rate of ≤0.5% (compared to 5%-8% for traditional processes).

[0034] 6. After air drying, the moisture content gradient of the brick blank is <2% (>5% in traditional process), and the compressive strength increases by about 10% after firing.

[0035] 7. Dry areas: Add absorbent sponges to the supplementary device to extend the humidification cycle.

[0036] 8. Humid areas: Use dual dehumidifiers (silica gel + montmorillonite) to enhance humidity control.

[0037] 9. Shorten the drying cycle through active ventilation to increase the production efficiency of Beijing bricks. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device after the carrier structure has been removed;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the outer shell and the inner shell;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a magnified view of point A;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a magnified view of point B;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the vehicle structure. Detailed Implementation

[0045] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed herein, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0046] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "center", "end", "length", "outer end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0048] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "socket," "connect," "through," and "plug-in" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] See Figures 1 to 4 The device shown is an air-drying device for imitating ancient Beijing bricks, comprising:

[0051] The outer casing 1 is partially embedded underground, with an opening 11 at its upper end, and the height of the outer casing 1 exposed above the ground is greater than 60cm.

[0052] The inner shell 2 has a top cover 21 welded to its upper end. The inner shell 2 is inserted into the outer shell 1 through an opening 11, forming a ventilation cavity between the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 1. The top cover 21 is detachably fixed to the outer shell 1. The top cover 21 has an assembly port 22 in the middle that communicates with the inner shell 2. Support surfaces 23 are formed on both sides of the assembly port 22. Ventilation holes 211 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner shell 2.

[0053] The carrier structure 3 carries the air-dried brick blanks. The carrier structure 3 is hoisted to the assembly port 22 by the hoisting equipment and inserted downward into the inner shell 2. The carrier structure 3 is limited by the support surface 23.

[0054] Air intake fan 4, which supplies air to the ventilation cavity.

[0055] An exhaust fan 5 is provided, and an extension duct 51 is installed at the air inlet end of the exhaust fan 5. The extension duct 51 passes through the outer shell 1 and is inserted into the inner shell 2.

[0056] Humidity sensor 6 is embedded in the inner wall of the inner housing 2, and monitors humidity changes within the inner housing 2.

[0057] PLC controller 7, which is connected to humidity sensor 6, air inlet fan 4 and air outlet fan 5;

[0058] Cover 9 is laid on top of the top cover 21.

[0059] In the above technical solution, the outer shell 1 is partially embedded in the soil, using the soil to buffer humidity, which is equivalent to a cellar.

[0060] After the inner shell 2 and the outer shell 1 are fitted together, they form a ventilation cavity. The air supplied by the inlet fan 4 is evenly delivered through the ventilation hole 211 and then carried out by the outlet fan 5, which removes the humidity inside the device and achieves the effect of air drying.

[0061] The internal humidity of the device is monitored by humidity sensor 6.

[0062] The start-up time and operating speed of the inlet fan 4 and the outlet fan 5 are set by the PLC controller.

[0063] See Figure 3 As shown, a retaining edge portion 121 is welded to the outer wall of the outer shell 1. After being embedded in the outer shell 1, the retaining edge portion 121 is limited to the ground.

[0064] The edge portion 121 contacts the ground to prevent the outer casing 1 from being inserted too deeply.

[0065] See Figure 3 As shown, a vertical through-hole is provided on the top of the top cover 21. The assembly hole is located on the outside of the inner shell 2 and connects to the ventilation cavity. A supplementary device 8 is inserted through the assembly hole.

[0066] The function of the supplementary device 8 is to regulate the air humidity of the device.

[0067] See Figure 5 As shown, the supplementary device 8 includes a pipe 81, the lower end of which is closed, and the upper end is threadedly connected to a pipe cap 82. A metal mesh 83 is provided on the outer wall of the pipe 81, and a lifting ring 84 is provided on the upper end of the pipe cap 82. A filler is provided inside the pipe 81. The pipe 81 passes through the assembly hole 221, and the pipe cap 72 is located on the top of the top cover 21.

[0068] The filler is an absorbent sponge or a desiccant.

[0069] The filling material rotates primarily based on the internal air humidity of the device.

[0070] When the air humidity is too high, use a desiccant. A mild desiccant should be used, such as activated carbon, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, montmorillonite, or silica gel. Do not use desiccants that are highly hygroscopic, such as quicklime.

[0071] When the air humidity is insufficient, use an absorbent sponge to absorb water and replenish moisture.

[0072] See Figure 6 As shown, the carrier structure 3 includes a top plate 31, a bottom plate 32, side rails 33, and a tray 34. Four side rails 33 are rectangularly distributed and fixed between the top plate 31 and the bottom plate 32. The width of the bottom plate 32 is smaller than the width of the assembly opening 22. The downward movement of the top plate 31 is limited by the support surface 23. Multiple trays 34 are arranged parallel to each other on the top and bottom. The trays 34 are fixed to the side rails 33, and the surface of the trays 34 is evenly distributed with ventilation holes 341. Second lifting rings 331 are arranged in a rectangular pattern on the top of the top plate 31.

[0073] In the above technical solution, a multi-layered tray 34 is used to place the brick blanks. The bottom of the tray 34 is evenly distributed with ventilation holes 341 to increase the air permeability of the bottom of the brick blanks.

[0074] The second lifting ring 331 is used in conjunction with a gantry crane for lifting.

[0075] When it is necessary to flip the brick blank, the overhead crane lifts the carrier structure 3 to the outside, then flips the brick blank and puts it back.

[0076] See Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, guide slopes 232 are machined on both sides of the assembly port 22, and first guide slopes 332 that cooperate with the guide slopes 232 are machined on both sides of the top plate 31.

[0077] The cooperation between the guide ramp 232 and the first guide ramp 332 facilitates the hoisting of the carrier structure 3.

[0078] The cover cloth 9 is linen.

[0079] The burlap surface has evenly distributed pores, which helps with ventilation of the device.

[0080] First, prepare a shade drying room. The shade drying room should be free of light and use louvers and fans for passive or active ventilation.

[0081] A gantry crane is installed in the air-drying room. The gantry crane is used for lifting the vehicle structure 3.

[0082] Excavate a pit on the ground of the air-drying room. The lower part of the outer shell 1 is pre-buried in the pit. The gap between the outer shell 1 and the pit is filled with activated carbon, bamboo charcoal or wood charcoal.

[0083] Air-drying process:

[0084] Operating procedures

[0085] Pretreatment: After the newly formed brick blanks have been left to stand for 24 hours, they are placed into the device and placed on the tray of carrier structure 3.

[0086] Initial stage (days 1-7): Maintain air humidity at 75%-80% with natural ventilation. If humidity is insufficient, actively increase it. There are two ways to increase humidity: First, turn on the intake fan and place a humidifier at the fan's intake position. The fan will then deliver humidified air into the device, increasing the internal humidity. Second, use supplementary device 8. Fill the inside of supplementary device 8 with absorbent sponges. The sponges absorb water, and the evaporation of the water from the sponges will increase the humidity within the device. During natural ventilation, rotate the bricks daily.

[0087] Mid-term (8-20 days): Maintain air humidity at 65%-70%, with intermittent ventilation (2 hours each in the morning and evening). During intermittent ventilation, the intake and exhaust fans should be started simultaneously (if the humidity is insufficient, refer to the initial humidification method).

[0088] Later stage (21-30 days): Maintain air humidity ≤60%, continue ventilation, and remove the cover.

[0089] The structure of this device, which is embedded in the ground, is a simulated cellar structure, utilizing soil moisture for buffering.

[0090] I. Detailed Explanation of Device Structure

[0091] 1. Main framework system

[0092] Outer shell (1)

[0093] It is made of 304 stainless steel by welding, with a wall thickness of 8mm and a rust-proof surface treatment.

[0094] Pre-embedded design: The lower end is buried underground, with an exposed height of 80cm (±5mm) above the ground. The gap between the lower end and the foundation pit is filled with 50mm thick bamboo charcoal particles (particle size 3-5mm) to regulate humidity and buffer the environment.

[0095] Edge guard (121): Used to support the ground, 150mm wide and 10mm thick, to prevent sinking.

[0096] Inner shell (2)

[0097] It is installed coaxially with the outer casing, with an 80mm gap to form an annular ventilation cavity.

[0098] Ventilation holes (211): 4mm in diameter, arranged in a rectangular array, with a total opening area accounting for ≥35%. Top cover (21): 6mm steel plate laser-cut, with the assembly opening (22) size matching the carrier tolerance of ±2mm.

[0099] 2. Ventilation control system

[0100] Fan configuration:

[0101] Air intake fan (4): Axial flow type, air volume 800m³ 3 / h, equipped with a variable frequency motor (0-50Hz adjustable). Outlet fan (5): axial flow type, air volume 1000m³ / h. 3 / h, equipped with a variable frequency motor (0-50Hz adjustable). Sensor:

[0102] Humidity sensor (6): SHT31 type, accuracy ±2%RH, installed in the upper part of the inner housing.

[0103] 3. Auxiliary Module

[0104] Supplementary device (8)

[0105] Pipe fitting (81) dimensions: Φ150×600mm, 304 stainless steel woven mesh (20 mesh count).

[0106] Filler selection criteria:

[0107]

[0108] Cover with cloth (9)

[0109] Made of linen (280g / m²) 2), moisture permeability ≥2000g / m 2 / 24h, allow 200mm for edge sagging when covering.

[0110] II. Working Principle

[0111] airflow organization

[0112] Air intake path: outside air → air intake fan → ventilation cavity → ventilation hole → inner shell (vertical laminar flow, wind speed 0.3m / s).

[0113] Dehumidification path: Humid air → Extended duct → Exhaust fan → External exhaust.

[0114] Airflow dead zone control: Ensure the wind speed at the bottom of the brick blank is ≥0.1m / s through the ventilation holes of the tray.

[0115] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0116] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0117] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0118] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0119] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0120] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for air-drying imitation ancient Beijing bricks, characterized in that: include, The outer shell (1) is partially embedded underground, and has an opening (11) at its upper end. The height of the outer shell (1) exposed above the ground is greater than 60 cm. An inner shell (2) is provided, with a top cover (21) welded to its upper end. The inner shell (2) is inserted into the outer shell (1) through an opening (11). A ventilation cavity is formed between the inner shell (2) and the outer shell (1). The top cover (21) is detachably fixed to the outer shell (1). An assembly port (22) communicating with the inner shell (2) is machined in the middle of the top cover (21). Support surfaces (23) are machined on both sides of the assembly port (22). Ventilation holes (211) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the inner shell (2). The carrier structure (3) carries the air-dried brick blanks. The carrier structure (3) is hoisted to the assembly port (22) by the hoisting equipment and inserted downward into the inner shell (2). The carrier structure (3) is limited by the support surface (23). An air intake fan (4) supplies air to the ventilation cavity. An exhaust fan (5) is provided, and an extension duct (51) is installed at the air inlet end of the exhaust fan (5). The extension duct (51) passes through the outer shell (1) and is inserted into the inner shell (2). A humidity sensor (6) is embedded in the inner wall of the inner housing (2) to monitor humidity changes within the inner housing (2). PLC controller (7), which is connected to the humidity sensor (6), the air inlet fan (4) and the air outlet fan (5); A cover (9) is laid on top of the top cover (21).

2. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining edge portion (121) is welded to the outer wall of the outer shell (1). After being embedded in the outer shell (1), the retaining edge portion (121) is limited to the ground.

3. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical through-hole is provided on the top of the top cover (21). The assembly hole is located on the outside of the inner shell (2). The assembly hole connects to the ventilation cavity. A supplementary device (8) is inserted through the assembly hole.

4. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supplementary device (8) includes a pipe (81), the lower end of which is closed and the upper end is threadedly connected to a pipe cap (82). A metal mesh (83) is provided on the outer wall of the pipe (81). A lifting ring (84) is provided on the upper end of the pipe cap (82). A filler is provided inside the pipe (81). The pipe (81) passes through the assembly hole (221). The pipe cap (82) is located on the top of the top cover (21).

5. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filler is an absorbent sponge or a desiccant.

6. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle structure (3) includes a top plate (31), a bottom plate (32), side rails (33), and a tray (34). There are four side rails (33) arranged in a rectangular shape. The side rails (33) are fixed between the top plate (31) and the bottom plate (32). The width of the bottom plate (32) is smaller than the width of the assembly opening (22). The downward movement of the top plate (31) is limited by the support surface (23). Multiple trays (34) are arranged in parallel on the top and bottom. The trays (34) are fixed to the side rails (33). The surface of the trays (34) is evenly distributed with ventilation holes (341). A second lifting ring (331) is arranged in a rectangular shape on the top of the top plate (31).

7. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 6, characterized in that: Guide slopes (232) are machined on both sides of the assembly port (22), and first guide slopes (332) that cooperate with the guide slopes (232) are machined on both sides of the top plate (31).

8. The air-drying device for imitation ancient Beijing bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover cloth (9) is linen.

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