Power distribution apparatus and charging system

Abstract

The application discloses a power distribution device and a charging system, and relates to the technical field of charging. The power distribution device comprises a positive electrode module, a negative electrode module and N power distribution units, the positive electrode module comprises M positive electrode units, the negative electrode module comprises M negative electrode units, wherein N and M are positive integers; each power distribution unit comprises a first switch group, each two first switch groups are connected, and each two first switch groups are connected with a power module of a charging system; each positive electrode unit and each negative electrode unit comprise a second switch group; each power distribution unit is arranged side by side in sequence, the positive electrode module, the arranged power distribution units and the negative electrode module are arranged vertically in sequence, and each second switch group in the positive electrode module and each second switch group in the negative electrode module are connected with corresponding first switch groups. Therefore, the expansibility and flexibility of the power distribution device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a power distribution device and a charging system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the demand for high-power charging piles is increasing day by day. More and more charging piles are increasing in power with three charging modules, such as 240kW (6 40kW modules), 360kW (9 40kW modules), and even higher power such as 480kW, 600kW, 720kW, etc.

[0003] However, current common power distribution devices do not take into account the development trend of charging power in their hardware design, resulting in existing power distribution devices being unable to simultaneously achieve low cost, small size, high flexibility and strong scalability, making it difficult to meet the future development needs of high-power charging piles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a power distribution device and a charging system to improve the scalability and flexibility of the power distribution device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a power distribution device, including a positive electrode module, a negative electrode module, and N power distribution units. The positive electrode module includes M positive electrode units, and the negative electrode module includes M negative electrode units, where N and M are positive integers.

[0006] The power distribution unit includes a first switch group, each of the first switch groups is connected in pairs, and each pair of first switch groups is connected to a power module of a charging system.

[0007] Each of the positive electrode units and each of the negative electrode units includes a second switch group;

[0008] The power distribution units are arranged side by side in sequence, and the positive electrode module, the arranged power distribution units, and the negative electrode module are arranged vertically in sequence. Each second switch group in the positive electrode module and each second switch group in the negative electrode module are respectively connected to the corresponding first switch group.

[0009] Optionally, the first switch group includes a first positive switch and a first negative switch, and the power distribution unit further includes a first positive output bus and a first negative output bus; each of the first positive switches is connected to each other through a first positive connection bus, each of the first negative switches is connected to each other through a first negative connection bus, one end of each of the first positive output buses is connected to each of the first positive output buses, and each of the first negative output buses is connected to each of the first negative connection buses.

[0010] Optionally, the second switch group includes at least N-1 second switches, and each second switch is connected in pairs to form a closed loop through a second connecting bar; each second connecting bar extends along a first direction, and each second switch group is arranged sequentially along a second direction; wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; both the positive electrode unit and the negative electrode unit further include multiple second output bars, one end of each second output bar is connected to each second connecting bar, each second output bar extends along the second direction, and the second output bars and the second connecting bars are arranged perpendicularly along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.

[0011] Optionally, the power distribution unit further includes a third positive connection bar and a third negative connection bar, wherein the third positive connection bar and the corresponding third negative connection bar coincide at their projection positions in the third direction; one end of each third positive connection bar is connected to the corresponding first positive output bar, and the other end of each third positive connection bar is connected to the corresponding second output bar in the positive module; one end of each third negative connection bar is connected to the corresponding first negative output bar, and the other end of each third negative connection bar is connected to the corresponding second output bar in the negative module.

[0012] Optionally, the third positive connection bar has a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is used to connect to the positive terminal of the corresponding power module in the charging system, and the second through hole is used to connect to the positive terminal of the corresponding charging interface in the charging system. The third negative connection bar has a third through hole and a fourth through hole. The third through hole is used to connect to the negative terminal of the corresponding power module in the charging system, and the fourth through hole is used to connect to the negative terminal of the corresponding charging interface in the charging system. At least one of the third positive connection bars and the corresponding third negative connection bars of the power distribution unit are connected to the charging interface of the charging system through the second through hole and the fourth through hole.

[0013] Optionally, each of the second switch groups is arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction so that each of the second outputs is in the same position in the third direction.

[0014] Optionally, the power distribution unit further includes a housing, a first control unit, a fan, and a plurality of first insulating pillars; each of the first switch groups, the first control unit, and the fan are installed inside the housing, the first control unit is connected to each of the first switch groups, the fan is installed at a position facing each of the first switch groups, and one end of each of the first insulating pillars is connected to the corresponding first positive output row or first negative output row; the power distribution units are arranged side by side in sequence, and the fans of each power distribution unit are located on the same side.

[0015] Optionally, the positive electrode unit and the negative electrode unit further include a bottom shell and a plurality of second insulating pillars; each of the second switch groups is mounted on the bottom shell, and one end of each of the second insulating pillars is connected to the corresponding second output bar.

[0016] Optionally, the power distribution unit has 3 first switch groups, the positive electrode unit has 3 second switch groups, the negative electrode unit has 3 second switch groups, and the second switch groups have N second switches.

[0017] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a charging system, including the power distribution device, main controller, at least two power modules, and at least two charging interfaces as described above; the power modules are used to convert AC power from the power grid into DC power and provide it to each of the charging interfaces; the main controller is used to acquire the power demand of each of the charging interfaces and generate a scheduling command based on the connection relationship between the first switch group and the second switch group in the power distribution device and the power demand of each; the power distribution device is used to control the opening or closing of the first switch group and the second switch group according to the scheduling command, so as to distribute the output power of each of the power modules to each of the charging interfaces.

[0018] The power distribution device of this application modularizes the positive electrode unit, the negative electrode unit, and the power distribution unit, so that multiple first switch groups constitute a minimum power distribution unit, and each pair of first switch groups is connected to a power module. This allows one power distribution unit to connect to multiple power modules and control the output of multiple power modules. In this way, the structural configuration of charging piles with different power specifications can be realized by increasing the number of modular power distribution units, thereby improving the scalability and flexibility of the power distribution device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a scenario example of the power distribution device in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a power distribution unit according to another embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of multiple power distribution units as an example of this application;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positive module in an example 480kW power distribution device of this application;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the negative module in an example 480kW power distribution device of this application;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second switch group in an example positive electrode module of this application;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second output row in an example positive electrode module of this application;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a side view of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a rear view of an example power distribution device of this application;

[0033] In the diagram, 110 is the power module; 120 is the charging interface; 130 is the main controller; 140 is the power distribution device; 1 is the positive module; 2 is the negative module; 3 is the power distribution unit; 4 is the second controller; 5 is the plug-in terminal; 6 is the DIP switch; 7 is the first insulating post; 8 is the second connection bar; 9 is the second switch; 10 is the second switch group; 11 is the second output bar; 12 is the bottom shell; 13 is the first switch group; 14 is the first positive output bar; 15 is the first negative output bar; 16 is the housing; 17 is the first controller; 18 is the fan; 19 is the second insulating post; 20 is the third positive connection bar; 21 is the third negative connection bar; 22 is the first through hole; 23 is the second through hole; 24 is the third through hole; and 25 is the fourth through hole.

[0034] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] As the power levels of charging piles increase, more and more charging piles are increasing in power with three charging modules. For example, there are 240kW charging piles with six 40kW power modules, 360kW charging piles with nine 40kW power modules, and so on, with 480kW, 600kW, 720kW, 840kW, 960kW, etc.

[0037] However, current common power distribution devices generally fall into two design types: one integrates the input terminals, contactors, busbars, and output terminals into a single housing, controlling the on / off state of the contactors to distribute power across multiple charging terminals. While this approach facilitates overall installation and maintenance, its fixed structure limits its scalability, making it difficult to adapt to charging systems with different power ranges. Furthermore, this modular design is primarily aimed at integrated charging piles, resulting in higher overall costs. The other type employs a distributed layout, for example, managing multiple DC contactors through independent DC output modules and PDU control boards to achieve power distribution. However, this approach has lower integration, occupies more space, and has complex internal wiring, increasing the difficulty of installation and maintenance and failing to meet the compactness and flexibility requirements of high-power charging piles.

[0038] In summary, the existing technology has the following main defects: (1) The power distribution unit is not scalable enough and is difficult to adapt to charging systems of different power levels, which restricts the development and upgrading efficiency of charging piles; (2) The existing solution cannot simultaneously take into account low cost, small size, high flexibility and strong scalability, and is difficult to meet the development needs of high power charging piles in the future.

[0039] Based on this, the present application provides a power distribution device and a charging system. By modularizing the positive electrode unit, the negative electrode unit, and the power distribution unit, and by making multiple first switch groups constitute a minimum power distribution unit, one power distribution unit can control the output of multiple power modules, thereby enabling the rapid and efficient expansion of charging systems of various power levels such as 360kW, 480kW, and 600kW, and providing greater flexibility in power distribution.

[0040] For ease of understanding, this specification provides a scenario example of a power distribution device, which is applied in situations such as... Figure 1The example application environment is shown. Specifically, this scenario is a charging scenario for an electric vehicle charging station. In this scenario, the charging system of the charging station may include several power modules 110, several charging interfaces 120, a main controller 130, and a power distribution device 140. The power distribution device 140 is connected to each power module 110, each charging interface 120, and the main controller 130, respectively.

[0041] In this scenario example, power module 110 can be an AC / DC power conversion module, used to convert AC power input from the power grid into DC power. Power distribution device 140 is composed of multiple switching devices, such as contactors or relays. Power distribution device 140 can connect different power modules 110 in parallel to distribute the power output of each power module 110 to each charging interface 120 as needed, and then output it to the charging electric vehicle.

[0042] Specifically, the power distribution device 140 includes multiple power distribution units, each of which can be connected to multiple power modules 110 and at least one charging interface 120. The power distribution unit is a minimum unit composed of multiple sets of first switch groups. Preferably, the power distribution unit can be composed of three sets of first switch groups. The three sets of first switch groups can form a triangular connection structure or other connection structures with three connection points.

[0043] In addition, the power distribution device 140 also includes a positive module and a negative module. The positive module and the negative module also include several second switch groups. The second switch groups are composed of multiple controllable switches. Each second switch group is used to connect and combine each first switch group so that all power modules 110 can output DC power to any one of the charging interfaces 120.

[0044] In this scenario example, taking a power distribution unit consisting of three sets of first switch groups as an example, if the power of a power module 110 is 40kW, then a power distribution unit combined with three power modules 110 can output 120kW of power; when it is necessary to expand the 120kW charging interface 120 to a 600kW charging interface 120, it is only necessary to expand the power distribution unit to 5 and the power module 110 to 15, thereby realizing the rapid change of the power level of the charging system.

[0045] During application, the main controller 130 can receive the charging request sent by the charging interface 120, obtain the required power of the charging interface 120, and then determine the power module 110 to supply power to the charging interface 120 according to the required power of the charging interface 120 and the connection structure of each power distribution unit, positive module, and negative module, and generate a scheduling command. Further, the main controller 130 sends the scheduling command to the power distribution device 140, and the power distribution device 140 controls the corresponding controllable switch to close or open according to the scheduling command, so that the power allocated to the charging interface 120 is the required power.

[0046] Referring to the scenario examples of the power distribution device in the foregoing embodiments, the power distribution device of the present application embodiments will be described in detail below.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the power distribution device in this embodiment may include a positive electrode module 1, a negative electrode module 2, and N power distribution units 3. The positive electrode module 1 includes M positive electrode units, and the negative electrode module 2 includes M negative electrode units, where N and M are positive integers.

[0049] The power distribution unit 3 includes a first switch group 13, each of the first switch groups 13 being connected in pairs, and each pair of first switch groups 13 being connected to a power module of a charging system; each positive electrode unit and each negative electrode unit includes a second switch group 10; each power distribution unit 3 is arranged in parallel, and the positive electrode module 1, the arranged power distribution units 3 and the negative electrode module 2 are arranged vertically in sequence, and each second switch group 10 in the positive electrode module 1 and each second switch group 10 in the negative electrode module 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding first switch group 13.

[0050] First, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the positive module 1 refers to the positive PDU (Power Distribution Unit) in the charging pile, and the negative module 2 refers to the negative PDU in the charging pile. The basic functions of the PDU include power distribution, power management, protection, and remote monitoring. The positive PDU is responsible for the power distribution of the high-voltage positive electrode (DC+), and the negative PDU is responsible for the power distribution of the high-voltage negative electrode (DC-).

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of first switch groups 13 in the power distribution unit 3 can be arbitrary, but the number of first switch groups 13 in the power distribution unit 3 is preferably three. Therefore, the power distribution device will be described in detail below with the example of the power distribution unit 3 including three first switch groups 13.

[0052] Positive module 1 and negative module 2 can typically be composed of a controller and several controllable switches. In this embodiment, the controller and controllable switches are modularized into positive and negative units and set in positive module 1 and negative module 2. A positive unit or a negative unit can also include several controllable switches and a controller. The number of positive and negative units can be set or expanded according to the number of power distribution units 3. In this embodiment, the number of positive and negative units is M, where M can be a positive integer such as 1, 2, or 3. Preferably, M is 1, that is, all controllable switches and controllers are integrated together to form one positive unit and one negative unit, while positive module 1 contains only one positive unit and negative module 2 contains only one negative unit.

[0053] Taking a 360kW charging system as an example, if the 360kW charging system adopts the structure of the power distribution device provided in this embodiment, the positive module 1 includes one positive unit, the negative module 2 includes one negative unit, and there are four power distribution units 3. All power distribution units 3 can be combined and connected in the positive and negative units. When it is necessary to expand the 360kW charging system to a 720kW charging system, it is only necessary to expand both the positive and negative units to two, and the power distribution units 3 to eight. Thus, the power level of the charging system can be quickly and easily increased.

[0054] In this embodiment, the power distribution unit 3 is connected to the power module and charging interface of the charging system. The power distribution unit 3 is used to combine and connect the various power modules, and to distribute the output power of different power modules to different charging interfaces by closing and closing each first switch group 13 in the power distribution unit 3.

[0055] The power distribution unit 3 can be composed of three sets of first switch groups 13, a control unit, etc. It is understood that the power module, charging interface, etc., all have two connection terminals: a positive terminal and a negative terminal. Therefore, in this embodiment, each set of first switch groups 13 can include two controllable switches. One controllable switch is connected to the positive terminal of the power module and the positive terminal of the charging interface, respectively, and the other controllable switch is connected to the negative terminal of the power module and the negative terminal of the charging interface, thereby jointly controlling the power module to output power to the charging interface.

[0056] One power distribution unit 3 is connected to three power modules, meaning the three power modules are connected in parallel. The three sets of first switch groups 13 in the power distribution unit 3 are interconnected in pairs. Specifically, this means that the controllable switches connected to the positive terminals of the power modules in each set of first switch groups 13 are interconnected in pairs, and the controllable switches connected to the negative terminals of the power modules in each set of first switch groups 13 are also interconnected in pairs. Furthermore, each first switch group 13 is connected to one of the three power modules.

[0057] The number N of power distribution units 3 can be determined based on the power level of the charging system and the maximum output power of the power module. For example, if the power of a power module is 40kW, then a 240kW charging system can be configured with 2 power distribution units 3, a 480kW charging system can be configured with 4 power distribution units 3, and a 600kW charging system can be configured with 5 power distribution units 3.

[0058] In this embodiment, both the positive and negative electrode units may include three second switch groups 10, each of which consists of several controllable switches (i.e., the second switches 9 in subsequent embodiments). The second switch groups 10 are two-level switches, used to connect the first switch groups 13 in each power distribution unit 3. By setting each second switch group 10 and each first switch group 13, each power module can be connected to each charging interface, thereby enabling multiple power distribution strategies and improving the flexibility and diversity of power distribution in the charging system.

[0059] During assembly, the power distribution unit 3, positive electrode module 1, and negative electrode module 2 can be arranged first. For example, the power distribution units 3 can be arranged side by side in a row, or they can be arranged in two rows. Furthermore, the positive electrode module 1 can be placed on the upper side of each power distribution unit 3, and the negative electrode module 2 can be placed on the lower side of each power distribution unit 3, that is, the positive electrode module 1, the arranged power distribution units 3, and the negative electrode module 2 are assembled sequentially from top to bottom.

[0060] In this embodiment, several copper busbars can be used to connect each of the second switch groups 10 in the positive module 1 and the negative module 2 to the corresponding first switch groups 13. It should be noted that the second switch groups 10 can be connected to multiple first switch groups 13. If the positive module 1 includes only one positive unit and the negative module 2 includes only one negative unit, then each of the second switch groups 10 in the positive and negative units is connected to the first switch groups 13 of all power distribution units 3. Furthermore, copper busbars are long conductors made of copper with a rectangular or rounded rectangular cross-section, mainly used for high-current transmission in electrical engineering. The connection busbars and output busbars in subsequent embodiments are all copper busbars.

[0061] Thus, the modular positive electrode module 1, negative electrode module 2, and each power distribution unit 3 constitute a power distribution device. Each power distribution unit 3 is connected to three power modules, thereby controlling the power output of the three power modules. Compared with existing power distribution devices, it is not only simple to assemble, but also can efficiently expand charging systems of various power levels with the power distribution unit 3 as the smallest unit. Furthermore, since each first switch group 13 and each second switch group 10 are connected to each power module, the power distribution device provided in this embodiment can support a variety of power distribution strategies, effectively improving the flexibility of power distribution.

[0062] The structures of power distribution unit 3, positive electrode unit, and negative electrode unit are described in detail below.

[0063] Figure 3 This is a top view of the power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the first switch group 13 includes a first positive switch and a first negative switch, and the power distribution unit 3 further includes a first positive output row 14 and a first negative output row 15.

[0064] Each of the first positive switches is connected to each other through a first positive connection bar, each of the first negative switches is connected to each other through a first negative connection bar, one end of each of the first positive output bars 14 is connected to each of the first positive output bars 14, and each of the first negative output bars 15 is connected to each of the first negative connection bars.

[0065] It should be noted that the number of the first positive output row 14 and the first negative output row 15 can be determined according to the number of the first switch group 13 in the power distribution unit 3. The number of the first positive output row 14 and the first negative output row 15 is preferably three. The following description will still take the power distribution unit 3 including three first switch groups 13, three first positive output rows 14 and three first negative output rows 15 as an example.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first positive switch and the first negative switch can be mechanical electronic switches, such as relays, contactors, etc.; the first positive switch and the first negative switch can also be power electronic switches, such as MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors), IGBTs (Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors), etc.; the first positive switch and the second negative switch are preferably relays.

[0067] The connection method of each first switch group 13 is as follows: each of the first positive switches in the three first switch groups 13 can be connected in pairs through the first positive connection bus, and the three first positive switches form a triangular ring after being connected through the three first positive connection buses. The first positive output bus 14 and the first negative output bus 15 are also called busbars. The first positive output bus 14 is used to provide a shared transmission channel to realize efficient connection between multiple components. The power distribution unit 3 of this embodiment may include three first positive output buses 14 and three first negative output buses 15, wherein one end of each of the three first positive output buses 14 is connected to the three first positive connection buses, so that one first positive output bus 14 can be connected to two first positive switches.

[0068] Similarly, the three first negative switches can be connected in pairs via the first negative connection bar, forming a triangular ring after being connected by the three first negative connection bars. The first negative output bar 15 has the same function as the first positive output bar 14. One end of each of the three first negative output bars 15 is connected to the three first negative connection bars, so that one first negative output bar 15 can be connected to two first negative switches.

[0069] It should be noted that the first positive connection bus, the first negative connection bus, the first positive output bus 14, and the first negative output bus 15 mentioned above are all copper busbars that are already available on the market.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is the equivalent circuit diagram of power distribution unit 3, from Figure 4 As can be seen, a power distribution unit 3 includes six controllable switches, of which K1, K3, and K5 are the first positive switches, and K2, K4, and K6 are the first negative switches. Furthermore, Figure 4 One power distribution unit includes six nodes: node 1, node 2, node 3, node 4, node 5, and node 6. These six nodes are located on each of the first positive connection bus and the first negative connection bus, respectively. These nodes can also serve as connection points between the first positive connection bus, the first negative connection bus, and the first positive output bus 14 and the first negative output bus 15. Finally, the power module and the charging interface can be connected to each of the first switch groups 13 through the first positive output bus 14 and the first negative output bus 15, respectively.

[0071] It should be noted that, Figure 4The power distribution unit 3 is a three-in-three-out configuration, meaning one power distribution unit 3 connects to three power modules and three charging ports. Alternatively, the power distribution unit 3 can also be a three-in-two-out or three-in-one-out configuration, meaning one power distribution unit 3 connects to three power modules and two charging ports or one charging port. In short, the number and location of charging ports connected to one power distribution unit 3 are not fixed and can be configured by staff according to actual needs.

[0072] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a power distribution unit according to another embodiment of this application. Figure 5 The equivalent circuit diagram of the three-input, two-output power distribution unit 3 is shown. Figure 5 As can be seen, a three-input two-output power distribution unit 3 is connected to only two charging ports. Corresponding to the hardware structure, the three-input two-output power distribution unit 3 still includes three first positive output rows 14 and three first negative output rows 15. The difference from the three-input three-output power distribution unit 3 is that in the three-input two-output power distribution unit 3, only any two first positive output rows 14 and the corresponding first negative output rows 15 are connected to the charging ports.

[0073] It is understandable that regardless of how many charging ports a power distribution unit 3 is connected to, as long as all three sets of first switch groups 13 are closed, all three power modules can output power.

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the power distribution unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0075] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the power distribution unit 3 further includes a housing 16, a first control unit 17, a fan 18, and a plurality of first insulating posts 7. Each first switch group 13, the first control unit 17, and the fan 18 are all installed inside the housing 16. The first control unit 17 is connected to each first switch group 13, the fan 18 is installed facing each first switch group 13, and one end of each first insulating post 7 is connected to the corresponding first positive output row 14 or first negative output row 15.

[0076] In this embodiment, the housing 16 of the power distribution unit 3 includes a base, a top cover, and end caps. The base and top cover are positioned opposite each other, and their cross-sections perpendicular to their length are U-shaped. Thus, the opposing base and top cover, when joined together, form a receiving cavity in which all components of the power distribution unit 3 are disposed. Furthermore, the receiving cavity is open at both ends along the length of the base, and the end cap can be positioned at one end of the base to seal the end of the receiving cavity.

[0077] Furthermore, the first control unit 17 can be disposed within the receiving cavity, and the first control unit 17 is connected to each of the first switch groups 13. The first control unit 17 can be an I / O control board, and the first control unit 17 can be connected to the main controller of the charging system. The first control unit 17 is used to receive control commands from the main controller, and then control the opening and closing of each of the first positive switches and each of the first negative switches based on the control commands. The main controller can determine the power distribution structure based on its built-in power distribution algorithm, the power requirement of the charging interface, and the parameter information of each power module, and then issue control commands to the first control unit 17 based on the power distribution result.

[0078] The fan 18 in the power distribution unit 3 is a fan used for heat dissipation and cooling. In this embodiment, a through hole of the same size as the fan 18 can be opened on the end cover of the housing 16, and the fan 18 can be embedded in the through hole of the end cover, so as to facilitate the removal of heat generated by the power distribution unit 3.

[0079] Continue to refer to Figure 7 Each first negative output bar 15 is provided with a first insulating post 7 between itself and the base of the housing 16, and each first positive output bar 14 is also provided with a first insulating post 7 between itself and the corresponding first negative output bar 15. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first positive output bar 14 and the corresponding first negative output bar 15 refer to the first positive output bar 14 and the first negative output bar 15 connected to the same first switch group 13.

[0080] In this embodiment, by setting the first insulating post 7, not only can electrical isolation be achieved, ensuring that the two conductive copper busbars do not come into direct contact and avoiding short circuits, but it can also play a certain role in physical support, maintaining an appropriate distance between the copper busbars, which helps to maintain the overall structural stability of the power distribution unit 3.

[0081] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of multiple power distribution units as an example of this application. Taking a power distribution device comprising four power distribution units 3 as an example, as follows... Figure 8As shown, the structures of each power distribution unit 3 are the same. In actual application, after the number of power distribution units 3 is determined, all power distribution units 3 can be arranged side by side in sequence, and the fans 18 of all power distribution units 3 are on the same side, while the first positive output row 14 and the first negative output row 15 are on the other side. This makes it easy to install multiple power distribution units 3 together with the modular positive module 1 and negative module 2.

[0082] In some embodiments, the second switch group 10 includes at least N-1 second switches 9, and each second switch 9 is connected in pairs through a second connecting bar 8 to form a closed loop; each second connecting bar 8 extends along a first direction, and each second switch group 10 is arranged sequentially along a second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular; both the positive electrode unit and the negative electrode unit also include a plurality of second output bars 11, one end of each second output bar 11 is connected to each second connecting bar 8, each second output bar 11 extends along the second direction, and the second output bars 11 and the second connecting bars 8 are arranged perpendicularly along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.

[0083] It should be noted that the second switch 9 can be a mechanical electronic switch, such as a relay or contactor; the second switch 9 can also be a power electronic switch, such as a MOSFET or IGBT; the second switch 9 is preferably a contactor. Furthermore, each of the second connection blocks 8 and each of the second output blocks 11 can be commercially available copper busbars.

[0084] In this embodiment, each of the second switches 9 in the second switch group 10 can be connected in pairs through the second connecting row 8 to form a ring matrix. The second connecting row 8 extends along the first direction, that is, the length direction of the second connecting row 8 is parallel to the first direction; while the second switch group 10 is arranged sequentially along the second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0085] Furthermore, each second connection bar 8 is connected to a second output bar 11, and each second switch group 10 can be connected to each first switch group 13 through the second output bar 11, the first positive output bar 14, and the first negative output bar 15. In addition, each second output bar 11 extends along a second direction, that is, the length direction of the second output bar 11 is parallel to the second direction, and the second output bar 11 and the second connection bar 8 are arranged perpendicularly in a third direction. The second connection bar 8 and the second output bar 11 have a height difference in the height direction (i.e., the third direction) (e.g., ...). Figure 9 As shown in the figure, since the second connecting row 8 and the second output row 11 are at different heights, the second connecting row 8 and the second output row 11 can be staggered in the height direction, thereby effectively saving installation space.

[0086] The following section uses the power distribution device of a 480kW charging system as an example to further introduce the positive and negative electrode units.

[0087] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positive module in an example 480kW power distribution device of this application. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the negative module in an example 480kW power distribution device of this application. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second switch group in an example positive electrode module of this application. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second output row in an example positive electrode module of this application. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second output row in an example negative electrode module of this application.

[0088] It should be noted that in this example, the positive electrode module 1 contains only one positive electrode unit, the negative electrode module 2 also contains only one negative electrode unit, and the power distribution unit 3 is a three-input three-output power distribution unit 3.

[0089] like Figure 11 As shown, a positive electrode unit includes three sets of second switch groups 10, each of which is ring-shaped. Since a 480kW power distribution device requires four power distribution units 3, N=4; and in this example, a second switch group 10 includes N second switches 9, therefore, a second switch group 10 includes four second switches 9, and the four second switches 9 are connected in pairs through four second connection bars 8.

[0090] Furthermore, such as Figure 12 As shown, in a second switch group 10, a second output row 11 is connected to the second connection row 8 between every two second switches 9. Therefore, a second switch group 10 corresponds to 4 second output rows 11, and the positive unit includes a total of 12 (i.e. 3*4) second output rows 11.

[0091] The negative electrode unit has the same structure as the positive electrode unit. The negative electrode unit also includes 12 second switches 9, 12 second connection rows 8, and 12 second output rows 11.

[0092] If a second switch group 10 includes N-1 second switches 9, then a second switch group 10 includes 3 second switches 9, and the 3 second switches 9 are connected through 2 second connection blocks 8. However, a positive or negative unit still includes 12 second output blocks 11.

[0093] In some embodiments, the positive and negative units also include a bottom shell 12, a second control unit 4, and a plurality of second insulating pillars 19; each second switch group 10 and the second control unit 4 are mounted on the bottom shell 12, the second control unit 4 is connected to each second switch group 10, and one end of each second insulating pillar 19 is connected to the corresponding second output row 11.

[0094] The following section will continue to use a 480kW power distribution device as an example to introduce other structures of the positive and negative electrode units.

[0095] like Figure 9 As shown, the positive electrode unit may include a bottom shell 12, a second control unit 4, and multiple second insulating posts 19. In this embodiment, the bottom shell 12 may be wedge-shaped, and all components of the positive electrode unit are disposed on the bottom shell 12. The second control unit 4 may be disposed on the side wall of the bottom shell 12, and the second control unit 4 is connected to each of the second switches 9. The second control unit 4 may also be an I / O control board, which may be connected to the main controller of the charging system. The second control unit 4 is used to receive control commands from the main controller, and then control the opening and closing of each of the second switches 9 based on the control commands. Furthermore, at least one second insulating post 19 is disposed between each of the second output bars 11 and the bottom shell 12. The function of the second insulating post 19 is the same as that of the first insulating post 7, and will not be described again here.

[0096] like Figure 10 As shown, the negative electrode unit may also include a bottom shell 12, a second control unit 4, and multiple second insulating pillars 19. The structure of the negative electrode unit is the same as that of the positive electrode unit, and will not be described in detail here.

[0097] In some implementations, the second switch groups 10 are arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction so that the second output rows 11 are in the same position in the third direction.

[0098] Specifically, such as Figure 12 As shown, the second switch groups 10 can be arranged in a staggered manner. This staggered arrangement ensures that all second output bars 11 are arranged without overlapping, and all second output bars 11 are on the same horizontal plane, thereby further saving installation space. The second output bars 11 can also be arranged on different horizontal planes; the specific arrangement can be determined by the staff according to actual needs.

[0099] The above describes the specific structure of the power distribution unit 3, the positive electrode module 1, and the negative electrode module 2. The following describes the assembly of the power distribution unit 3, the positive electrode module 1, and the negative electrode module 2, as well as the connection methods with each power module and each charging interface.

[0100] Figure 13 This is a side view of a power distribution device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0101] like Figure 13 As shown, in some embodiments, the power distribution unit 3 further includes a third positive connection bar 20 and a third negative connection bar 21, with the third positive connection bar 20 and the corresponding third negative connection bar 21 overlapping in a third direction projection position. One end of each third positive connection bar 20 is connected to the corresponding first positive output bar 14, and the other end of each third positive connection bar 20 is connected to the corresponding second output bar 11 in the positive module 1; one end of each third negative connection bar 21 is connected to the corresponding first negative output bar 15, and the other end of each third negative connection bar 21 is connected to the corresponding second output bar 11 in the negative module 2.

[0102] It should be noted that each of the third positive connecting bars 20 and each of the third negative connecting bars 21 can be a commercially available copper busbar. The number of third positive connecting bars can be 3N, and the number of third negative connecting bars can also be 3N.

[0103] In this example, the third positive connecting row 20 and the corresponding third negative connecting row 21 can overlap in their projected positions in the third direction. That is, the third positive connecting row 20 and the corresponding third negative connecting row 21 are aligned sequentially in the third direction. This arrangement can also effectively save installation space. In addition, each third positive connecting row can be arranged on the same horizontal plane, and each third negative connecting row can also be arranged on the same horizontal plane.

[0104] In this embodiment, after all the power distribution units 3 are placed side by side, the positive electrode module 1 can be placed above each power distribution unit 3, and the negative electrode module 2 can be placed below each power distribution unit 3, with the first positive output row 14, the first negative output row 15 and the second output row 11 on the same side.

[0105] Furthermore, each of the first positive output rows 14 can be connected to the corresponding second output rows 11 in the positive module 1 using 3N third positive connection rows 20, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the first positive output rows 14 and each of the second output rows 11 in the positive module 1. Similarly, each of the first negative output rows 15 can be connected to the corresponding second output rows 11 in the negative module 2 using 3N third negative connection rows 21, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the first negative output rows 15 and each of the second output rows 11 in the negative module 2.

[0106] Continue to refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, the third positive connection bar 20 is provided with a first through hole 22 and a second through hole 23. The first through hole 22 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the corresponding power module in the charging system, and the second through hole 23 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the corresponding charging interface in the charging system. The third negative connection bar 21 is provided with a third through hole 24 and a fourth through hole 25. The third through hole 24 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the corresponding power module in the charging system, and the fourth through hole 25 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the corresponding charging interface in the charging system.

[0107] In this embodiment, one power distribution unit 3 connects to three third positive connection bars 20 and three negative connection bars. Therefore, one power distribution unit 3 can connect to a maximum of three power modules and three charging interfaces. The third positive connection bars have a first through hole 22 and a second through hole 23, where the first through hole 22 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power module, and the second through hole 23 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the charging interface. Similarly, the third negative connection bars have a third through hole 24 and a fourth through hole 25, where the third through hole 24 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the power module, and the fourth through hole 25 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the charging interface.

[0108] It should be noted that each of the third positive connection bars 20 and each of the third negative connection bars 21 has a one-to-one correspondence, and the first switch group 13 connected to the corresponding third positive connection bar 20 and third negative connection bar 21 is the same. Similarly, the power module and charging interface also have a one-to-one correspondence with the third positive connection bar 20 and third negative connection bar 21, and the power module and charging interface connected to the corresponding third positive connection bar 20 and third negative connection bar 21 are all the same. In this embodiment, the specific power module and charging interface connected to which third positive connection bar 20 and third negative connection bar 21 can be set by the operator according to actual needs.

[0109] Ultimately, a single power distribution device can be configured to support 3N charging terminals (e.g., charging guns).

[0110] In some embodiments, at least one third positive connection bar 20 and the corresponding third negative connection bar 21 of the power distribution unit 3 are connected to the charging interface of the charging system through the second through hole 23 and the fourth through hole 25.

[0111] Specifically, if the power distribution unit 3 is a three-input, three-output power distribution unit 3, then each power distribution unit 3 is connected to three charging interfaces. Therefore, all the third positive connection rows 20 and the corresponding third negative connection rows 21 are connected to each charging interface through the second through hole 23 and the fourth through hole 25.

[0112] If the power distribution unit 3 is a three-input, two-output power distribution unit 3, then each power distribution unit 3 is connected to two charging ports. In this case, the operator can select any two third positive connection bars 20 and third negative connection bars 21 of the power distribution unit 3 to connect to the charging ports. That is, any two third positive connection bars 20 and the corresponding third negative connection bars 21 of a power distribution unit 3 are connected to each charging port through the second through hole 23 and the fourth through hole 25.

[0113] If the power distribution unit 3 is a three-input, one-output power distribution unit 3, then each power distribution unit 3 is connected to a charging interface. In this case, the operator can select any one of the third positive connection bar 20 and the third negative connection bar 21 of the power distribution unit 3 to connect to the charging interface. That is, any one of the third positive connection bars 20 and the corresponding third negative connection bar 21 of a power distribution unit 3 is connected to each charging interface through the second through hole 23 and the fourth through hole 25.

[0114] Figure 14 This is a rear view of an example power distribution device of this application. Figure 14 As shown, in some embodiments, the positive electrode unit, the negative electrode unit, and each power distribution unit 3 each include a plug-in terminal 5 and a DIP switch 6. The plug-in terminal 5 is used to connect to the main controller of the charging system to realize power supply and communication functions; the DIP switch 6 is used to distinguish each unit (i.e., the positive electrode unit, the negative electrode unit, and each power distribution unit 3).

[0115] In practical applications, the power allocation strategy is typically as follows: first, power modules directly connected to each charging interface with charging needs are allocated. If this is insufficient to meet the needs of the charging interfaces or if the charging demand increases, power modules are added sequentially according to the topology of each power allocation unit 3 to meet the power requirements of the charging interfaces. Therefore, the power allocation device also controls each first switch group 13 and each second switch group 10 according to this strategy.

[0116] As an example, see reference Figure 5 If each power module can output 40kW of power, and the charging interface DC1 requires 150kW of power, then power module M1, which is directly connected to the charging interface DC1, can be allocated first. Then, according to the topology of the power distribution device, power modules M2, M3, and M4 can be allocated to the charging interface DC1. Therefore, the first control unit 17 of the power distribution unit 3 can control the first switch group K1 and the first switch group K2 to close, and the second control unit 4 of the positive and negative units can control the second switch K7 in the second switch group 10 to close. Thus, power modules M1, M2, M3, and M4 can provide power to the charging interface DC1.

[0117] Therefore, the power distribution device in this embodiment only needs to add a modular power distribution unit 3, a positive electrode unit, and a negative electrode unit to realize the power expansion of the charging system, which has strong scalability and is more in line with the current development trend of charging piles. In addition, by configuring multiple first switch groups 13 and second switch groups 10, the power distribution flexibility of the power distribution device in this embodiment is effectively improved, and it can also save charging pile space, reduce costs, and facilitate maintenance.

[0118] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a charging system. The charging system may include the power distribution device, main controller, at least two power modules, and at least two charging interfaces as described above.

[0119] The power module is used to convert AC power from the power grid into DC power and supply it to each charging interface; the main controller is used to obtain the power demand of each charging interface and generate scheduling instructions based on the connection relationship of the first switch group and the second switch group in the power distribution device and the power demand; the power distribution device is used to control the opening or closing of the first switch group and the second switch group according to the scheduling instructions, so as to distribute the output power of each power module to each charging interface.

[0120] In one optional implementation, the charging system provided in this application is an integrated DC charging pile, with a charging interface for connecting a charging gun, and the charging gun being hung on the host of the charging system via a gun mount on the main body of the charging system.

[0121] In one optional implementation, the charging system provided in this application is a split-type DC charging pile. The charging system also includes multiple charging terminals. The charging interface is used to connect the charging terminals. The charging terminals are set separately from the main body of the charging system. The charging terminals are equipped with a single charging gun or dual charging guns for outputting power to electric vehicles.

[0122] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0123] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0124] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution device, characterized in that, It includes a positive electrode module, a negative electrode module, and N power distribution units. The positive electrode module includes M positive electrode units, and the negative electrode module includes M negative electrode units, where N and M are positive integers. The power distribution unit includes a first switch group, each of the first switch groups is connected in pairs, and each pair of the first switch groups is connected to a power module of a charging system. Each of the positive electrode units and each of the negative electrode units includes a second switch group; The power distribution units are arranged side by side in sequence, and the positive electrode module, the arranged power distribution units, and the negative electrode module are arranged vertically in sequence. Each second switch group in the positive electrode module and each second switch group in the negative electrode module are respectively connected to the corresponding first switch group.

2. The power distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switch group includes a first positive switch and a first negative switch, and the power distribution unit further includes a first positive output bus and a first negative output bus; Each of the first positive switches is connected in pairs through a first positive connection bar, each of the first negative switches is connected in pairs through a first negative connection bar, one end of each of the first positive output bars is connected to each of the first positive output bars, and each of the first negative output bars is connected to each of the first negative connection bars.

3. The power distribution device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second switch group includes at least N-1 second switches, and each second switch is connected in pairs through a second connecting bar to form a closed loop; Each of the second connecting blocks extends along a first direction, and each of the second switch groups is arranged sequentially along a second direction; wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. Both the positive electrode unit and the negative electrode unit further include a plurality of second output rows. One end of each second output row is connected to each second connection row. Each second output row extends along the second direction. The second output rows and the second connection rows are arranged perpendicularly along a third direction. The third direction is perpendicular to the plane formed by the first direction and the second direction.

4. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power distribution unit further includes a third positive connection bar and a third negative connection bar, wherein the third positive connection bar and the corresponding third negative connection bar coincide at the projection position in the third direction; One end of each of the third positive connection blocks is connected to the corresponding first positive output block, and the other end of each of the third positive connection blocks is connected to the corresponding second output block in the positive electrode module. One end of each of the third negative connection bars is connected to the corresponding first negative output bar, and the other end of each of the third negative connection bars is connected to the corresponding second output bar in the negative electrode module.

5. The power distribution device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third positive connection bar is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is used to connect to the positive terminal of the corresponding power module in the charging system, and the second through hole is used to connect to the positive terminal of the corresponding charging interface in the charging system. The third negative connection bar is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole. The third through hole is used to connect to the negative terminal of the corresponding power module in the charging system, and the fourth through hole is used to connect to the negative terminal of the corresponding charging interface in the charging system. At least one of the third positive connection bars and the corresponding third negative connection bars of the power distribution unit are connected to the charging interface of the charging system through the second through hole and the fourth through hole.

6. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the second switch groups is staggered in the first direction so that each of the second outputs is in the same position in the third direction.

7. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The power distribution unit also includes a housing, a first control unit, a fan, and multiple first insulating columns; Each of the first switch groups, the first control unit, and the fan are all installed inside the housing. The first control unit is connected to each of the first switch groups. The fan is installed at a position facing each of the first switch groups. One end of each of the first insulating columns is respectively connected to the corresponding first positive output bar or first negative output bar. The power distribution units are arranged side by side in sequence, and the fans of each power distribution unit are located on the same side.

8. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The positive electrode unit and the negative electrode unit also include a bottom shell and a plurality of second insulating pillars; Each of the second switch groups is mounted on the bottom shell, and one end of each of the second insulating posts is connected to the corresponding second output bar.

9. The power distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power distribution unit has 3 first switch groups, the positive electrode unit has 3 second switch groups, the negative electrode unit has 3 second switch groups, and the second switch groups have N second switches.

10. A charging system, characterized in that, Includes a power distribution device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, a main controller, at least two power modules, and at least two charging ports; The power module is used to convert AC power from the power grid into DC power and supply it to each of the charging interfaces; The main controller is used to obtain the required power of each of the charging interfaces, and generate scheduling instructions according to the connection relationship of the first switch group and the second switch group in the power distribution device and the required power of each interface. The power distribution device is used to control the opening or closing of the first switch group and the second switch group according to the scheduling instruction, so as to distribute the output power of each power module to each charging interface.

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