Lithium battery heating structure and electric vehicle
By combining a non-contact infrared heating plate with a temperature control switch, the problems of electrochemical performance degradation and lithium plating risk of lithium batteries in low-temperature environments are solved, achieving efficient heating and safety protection, and extending battery life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FOSHAN BAYKEE NEW ENERGY TECH INC
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
Smart Images
Figure CN224328761U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery technology, and in particular to a lithium battery heating structure and an electric vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] When lithium batteries operate in low-temperature environments, they face the following core problems: Electrochemical performance degradation: The lithium-ion migration rate decreases and the internal resistance increases, resulting in a reduction of usable capacity by more than 30%; Lithium plating risk: Low-temperature charging can easily induce lithium dendrite growth, causing short circuits.
[0003] Traditional lithium battery heating generally uses contact heating and liquid circulation heating. Contact heating involves the heating element being directly attached to the cell, resulting in a local temperature gradient greater than 10℃ / cm, which can cause the separator to fail due to thermal shrinkage. Liquid circulation heating requires a complex piping system, increasing maintenance costs and posing a risk of leakage. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide at least one beneficial option or create conditions to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] The solution to the technical problem of this utility model is: a lithium battery heating structure, which includes a battery box, an infrared heating plate and a temperature control switch. The battery box has an installation space inside, which is used to install the battery pack. The infrared heating plate is set in the installation space, and the output end of the infrared heating plate is arranged opposite to the installation space. The temperature control switch is set in the installation space and is connected in series with the infrared heating plate.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The battery box provides a sealed environment for the battery pack, reducing heat loss and improving heating efficiency; the infrared heating plate uses a non-contact heating method, uniformly heating the battery pack and surrounding air through radiant heat, avoiding problems such as diaphragm thermal shrinkage failure caused by localized overheating; the temperature control switch is connected in series with the infrared heating plate to monitor the temperature inside the battery box and control the start and stop of the infrared heating plate according to the preset temperature range, thereby achieving precise temperature control and preventing overheating. By adopting non-contact infrared radiation heating, a sealed battery box, and a temperature control protection mechanism, the problems of electrochemical performance degradation and increased lithium plating risk faced by lithium batteries when operating in low-temperature environments are effectively solved. This not only improves heating efficiency but also protects the safety of the battery pack, providing an effective solution for the stable operation of lithium batteries in low-temperature environments.
[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the temperature control switch is a normally closed type with an operating temperature of 20°C.
[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the battery box includes a shell and a door panel. The shell has a first opening that communicates with the installation space. The shell is hinged to the door panel, so that the door panel can open or close the first opening.
[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the inner wall of the outer shell is provided with positioning bolts, the infrared heating plate is provided with multiple positioning blocks, the positioning blocks are provided with through holes for the positioning bolts to pass through, and the positioning bolts are fixed to the positioning blocks by nuts.
[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, when installing the infrared heating plate, once the through hole of the positioning block is aligned with the positioning bolt on the inner wall of the outer shell, the positioning block will be automatically attracted to the positioning bolt due to the opposite polarity adsorption of the first and second magnets. There is no need to support it by hand anymore, and the installer can attach the nut to the screw with one hand, which greatly simplifies the installation process and improves work efficiency.
[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the inner wall of the outer shell is coated with an infrared high absorption rate coating.
[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the lithium battery heating structure further includes a polyurethane insulation layer, which is disposed on the inner wall of the outer shell.
[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the lithium battery heating structure also includes a DC battery pack, a battery management system, and a temperature sensor, all of which are disposed in the installation space. The DC battery pack, the BMS, and the infrared heating plate are connected in series, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the BMS.
[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the lithium battery heating structure also includes an AC power control module and an AC power supply. The AC power control module is disposed in the installation space, the AC power supply is connected in series with the infrared heating plate, and the AC power control module is electrically connected to the AC power supply.
[0015] An electric vehicle includes a lithium battery heating structure as described in any of the preceding claims.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When the electric vehicle operates in a low-temperature environment, the lithium battery heating structure, through components such as an infrared heating plate, can provide the necessary heat to the battery at low temperatures, thereby improving the internal activity of the battery and increasing its usable energy and power output. By maintaining the battery within a suitable operating temperature range, the aging rate of the battery can be effectively slowed down, extending its service life. Electric vehicles incorporating the above-mentioned lithium battery heating structure are better suited to the needs of low-temperature environments. Whether in cold winters or in low-temperature regions such as high altitudes and high latitudes, the electric vehicle can maintain good operating performance and stability. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0019] In the attached diagram: 100-battery box, 110-outer shell, 111-positioning bolt, 120-door panel, 200-infrared heating plate, 210-positioning block, 300-temperature control switch, 400-first magnet, 500-second magnet. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments have been briefly explained above. Obviously, the described drawings are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Those skilled in the art can obtain other design schemes and drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, all connections / linkages mentioned herein do not simply refer to direct contact between components, but rather to the ability to form a better connection structure by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to specific implementation conditions. The various technical features in this utility model can be combined interactively without contradicting each other.
[0022] When lithium batteries operate in low-temperature environments, they face the following core problems: Electrochemical performance degradation: The lithium-ion migration rate decreases and the internal resistance increases, resulting in a reduction of more than % in usable capacity; Lithium plating risk: Low-temperature charging can easily induce lithium dendrite growth, causing short circuits.
[0023] Traditional lithium battery heating generally uses contact heating and liquid circulation heating. Contact heating involves the heating element being directly attached to the cell, resulting in a local temperature gradient greater than 10℃ / cm, which can cause the separator to fail due to thermal shrinkage. Liquid circulation heating requires a complex piping system, increasing maintenance costs and posing a risk of leakage.
[0024] Therefore, this utility model proposes a lithium battery heating structure, referring to... Figures 1-2 It includes a battery box 100, an infrared heating plate 200, and a temperature control switch 300. The battery box 100 has an installation space inside for installing the battery pack. The infrared heating plate 200 is disposed in the installation space, and the output end of the infrared heating plate 200 is disposed opposite to the installation space. The temperature control switch 300 is disposed in the installation space and is connected in series with the infrared heating plate 200.
[0025] Lithium batteries are highly sensitive to temperature. Excessively high temperatures can accelerate internal chemical reactions, generating excessive heat and potentially leading to thermal runaway. Therefore, in one embodiment, the temperature control switch 300 is a normally closed type with an operating temperature of 20°C. The normally closed temperature control switch 300 remains closed until the operating temperature is reached; once the temperature reaches or exceeds the set value, the switch automatically opens. By setting the operating temperature of the temperature control switch 300 to 20°C, when the ambient temperature inside the battery box 100 reaches 20°C, the temperature control switch 300 will automatically open, stopping the heating of the infrared heating plate 200. This physically ensures that the lithium battery will not experience safety issues due to overheating, such as thermal runaway or short circuits.
[0026] In harsh environments such as humid and dusty conditions, batteries are easily affected by environmental factors, which may lead to a decline in battery pack performance or even malfunction, affecting the stability and reliability of the entire system. Therefore, in one embodiment, the battery box 100 includes a shell 110 and a door panel 120. The shell 110 has a first opening communicating with the installation space. The shell 110 is hinged to the door panel 120, allowing the door panel 120 to open or close the first opening. The shell 110 provides a closed installation space for the battery pack and also has waterproof and dustproof functions. In humid and dusty environments, the battery pack can still be effectively protected, ensuring its normal operation and extending its service life. The door panel 120 is fixedly connected to the shell 110 by a hinge, facilitating maintenance, replacement, or inspection of the battery pack, improving the practicality and flexibility of the battery box 100.
[0027] The infrared heating plate 200 may need to be replaced, repaired, or upgraded to ensure normal operation and extend the service life of the equipment. Therefore, in one embodiment, a positioning bolt 111 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 110, and multiple positioning blocks 210 are provided on the infrared heating plate 200. Each positioning block 210 has a through hole for the positioning bolt 111 to pass through, and the positioning bolt 111 is fixed to the positioning block 210 by a nut. The positioning bolt 111 serves as a fulcrum for fixing the infrared heating plate 200; the through hole on the positioning block 210 ensures that when the infrared heating plate 200 is placed in the installation space, the positioning block 210 can be accurately aligned with the positioning bolt 111 on the inner wall of the housing 110; the infrared heating plate 200 is installed in the installation space via a detachable connection between the positioning bolt 111 and the positioning block 210, which makes the replacement, repair, or upgrade of the infrared heating plate 200 simpler and more convenient, eliminating the need to disassemble the entire battery box 100; the infrared heating plate 200 can be easily removed simply by loosening the nuts.
[0028] During installation, the positioning block 210 is prone to slipping or moving, increasing safety risks and potentially causing injury to installers or damage to other components within the battery box 100. Therefore, in one embodiment, the lithium battery heating structure further includes multiple first magnet pieces 400 and multiple second magnet pieces 500. The first magnet pieces 400 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 110, and the second magnet pieces 500 are fixedly connected to one side of the positioning block 210. The sides of the first magnet pieces 400 and the second magnet pieces 500 that are close to each other are opposite polarities. When installing the infrared heating plate 200, once the through hole of the positioning block 210 is aligned with the positioning bolt 111 on the inner wall of the outer casing 110, the positioning block 210 will automatically adhere to the positioning bolt 111 due to the opposite polarity adsorption of the first magnet pieces 400 and the second magnet pieces 500. This eliminates the need for manual support, allowing installers to attach nuts to the bolts with one hand, greatly simplifying the installation process and improving work efficiency.
[0029] Significant temperature differences exist between different areas inside the battery box 100, creating a temperature gradient that increases the risk of damage to the battery pack due to localized overheating. Therefore, in one embodiment, the inner wall of the outer casing 110 is coated with a high-absorption-rate infrared coating. This coating enhances the absorption capacity of the inner wall of the outer casing 110 for infrared radiation. When the infrared heating plate 200 emits infrared radiation, the coating can more effectively absorb the radiant energy and convert it into heat energy, improving heating efficiency and enhancing the heating effect of the battery pack. Furthermore, the high-absorption-rate infrared coating can uniformly absorb infrared radiation, ensuring a more uniform temperature across the battery box 100, reducing the temperature gradient during heating, and thus lowering the safety risks caused by localized overheating.
[0030] Heat is easily transferred from the inside of the battery box 100 to the external environment, especially in extreme low-temperature environments where heat loss is more significant. Therefore, in one embodiment, the lithium battery heating structure further includes a polyurethane insulation layer disposed on the inner wall of the outer casing 110. The polyurethane insulation layer has excellent thermal insulation performance, effectively reducing heat transfer from the inside of the battery box 100 to the outside; in extreme low-temperature environments, the insulation layer can significantly reduce heat loss, ensuring that the battery pack can obtain sufficient heat to maintain the temperature required for its normal operation; the polyurethane insulation layer also provides structural support for the outer casing 110, enhancing the overall strength of the battery box 100 and improving its impact and pressure resistance.
[0031] When the temperature control switch 300 adjusts the indoor temperature, it requires a certain reaction time to sense changes in the ambient temperature and make corresponding adjustments, which may lead to unnecessary energy waste. Therefore, in one embodiment, the lithium battery heating structure also includes a DC battery pack, a battery management system (BMS), and a temperature sensor, all disposed within the installation space. The DC battery pack, the BMS, and the infrared heating plate 200 are connected in series, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the BMS. The DC battery pack provides power to the infrared heating plate 200, the BMS monitors and manages the operating status of the entire system, and the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the battery pack and its surrounding environment in real time and feeds the data back to the BMS. By integrating the temperature sensor, BMS, and infrared heating plate 200, a dual-mode temperature control strategy is achieved. When the ambient temperature is low, the infrared heating plate 200 is activated to provide the necessary heat to the battery pack. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature in real time and feeds the data back to the BMS. Based on the data from the temperature sensor, the BMS dynamically adjusts the power of the infrared heating plate 200 to ensure that the battery pack is always maintained within the optimal operating temperature range.
[0032] In one embodiment, when the temperature reaches or exceeds 18°C, the BMS automatically reduces the power of the infrared heating plate 200 to 30% to avoid overheating. When the temperature reaches 20°C, the memory metal switch physically disconnects, stopping heating. This intelligent regulation mechanism not only ensures the safe operation of the battery pack but also improves energy utilization efficiency.
[0033] Relying on DC battery power may not meet the demand for rapid heating, especially in extreme low-temperature environments. Therefore, in one embodiment, the lithium battery heating structure further includes an AC power control module and an AC power supply. The AC power control module is disposed within the installation space, and the AC power supply is connected in series with the infrared heating plate 200. The AC power control module is electrically connected to the AC power supply. By introducing the AC power control module and the AC power supply, a new heating method is provided for the lithium battery heating structure. When charging is connected, the infrared heating plate 200 can be powered by mains electricity, thereby accelerating the heating speed and improving heating efficiency. The AC power control module allows users to set the daily heating period, such as 4:00-6:00. By reasonably setting the heating period and utilizing mains electricity for heating, energy consumption is reduced and operating costs are lowered.
[0034] An electric vehicle includes a lithium battery heating structure as described in any of the preceding claims.
[0035] When electric vehicles operate in low-temperature environments, the lithium battery heating structure, through components such as the infrared heating plate 200, can provide the necessary heat to the battery at low temperatures, thereby improving the battery's internal activity and increasing its usable energy and power output. By maintaining the battery within a suitable operating temperature range, the aging rate of the battery can be effectively slowed down, extending its service life. Electric vehicles equipped with the aforementioned lithium battery heating structure are better suited to the needs of low-temperature environments, maintaining good operating performance and stability in both cold winters and low-temperature regions such as high altitudes and high latitudes.
[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A lithium battery heating structure, characterized in that, include: A battery box (100) has an installation space inside, which is used to install a battery pack; An infrared heating plate (200) is disposed within the installation space, and the output end of the infrared heating plate (200) is disposed opposite to the installation space. A temperature control switch (300) is disposed in the installation space and is connected in series with the infrared heating plate (200); The battery box (100) includes a shell (110) and a door panel (120). The shell (110) has a first opening that communicates with the installation space. The shell (110) is hinged to the door panel (120) so that the door panel (120) can open or close the first opening. The inner wall of the outer shell (110) is provided with a plurality of positioning bolts (111), and the infrared heating plate (200) is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks (210). The positioning blocks (210) are provided with through holes for the positioning bolts (111) to pass through. The positioning bolts (111) and the positioning blocks (210) are fixed by nuts. The lithium battery heating structure also includes a plurality of first magnet pieces (400) and a plurality of second magnet pieces (500). The first magnet pieces (400) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (110), and the second magnet pieces (500) are fixedly connected to one side of the positioning block (210). The side of the first magnet pieces (400) and the second magnet pieces (500) that are close to each other are opposite pole surfaces.
2. The lithium battery heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control switch (300) is a normally closed type with an operating temperature of 20°C.
3. The lithium battery heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outer shell (110) is coated with an infrared high absorption rate coating.
4. The lithium battery heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium battery heating structure further includes a polyurethane insulation layer, which is disposed on the inner wall of the outer shell (110).
5. A lithium battery heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium battery heating structure also includes a DC battery pack, a battery management system, and a temperature sensor, all of which are disposed in the installation space. The DC battery pack, the battery management system, and the infrared heating plate (200) are connected in series, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the battery management system.
6. A lithium battery heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium battery heating structure also includes an AC power control module and an AC power supply. The AC power control module is located in the installation space, and the AC power supply is connected in series with the infrared heating plate (200). The AC power control module is electrically connected to the AC power supply.
7. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, Including the lithium battery heating structure as described in any one of claims 1-6.