A novel parallel charging and discharging switching lithium battery box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel parallel charging and discharging switching lithium battery box, including high -power lithium battery group and control MCU chip, high -power lithium battery group is connected control MCU chip through the analog front end AFE chip of setting, control MCU chip is provided with storage module and clock chip module and is accessed system power supply. The lithium battery box proposed in this scheme can increase or reduce the number arbitrarily, is suitable for the power supply device of small -size monitoring station such as high mountain, gorge, border, coast, as the supplement of power grid gap network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management technology for new energy outdoor monitoring and communication equipment, and in particular to a novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid rise of the domestic new energy industry, the production of high-power new energy power storage batteries has gradually formed a mature industrial chain. However, there is still a lack of high-power uninterrupted power supply for monitoring and communication equipment in various remote areas such as outdoor, high mountains, coast, and border areas. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box.

[0004] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0005] A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box includes a high-power lithium battery pack and a control MCU chip. The high-power lithium battery pack is connected to the control MCU chip through an analog front-end (AFE) chip. The control MCU chip is equipped with a storage module and a clock chip module and is connected to the system power supply.

[0006] Specifically, the positive electrode of the high-power lithium battery pack is also connected to an electronic switching module, and a B+ voltage detection point is set on the connection line.

[0007] Specifically, the electronic switching module includes a DC charging switch circuit and a solar charging switch circuit. Both the DC charging switch circuit and the solar charging switch circuit have two high-power MOSFETs facing each other. The DC charging switch circuit is connected to the external DC charging positive terminal and has a charger voltage detection point. The MOSFET at the end of the circuit closest to the voltage detection point is connected in parallel with a switch K1. The solar charging switch circuit is connected to the external discharge or solar charging positive terminal and has a solar voltage detection point. The two MOSFETs in the solar charging switch circuit are connected in parallel with switches K4 and K5, respectively.

[0008] Specifically, the negative electrode of the high-power lithium battery pack is also connected in series with a current detection circuit, a current limiting circuit, and a pre-charge circuit; the current limiting circuit includes a current limiting resistor and a switch K6 connected in parallel; the pre-charge circuit includes two branches, which are respectively connected to the negative electrode of discharge or solar charging and the negative electrode of DC charging. Two opposing field-effect transistors are installed on the line connected to the negative electrode of discharge or solar charging, and a voltage detection point is set at the connection end with the negative electrode of discharge or solar charging. A pre-charge resistor is connected in parallel across the two ends of the two field-effect transistors, and a switch K9 is connected in series with the pre-charge resistor; the two field-effect transistors are respectively connected in parallel with switches K7 and K8.

[0009] Specifically, the analog front-end AFE chip and the control MCU chip are also connected to a cell low-voltage protection module, which is connected to a 12V isolation power supply U1.

[0010] Specifically, the 12V isolation power supply U1 pin is connected to the 12V output positive terminal and the 12V output negative terminal respectively, and the line connected to the 12V output negative terminal is also connected to the system power supply through an optocoupler.

[0011] Specifically, the high-power lithium battery is composed of power lithium batteries connected in series and parallel.

[0012] Specifically, it also includes an isolated CAN communication module and a light display module, wherein the light display module includes a power indicator light and a fault indicator light.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model utilizes the natural energy of the sun to make up for the deficiencies of the mains power grid, and provides a high-power uninterrupted power supply device for monitoring and small communication equipment in various remote areas such as outdoor, high mountains, coast, and border areas. At the same time, it solves the problem of overcharging and over-discharging of lithium batteries in low-temperature environments. It has important practical significance for production and is suitable for power supply devices for small monitoring stations in high mountains, canyons, borders, and coasts, as a supplement to the power grid gap network. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall circuit architecture of the novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a system architecture diagram of a novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a DC charging control circuit diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the negative electrode control circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of discharge mode switching in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the battery box connection in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of charging current limiting and current detection in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-7 The following describes some embodiments of the present invention in detail. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0025] This utility model proposes a novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box. In a preferred embodiment, the battery box includes a high-power lithium battery pack and a control MCU chip. The high-power lithium battery pack is connected to the control MCU chip through an analog front-end (AFE) chip. The control MCU chip is equipped with a storage module and a clock chip module and is connected to the system power supply.

[0026] In this embodiment, the positive electrode of the high-power lithium battery pack is also connected to an electronic switching module, and a B+ voltage detection point is provided on the connection line. The electronic switching module includes a DC charging switch line and a solar charging switch line. Both the DC charging switch line and the solar charging switch line have two high-power field-effect transistors facing each other. The DC charging switch line is connected to the external DC charging positive electrode and has a charger voltage detection point. The field-effect transistor at the end of the line near the voltage detection point is connected in parallel with a switch K1. The solar charging switch line is connected to the external discharge or solar charging positive electrode and has a solar voltage detection point. The two field-effect transistors in the solar charging switch line are connected in parallel with switches K4 and K5, respectively.

[0027] In this embodiment, the negative terminal of the high-power lithium battery pack is also connected in series with a current detection circuit, a current limiting circuit, and a pre-charge circuit; the current limiting circuit includes a current limiting resistor and a switch K6 connected in parallel; the pre-charge circuit includes two branches, which are respectively connected to the negative terminal of discharge or solar charging and the negative terminal of DC charging. Two opposing field-effect transistors are arranged on the line connected to the negative terminal of discharge or solar charging, and a voltage detection point is set at the connection end with the negative terminal of discharge or solar charging. A pre-charge resistor is connected in parallel across the two ends of the two field-effect transistors, and a switch K9 is connected in series with the pre-charge resistor; the two field-effect transistors are respectively connected in parallel with switches K7 and K8.

[0028] In this embodiment, the analog front-end AFE chip and the control MCU chip are also connected to a low-voltage protection module for the battery cell, which is connected to a 12V isolated power supply U1. The pins of the 12V isolated power supply U1 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the 12V output, respectively, and the line connected to the negative terminal of the 12V output is also connected to the system power supply through an optocoupler.

[0029] In this embodiment, the high-power lithium battery is composed of power lithium batteries connected in series and parallel.

[0030] In this embodiment, an isolated CAN communication module and a light display module are also included, wherein the light display module includes a power indicator light and a fault indicator light.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, multiple novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery boxes proposed in this invention are used, combined with solar panels and MPPTs. Through switching control, a multi-energy storage power supply intelligent control charge-discharge switching system can be realized, such as... Figure 2 As shown, when solar energy is abundant, the system's battery boxes store solar energy, achieving natural energy harvesting and compensating for insufficient grid coverage. All energy storage battery box power supplies are connected in parallel to the system's power bus, achieving power redundancy and improving the reliability and stability of the system's power supply.

[0032] In this embodiment, the lithium battery box receives commands from the switching control box and switches to different operating modes to adapt to the system's power distribution. When solar energy is sufficient, each battery box is charged in turn. When there is no solar energy at night, the system switches each battery box to discharge in turn, ensuring the continuity and stability of power supply to the load equipment. The specific circuit block diagram of the novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the components and their functions are as follows:

[0033] The battery box contains a high-power lithium battery pack for storing and releasing electrical energy.

[0034] The analog front-end AFE chip is mainly used for battery pack cell voltage acquisition, temperature acquisition, and equalization control.

[0035] U1 12V isolated power supply, used to provide low voltage power to the switching control box in the system.

[0036] The K2 cell low-voltage automatic protector is mainly used for the protection and control of over-discharge of batteries in the battery box.

[0037] The system-isolated 12V power supply module is mainly used for electronic switch control inside the lithium battery box.

[0038] The K7 and K8 electronic switches are mainly used for switching the charging and discharging modes of the battery box.

[0039] The K6 current limiting circuit is used to limit the charging current of the lithium battery pack in low-temperature environments, thereby extending the life of the lithium battery.

[0040] The K9 precharge circuit is mainly used for the instantaneous startup of high-power capacitive loads to avoid large fluctuations in current on the system's main power line.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the DC charging circuit is used for charging, maintenance, or joint debugging of the lithium battery box when it is moved from outdoors to indoors. The external DC charger can automatically wake up the MCU of the lithium battery box control board to realize the function of charging the lithium battery box separately. Figure 3 The field-effect transistor U23, used in conjunction with the chip U26, acts as an ideal diode. When an external charger is connected, it can charge the battery pack. When the charger is disconnected, the reverse blocking effect of the diode prevents the DC charging input port from being left floating and energized, thus providing a certain degree of electrical safety protection.

[0042] The field-effect transistor U24 is used in conjunction with the optocoupler U25. When the DC charger wakes up the MCU of the lithium battery box, the MCU sends a CHARGE signal, the field-effect transistor U24 closes, and the charger charges the lithium battery box normally.

[0043] Once the MCU detects the full charge status of the battery cell via the front-end AFE chip, the MCU disconnects the CHARGE signal, the MOSFET U24 disconnects, and DC charging ends.

[0044] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the solar charging and discharging circuit is used to charge the lithium battery box using solar energy, and also to control the discharge of the system when there is no solar power. Figure 4 The field-effect transistor U75 and the optocoupler U77 form the negative electrode charging control circuit, and the field-effect transistor U76 and the optocoupler U78 form the discharge control circuit.

[0045] When the system is to implement the battery swapping function of the parallel charge / discharge switching lithium battery box proposed in this utility model, the field transistors U75 and U76 need to be switched in coordination, such as... Figure 5-6As shown, after switch K1_2 is opened, battery box 1 switches to discharge mode. Since the switching control process is completed in about tens of microseconds, the switching control box has a large energy storage capacitor, and the load generally operates with a low DC voltage and wide voltage range, this switching does not affect the normal operation of the load. Closing switches K2_1 and K2_2 of battery box 2 connects battery box 2 to the system, and simultaneously closing switch K1_1 of battery box 1 allows battery box 2 to be charged or discharged. This achieves a seamless switching process for the battery boxes.

[0046] This utility model also proposes a current-limiting design for a parallel charge / discharge switching lithium battery box, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in low-temperature environments, to prevent damage to the lithium battery, the MCU can connect a current-limiting resistor during charging based on the current ambient temperature to limit the charging current to the battery pack. As the temperature rises, the charging current limit is lifted, increasing the charging speed. The MOSFET U79 and resistor R303 constitute the current-limiting resistor. In low-temperature environments, the MCU disables the CURRENT_LIMITER signal, U79 disconnects, and the resistor connects to the circuit, limiting the charging current. Simultaneously, resistor R303 can be replaced by a heating film to heat the battery pack and increase the charging temperature. U80 is a Hall effect-based current detection circuit used to detect the charging and discharging current of the battery pack.

[0047] The lithium battery box and switching control scheme provided by this utility model can arbitrarily increase or decrease the energy storage battery box. The control box automatically switches the high-capacity battery box to supply power to the system. At the same time, when there is sufficient external solar energy, it can arbitrarily select a low-capacity battery box to charge according to the power status of each battery box.

[0048] In low-temperature environments, to prevent damage to lithium batteries from high-current charging, a current-limiting resistor can be connected during charging to limit the charging current to the battery pack, depending on the current ambient temperature. In the actual design of the battery pack, the current-limiting resistor can be replaced by a heating film to heat the battery pack. When the temperature rises, the charging current limit is lifted to increase the charging speed.

[0049] Furthermore, the MCU control device for the battery box of this invention completely shuts down and goes into hibernation when the battery box is in a dormant state, resulting in extremely low power consumption for the entire battery box. Even if the battery box is not used for a long time, the lithium battery will not be damaged.

[0050] For the foregoing embodiments, in order to simplify the description, they are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to this application, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0051] The above embodiments describe the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box, characterized in that, It includes a high-power lithium battery pack and a control MCU chip. The high-power lithium battery pack is connected to the control MCU chip through a set analog front-end (AFE) chip. The control MCU chip is equipped with a storage module and a clock chip module and is connected to the system power supply.

2. The novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode of the high-power lithium battery pack is also connected to an electronic switching module, and a B+ voltage detection point is set on the connection line.

3. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electronic switching module includes a DC charging switch circuit and a solar charging switch circuit. Both the DC charging switch circuit and the solar charging switch circuit have two high-power field-effect transistors facing each other. The DC charging switch circuit is connected to the external DC charging positive terminal and has a charger voltage detection point. The field-effect transistor at the end of the circuit closest to the voltage detection point is connected in parallel with a switch K1. The solar charging switch circuit is connected to the external discharge or solar charging positive terminal and has a solar voltage detection point. The two field-effect transistors in the solar charging switch circuit are connected in parallel with switches K4 and K5, respectively.

4. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative terminal of the high-power lithium battery pack is also connected to a current detection circuit, a current limiting circuit, and a pre-charge circuit connected in series. The current limiting circuit includes a current limiting resistor and a switch K6 connected in parallel. The pre-charge circuit includes two branches, which are respectively connected to the negative terminal of the discharge or solar charging circuit and the negative terminal of the DC charging circuit. Two opposing field-effect transistors are installed on the line connected to the negative terminal of the discharge or solar charging circuit. A voltage detection point is set at the connection end with the negative terminal of the discharge or solar charging circuit. A pre-charge resistor is connected in parallel across the two ends of the two field-effect transistors. The pre-charge resistor is also connected in series with a switch K9. The two field-effect transistors are connected in parallel with switches K7 and K8, respectively.

5. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The analog front-end AFE chip and the control MCU chip are also connected to the cell low-voltage protection module, which is connected to a 12V isolated power supply U1.

6. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The 12V isolated power supply U1 pin is connected to the 12V output positive terminal and the 12V output negative terminal respectively. The line connected to the 12V output negative terminal is also connected to the system power supply through an optocoupler.

7. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-power lithium battery is composed of power lithium batteries connected in series and parallel.

8. A novel parallel charge-discharge switching lithium battery box as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes an isolated CAN communication module and a light display module, the light display module including a power indicator light and a fault indicator light.

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