A cyclone coal particle sizing processor
By using a cyclone-type coal particle size classifier, which incorporates a spiral blade and a flow divider design, along with a spiral conveying mechanism and a cooling fan, the problem of insufficient classification accuracy and unstable operation of existing classification devices has been solved, achieving efficient and reliable coal particle classification.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 山西途悦选煤工程技术股份有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing coal grading devices, which use gravity settling or screening methods, suffer from insufficient grading accuracy, resulting in non-compliant particles being mixed into the finished product, affecting the quality of subsequent processes. Furthermore, adjusting the equipment requires additional time and costs.
The cyclone coal particle size classifier includes a base, drive assembly, separation chamber, cyclone assembly, and collection assembly. Through the design of spiral blades, flow dividers, and guide bars, it utilizes cyclone motion and centrifugal force to achieve multi-stage classification. Combined with a spiral conveyor mechanism and cooling fan, it solves the problems of equipment blockage and temperature control.
It improves the grading accuracy, enhances the stability of the swirling motion, avoids disordered particle movement, ensures continuous operation of the equipment, reduces temperature, and removes impurities, significantly improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224371687U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal processing and grading technology, and in particular to a cyclone coal particle size classifier. Background Technology
[0002] During coal processing, large pieces of coal are crushed into smaller particles using crushing equipment. This process is particularly important for coal because it involves more than just simple crushing; it requires multi-stage processing to ensure a proper particle size distribution, which helps improve the efficiency of subsequent combustion or gasification.
[0003] Because coal requires multi-stage crushing, only particles that meet the requirements can proceed to the next process; therefore, grading is an essential step. Existing grading devices mostly achieve this through gravity settling or screening. However, due to the irregular shape and significant density differences of coal particles, traditional methods are prone to insufficient grading accuracy. This results in some non-compliant particles being mixed into the finished product, affecting the quality of subsequent processes. Adjusting or optimizing the equipment requires additional time and cost; therefore, existing devices have certain limitations in grading. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a cyclone-type coal particle size classifier that solves the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: a cyclone-type coal particle size classifier includes a base, a drive assembly, a separation chamber, a cyclone assembly, and a collection assembly. The base is a rectangular frame structure with a drive housing fixedly mounted on one side of its top. The separation chamber is a cylindrical structure, with its bottom fixedly connected to the base via multiple elastic supports. An inlet is provided at the top of the separation chamber, and a conical guide plate is installed at the inlet. The drive assembly includes a power motor fixedly installed inside the drive housing, and the output shaft of the power motor is connected to a transmission shaft at the center of the bottom of the separation chamber via a coupling. The cyclone assembly is located inside the separation chamber and includes spiral blades fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft. The spiral blades are arranged in multiple segments at intervals along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and a flow divider is provided between adjacent segments of spiral blades. The flow divider is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation chamber by bolts. The collection assembly includes multiple annular collection troughs arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the separation chamber, and the bottom of the annular collection troughs is connected to an external storage silo via a guide pipe.
[0006] Preferably, multiple sets of guide strips are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the separation chamber. The guide strips extend along the axial direction of the separation chamber, with four guide strips in each set, evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the separation chamber. The cross-section of the guide strips is triangular, with their tips pointing towards the central axis of the separation chamber. The function of the guide strips is to guide the coal particles to form a stable swirling motion within the separation chamber, preventing disordered movement of the particles and thus avoiding a decrease in classification efficiency.
[0007] Preferably, the outer edge of the helical blade is provided with a plurality of inclined baffles, the inclination angle of which is 30° to 45°, and the length of which is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the helical blade. The function of the baffles is to apply additional centrifugal force to the coal particles during the rotation of the helical blade, thereby accelerating the separation process of particles of different sizes.
[0008] Preferably, the surface of the diverter plate has multiple evenly distributed guide holes with a diameter of 5mm to 10mm, and the edge of the diverter plate has arc-shaped protrusions with a height 1.5 times the thickness of the diverter plate. The function of the diverter plate is to initially stratify the coal particles in the vortex according to their particle size. Larger particles are blocked on the outside of the diverter plate, while smaller particles enter the next stage of the vortex region through the guide holes.
[0009] Preferably, multiple baffles are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular collecting trough. The baffles are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular collecting trough, and the length of each baffle is half the width of the annular collecting trough. The inclination angle of the baffles is 15° to 30°. The function of the baffles is to prevent coal particles from accumulating in the annular collecting trough and to guide the particles to be discharged smoothly along the feed pipe.
[0010] Preferably, the feed pipe is equipped with a screw conveyor mechanism inside. The screw conveyor mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe via bearings, and one end of the screw conveyor mechanism is connected to an auxiliary motor outside the separation chamber via a chain. The function of the screw conveyor mechanism is to continuously transport the coal particles in the annular collection trough to the external storage silo, preventing blockage of the feed pipe.
[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the separation chamber is provided with a slag discharge port, a manual control valve is installed at the slag discharge port, and a slag collection box is provided below the slag discharge port, which is connected to the base via a slide rail. The function of the slag discharge port is to periodically clean large particulate impurities deposited at the bottom of the separation chamber, and the design of the slag collection box facilitates quick replacement and cleaning by operators.
[0012] Preferably, a cooling fan is fixedly installed on the top of the drive housing. The air outlet of the cooling fan is connected to the top of the separation chamber through an air duct, and an adjustable airflow valve is installed at the end of the air duct. The function of the cooling fan is to reduce the temperature inside the separation chamber and prevent coal particles from sticking together or clumping due to high temperature.
[0013] The cyclone coal particle size classifier provided in this embodiment works on the following principle: Coal particles enter the separation chamber through the feed inlet and are uniformly dispersed and fall into the cyclone assembly under the action of the conical guide plate. A power motor drives the spiral blades to rotate at high speed via a drive shaft, and the coal particles form a stable cyclone motion under the combined action of the spiral blades and the baffles. Because coal particles of different sizes have different centrifugal forces and inertia, larger particles are thrown to the outside of the separation chamber and deposited in the annular collection trough, while smaller particles enter the next stage of cyclone region for further classification through the guide holes of the diverter plate. Finally, the classified coal particles are discharged to the external storage silo through the feed pipe, while large impurities are discharged to the slag collection box through the slag discharge port.
[0014] The technical advantages of this invention are reflected in the following aspects: First, by setting up multi-segment spiral blades and a flow divider, multi-stage grading of coal particles is achieved, improving grading accuracy. Second, the design of the turbulence plate and guide strip enhances the stability of the swirling motion, avoiding the impact of disordered particle movement on grading efficiency. Third, the cooperation between the spiral conveyor mechanism and the baffle plate solves the problem of blockage in the guide pipe, ensuring continuous operation of the equipment. Finally, the design of the cooling fan and slag discharge port reduces the operating temperature of the equipment and effectively cleans impurities in the separation chamber. In summary, this invention, through reasonable mechanical structure design and functional module combination, not only solves the problem of insufficient grading accuracy in existing grading devices but also significantly improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
[0017] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Base; 2. Separation chamber; 3. Drive box; 4. Power motor; 5. Drive shaft; 6. Spiral blade; 7. Diverter plate; 8. Annular collection trough; 9. Guide pipe; 10. Spiral conveying mechanism; 11. Slag discharge port; 12. Slag collection box; 13. Cooling fan; 14. Baffle plate; 15. Guide bar; 16. Baffle plate. Detailed Implementation
[0018] This utility model provides a cyclone-type coal particle size classifier, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 2As shown in the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The device includes a base 1, a separation chamber 2, a drive housing 3, a power motor 4, a transmission shaft 5, spiral blades 6, a flow divider 7, an annular collection trough 8, a guide pipe 9, a spiral conveying mechanism 10, a slag discharge port 11, a slag collection box 12, a cooling fan 13, a baffle plate 14, a guide bar 15, and a baffle plate 16.
[0019] The base 1 is a rectangular frame structure made of high-strength steel, with a drive housing 3 fixedly mounted on one side of its top. A power motor 4 is housed inside the drive housing 3, and is bolted to the inner wall of the drive housing 3. The output shaft of the power motor 4 is connected to one end of a transmission shaft 5 via a coupling. The other end of the transmission shaft 5 passes through the bottom of the separation chamber 2 and extends into the interior of the separation chamber 2. A bearing connects the transmission shaft 5 to the bottom of the separation chamber 2 for rotatable connection, ensuring smooth rotation of the transmission shaft 5. The separation chamber 2 is a cylindrical structure, with its bottom fixedly connected to the base 1 via multiple elastic supports. These elastic supports, made of rubber, are evenly distributed around the bottom of the separation chamber 2 for shock absorption and stable support.
[0020] The separation chamber 2 has a feed inlet at its top, and a conical guide plate is installed at the feed inlet. The upper opening of the conical guide plate is larger, and the lower opening is smaller. Its outer edge is fixed to the inner wall of the separation chamber 2 by welding. The function of the conical guide plate is to evenly disperse the coal particles entering from the feed inlet, preventing the particles from accumulating in one area. Multiple sets of guide strips 15 are fixed to the inner wall of the separation chamber 2. Each set of guide strips 15 consists of four strips, evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the separation chamber 2. The guide strips 15 extend along the axial direction of the separation chamber 2, and their cross-section is triangular, with the tips pointing towards the central axis of the separation chamber 2. The guide strips 15 are fixed to the inner wall of the separation chamber 2 by welding, and are used to guide the coal particles to form a stable swirling motion.
[0021] Multiple helical blades 6 are fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft 5, and the helical blades 6 are arranged in multiple segments at intervals along the axial direction of the drive shaft 5. A flow divider 7 is provided between two adjacent helical blade segments 6, and the flow divider 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation chamber 2 by bolts. The surface of the flow divider 7 has multiple evenly distributed guide holes with a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm. The edge of the flow divider 7 is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, the height of which is 1.5 times the thickness of the flow divider 7. The function of the flow divider 7 is to initially stratify the coal particles in the vortex according to their particle size. Larger particles are blocked on the outside of the flow divider 7, while smaller particles enter the next stage of the vortex region through the guide holes.
[0022] Multiple inclined baffles 14 are arranged on the outer edge of the spiral blade 6. The inclination angle of the baffles 14 is 30° to 45°, and the length of the baffles 14 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the spiral blade 6. The baffles 14 are fixed to the outer edge of the spiral blade 6 by welding to enhance the centrifugal force of coal particles during the swirling process. Multiple annular collection troughs 8 are arranged radially at intervals inside the separation chamber 2. Multiple baffle plates 16 are fixed to the inner wall of the annular collection troughs 8, and the baffle plates 16 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular collection troughs 8. The length of each baffle plate 16 is 1 / 2 of the width of the annular collection trough 8, and the inclination angle of the baffle plate 16 is 15° to 30°. The baffle plates 16 are fixed to the inner wall of the annular collection troughs 8 by welding to prevent coal particles from accumulating inside the annular collection troughs 8.
[0023] The bottom of the annular collecting trough 8 is connected to an external storage silo via a guide pipe 9. A screw conveyor mechanism 10 is installed inside the guide pipe 9, and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide pipe 9 by bearings. One end of the screw conveyor mechanism 10 is connected to an auxiliary motor outside the separation chamber 2 via a chain, and the auxiliary motor is fixed to the outer wall of the separation chamber 2 by bolts. The function of the screw conveyor mechanism 10 is to continuously transport coal particles from the annular collecting trough 8 to the external storage silo. A slag discharge port 11 is provided at the bottom of the separation chamber 2, and a manual control valve is installed at the slag discharge port 11, which is connected to the slag discharge port 11 by threads. A slag collection box 12 is provided below the slag discharge port 11, and is connected to the base 1 via a slide rail, which is fixed to the base 1 by bolts. The function of the slag collection box 12 is to collect large particulate impurities deposited at the bottom of the separation chamber 2.
[0024] A cooling fan 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the drive housing 3, and the cooling fan 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the drive housing 3 by bolts. The air outlet of the cooling fan 13 is connected to the top of the separation chamber 2 through an air duct, and an adjustable airflow valve is installed at the end of the air duct. The valve is connected to the air duct by threads and is used to adjust the airflow of the cooling fan 13. The function of the cooling fan 13 is to reduce the temperature inside the separation chamber 2 and prevent coal particles from sticking or clumping due to high temperature.
[0025] The working process of this utility model is as follows: After coal particles enter the separation chamber 2 through the feed inlet, they are evenly dispersed and fall into the cyclone assembly under the action of the conical guide plate. After the power motor 4 starts, it drives the spiral blade 6 to rotate at high speed through the transmission shaft 5. The coal particles form a stable cyclone motion under the combined action of the spiral blade 6 and the baffle plate 14. Since coal particles of different sizes have different centrifugal forces and inertia, larger particles are thrown to the outside of the separation chamber 2 and deposited in the annular collection tank 8, while smaller particles enter the next stage of cyclone region for further classification through the guide holes of the diverter plate 7. During the cyclone process, the guide strip 15 guides the coal particles to form a stable cyclone motion, avoiding disordered movement of particles in the separation chamber 2. The baffle plate 14 applies additional centrifugal force to the coal particles during the rotation of the spiral blade 6, thereby accelerating the separation process of particles of different sizes.
[0026] After grading, the coal particles fall into the annular collection trough 8. A baffle plate 16 prevents coal particles from accumulating in the annular collection trough 8 and guides the particles smoothly out along the feed pipe 9. A screw conveyor mechanism 10 continuously transports the coal particles in the annular collection trough 8 to an external storage silo, preventing blockage of the feed pipe 9. Large particles of impurities deposited at the bottom of the separation chamber 2 are discharged through the slag discharge port 11 into the slag collection box 12. Operators can quickly replace and clean the slag collection box 12 via a slide rail. A cooling fan 13 delivers cool air into the separation chamber 2 through an air duct to reduce the temperature inside the separation chamber 2, preventing coal particles from sticking or clumping due to high temperatures.
[0027] This invention achieves efficient grading of coal particles through a rational mechanical structure design and functional module combination. The connection and positional relationships between the various components are precisely designed to ensure the stability and reliability of the equipment operation.
[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the specific implementation principle of this utility model is further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.
[0029] In actual coal processing, it is assumed that a batch of coal particles with a wide particle size distribution needs to be graded to separate small coal particles that meet combustion requirements, while collecting large impurities. The operator first feeds the coal particles to be processed into the separation chamber 2 through the inlet. At this point, a conical guide plate evenly disperses the incoming coal particles, preventing unstable swirling motion due to particle accumulation. The coal particles then fall into the swirling assembly's working area, which consists of spiral blades 6 and baffles 14.
[0030] After the power motor 4 starts, the drive shaft 5 drives the multi-segment spiral blades 6 to rotate at high speed. Under the action of the spiral blades 6, the coal particles begin to form a swirling motion along the inner wall of the separation chamber 2. Due to the presence of the guide strip 15, the coal particles are guided into a stable swirling path along the axial direction of the separation chamber 2, avoiding disordered movement of the particles within the chamber. At the same time, the turbulence plate 14 applies additional centrifugal force to the coal particles during the rotation of the spiral blades 6, causing particles of different sizes to exhibit different trajectories in the swirling motion. Larger particles are thrown to the outside of the separation chamber 2 due to their greater inertia, while smaller particles maintain a motion state close to the central axis.
[0031] When coal particles pass through the diversion plate 7, the guide holes on the diversion plate 7 perform initial stratification of the particles. Since the diameter of the guide holes is designed to be 5mm to 10mm, only small particles that meet the size requirements can pass through the guide holes and enter the next stage of the vortex zone, while larger particles are blocked on the outside by the arc-shaped protrusions and deposited in the annular collection trough 8. The design of the baffle plate 16 effectively prevents the accumulation of coal particles in the annular collection trough 8, ensuring that the particles can be smoothly discharged along the guide pipe 9. The screw conveyor mechanism 10, driven by an auxiliary motor, continuously transports the particles in the annular collection trough 8 to the external storage bin, thereby preventing blockage of the guide pipe 9.
[0032] Large particles that fail to pass through the diversion plate 7 eventually settle at the bottom of the separation chamber 2. Operators can manually open the slag discharge port 11 via a control valve to discharge these large particles into the slag collection box 12. The slag collection box 12 is connected to the base 1 via a slide rail for easy replacement and cleaning. Furthermore, throughout the grading process, the cooling fan 13 delivers cool air into the separation chamber 2 through ductwork to lower the temperature within the chamber and prevent coal particles from sticking or caking due to high temperatures. The valve's adjustment function allows for adjustment of the cooling fan 13's airflow according to actual needs, thereby ensuring the stability of the equipment's operating environment.
[0033] As can be seen from the above steps, this utility model achieves multi-stage classification of coal particles through the cooperation of multiple spiral blades 6 and diverting plates 7, with each classification process completed through swirling motion and centrifugal force. The design of the turbulence plate 14 and guide strip 15 further enhances the stability of the swirling motion, ensuring that the particles can move along a predetermined trajectory within the cavity. The combination of the baffle plate 16 and the spiral conveyor mechanism 10 solves the common problem of guide pipe blockage in traditional classification devices, ensuring continuous operation of the equipment. The design of the cooling fan 13 and the slag discharge port 11 improves the reliability and service life of the equipment from both temperature control and impurity removal perspectives.
[0034] In summary, this utility model, through reasonable mechanical structure design and the synergistic effect of functional modules, not only overcomes the problem of insufficient grading accuracy of traditional grading devices, but also significantly improves the overall operating efficiency and stability of the equipment, meeting the demand for high-precision grading in the coal processing field.
[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A cyclonic coal particle sizing processor comprising a base (1) characterised in that, Also includes: The separation chamber (2) is a cylindrical structure. Its bottom is fixedly connected to the base (1) through multiple elastic support members. The top of the separation chamber (2) is provided with a feed inlet and a conical guide plate is provided at the feed inlet. The drive assembly includes a power motor (4) fixedly installed inside the drive housing (3), and the output shaft of the power motor (4) is connected to the transmission shaft (5) at the center of the bottom of the separation chamber (2) via a coupling. The swirling assembly is located inside the separation chamber (2). The swirling assembly includes a spiral blade (6) fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft (5). The spiral blade (6) is arranged in multiple segments along the axial direction of the drive shaft (5). A flow divider (7) is provided between two adjacent spiral blade segments (6). The flow divider (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation chamber (2) by bolts. The collection assembly includes a plurality of annular collection troughs (8), which are arranged radially at intervals along the separation cavity (2). The bottom of the annular collection troughs (8) is connected to an external storage silo through a guide pipe (9).
2. A cyclonic coal particle sizing processor as claimed in claim 1 wherein, Multiple sets of guide strips (15) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the separation cavity (2). Each set of guide strips (15) consists of four strips, which are evenly distributed on the circumference of the inner wall of the separation cavity (2). The guide strips (15) extend along the axial direction of the separation cavity (2). The cross-section of the guide strips (15) is a triangular structure, with the tip pointing towards the central axis of the separation cavity (2).
3. The cyclone-type coal particle size classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer edge of the helical blade (6) is provided with a plurality of inclined baffles (14), the inclination angle of the baffles (14) is 30° to 45°, and the length of the baffles (14) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the width of the helical blade (6).
4. The cyclone-type coal particle size classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the diverter plate (7) is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed guide holes, the diameter of which is 5mm to 10mm. The edge of the diverter plate (7) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion, the height of which is 1.5 times the thickness of the diverter plate (7).
5. A cyclone-type coal particle size classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple baffles (16) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular collection trough (8). The baffles (16) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular collection trough (8). The length of each baffle (16) is 1 / 2 of the width of the annular collection trough (8), and the inclination angle of the baffles (16) is 15° to 30°.
6. A cyclone-type coal particle size classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide tube (9) is equipped with a spiral conveying mechanism (10). The spiral conveying mechanism (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide tube (9) by bearings. One end of the spiral conveying mechanism (10) is connected to an auxiliary motor outside the separation chamber (2) by a chain.
7. A cyclone-type coal particle size classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the separation chamber (2) is provided with a slag discharge port (11), a manual control valve is installed at the slag discharge port (11), and a slag collection box (12) is provided below the slag discharge port (11). The slag collection box (12) is connected to the base (1) through a slide rail.