An abrasive breaking device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of crushing technology, specifically disclosing an abrasive crushing device, including a fixed jaw plate and a movable jaw plate. The lower end of the fixed jaw plate is hinged between two guard plates, and the movable jaw plate, the fixed jaw plate, and the two guard plates form a crushing chamber. A first engaging tooth is provided on the side of the fixed jaw plate facing away from the movable jaw plate, and a second engaging tooth is slidably provided on the guard plate to engage with the first engaging tooth to lock the rotation angle of the fixed jaw plate. This application overcomes the limitation of the fixed jaw plate angle being non-adjustable in traditional jaw crushers, and the adjustment process is independent of the movement trajectory of the movable jaw plate, avoiding interference with the movement of the movable jaw plate by traditional adjustment methods, significantly simplifying the operation process and improving crushing stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of crushing technology, and in particular to an abrasive crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] Abrasives are sharp, hard materials used to grind the surfaces of softer materials. They include natural and synthetic abrasives. Natural abrasives usually require crushing or post-processing (sorting and purification) after mining.

[0003] Crushing processes typically require crushers: jaw crushers are generally used for coarse crushing, cone crushers for medium crushing, and high-pressure roller mills for fine crushing. Patent document CN221230641U discloses an abrasive jaw crusher device. This device uses an F-shaped rod with holes in the connecting rod to prevent detachment after the integrated baffle is installed, ensuring installation stability. Springs and limit plates ensure the anchor rod maintains its locking tendency in the locked state, further enhancing anti-detachment stability. While this design has some positive aspects, it also has drawbacks. The fixed jaw plates are identical to those in current jaw crushers and cannot be adjusted. When dealing with materials of different sizes, only the more complex movable jaw plates can be adjusted, which is relatively cumbersome and prone to misalignment, affecting the normal crushing process.

[0004] In addition, the discharge port of traditional jaw crushers is prone to blockage, which affects crushing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an abrasive crushing device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0007] An abrasive crushing device includes a fixed jaw plate and a movable jaw plate. The lower end of the fixed jaw plate is hinged between two guard plates. The movable jaw plate, the fixed jaw plate, and the two guard plates form a crushing chamber. The fixed jaw plate has a first locking tooth on the side facing away from the movable jaw plate. The guard plates are slidably provided with a second locking tooth for engaging with the first locking tooth to lock the rotation angle of the fixed jaw plate.

[0008] Preferably, the guard plate has a vertical groove on the side of the fixed jaw plate facing away from the movable jaw plate, and a sliding block is slidably disposed in the vertical groove, with the second locking tooth disposed on the sliding block.

[0009] Preferably, the guard plate is provided with a transverse sliding groove, and a sliding plate is provided in the transverse sliding groove. The fixed jaw plate is rotatably connected to the sliding plate. An adjusting screw is provided on the guard plate along the sliding direction of the transverse sliding groove. The adjusting screw is screwed to the sliding plate. The sliding plate is also provided with an abutment bolt. One end of the abutment bolt is located inside the transverse sliding groove, and the other end is located outside the transverse sliding groove.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the fixed jaw plate is provided with a hinge shaft, and both ends of the hinge shaft are rotatably connected to the sliding plate.

[0011] Preferably, the fixed jaw plate has a first vertical crushing groove on the side facing the movable jaw plate, and the movable jaw plate has a second vertical crushing groove on the side facing the fixed jaw plate.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of the first vertical crushing trough is provided with a sliding cavity; a sliding frame is provided in the sliding cavity, and a vibration motor is provided on the sliding frame.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed jaw plate is provided with an air intake channel, one end of which opens into the sliding cavity, and the other end of which opens on the side of the fixed jaw plate opposite to the movable jaw plate. An air intake pipe is provided on the opening of the fixed jaw plate on the side opposite to the movable jaw plate.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the air intake pipe away from the air intake channel is connected to an air source device, and a pulse valve is provided on the air intake pipe.

[0015] The abrasive crushing device disclosed in this application breaks through the limitation that the angle of the fixed jaw plate of the traditional jaw crusher is not adjustable, and the adjustment process is independent of the movement trajectory of the movable jaw plate, avoiding the interference of the traditional adjustment method on the movement of the movable jaw plate, significantly simplifying the operation process and improving the crushing stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0019] Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point C in the middle;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this application.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Fixed jaw plate; 10. First locking tooth; 100. Air intake channel; 2. Movable jaw plate; 20. Second vertical crushing groove; 3. Guard plate; 5. Crushing chamber; 6. Vertical slide groove; 60. Sliding block; 61. Second locking tooth; 7. Hinge shaft; 70. Sliding plate; 71. Adjusting screw; 72. Abutment bolt; 73. Horizontal slide groove; 8. First vertical crushing groove; 9. Sliding rod; 90. Connecting plate; 91. Vibration motor. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present application, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present application.

[0025] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an abrasive crushing device includes a fixed jaw plate 1 and a movable jaw plate 2. The lower end of the fixed jaw plate 1 is hinged between two guard plates 3. The movable jaw plate 2, the fixed jaw plate 1, and the two guard plates 3 form a crushing chamber 5. The fixed jaw plate 1 is provided with a first locking tooth 10 on the side facing away from the movable jaw plate 2. The guard plates 3 are slidably provided with a second locking tooth 61 for engaging with the first locking tooth 10 to lock the rotation angle of the fixed jaw plate 1.

[0026] The fixed jaw plate 1 and the movable jaw plate 2 are spaced apart on the left and right, and the two guard plates 3 are spaced apart on the front and back.

[0027] When processing large pieces of material, the sliding second locking tooth 61 engages with the lower-positioned first locking tooth 10, increasing the angle of the fixed jaw plate 1 to widen the feed opening. When processing fine materials, the sliding second locking tooth 61 engages with the higher-positioned first locking tooth 10, decreasing the angle of the fixed jaw plate 1 to improve crushing efficiency. This application overcomes the limitation of the fixed jaw plate 1 angle being non-adjustable in traditional jaw crushers, and the adjustment process is independent of the movement trajectory of the movable jaw plate 2, avoiding interference from traditional adjustment methods on the movement of the movable jaw plate 2, significantly simplifying the operation process and improving crushing stability.

[0028] In some further embodiments, the guard plate 3 is provided with a vertical groove 6 on the side of the fixed jaw plate 1 facing away from the movable jaw plate 2, and a sliding block 60 is slidably provided in the vertical groove 6, and a second locking tooth 61 is provided on the sliding block 60.

[0029] By pushing the sliding block 60 up and down along the slide groove, the meshing position of the second engaging tooth 61 and the first engaging tooth 10 can be adjusted. For example, when the sliding block 60 moves upward, the second engaging tooth 61 meshes with the first engaging tooth 10 at a higher position, and the angle of the fixed jaw plate 1 decreases; conversely, the angle increases. The guiding function of the vertical slide groove 6 ensures the adjustment accuracy.

[0030] The first locking tooth 10 has its tip angled upwards, and the second locking tooth 61 has its tip angled downwards, thus preventing the sliding block 60 from falling freely.

[0031] In some further embodiments, the guard plate 3 is provided with a transverse sliding groove 73, and a sliding plate 70 is provided in the transverse sliding groove 73. The fixed jaw plate 1 is rotatably connected to the sliding plate 70. An adjusting screw 71 is rotatably provided on the guard plate 3 along the sliding direction of the transverse sliding groove 73. The adjusting screw 71 is screwed to the sliding plate 70. The sliding plate 70 is also provided with an abutment bolt 72. One end of the abutment bolt 72 is located inside the transverse sliding groove 73, and the other end is located outside the transverse sliding groove 73.

[0032] The adjusting screw 71 passes through the guard plate 3 along the transverse sliding groove 73 and is screwed to the sliding plate 70. Rotating the screw drives the sliding plate 70 to move laterally. For example, when the sliding plate 70 moves towards the movable jaw plate 2, the distance between the fixed jaw plate 1 and the movable jaw plate 2 decreases, which is suitable for fine crushing operations; conversely, the distance increases, which is suitable for feeding large pieces of material. The abutment bolt 72 provided on the sliding plate 70 can tighten the sliding plate 70 to prevent the sliding plate 70 from shifting due to vibration and ensure the stability of the fixed jaw plate 1 position during crushing.

[0033] In some further embodiments, the bottom of the fixed jaw plate 1 is provided with a hinge shaft 7, and both ends of the hinge shaft 7 are rotatably connected to the sliding plate 70.

[0034] The bottom of the fixed jaw plate 1 is rotatably connected to the sliding plate 70 via a hinge shaft 7, with both ends of the hinge shaft 7 engaging with mounting holes on the sliding plate 70. For example, the hinge shaft 7 adopts a stepped shaft structure, with the shaft shoulder engaging with the mounting holes to achieve axial positioning, ensuring that the fixed jaw plate 1 rotates smoothly around the hinge shaft 7. This connection method allows the fixed jaw plate 1 to rotate freely around the hinge shaft 7 when adjusting the angle, while the strength design of the hinge shaft 7 can withstand the impact load during the crushing process, avoiding deformation or breakage due to long-term use.

[0035] In some further embodiments, the fixed jaw plate 1 is provided with a first vertical crushing groove 8 on the side facing the movable jaw plate 2, and the movable jaw plate 2 is provided with a second vertical crushing groove 20 on the side facing the fixed jaw plate 1.

[0036] A first vertical crushing groove 8 and a second vertical crushing groove 20 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the fixed jaw plate 1 and the movable jaw plate 2. The two grooves interlock to form a crushing tooth surface. For example, the crushing groove is designed as a trapezoidal or triangular structure, with the groove width gradually decreasing along the bottom direction, so that the material is subjected to gradually increasing compressive force during the crushing process. When the movable jaw plate 2 reciprocates, the material is repeatedly squeezed and sheared between the two crushing grooves, eventually reaching the required particle size. The vertical groove structure is beneficial to the crushing of materials and ensures crushing efficiency.

[0037] In some further embodiments, the bottom of the first vertical crushing trough 8 is provided with a sliding cavity; a sliding frame is provided in the sliding cavity, and a vibration motor 91 is provided on the sliding frame.

[0038] A sliding cavity is formed at the bottom of the first vertical crushing trough 8 of the fixed jaw plate 1, with a built-in sliding frame. The vibration motor 91 is fixed to the sliding frame. For example, the sliding frame is connected to the sliding cavity by a spring. When the vibration motor 91 is working, it drives the crushing trough to generate high-frequency micro-vibration through the sliding frame, causing the material adhering to the trough wall to fall off. Vibration can also promote the flow of material in the crushing chamber 5, improving crushing efficiency. The frequency of the vibration motor 91 can be adjusted by a controller to adapt to the characteristics of different materials.

[0039] The vibration of the sliding frame will shake off some wet and sticky debris to prevent excessive material from adhering and accumulating, causing blockages.

[0040] The sliding frame includes sliding rods 9 and connecting plates 90. The sliding rods 9 are slidably disposed in the sliding cavity. There are two connecting plates 90 and multiple sliding rods 9. The two connecting plates 90 respectively connect to the two ends of the multiple sliding rods 9. The vibration motor 91 is disposed on the connecting plate 90.

[0041] The inner diameter of the sliding cavity is larger than the outer diameter of the sliding rod 9.

[0042] In some further embodiments, the fixed jaw plate 1 is provided with an air intake channel 100, one end of which opens into the sliding cavity, and the other end opens on the side of the fixed jaw plate 1 facing away from the movable jaw plate 2. An air intake pipe is provided on the opening of the fixed jaw plate 1 on the side facing away from the movable jaw plate 2.

[0043] The air intake channel 100 is arranged at an angle along the thickness direction of the fixed jaw plate 1, so that the airflow is directly injected to the bottom of the crushing tank.

[0044] When the air inlet pipe is ventilated, the airflow can blow air into the sliding chamber and also into the crushing chamber 5 to avoid material accumulation and blockage.

[0045] In some further embodiments, the end of the intake pipe away from the intake channel 100 is connected to an air source device, and a pulse valve is provided on the intake pipe.

[0046] The airflow is injected in the form of pulses, and the pulse interval and duration can be adjusted by PLC programming to balance the unblocking effect and energy consumption; at the same time, it has a stronger instantaneous impact force to ensure the efficiency of unblocking.

[0047] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An abrasive crushing device, characterized in that, It includes a fixed jaw plate (1) and a movable jaw plate (2). The lower end of the fixed jaw plate (1) is hinged between two guard plates (3). The movable jaw plate (2), the fixed jaw plate (1) and the two guard plates (3) form a crushing chamber (5). The fixed jaw plate (1) is provided with a first locking tooth (10) on the side facing away from the movable jaw plate (2). The guard plate (3) is provided with a second locking tooth (61) for engaging with the first locking tooth (10) to lock the rotation angle of the fixed jaw plate (1).

2. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guard plate (3) is provided with a vertical groove (6) on the side of the fixed jaw plate (1) facing away from the movable jaw plate (2). A sliding block (60) is slidably provided in the vertical groove (6), and the second locking tooth (61) is provided on the sliding block (60).

3. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guard plate (3) is provided with a transverse sliding groove (73), and a sliding plate (70) is provided in the transverse sliding groove (73). The fixed jaw plate (1) is rotatably connected to the sliding plate (70). An adjusting screw (71) is provided on the guard plate (3) along the sliding direction of the transverse sliding groove (73). The adjusting screw (71) is screwed to the sliding plate (70). The sliding plate (70) is also provided with an abutment bolt (72). One end of the abutment bolt (72) is located inside the transverse sliding groove (73), and the other end is located outside the transverse sliding groove (73).

4. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixed jaw plate (1) is provided with a hinge shaft (7), and the two ends of the hinge shaft (7) are rotatably connected to the sliding plate (70).

5. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed jaw plate (1) has a first vertical crushing groove (8) on the side facing the movable jaw plate (2), and the movable jaw plate (2) has a second vertical crushing groove (20) on the side facing the fixed jaw plate (1).

6. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the first vertical crushing trough (8) is provided with a sliding cavity; a sliding frame is provided in the sliding cavity, and a vibration motor (91) is provided on the sliding frame.

7. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixed jaw plate (1) is provided with an air intake channel (100). One end of the air intake channel (100) is open to the sliding cavity, and the other end is open on the side of the fixed jaw plate (1) facing away from the movable jaw plate (2). The air intake channel (100) is provided with an air intake pipe on the opening of the fixed jaw plate (1) facing away from the movable jaw plate (2).

8. The abrasive crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end of the air intake pipe away from the air intake channel (100) is connected to the air source device, and a pulse valve is provided on the air intake pipe.

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