A pre-buried bolt cable support for a tunnel

Abstract

This utility model discloses a pre-embedded bolt cable bracket for tunnels, comprising a bracket body, which includes a column and cable supports. The column extends vertically, and the cable supports extend horizontally into the tunnel in a direction perpendicular to the cable routing. The column is connected to the tunnel wall via pre-embedded bolts. The column can be an integrated or split structure. One or more cable supports are provided, spaced apart vertically, and are detachably connected to the column. Using this structure, the cable bracket's installation adaptability, seismic and fatigue resistance, and maintenance and expansion flexibility are greatly improved. It can adapt to the cable bracket installation needs of tunnels of different specifications and shapes, has low maintenance costs, and allows for rapid expansion of vertical arrangement space according to actual needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel power equipment technology, specifically to a pre-embedded bolt cable bracket for tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Cable supports within tunnels are an important component of the tunnel's power transmission and information transmission systems. Their main function is to provide safe, reliable, and orderly support and protection for cables and various signal cables, ensuring the stable operation of the entire tunnel's power and information systems and the safety of the tunnel. Traditional tunnel cable supports mostly use welding or expansion bolts for installation, which has the following significant drawbacks: 1. Insufficient installation adaptability: When the tunnel wall surface is uneven, rigid supports cannot fully fit the wall surface, resulting in uneven bolt stress. Under long-term vibration, they are prone to loosening and falling off. Furthermore, rigid supports may intrude too much into the tunnel's interior space, or the height of the supports may be reduced to avoid this intrusion, affecting cable arrangement. 2. Poor seismic and fatigue resistance: The continuous vibration generated by trains in subway and railway tunnels, coupled with the lack of buffering structures in traditional supports, easily leads to bolt fatigue fracture. Simultaneously, the combined effect of concrete shrinkage and vibration can easily create micro-gaps between the tunnel wall structure and embedded parts, causing a decrease in the tensile strength of the embedded part-concrete interface. This can lead to failure of the support fixing structure, resulting in the risk of collapse of the supports and the cables they support. 3. Poor maintenance and expansion flexibility: When welded or integral supports are damaged, they must be completely removed, resulting in high replacement costs and affecting tunnel safety. When the number of cable layers increases, traditional supports cannot quickly expand the vertical arrangement space.

[0003] Existing technologies also include custom-designed supports with the same structure as the tunnel wall to ensure a good fit between the support and the tunnel wall, such as Chinese Patent CN104265306A (application number: 201410369723.9, patent name: a municipal shield tunnel). Other technologies use pre-embedded vertical connection structures to ensure the overall connection strength between the support and the tunnel wall structure, such as Chinese Patent CN108457302A (application number: 201810218308.1, patent name: bolt-jointed, bendable, fully prefabricated open-cut cable tunnel). However, these custom-designed supports are costly, have poor versatility, and both custom-designed supports and supports with pre-embedded vertical connection structures still suffer from poor maintainability and expandability.

[0004] This shows that existing technologies still have certain shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pre-embedded bolt cable bracket for tunnels, which solves the problems of insufficient installation adaptability, poor seismic and fatigue resistance, and poor maintenance and expansion flexibility of existing cable brackets.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a pre-embedded bolt cable bracket for tunnels, comprising a bracket body, the bracket body including a column and cable support arms, the column extending vertically, and the cable support arms extending horizontally toward the tunnel interior in a direction perpendicular to the cable routing. The column is connected to the tunnel wall via a pre-embedded bolt structure. The column adopts a split structure, and one or more cable support arms are provided, with multiple cable support arms spaced apart vertically. The cable support arms are detachably connected to the column.

[0007] In the above solution, the column adopts a split structure, which makes it easy to adapt to changes in the shape of the tunnel wall structure during the installation process. It can reduce or eliminate the gap between the column and the tunnel wall, improve the space utilization inside the tunnel, and avoid the support structure from intruding too much into the tunnel, which would reduce the passable space inside the tunnel. Moreover, the split structure of the column can greatly improve the versatility of the cable bracket in this application, and can adapt to the cable bearing requirements of tunnels of different shapes and specifications.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the column includes multiple connecting segments, and adjacent connecting segments are detachably connected and can be deflected relative to each other.

[0009] In the above scheme, the detachable connection between adjacent connecting segments facilitates later maintenance and replacement, reducing maintenance difficulty and costs. Simultaneously, the connections between adjacent segments provide mutual support, enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity of the column structure compared to intermittent segmentation. The relative deflection between adjacent connecting segments facilitates adaptation to the tunnel wall structure and provides a buffer for each connecting segment, reducing the impact of vibrations generated by trains / vehicles passing through the tunnel on the stability of the column connection structure.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the multiple connection segments are divided into multiple different specification groups, and the lengths of the connection segments in the different specification groups are different.

[0011] In the above scheme, setting connection segments of different lengths can better adapt to changes in tunnel specifications and tunnel wall shape, further improving the adaptability and versatility of the columns to tunnel structures.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the column is provided with a plurality of mating holes that are connected to the pre-embedded bolt structure, and the plurality of mating holes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the column.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the pre-embedded bolt structure includes a bolt sleeve pre-embedded inside the tunnel wall and a bolt that mates with the bolt sleeve; the bolt sleeve includes a head and a mating part connected to the head, the mating part is cylindrical and a threaded hole that mates with the bolt is provided at one end of the mating part away from the head, the threaded hole extends axially along the mating part and the length of the threaded hole is not less than the length of the bolt thread, the diameter of the head is greater than the diameter of the mating part, and a buffer connection part is provided on the side of the head that connects with the mating part.

[0014] In the above scheme, the use of pre-embedded bolt structure avoids welding during the installation process, which improves installation efficiency and reduces energy consumption. At the same time, the connection between the bolt sleeve and the bolt in the above structure is reliable. The setting of the buffer connection part can also reduce stress concentration between the head and the mating part, avoid cracking between the head and the mating part, and improve the tensile strength of the sleeve.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the bolt sleeve is a 316 stainless steel sleeve.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the diameter of the mating part is not greater than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the head, the diameter of the threaded hole is not greater than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the mating part, and the buffer connection part has a 135° included angle with the mating part.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the bolt sleeve is further provided with a tensile structure, which includes a plurality of tensile barbs disposed on the outer wall of the mating part. The plurality of tensile barbs are disposed around the circumference of the mating part and arranged along the axial direction of the mating part.

[0018] In the above scheme, the addition of a tensile structure can improve the bonding ability between the bolt sleeve and the tunnel concrete structure, and reduce the impact of concrete shrinkage on the stability of the bolt sleeve installation.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the pre-embedded bolt structure further includes a positioning plate, which is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for positioning and installing the bolt sleeve, and the plurality of positioning holes are distributed at intervals on the positioning plate.

[0020] In the above scheme, by setting a positioning plate, it is not only convenient to position and install the bolt sleeve, thus improving the installation efficiency, but also to further improve the connection strength between the bolt sleeve and the tunnel concrete wall, thereby improving the stability of the column connection structure.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the side of the column facing the tunnel interior is provided with an installation groove, and the end of the cable support arm facing the column is provided with an installation part. At least a portion of the installation part extends into the installation groove and cooperates with the installation groove. The sidewall of the installation groove and the side of the installation part are provided with corresponding installation holes.

[0022] In the above solution, compared with the traditional connection structure, the cooperation between the mounting part and the mounting groove can improve the torsional resistance of the bracket in the direction of cable extension, thereby effectively limiting the bracket in both the vertical and horizontal directions, improving the stability of the connection structure between the bracket and the column, which is conducive to improving the load-bearing capacity of the bracket and ensuring the load-bearing safety of the bracket when carrying cables. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pre-embedded bolt cable support structure for a tunnel, as shown in the example.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of a bolt and bolt sleeve in an example.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt and bolt sleeve mating structure in another example;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the pre-embedded bolt sleeve and the positioning plate in an example.

[0028] List of components and reference numerals:

[0029] 1 column, 11 mounting slots, 12 mounting holes;

[0030] 2 cable support arms;

[0031] 31 Bolt sleeve, 311 Head, 312 Mating part, 3121 Tensile barb, 313 Buffer connection part, 314 Threaded hole, 32 Bolt, 33 Positioning plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this utility model, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this application discloses a cable bracket with pre-embedded bolts 32 for tunnels, which includes a bracket body and a pre-embedded bolt 32 structure. The bracket body includes a column 1 and a cable support arm 2. The column 1 extends vertically, and the cable support arm 2 extends horizontally toward the inside of the tunnel in a direction perpendicular to the cable direction. The column 1 is connected to the tunnel wall through the pre-embedded bolt 32 structure. The column 1 adopts a split structure. One or more cable support arms 2 are provided. Multiple cable support arms 2 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The cable support arms 2 are detachably connected to the column 1.

[0035] In the above scheme, the column 1 adopts a split structure, which makes it easy to adapt to changes in the shape of the tunnel wall structure during the installation of the column 1. It can reduce or eliminate the gap between the column 1 and the tunnel wall, improve the space utilization rate inside the tunnel, and avoid the support structure from intruding too much into the tunnel, which would reduce the passable space inside the tunnel. Moreover, the split structure of the column 1 can greatly improve the versatility of the cable support in this application, and can adapt to the cable bearing requirements of tunnels of different shapes and specifications.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, column 1 comprises multiple connecting segments, with detachable connections between adjacent segments that can be relatively deflected. This arrangement facilitates future maintenance and replacement, reducing maintenance difficulty and costs. Simultaneously, the connections between adjacent segments provide mutual support, enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity of column 1 compared to a segmented configuration. The relative deflection between adjacent connecting segments allows for better adaptation to the tunnel wall structure and provides a buffer for each segment, reducing the impact of vibrations from trains / vehicles passing through the tunnel on the stability of column 1's connection structure.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this example, the multiple connecting segments are divided into multiple different specification groups. The lengths of the connecting segments within different specification groups are different. Setting connecting segments of different lengths can better adapt to changes in tunnel specifications and tunnel wall shapes, further improving the adaptability and versatility of the column 1 for tunnel structures. For example, for tunnels with small structural dimensions and vertical walls, a single long connecting segment can meet the installation requirements. For tunnels with slightly larger structural dimensions and curved walls, a single long connecting segment combined with one or more short connecting segments can meet the installation requirements, or multiple short connecting segments can meet the installation requirements.

[0038] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the column 1 has multiple mating holes on the side facing the tunnel wall for connecting with the pre-embedded bolts 32, and these holes are spaced apart along the extension direction of the column 1. The multiple mating holes enhance the flexibility of the connection between the column 1 and the pre-embedded bolts 32, facilitating the installation and fixing of the column 1. In a preferred embodiment of this application, the mating holes can be round holes with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the bolt 32 thread, or they can be strip-shaped holes to facilitate adjustment of the position and orientation of the connection with the pre-embedded bolts 32. This application does not impose any specific limitations on these options.

[0039] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pre-embedded bolt 32 structure includes a bolt sleeve 31 pre-embedded inside the tunnel wall and a bolt 32 that mates with the bolt sleeve 31. The bolt sleeve 31 includes a head 311 and a mating part 312 connected to the head 311. The mating part 312 is cylindrical, and a threaded hole 314 that mates with the bolt 32 is provided at one end of the mating part 312 away from the head 311. The threaded hole 314 extends axially along the mating part 312, and the length of the threaded hole 314 is not less than the length of the bolt shank of the bolt 32. The diameter of the head 311 is larger than the diameter of the mating part 312. A buffer connection part 313 is provided on the side of the head 311 that connects to the mating part 312, making the head 311 generally conical. Preferably, it also includes a positioning plate 33, which has a plurality of positioning holes for positioning and installing the bolt sleeve 31. The plurality of positioning holes are spaced apart on the positioning plate 33.

[0040] In the above scheme, the use of pre-embedded bolts 32 avoids welding during installation, improving installation efficiency while reducing energy consumption. Simultaneously, the connection between the bolt sleeve 31 and the bolt 32 in the above structure is reliable. The buffer connection part 313 also reduces stress concentration between the head 311 and the mating part 312, preventing cracking and improving the tensile strength of the sleeve. Furthermore, the positioning plate 33 facilitates the positioning and installation of the bolt sleeve 31, improving installation efficiency. It also allows for the arrangement of different numbers and positions of bolt sleeves 31, making it suitable for complex group anchoring conditions, offering higher precision, and applicable to cast-in-place concrete. Additionally, it further enhances the connection strength between the bolt sleeve 31 and the tunnel concrete wall, improving the stability of the column 1 connection structure.

[0041] In a preferred example, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the diameter of the mating part 312 is not greater than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the head 311, the diameter of the threaded hole 314 is not greater than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the mating part 312, and the buffer connection part 313 has a 135° angle with the mating part 312. Meanwhile, the bolt sleeve 31 is a bolt sleeve 31 made of 316 stainless steel. Using this example structure, the tensile strength of the bolt sleeve 31 is improved by increasing the diameter of the head 311, and the structural strength of the threaded hole 314 section of the mating part 312 is ensured by limiting the proportion of the threaded hole 314 diameter to the mating part 312 diameter. This avoids problems such as cracking after the threaded hole 314 section is mated with the bolt 32 screw due to excessively thin wall thickness. The buffer connection part 313 adopts a 135° included angle, which facilitates processing and effectively avoids stress concentration. The bolt sleeve 31 is made of 316 stainless steel, which meets the A4-70 performance level requirements, ensuring that the bolt sleeve 31 has sufficient tensile strength, yield strength and hardness, and ensuring the stability of the connection between the column 1 and even the entire support and the tunnel wall.

[0042] It should be noted that the structure of the bolt sleeve 31 in this application is not limited to the above example. The above example is only a preferred example of this application. In another example, refer to... Figure 3 As shown, the bolt sleeve 31 is also provided with a tensile structure, which includes multiple tensile barbs 3121 disposed on the outer wall of the mating part 312. The multiple tensile barbs 3121 are arranged around the circumference of the mating part 312 and along the axial direction of the mating part 312. The tensile structure can improve the bonding ability between the bolt sleeve 31 and the tunnel concrete structure and reduce the impact of concrete shrinkage on the installation stability of the bolt sleeve 31. Of course, it can also adopt other different structures. The bolt sleeve 31 can also be made of hot-dip galvanized steel, multi-alloy co-diffusion steel, Dacromet steel, 304 stainless steel, etc. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0043] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1As shown, a mounting groove 11 is provided on the side of the column 1 facing the tunnel interior, and a mounting part is provided on the end of the cable support arm 2 facing the column 1. At least a portion of the mounting part extends into the mounting groove 11 and engages with it. Corresponding mounting holes 12 are provided on the sidewall of the mounting groove 11 and the side of the mounting part. Furthermore, multiple mounting holes 12 are provided on the sidewall of the mounting groove 11 along its extension direction. With this arrangement, the cable support arm 2 is vertically limited by the mounting holes 12 on the sidewall of the mounting groove 11 and the sidewall of the mounting part, in conjunction with fasteners such as bolts 32. The multiple mounting holes 12 facilitate adjustment of the installation position of the cable support arm 2 according to actual needs, greatly improving the flexibility of the cable support arm 2 installation and better adapting to cable routing requirements. Meanwhile, the cooperation between the mounting part and the mounting groove 11 can enhance the torsional resistance of the bracket in the direction of cable extension, thereby effectively limiting the bracket in both the vertical and horizontal directions, improving the stability of the connection structure between the bracket and the column 1, which is conducive to improving the load-bearing capacity of the bracket and ensuring the load-bearing safety of the bracket when carrying cables.

[0044] It should also be noted that the cooperation structure between the cable support arm 2 and the column 1 in this application is not limited to the above example. The above example is only a preferred example of this application. Other different connection methods and connection structures can also be used. This application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0045] The technical solutions protected by this utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. It should be noted that any combination of the technical solutions of any embodiment with one or more other embodiments is within the protection scope of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this utility model are within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A pre-embedded bolt cable bracket for tunnels, characterized in that, The system includes a support body, which comprises a column and cable support arms. The column extends vertically, and the cable support arms extend horizontally toward the tunnel interior in a direction perpendicular to the cable routing. The column is connected to the tunnel wall via pre-embedded bolts. The column has a split structure. One or more cable support arms are provided, and the cable support arms are spaced apart vertically. The cable support arms are detachably connected to the column.

2. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The column includes multiple connecting segments, and adjacent connecting segments are detachably connected and can be deflected relative to each other.

3. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The multiple connection segments are divided into multiple different specification groups, and the length of the connection segments in the different specification groups is different.

4. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The column has multiple mating holes that connect with the pre-embedded bolt structure, and the multiple mating holes are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the column.

5. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-embedded bolt structure includes a bolt sleeve pre-embedded inside the tunnel wall and a bolt that mates with the bolt sleeve; the bolt sleeve includes a head and a mating part connected to the head, the mating part is cylindrical and a threaded hole that mates with the bolt is provided at one end of the mating part away from the head, the threaded hole extends axially along the mating part and the length of the threaded hole is not less than the length of the bolt thread, the diameter of the head is larger than the diameter of the mating part, and a buffer connection part is provided on the side of the head that connects with the mating part.

6. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bolt sleeve is made of 316 stainless steel.

7. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the mating part is not greater than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the head, the diameter of the threaded hole is not greater than 2 / 3 of the diameter of the mating part, and the buffer connection part has a 135° angle with the mating part.

8. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The bolt sleeve is also provided with a tensile structure, which includes a plurality of tensile barbs disposed on the outer wall of the mating part. The plurality of tensile barbs are disposed around the circumference of the mating part and arranged along the axial direction of the mating part.

9. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The pre-embedded bolt structure also includes a positioning plate, which has a plurality of positioning holes for positioning and installing the bolt sleeve, and the plurality of positioning holes are distributed at intervals on the positioning plate.

10. The tunnel pre-embedded bolt cable bracket as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The column has an installation groove on the side facing the tunnel interior, and the cable support arm has an installation part on the end facing the column. At least a part of the installation part extends into the installation groove and cooperates with the installation groove. The side wall of the installation groove and the side of the installation part are provided with corresponding installation holes.

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