Coal tar heating and dehydration device
By heating coal tar with steam generated from the waste heat boiler of the semi-coke furnace, and combining it with the pressure reduction of the induced draft fan and the separation by the condenser, the problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency of existing coal tar dehydration equipment are solved, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly dehydration and resource utilization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FUGUJINGFU COAL CHEM CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing coal tar dehydration equipment has high energy consumption, low thermal and dehydration efficiency, and long dehydration time, resulting in high dehydration costs.
Steam generated from the waste heat boiler of the semi-coke furnace is used to heat the coal tar, and the pressure is reduced by an induced draft fan. Combined with a condenser and an oil-water separator, rapid dehydration is achieved. The carbonization furnace is used to burn volatile oils, recover easily liquefied oils, and purify water resources for reuse.
It reduced energy consumption, improved dehydration efficiency, reduced environmental pollution, saved costs, and increased the yield of coal tar products and the utilization rate of water resources.
Smart Images
Figure CN224404385U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal tar treatment technology, and in particular to a coal tar heating and dehydration device. Background Technology
[0002] Coal tar is a black or dark brown viscous liquid with a pungent odor, produced during the dry distillation of coal. Based on the distillation temperature, coal tar can be classified into low-temperature coal tar, medium-temperature coal tar, and high-temperature coal tar. Coal tar is generally used as a raw material for processing and refining to produce various chemical products. It can also be used directly, such as as a component in the binder of industrial briquettes, coke, and coal-based activated carbon. Furthermore, it can be used as a raw material for fuel oil, blast furnace injection fuel, wood preservative oil, and carbon black.
[0003] Coal tar obtained in coke production is high-temperature coal tar, a product of coke oven gas purification obtained through condensation and separation during the cooling process of crude coal gas. It has a high water content (typically above 5%), which negatively impacts its subsequent processing and utilization. Therefore, before using coal tar to produce various chemical products, it generally needs to be dehydrated to reduce heat consumption in subsequent distillation processes, increase equipment capacity, reduce system resistance in continuous distillation heating, and also reduce the content of fixed ammonium salts in the coal tar. Current coal tar dehydration methods typically employ static heating dehydration, the principle of which is that under heating conditions, coal tar and water naturally separate due to their different densities, with some water separating from the coal tar. This method can remove some moisture and impurities, homogenizing the coal tar. However, in actual production, heating and settling coal tar in a storage tank for dehydration requires maintaining the coal tar temperature at 70-80℃ and settling for at least 36 hours to reduce its water content to below 3%. While heating the coal tar to 90-95℃ facilitates rapid separation of water from the emulsion, excessively high temperatures can lead to the loss of light oil and the evaporation of naphthalene. Furthermore, existing dehydration equipment often uses electric heating or hot water / thermal oil, resulting in high energy consumption, low thermal and dehydration efficiency, slow dehydration, and prolonged processing time, leading to high dehydration costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model provides a coal tar heating and dehydration device to solve the problems of high energy consumption, low thermal efficiency and dehydration efficiency, slow dehydration and long time consumption in existing dehydration equipment, resulting in high dehydration costs.
[0005] This utility model provides a coal tar heating and dehydration device, comprising: an oil storage tank, inside which is a heating coil; the steam inlet of the heating coil is connected to a semi-coke furnace waste heat boiler via a steam pipe, the steam outlet of the heating coil is connected to a condensate storage tank via a return water pipe, and the exhaust port on the condensate storage tank is connected to the semi-coke furnace waste heat boiler; the top of the oil storage tank is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the oil storage tank is provided with an oil outlet; a breather valve is also provided on one side of the top of the oil storage tank, the outlet of the breather valve is connected to the inlet of an induced draft fan via a fully sealed pipe, and the outlet of the induced draft fan is connected to a carbonization furnace via a pipe.
[0006] Preferably, a condenser is provided between the breather valve and the induced draft fan; the outlet of the breather valve is connected to the hot material inlet of the condenser, a non-condensable gas outlet is provided at the top of the condenser, and the non-condensable gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan; the hot material outlet of the condenser is connected to the oil-water separator.
[0007] Preferably, the outlet of the oil-water separator is connected to the wastewater storage tank via a pipe, the oil outlet of the oil-water separator is connected to the oil return port on the upper side wall of the oil storage tank via a pipe, and the exhaust port at the top of the oil-water separator is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan.
[0008] Preferably, the heating coil inside the oil storage tank is located near the inner wall of the oil storage tank; the steam inlet of the heating coil is located at the upper end of the steam outlet.
[0009] Preferably, the heating coil is located at the bottom of the oil storage tank and adopts a welded connection structure; the heating coil is made of stainless steel.
[0010] Preferably, there are at least two sets of heating coils, and each set of heating coils is arranged in parallel, one above the other.
[0011] Preferably, multiple supports are provided below the heating coil, and the supports are welded to the inner wall of the oil storage tank; the heating coil is inclined downward along the steam flow direction.
[0012] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed in the oil storage tank; a regulating valve is installed on the steam pipeline; and the temperature sensor and the regulating valve are interlocked.
[0013] Preferably, a moisture content detector is installed in the oil storage tank.
[0014] The coal tar heating and dehydration device provided by this utility model utilizes waste heat from a semi-coke oven waste heat boiler to generate steam, which is then used to heat the coal tar in the storage tank, saving energy consumption for heating and reducing costs. Simultaneously, while the steam is continuously heating, the device uses an induced draft fan to reduce the pressure in the storage tank, lowering the boiling point for water evaporation, thus improving the efficiency of water removal from the coal tar and achieving a good dehydration effect.
[0015] This device sends the separated water into a carbonization furnace to burn off the volatile oils carried within, preventing environmental pollution and making it environmentally friendly. Additionally, the device condenses and liquefies the separated water, recovering some of the liquefiable oils and improving the coal tar yield. Both the steam condensate and the condensed water in this device can be purified and reused, saving water costs and achieving full utilization of water resources.
[0016] The heating coils in the oil storage tank of this device are arranged in multiple sets in parallel, and are located at the bottom of the oil storage tank and close to the inner wall of the tank. This can avoid water hammer, reduce heat loss, improve heat exchange efficiency, enhance heat exchange effect, extend its use and maintenance cycle, and reduce use and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coal tar heating and dehydration device provided in one embodiment of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coal tar heating and dehydration device provided for another embodiment of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oil storage tank provided in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0022] 1-Oil storage tank, 2-Waste heat boiler for semi-coke oven, 3-Condensate storage tank, 4-Breath valve, 5-Induced draft fan, 6-Carbonization furnace, 7-Condenser, 8-Oil-water separator, 9-Wastewater storage tank, 10-Temperature sensor, 11-Regulating valve, 12-Moisture content detector, 101-Heating coil, 102-Steam inlet, 103-Steam outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0024] like Figure 1 This utility model provides a coal tar heating and dehydration device, comprising: an oil storage tank 1, with a heating coil 101 inside the oil storage tank 1; the steam inlet 102 of the heating coil 101 is connected to the waste heat boiler 2 of the semi-coke furnace through a steam pipe, the steam outlet 103 of the heating coil 101 is connected to the condensate storage tank 3 through a return water pipe, and the exhaust port on the condensate storage tank 3 is connected to the waste heat boiler 2 of the semi-coke furnace; the top of the oil storage tank 1 is provided with a feed inlet, and the bottom of the oil storage tank 1 is provided with an oil outlet; a breather valve 4 is also provided on one side of the top of the oil storage tank 1, the outlet of the breather valve 4 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 5 through a fully sealed pipe, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 5 is connected to the carbonization furnace 6 through a pipe.
[0025] Coal tar with high water content is fed into oil storage tank 1 through the feed inlet for subsequent dehydration. Steam from the waste heat boiler 2 of the semi-coke oven is introduced into the heating coil 101. The induced draft fan 5 is turned on, and the steam and coal tar exchange heat on both sides of the heating coil 101, heating the coal tar to 80-95℃. The induced draft fan 5 reduces the pressure of oil storage tank 1 through the breather valve 4. With the cooperation of these two factors, the water in the coal tar is quickly evaporated and removed. The removed water is discharged from oil storage tank 1 through the breather valve 4. The evaporated water contains volatile oils and other substances, which are sent to the carbonization furnace 6 for recycling and reuse after passing through the induced draft fan 5. The water content of the dehydrated coal tar is significantly reduced, and it is temporarily stored in oil storage tank 1. When it is to be processed or loaded onto trucks, it will be discharged through the oil outlet at the bottom of oil storage tank 1. Steam continuously exchanges heat with the external coal tar through the heating coil 101 via the tube wall, keeping the coal tar at a high temperature. This evaporates the water in the coal tar into a gaseous state, which is then discharged from the breather valve 4. The condensate formed after the steam heat exchange is sent to the condensate storage tank 3 through the return water pipe for reuse. The unliquefied steam is sent back to the semi-coke oven waste heat boiler 2 for reheating and reuse.
[0026] This device utilizes the waste heat boiler 2 from the semi-coke oven as the steam supply equipment, while the oil storage tank 1 is used for heating and static separation of coal tar. The induced draft fan 5 facilitates pressure reduction and extraction of internal moisture from the oil storage tank 1. Continuous steam heating maintains the coal tar temperature at a relatively high level, increasing its fluidity. Simultaneously, the continuous pressure reduction by the induced draft fan 5 lowers the boiling point of water evaporation, thus improving the efficiency of water removal from the coal tar, reducing energy consumption, and achieving good dehydration results. The carbonization furnace 6 burns the water extracted by the induced draft fan 5, preventing the volatile oils from polluting the environment, making it environmentally friendly. The waste heat boiler 2 from the semi-coke oven fully collects and utilizes the waste heat from production, using the steam generated from this waste heat for heating and dehydration. Compared to electric heating or thermal oil heating, this method does not consume additional energy, saving costs, reducing energy consumption, and lowering the overall operating cost of the device.
[0027] like Figure 2 In one embodiment, a condenser 7 is provided between the breather valve 4 and the induced draft fan 5; the outlet of the breather valve 4 is connected to the hot material inlet of the condenser 7, a non-condensable gas outlet is provided at the top of the condenser 7, and the non-condensable gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 5; the hot material outlet of the condenser 7 is connected to the oil-water separator 8.
[0028] like Figure 2 In one embodiment, the outlet of the oil-water separator 8 is connected to the wastewater storage tank 9 via a pipe, the oil outlet of the oil-water separator 8 is connected to the oil return port on the upper side wall of the oil storage tank 1 via a pipe, and the exhaust port at the top of the oil-water separator 8 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 5.
[0029] During the coal tar heating and dehydration process in oil storage tank 1, some volatile oils are drawn out along with the water through breather valve 4. A condenser 7 is installed to cool the oil, allowing the water and entrained oil to liquefy. Oil and water are then separated in oil-water separator 8. The water is sent to wastewater storage tank 9, while the oil returns to oil storage tank 1 through the return port, improving the coal tar product yield. Non-condensable gases from condenser 7 and oil-water separator 8 are then sent to carbonization furnace 6 for combustion, preventing direct emissions and environmental pollution, and improving resource utilization. To conserve water, the water in condensate storage tank 3 and wastewater storage tank 9 can be purified using common methods in the field, such as filtration, sedimentation, and adsorption. After purification, the water can be reheated in the semi-coke furnace waste heat boiler 2 to form steam for reuse in the device, or used in other water-using units, achieving full utilization of water resources.
[0030] like Figure 3In one embodiment, the heating coil 101 inside the oil storage tank 1 is located near the inner wall of the oil storage tank 1; the steam inlet 102 of the heating coil 101 is located at the upper end of the steam outlet 103. The heat loss of the oil storage tank 1 mainly occurs in the tank wall, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of the dehydration process and increases energy consumption. Therefore, the heating coil 101 is placed as close to the tank wall as possible to ensure the overall heating effect. To avoid water hammer or blockage, steam is introduced from the upper end and condensate is discharged from the lower end when using the heating coil 101. The size of the oil storage tank 1 can be set according to actual needs. The heating coil 101 can be bent into the required shape according to the internal structure of the oil storage tank 1; no specific limitation is made here. Steam flows inside the heating coil 101 to achieve heat exchange between steam and coal tar, thereby achieving the purpose of maintaining or heating the coal tar.
[0031] In one embodiment, the heating coil 101 is located at the lower part of the oil storage tank 1 and is constructed using a welded connection structure; the heating coil 101 is made of stainless steel. Coal tar mainly deposits at the lower part of the oil storage tank 1, therefore, positioning the heating coil 101 at a lower position facilitates heating and improves the heating effect. The preferred diameter of the heating coil 101 is DN25-50. Welding reduces the possibility of leakage and ensures the quality of the heating coil 101. Furthermore, the shape of the heating coil 101 can be appropriately modified to avoid other components inside the oil storage tank 1. Coal tar has a high water content and is highly corrosive. To prevent corrosion of the heating coil 101 and to prevent leakage, the heating coil 101 is made of stainless steel, reducing the corrosion rate, extending the service and maintenance cycle of the heating coil 101, and lowering the use and maintenance costs.
[0032] like Figure 3 In one embodiment, at least two sets of heating coils 101 are provided, with each set of heating coils 101 arranged in parallel, one above the other. The oil storage tank 1 is typically large, requiring long pipes for the heating coils 101, which places relatively high demands on steam pressure. Furthermore, when the number of coils in the heating coils 101 is large, the condensate from steam condensation can easily form internal water accumulation, causing water hammer and affecting the heating effect. Therefore, using multiple sets of heating coils 101 arranged in parallel, one above the other, reduces the number of coils in a single set, avoids water hammer, and enhances heat exchange. After dehydration, a small amount of steam can still be introduced into the heating coils 101 for insulation, reducing the viscosity of the coal tar, facilitating loading, and avoiding the problem of coal tar condensation preventing loading in winter. This improves the convenience and thoroughness of coal tar discharge. Preferably, the temperature of the coal tar stored at a constant temperature is controlled at 70-80℃ to maintain its fluidity.
[0033] In one embodiment, multiple supporting brackets (not shown in the drawings) are provided below the heating coil 101, and the brackets are welded to the inner wall of the oil storage tank 1; the heating coil 101 is inclined downward along the steam flow direction. The brackets are conventional structures, mainly used to support the heating coil 101, and can be set at different heights to ensure that the heating coil 101 maintains a consistent slope along the steam flow direction. The downward inclination of the heating coil 101 is more conducive to the drainage of condensate formed after heat exchange.
[0034] like Figure 2 In one embodiment, a temperature sensor 10 is installed in the oil storage tank 1; a regulating valve 11 is installed on the steam pipeline; the temperature sensor 10 and the regulating valve 11 are interlocked. The temperature sensor 10 can detect the temperature of the coal tar to facilitate the control of the dehydration process and thus obtain a better dehydration effect. The regulating valve 11 is used to regulate the steam flow rate in the steam pipeline to facilitate temperature control of the coal tar in the oil storage tank 1. The interlocking arrangement of the temperature sensor 10 and the regulating valve 11 allows the regulating valve 11 to adjust its opening in a timely and automatic manner according to the detection value of the temperature sensor 10, facilitating more precise control of the coal tar dehydration temperature. Specifically, when the reading of the temperature sensor 10 is less than a predetermined temperature range, the regulating valve 11 increases its opening, the steam flow increases, and the coal tar temperature rises; when the reading of the temperature sensor 10 is greater than the predetermined temperature range, the regulating valve 11 decreases its opening, the steam flow decreases, and the coal tar temperature decreases. The predetermined temperature range can be 80-95℃.
[0035] like Figure 2 In one embodiment, a moisture content detector 12 is installed in the oil storage tank 1. The moisture content detector 12 is used to detect the moisture content of the coal tar in the oil storage tank 1, thereby determining whether the coal tar heating and dehydration operation has ended.
[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0037] Example 1
[0038] A coal tar heating and dehydration device is disclosed. In operation, coal tar with high water content is fed into a storage tank 1 through the inlet. Steam from a waste heat boiler 2 of a semi-coke oven is introduced into the heating coil 101 of the storage tank 1 to heat the coal tar to 80-95℃. Simultaneously, an induced draft fan 5 is turned on. The fan 5 depressurizes the storage tank 1 through a breather valve 4, causing the water in the coal tar to evaporate. The evaporated water is then discharged from the storage tank 1 through the breather valve 4 and sent to a carbonization furnace 6 for combustion and reuse after passing through the induced draft fan 5. The dehydrated coal tar is temporarily stored in the storage tank 1. The storage tank 1 has a capacity of 1300 tons, and the dehydration time is reduced by 10 days per tank compared to dehydration using heat transfer oil.
[0039] The heating coil 101 of the oil storage tank 1 is located at the lower part of the oil storage tank 1. It consists of three sections arranged in parallel. The steam inlet 102 of the heating coil 101 is located at the upper end of the steam outlet 103. The heating coil 101 is inclined downward along the steam flow direction. The condensate formed after the steam exchanges heat with the coal tar in the heating coil 101 is sent to the condensate storage tank 3 through the return water pipe for reuse. The unliquefied steam is sent back to the semi-coke oven waste heat boiler 2 for heating and reuse.
[0040] Example 2
[0041] A coal tar heating and dehydration device is disclosed. In operation, coal tar with high water content is fed into an oil storage tank 1 through the inlet. Steam from a waste heat boiler 2 of a semi-coke oven is introduced into the heating coil 101 of the oil storage tank 1 to heat the coal tar to 80-95℃. Simultaneously, an induced draft fan 5 is turned on, and the fan depressurizes the oil storage tank 1 through a breather valve 4. The water in the coal tar evaporates and is discharged from the oil storage tank 1 through the breather valve 4. It is then cooled and liquefied by a condenser 7, and oil and water are separated in an oil-water separator 8. The water is sent to a wastewater storage tank 9, while the oil returns to the oil storage tank 1 through the return port. The non-condensable gases in the condenser 7 and oil-water separator 8 are then sent to a carbonization furnace 6 for combustion after passing through the induced draft fan 5. The dehydrated coal tar is temporarily stored in the oil storage tank 1. The condensate formed after steam heat exchange is sent to a condensate storage tank 3 through a return water pipe for reuse. The unliquefied steam is returned to the waste heat boiler 2 of the semi-coke oven for reheating and reuse.
[0042] A temperature sensor 10 is installed in the oil storage tank 1 to detect the temperature of the coal tar. A regulating valve 11 is installed on the steam pipeline to regulate the steam flow rate. The two are interlocked. When the reading of the temperature sensor 10 is less than a predetermined temperature range, the regulating valve 11 increases its opening, the steam flow rate increases, and the coal tar temperature rises. When the reading of the temperature sensor 10 is greater than the predetermined temperature range, the regulating valve 11 decreases its opening, the steam flow rate decreases, and the coal tar temperature drops. The predetermined temperature range can be 80-95℃.
[0043] The oil storage tank 1 is also equipped with a moisture content detector 12. When the moisture content drops to below 1%, the dehydration is completed. The opening of the regulating valve 11 on the steam pipeline is adjusted to reduce the steam flow and control the temperature of the coal tar at 70-80℃ to maintain fluidity, facilitate discharge and loading, and avoid the problem of coal tar condensing and being unable to be loaded in winter.
[0044] It should be noted that the detailed structure of some devices in this utility model is not described in detail, but belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described again here. In addition, the parts of this device not described are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology.
[0045] It should be noted that those skilled in the art, under the guidance of this utility model, can also make some modifications to the design of the above system. For example, the equipment in the system is also equipped with level gauges, overflow / nitrogen pipelines, etc.; pumps, pressure sensors, flow meters or temperature sensors are installed on the conveying pipelines inside the system in different units or devices, and different valves, such as pressure relief valves, pressure regulating valves, safety valves, pneumatic valves, etc., are also installed to regulate and stabilize the pressure of the entire system, and the opening degree of the valves can also be adjusted to regulate the flow rate of materials in the pipeline, etc.
[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A coal tar heating and dehydration device, characterized in that, include: An oil storage tank is provided, with a heating coil inside. The steam inlet of the heating coil is connected to the waste heat boiler of the semi-coke oven via a steam pipe, and the steam outlet of the heating coil is connected to a condensate storage tank via a return water pipe. The exhaust port on the condensate storage tank is connected to the waste heat boiler of the semi-coke oven. The top of the oil storage tank has a feed inlet, and the bottom of the oil storage tank has an oil outlet. A breather valve is also provided on one side of the top of the oil storage tank. The outlet of the breather valve is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan via a fully sealed pipe, and the outlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the carbonization furnace via a pipe.
2. The coal tar heating and dehydration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A condenser is provided between the breather valve and the induced draft fan; the outlet of the breather valve is connected to the hot material inlet of the condenser, a non-condensable gas outlet is provided at the top of the condenser, and the non-condensable gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan; the hot material outlet of the condenser is connected to the oil-water separator.
3. The coal tar heating and dehydration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outlet of the oil-water separator is connected to the wastewater storage tank via a pipe, the oil outlet of the oil-water separator is connected to the oil return port on the upper side wall of the oil storage tank via a pipe, and the exhaust port at the top of the oil-water separator is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan.
4. The coal tar heating and dehydration apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The heating coil inside the oil storage tank is located near the inner wall of the oil storage tank; the steam inlet of the heating coil is located at the upper end of the steam outlet.
5. The coal tar heating and dehydration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating coil is located at the bottom of the oil storage tank and is connected by welding; the heating coil is made of stainless steel.
6. The coal tar heating and dehydration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating coil is provided in at least two sets, and each set of heating coils is arranged in parallel, one above the other.
7. The coal tar heating and dehydration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple supports are provided below the heating coil, and the supports are welded to the inner wall of the oil storage tank; the heating coil is inclined downward along the steam flow direction.
8. The coal tar heating and dehydration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil storage tank is equipped with a temperature sensor; the steam pipeline is equipped with a regulating valve; the temperature sensor is interlocked with the regulating valve.
9. The coal tar heating and dehydration apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The oil storage tank is equipped with a moisture content detector.