Self-adaptable unmanned vehicle wireless charging pile
By combining a ground-fixed pile, telescopic bracket, torsion spring, and limit bracket with a control circuit, the adaptive matching of the wireless charging pile for unmanned vehicles is achieved, solving the problem of high alignment accuracy requirements and realizing the wireless charging effect of unmanned vehicles that is automatic, low-cost, highly reliable, and easy to integrate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGRAT TECHNOLOGY (SHANGHAI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional wireless charging stations for unmanned vehicles require high alignment accuracy between the transmitting and receiving coils. Positional errors lead to a decrease in the electromagnetic coupling coefficient and a reduction in charging efficiency. Existing adjustment schemes are costly, structurally complex, and require additional sensors and complex control.
The system employs a combination structure of ground-fixed piles, telescopic supports, torsion springs, charging transmitters, and limit supports, along with control circuitry, to achieve adaptive matching of wireless charging piles for unmanned vehicles. Automatic alignment is achieved through flexible mechanisms and passive adjustments, simplifying the mechanical and control systems.
It achieves automatic alignment, low cost, high reliability, can compensate for position and angle errors, self-recover, is easy to integrate and upgrade, has multiple protections, and is highly secure.
Smart Images
Figure CN224408982U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wireless energy transmission technology, and more specifically, to an adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology, autonomous parking of driverless cars has become a reality. However, when a vehicle parks itself at a charging station using its own sensors and algorithms without human control, positional errors in the longitudinal, lateral, and heading angles are inevitable. Traditional fixed wireless charging stations require extremely high alignment precision between the transmitting coil (charging transmitter) and the receiving coil (charging receiver). Significant misalignment can lead to a sharp drop in the electromagnetic coupling coefficient, resulting in a substantial decrease in charging efficiency, severe system overheating, or even failure to start charging.
[0003] Currently, the main approaches to solving this problem fall into two categories: one is to improve the parking positioning accuracy of autonomous vehicles, but this requires extremely high-precision positioning systems (such as differential GPS, visual aids, etc.), which are costly and highly susceptible to environmental factors; the other is to give charging piles a certain degree of adjustment capability. Existing adjustment solutions often employ active mechanisms, such as using motor-driven two-dimensional or three-dimensional translation stages, detecting misalignment through cameras or positioning sensors, and then controlling the motor movement to compensate. While these solutions are effective, they are structurally complex, costly, require additional sensors and control systems, and have relatively complex response speeds and control logic, hindering large-scale deployment and application.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a passive adaptive wireless charging pile that is simple in structure, low in cost, and can automatically compensate for position errors without external sensors and complex control. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles, comprising:
[0006] The system comprises a ground-fixed stake, a telescopic bracket, a torsion spring, a charging transmitter plate, a limiting bracket, and a charging receiver plate. The ground-fixed stake is fixed to the ground or foundation of the charging location using anchor bolts. The ground-fixed stake is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic bracket. The top end of the telescopic bracket is connected to the charging transmitter plate via the torsion spring, which is integrated between the telescopic bracket and the charging transmitter plate. The charging transmitter plate is installed at the top end of the telescopic bracket. The lower end of the limiting bracket is fixedly connected to the ground-fixed stake. The upper structure of the limiting bracket is suspended and covers or surrounds the outer perimeter of the charging transmitter plate. The two are not fixedly connected but have a clearance fit. The inner wall of the limiting bracket defines the movable boundary of the charging transmitter plate. The charging receiver plate is fixedly connected to the vehicle chassis and is installed under the chassis of the unmanned vehicle.
[0007] Preferably, the telescopic bracket is a flexible mechanism that can extend, retract, and deflect within a horizontal plane.
[0008] Preferably, the charging transmitter includes a transmitting coil, a first magnetic core, a first aluminum shielding layer, a first outer shell, and an insulating material.
[0009] Preferably, the limiting bracket extends from the side or above the ground fixing pile to form a ring-shaped, frame-shaped, or rod-shaped physical structure, the internal space of which is larger than the external dimensions of the charging transmitter plate.
[0010] Preferably, the charging receiver board includes a receiving coil, a second magnetic core, a second aluminum shielding layer, and a second outer shell.
[0011] Preferably, the telescopic bracket is any one of a universal joint, ball joint, or flexible leaf spring structure.
[0012] Preferably, the wireless charging pile includes a control circuit, which includes a grid input terminal, an active power factor correction circuit, a high-frequency inverter, a resonant compensation network, a transmitting coil L1, a receiving coil L2, a receiving resonant compensation network, a rectifier, a DC-DC converter, a filter circuit, a system controller, a wireless communication module, a drive circuit, and a sampling circuit, all electrically connected to the grid.
[0013] Preferably, the system controller includes a ground-based MCU and a vehicle-mounted MCU.
[0014] Preferably, the resonant compensation network is connected between the output terminal of the high-frequency inverter and the transmitting coil L1, and forms a series or parallel resonant circuit with the transmitting coil L1 through capacitor C1.
[0015] Preferably, the wireless charging pile further includes a position detection sensor, which is integrated on the limiting bracket and is used to detect whether the transmitter plate is moved or whether it is within the allowable range.
[0016] The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles of this invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] (1) Fully passive adaptive: No motor, sensor and complex algorithm required, can achieve automatic alignment, with extremely high reliability and low cost;
[0018] (2) High fault tolerance: It can effectively compensate for most of the position and angle errors caused by unmanned vehicle parking;
[0019] (3) Self-reset: The vehicle automatically resets after it leaves, requiring no additional operation;
[0020] (4) Easy to integrate: The mechanical and electrical parts are relatively independent, which facilitates the upgrading and transformation of existing wireless charging systems;
[0021] (5) High safety: The limit bracket prevents damage to the mechanical structure, and the circuit system has multiple hardware and software protections. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort. The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings:
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adaptive matching wireless charging pile for unmanned vehicles of this utility model.
[0024] In the diagram, 1-ground fixed stake, 2-telescopic bracket, 3-torsion spring, 4-charging transmitter plate, 5-limiting bracket, 6-charging receiver plate. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0026] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0027] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0028] Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive matching wireless charging pile for unmanned vehicles according to this utility model. Figure 1 As shown, the adaptive matching wireless charging pile for unmanned vehicles provided in the first embodiment of this utility model includes at least a ground fixed pile 1, a telescopic bracket 2, a torsion spring 3, a charging transmitter plate 4, a limiting bracket 5, and a charging receiver plate 6. The ground fixed pile 1 is fixed to the ground or foundation of the charging position by anchor bolts. The ground fixed pile 1 and the bottom end of the telescopic bracket 2 are rigidly connected. The top end of the telescopic bracket 2 is connected to the charging transmitter plate 4 by the torsion spring 3. The torsion spring 3 is integrated between the telescopic bracket 2 and the charging transmitter plate 4. The charging transmitter plate 4 is installed on the top end of the telescopic bracket 2. The lower end of the limiting bracket 5 is fixedly connected to the ground fixed pile 1. The upper structure of the limiting bracket 5 is suspended and covers or surrounds the outer periphery of the charging transmitter plate 4. The two are not fixedly connected, but there is a clearance fit. The inner wall of the limiting bracket 5 defines the movable boundary of the charging transmitter plate 4. The charging receiver plate 6 is fixedly connected to the vehicle chassis and is installed on the lower part of the unmanned vehicle chassis.
[0029] Ground-fixed pile 1 serves as the foundation of the entire system, providing robust support and mounting base for the entire adaptive mechanism.
[0030] Telescopic bracket 2 is a flexible mechanism capable of telescoping and deflecting in the horizontal plane. Telescopic bracket 2 can be any of a universal joint, ball joint, or flexible leaf spring structure. Its core function is to provide a flexible rod with multiple degrees of freedom of movement in the XY plane.
[0031] The torsion spring 3 is integrated between the telescopic bracket 2 and the charging transmitter plate 4, or is part of the telescopic bracket 2. Its main function is to provide a torsional restoring torque. When the transmitter plate is deflected by an external force, the torque of the torsion spring 3 will attempt to pull it back to the central equilibrium position.
[0032] The charging transmitter board 4 is the ground-side transmitting coil assembly of the wireless charging system. The charging transmitter board 4 includes a transmitting coil, a first magnetic core, a first aluminum shielding layer, a first outer shell, and insulating material. It is directly mounted on the top of the telescopic bracket 2 (via a torsion spring 3 or a direct connection).
[0033] The limiting bracket 5 is an important safety and guiding component. Extending from the side or top of the ground anchor 1, the limiting bracket 5 forms a ring-shaped, frame-shaped, or rod-shaped physical structure, with an internal space larger than the external dimensions of the charging transmitter plate 4. Its primary function is not to restrict the movement of the transmitter plate, but rather to limit its maximum range of motion, preventing the telescopic bracket 2 from excessively extending, contracting, or twisting, which could lead to permanent deformation or damage. Simultaneously, when the vehicle is not parked, the limiting bracket 5 can support the charging transmitter plate 4, keeping it in its initial centered position.
[0034] The charging receiver board 6 can be integrated with the vehicle's battery pack. The charging receiver board 6 includes a receiving coil, a second magnetic core, a second aluminum shielding layer, and a second outer shell. The charging receiver board 6 has no physical connection to the ground system, only electromagnetic coupling.
[0035] In practical implementation, the wireless charging pile includes a control circuit, which includes an electrically connected grid input terminal, an active power factor correction circuit, a high-frequency inverter, a resonant compensation network, a transmitting coil L1, a receiving coil L2, a receiving resonant compensation network, a rectifier, a DC-DC converter, a filter circuit, a system controller, a wireless communication module, a drive circuit, and a sampling circuit.
[0036] The mains input terminal is a standard industrial frequency AC power input (such as 220V AC / 50Hz).
[0037] An active power factor correction (PFFC) circuit is located at the ground level and is used to improve the power factor of the entire system as seen from the grid side, reducing harmonic pollution to the grid. In practice, an active PFFC circuit includes an inductor, a power switch (such as a MOSFET), a diode, a capacitor, and a control chip. The inductor is connected in series in the input circuit to store and release energy and suppress current surges. The power switch works in conjunction with the inductor to perform high-frequency switching under the drive of the control chip. The diode provides a unidirectional conduction path for the current, ensuring that the inductor's energy is smoothly released to the output when the switch is turned off. The capacitor is used for filtering, smoothing the output voltage.
[0038] The control chip monitors the phase difference between the input voltage and current in real time. By adjusting the duty cycle of the power switch, it makes the input current waveform track the input voltage waveform, achieving a power factor close to 1. In this way, from the perspective of the power grid, the system presents a purely resistive load, effectively reducing reactive power, lowering harmonic pollution to the power grid, improving the energy utilization efficiency and stability of the entire wireless charging system, and ensuring efficient and safe charging of unmanned vehicles.
[0039] The high-frequency inverter is the core power conversion unit at the ground end. Its function is to convert the DC power after PFC rectification or direct rectification into high-frequency AC power (typically 20kHz-150kHz). This is the source of the alternating magnetic field energy required for wireless transmission.
[0040] High-frequency inverters, such as Infineon's FF600R12ME4, utilize IGBT chips and feature high switching frequency characteristics. This effectively reduces the size and weight of magnetic components like transformers and inductors, making charging stations more compact. Its high-efficiency power conversion capability reduces energy loss and improves charging efficiency. Furthermore, it boasts comprehensive protection functions, such as overcurrent, overvoltage, and overheat protection, ensuring stable and reliable charging and providing solid support for wireless charging of autonomous vehicles.
[0041] The resonant compensation network is connected between the output of the high-frequency inverter and the transmitting coil L1, forming a series or parallel resonant circuit with the transmitting coil L1 through capacitor C1. The function of the resonant compensation network is to compensate for the inductive reactive power of the coil, so that the system operates in a resonant state, thereby achieving efficient energy transfer and constant current or constant voltage output characteristics.
[0042] The transmitting coil L1 is the core component of the charging transmitter board 4, which is used to generate a high-frequency alternating magnetic field.
[0043] The receiving coil L2 is the core component of the charging receiving board 6. It is used to cut magnetic lines of force and induce high-frequency alternating current.
[0044] The capacitor C2, which is matched with the receiving coil L2, also forms a resonant circuit in the receiving end resonant compensation network, and its resonant frequency is the same as that of the transmitting end.
[0045] The rectifier can be a full-bridge rectifier circuit, which rectifies the high-frequency AC current induced by the receiving coil into DC current. The full-bridge rectifier circuit mainly consists of four switching transistors (MOSFETs or IGBTs), four diodes, and a filter capacitor. The four switching transistors are paired in pairs to form two diagonal switching groups, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the AC power supply and the positive and negative terminals of the DC output; the diodes are connected in reverse parallel across each switching transistor to form a freewheeling circuit; the filter capacitor is connected across the DC output terminal to smooth voltage fluctuations.
[0046] Full-bridge rectification achieves the conversion of both positive and negative half-cycles of AC power into DC power in the same direction by controlling the alternating on and off of the switching transistors. Specifically, when one pair of diagonal switching groups is on, the current flows to the load through this path; when the other pair of diagonal switching groups is on, the current flows in the opposite direction but is still output through the rectification path, thus obtaining a stable DC output under the action of the filter capacitor. This design effectively improves charging efficiency and power factor, and is a key component in achieving efficient and stable power conversion in wireless charging technology for autonomous vehicles.
[0047] The DC-DC converter is located after the rectifier at the receiving end. It is used to regulate the output voltage and current to adapt to the charging curve of the power battery (constant current, constant voltage, trickle charging, etc.). It receives instructions from the system controller for regulation. DC-DC converters such as the LM2596 have advantages such as high efficiency, low ripple, high integration, and simple peripheral circuitry, and can stabilize the output voltage to meet the charging requirements of different autonomous vehicle batteries.
[0048] The working principle of a DC-DC converter is based on the storage and release of energy in an inductor. Taking a buck converter as an example, when the switching transistor is turned on, the input voltage charges the inductor, which stores energy and simultaneously supplies power to the load. When the switching transistor is turned off, the inductor releases energy and continues to supply power to the load through the freewheeling diode. This cycle continues, converting a higher input voltage into a lower and more stable output voltage, providing precise power to the autonomous vehicle battery and ensuring a stable and reliable charging process.
[0049] The filtering circuit includes an input EMI filter and an output DC filter, used to suppress electromagnetic interference and smooth DC current.
[0050] The input EMI filter, or electromagnetic interference filter, primarily suppresses electromagnetic interference introduced by the charging station from the external power grid, while preventing electromagnetic interference generated by the charging station itself from flowing back into the grid. Various high-frequency noises and spurious signals exist in the power grid. If these interferences are not handled properly, they will enter the charging station, affecting the normal operation of its electronic components, reducing charging efficiency, and even damaging the equipment. The EMI filter uses a circuit composed of inductors, capacitors, and other components to block and attenuate interference signals of different frequencies, allowing only power frequency current to pass through smoothly, thus providing a clean input power supply to the charging station.
[0051] The output DC filter operates on the DC power output of the charging station. During wireless charging, the DC power obtained after rectification and other processes may contain unstable factors such as ripple. The output DC filter utilizes a low-pass filter structure composed of capacitors, inductors, and other components to filter out high-frequency ripple components in the DC power, making the output DC power smoother and more stable. This is crucial for the safe charging and efficient operation of autonomous vehicle batteries, preventing damage to the battery caused by current fluctuations, extending battery life, and ensuring a reliable and stable charging process for the autonomous vehicle.
[0052] The system controller employs a high-performance microcontroller unit. The system controller includes a ground-based MCU and an in-vehicle MCU, which exchange data wirelessly (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee). Both the ground-based and in-vehicle MCUs can be selected from 32-bit ARM Cortex-M series chips, such as the STM32F4 series, which integrate rich ADCs, PWM, and communication interfaces.
[0053] The ground-side MCU is responsible for controlling the active PFC circuit and the high-frequency inverter (usually by driving the gate drive circuit to control the MOSFET or IGBT switching transistors in the inverter), monitoring the voltage, current, and temperature at the ground end, and communicating with the vehicle end.
[0054] The on-board MCU is responsible for monitoring the battery status (via BMS), the voltage and current of the receiver, controlling the DC-DC converter, and sending this information to the ground-based MCU.
[0055] The wireless communication module is integrated on both the ground-based MCU and the vehicle-mounted MCU, enabling a two-way data link between the ground and the vehicle. The wireless communication module can optionally use a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module for reliable and low-latency communication.
[0056] The drive circuit connects between the MCU and the switching transistors of the high-frequency inverter, amplifying the PWM signal from the MCU to drive the switching transistors with sufficient voltage and current. The drive circuit includes an optocoupler isolator, a push-pull amplifier stage, a bootstrap circuit, and a protection module. The low-power PWM signal output from the MCU is first electrically isolated by an optocoupler (such as a TLP250) to eliminate interference from the high-voltage side to the control terminal. Subsequently, the signal enters a push-pull amplifier stage composed of NPN-PNP complementary pairs (such as IRF540N / IRF9540N), where the current gain boosts the signal amplitude to 15-20V to meet the gate drive requirements of the IGBT or MOSFET. The bootstrap circuit (including a diode 1N4148 and a 10μF capacitor) provides a floating power supply for the upper transistor drive, ensuring voltage stability during alternating high-side and low-side switching. Simultaneously, the drive circuit integrates undervoltage lockout (UVLO) and overcurrent protection (DESAT), monitoring the gate voltage and collector current through a comparator (LM393) and quickly shutting off the signal in case of abnormalities. During operation, the MCU dynamically adjusts the PWM frequency and duty cycle, while the drive circuit amplifies and isolates the transmission in real time, ensuring precise matching between the inverter output and the resonant frequency of the autonomous vehicle's receiver to achieve maximum power transmission. This design, through modular layout and adaptive parameter adjustment, ensures efficient and stable operation across different vehicle models and charging distances.
[0057] The sampling circuit includes voltage sensors (such as voltage divider resistors, Hall voltage sensors), current sensors (such as sampling resistors, Hall current sensors, current transformers), and temperature sensors (such as NTC thermistors). These sensors transmit analog signals to the MCU's ADC (analog-to-digital converter) pins.
[0058] To enable more advanced functions (such as charging start / stop detection and excessive misalignment alarm), wireless charging stations can also include position detection sensors integrated on the limit bracket to detect whether the transmitter plate has been moved or is within the allowable range.
[0059] The energy flow path at the ground end is:
[0060] The AC input from the mains flows through the EMI filter, the PFC circuit (power factor correction), the DC bus capacitor (filter), the high-frequency inverter (full-bridge / half-bridge inverter circuit, controlled by the MCU through the drive circuit of its MSFET / IGBT), and the resonant compensation capacitor C1 connected in series / parallel with the transmitting coil L1, thus generating a high-frequency magnetic field.
[0061] The energy flow path at the vehicle end is:
[0062] The receiving coil L2 cuts the magnetic lines of force to generate AC current. The AC current flows through the resonant compensation capacitor C2 at the receiving end, through the rectifier bridge (synchronous rectification is achieved by diodes or MSFETs), through the DC filter capacitor, through the DC-DC converter (its switching transistors are controlled by the vehicle MCU), and then through the output filter, which is connected to the battery management system (BMS) to charge the power battery.
[0063] The control and communication signal transmission path is as follows:
[0064] Ground-side MCU: The ADC pin connects to the ground-side voltage / current / temperature sampling circuit. The GPI pin connects to the input of the driver circuit, outputting a PWM wave. The UART / SPI / I2C interface connects to a wireless communication module (such as a Wi-Fi module). The GPI pin connects to a position sensor (optional).
[0065] On-board MCU: The ADC pin is connected to the on-board voltage / current / temperature sampling circuit and battery information obtained from the BMS. The GPI / PWM pin is connected to the DC-DC converter drive circuit. The UART / SPI / I2C interface connects to the on-board wireless communication module. A connection is established between the two wireless communication modules to achieve data exchange.
[0066] The working principle of this self-adaptive wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles is as follows:
[0067] Standby and Wake-up: When the vehicle is not parked, the ground-based MCU control system is in low-power standby mode. The PFC and inverter may be completely off or operate at extremely low power. Once the vehicle has come to a complete stop and mechanical alignment is achieved, the system is woken up in one of the following ways: the onboard MCU sends a "request charging" signal to the ground terminal via wireless communication; the ground terminal determines vehicle presence by detecting parameters on the detection coils (such as inductance changes); or the position sensor detects movement of the transmitter and sends a signal to the MCU (optional).
[0068] Startup and Closed-Loop Control: Upon receiving a charging request, the ground-based MCU gradually activates the PFC circuit and the high-frequency inverter. Energy begins to transfer to the vehicle-mounted unit via the magnetic field. The vehicle-mounted MCU collects the output voltage and current of the receiver in real time and generates control commands based on the preset battery charging curve (provided by the BMS). It then adjusts the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter to achieve constant current (CC) or constant voltage (CV) charging. Simultaneously, the vehicle-mounted MCU transmits key charging parameters (such as actual received power, battery voltage, and required current / voltage) to the ground-based MCU via wireless communication. Based on the received information and its own sampled input voltage / current, the ground-based MCU comprehensively calculates the transmission efficiency and system status, primarily adjusting the switching frequency and duty cycle of the high-frequency inverter. Fine-tuning the frequency can change the operating state of the resonant point and optimize transmission efficiency; adjusting the duty cycle can regulate the output power level, working in coordination with the vehicle-mounted unit to meet the battery's needs.
[0069] Protection and Monitoring: The MCUs at both ends continuously monitor voltage, current, and temperature. If any parameter exceeds the safe range (such as overvoltage, overcurrent, overheating, or excessive misalignment leading to a sudden drop in efficiency), the MCU will immediately execute protection procedures, such as reducing power or completely shutting down the system, and will send fault information to the other party through the communication link. It may also notify the user through the vehicle UI or the indicator lights on the charging station.
[0070] Charging complete: When the BMS reports that the battery is fully charged or the user stops charging, the on-board MCU sends a "stop charging" command. Upon receiving the command, the ground-based MCU shuts down the inverter and PFC, and the system re-enters standby mode. The vehicle drives away, and the transmitter board resets under mechanical action.
[0071] The beneficial effects of this utility model, through the design of the above embodiments, are as follows:
[0072] (1) Fully passive adaptive: No motor, sensor and complex algorithm required, can achieve automatic alignment, with extremely high reliability and low cost;
[0073] (2) High fault tolerance: It can effectively compensate for most of the position and angle errors caused by unmanned vehicle parking;
[0074] (3) Self-reset: The vehicle automatically resets after it leaves, requiring no additional operation;
[0075] (4) Easy to integrate: The mechanical and electrical parts are relatively independent, which facilitates the upgrading and transformation of existing wireless charging systems;
[0076] (5) High safety: The limit bracket prevents damage to the mechanical structure, and the circuit system has multiple hardware and software protections.
[0077] This utility model has been described based on specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and equivalent substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, to adapt to specific applications of this utility model, numerous modifications can be made without departing from its protection scope. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all embodiments falling within the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a ground-fixed stake, a telescopic bracket, a torsion spring, a charging transmitter plate, a limiting bracket, and a charging receiver plate. The ground-fixed stake is fixed to the ground or foundation of the charging location using anchor bolts. The ground-fixed stake is rigidly connected to the bottom end of the telescopic bracket. The top end of the telescopic bracket is connected to the charging transmitter plate via the torsion spring, which is integrated between the telescopic bracket and the charging transmitter plate. The charging transmitter plate is installed at the top end of the telescopic bracket. The lower end of the limiting bracket is fixedly connected to the ground-fixed stake. The upper structure of the limiting bracket is suspended and covers or surrounds the outer perimeter of the charging transmitter plate. The two are not fixedly connected but have a clearance fit. The inner wall of the limiting bracket defines the movable boundary of the charging transmitter plate. The charging receiver plate is fixedly connected to the vehicle chassis and is installed under the chassis of the unmanned vehicle.
2. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic support is a flexible mechanism that can extend, retract, and deflect within a horizontal plane.
3. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging transmitter board includes a transmitting coil, a first magnetic core, a first aluminum shielding layer, a first outer shell, and insulating material.
4. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting bracket extends from the side or above the ground fixing pile, forming a ring-shaped, frame-shaped, or rod-shaped physical structure, the internal space of which is larger than the external dimensions of the charging transmitter plate.
5. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging receiver board includes a receiving coil, a second magnetic core, a second aluminum shielding layer, and a second outer shell.
6. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The telescopic bracket can be any one of a universal joint, ball joint, or flexible leaf spring structure.
7. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The wireless charging pile includes a control circuit, which includes an electrically connected grid input terminal, an active power factor correction circuit, a high-frequency inverter, a resonant compensation network, a transmitting coil L1, a receiving coil L2, a receiving resonant compensation network, a rectifier, a DC-DC converter, a filter circuit, a system controller, a wireless communication module, a drive circuit, and a sampling circuit.
8. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system controller includes a ground-based MCU and a vehicle-mounted MCU.
9. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The resonant compensation network is connected between the output terminal of the high-frequency inverter and the transmitting coil L1, and forms a series or parallel resonant circuit with the transmitting coil L1 through capacitor C1.
10. The adaptive matching wireless charging station for unmanned vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The wireless charging station also includes a position detection sensor, which is integrated on the limiting bracket and is used to detect whether the transmitter plate has been moved or whether it is within the allowable range.