Vertical spiral unloader

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of unloading machine, belongs to vertical spiral unloading machine, the utility model discloses a rack, vertical material conveying mechanism and horizontal material conveying mechanism, vertical material conveying mechanism is installed on the rack vertically, horizontal material conveying mechanism is installed on the rack horizontally, vertical material conveying mechanism top with horizontal material conveying mechanism intercommunication, and material is transported from vertical material conveying mechanism to horizontal material conveying mechanism, and then is unloaded by horizontal material conveying mechanism again, vertical material conveying mechanism includes vertical spiral machine, feeder and scraper, vertical spiral machine bottom feed inlet is installed with feeder, and the both sides of feeder are provided with scraper, and vertical spiral machine top outlet communicates with the feed inlet of horizontal material conveying mechanism. Solve the problem of keeping high productivity, and have flexibility and reliability simultaneously, be applicable to the bulk material unloading operation problem of a variety of complex working conditions, abandon the redundancy material collector and double spiral configuration, through the synergistic effect of single vertical spiral mechanism and adjustable scraper, simplify the equipment structure, reduce the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a vertical spiral unloading machine and belongs to the field of unloading machines. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical screw unloaders, as efficient bulk material handling equipment, are widely used in material transfer operations in industries such as coal, grain, and building materials. Traditional vertical screw unloaders typically consist of a single vertical screw mechanism, a feeder, and a lateral conveying mechanism. Their working principle involves lifting material through the vertical screw to the lateral conveying mechanism before unloading. However, existing technology still has the following problems in practical applications:

[0003] 1. The unloading direction is singular, lacking flexibility;

[0004] Traditional equipment has a fixed unloading direction, requiring the entire equipment to be moved or the conveying mechanism to be adjusted, resulting in complex operation and low efficiency. Especially in bidirectional unloading scenarios, frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the equipment and manual adjustment of the scraper position are necessary, making it difficult to meet the needs of continuous operation.

[0005] 2. Significant residual material remains in the carriage;

[0006] Most existing scrapers are fixed or unidirectionally adjustable, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the scraper height according to the direction of equipment movement during unloading. For example, when the equipment moves forward to unload, the scraper on the forward side is prone to interfering with the material stacking, while the reverse scraper cannot effectively scrape away residual material, resulting in residual material accumulating at the bottom of the truck bed.

[0007] 3. Bottlenecks in feeding efficiency and sealing performance;

[0008] Conventional feeders use a single spiral structure, which is prone to clogging due to material adhesion or uneven particle size. In addition, the sealing design between the feeder and the vertical spiral mechanism is insufficient, which can easily cause dust leakage and affect the working environment.

[0009] 4. Structural complexity and maintenance costs;

[0010] Some technologies, such as patent CN206767166U, improve efficiency by adding a double vertical helix mechanism, but this requires a matching collector and a complex lubrication system, resulting in a bulky structure and increased maintenance costs. Furthermore, the double helix mechanism has poor adaptability to the width of the carriage, making it difficult to operate efficiently in confined spaces.

[0011] Therefore, in order to address the above problems, there is an urgent need for a vertical screw unloader with a simplified structure, dynamic scraper adjustment capability, and bidirectional unloading capability, in order to improve operating efficiency and reduce material residue. Utility Model Content

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of maintaining high productivity while also possessing flexibility and reliability, applicable to various complex working conditions in bulk material unloading operations. A brief overview of this invention is provided below to offer a basic understanding of certain aspects of it. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model:

[0014] The vertical screw unloader includes a frame, a vertical conveying mechanism, and a horizontal conveying mechanism. The vertical conveying mechanism is installed vertically on the frame, and the horizontal conveying mechanism is installed horizontally on the frame. The top of the vertical conveying mechanism is connected to the horizontal conveying mechanism. The material is lifted and transported from the vertical conveying mechanism to the horizontal conveying mechanism, and then unloaded by the horizontal conveying mechanism.

[0015] The vertical conveying mechanism includes a vertical screw conveyor, a feeder, and scrapers. A feeder is installed at the bottom inlet of the vertical screw conveyor, and scrapers are installed on both the front and rear sides of the feeder. The top outlet of the vertical conveying mechanism is connected to the inlet of the horizontal conveying mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, the device further includes a lifting cylinder and a sliding column. The scraper is vertically slidably mounted on the outer wall of the vertical screw conveyor via the sliding column, and the two ends of the lifting cylinder are connected to the vertical screw conveyor and the scraper, respectively.

[0017] Preferably, the feeder includes an outer rotating cylinder, an inner spiral conveying auger, an outer gear ring, a drive gear, a transmission motor, and a connecting seat. The connecting seat is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical conveying mechanism. The outer rotating cylinder is rotatably installed on the connecting seat via a bearing with a seat, and the interior of the outer rotating cylinder is connected to the interior of the vertical conveying mechanism. The transmission motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the vertical conveying mechanism. An outer gear ring is fixedly installed on the outer ring at the top of the outer rotating cylinder. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the transmission motor, and the drive gear meshes with the outer gear ring. The inner spiral conveying auger is installed inside the outer rotating cylinder, and the top of the inner spiral conveying auger is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical spiral conveying auger of the vertical conveying mechanism. Blades are provided on the outer wall at the bottom of the outer rotating cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, the outer rotating cylinder is rotatably sealed to the bottom of the vertical shell.

[0019] Preferably, the discharge port of the vertical conveying mechanism has a ramp, and the bottom of the ramp is connected to the top of the inlet on one side of the horizontal conveying mechanism.

[0020] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This utility model adopts a lifting cylinder and a sliding column to control the scraping height. The scraper state is automatically adjusted according to the moving direction of the unloading machine. That is, when moving forward, the reverse scraper presses down to collect the material, and the scraper on the same side rises to avoid it, so as to realize bidirectional continuous unloading and significantly reduce the residual material in the car body.

[0022] 2. The feeder of this utility model is designed with an outer rotating cylinder and an inner spiral conveying auger rotating in opposite directions. The shearing force enhances the material crushing and feeding efficiency and avoids clogging. The outer rotating cylinder and the vertical shell are connected by a rotary seal. Combined with the inclined flow guide design of the transverse conveying mechanism, it ensures that the material conveying process is completely sealed and reduces dust emission.

[0023] 3. This utility model eliminates redundant collectors and double-spiral configurations, and simplifies the equipment structure and reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty through the synergistic effect of a single vertical spiral mechanism and an adjustable scraper. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is the front view of a vertical screw unloader;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of a vertical screw unloader;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a diagram showing the installation of the vertical housing and the horizontal conveying mechanism.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical material conveying mechanism;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA cross-section view;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 BB cross-section;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the outer rotating cylinder and the inner spiral conveying auger;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the operational status of a vertical spiral unloader.

[0032] In the diagram: 1-Frame, 2-Vertical conveying mechanism, 3-Horizontal conveying mechanism, 21-Vertical screw conveyor, 22-Feeder, 23-Scraper, 24-Lifting cylinder, 25-Slide column, 211-Vertical housing, 212-Vertical screw conveyor auger, 213-Drive motor, 214-Inclined ramp, 221-Outer rotating cylinder, 222-Inner screw conveyor auger, 223-Outer gear ring, 224-Drive gear, 225-Drive motor, 226-Connecting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present utility model.

[0034] The connections mentioned in this utility model are divided into fixed connections and detachable connections. Fixed connections, also known as non-detachable connections, include but are not limited to conventional fixed connection methods such as folded connections, riveted connections, adhesive connections, and welded connections. Detachable connections include but are not limited to conventional disassembly methods such as threaded connections, snap-fit ​​connections, pin connections, and hinged connections. When a specific connection method is not explicitly defined, it is assumed that at least one existing connection method can always be found to achieve the function, and those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs. For example, a welded connection can be chosen for fixed connections, and a hinged connection can be chosen for detachable connections.

[0035] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1-8 This embodiment describes a vertical screw unloader, which includes a frame 1, a vertical conveying mechanism 2, and a horizontal conveying mechanism 3. The vertical conveying mechanism 2 is vertically mounted on the frame 1, and the horizontal conveying mechanism 3 is horizontally mounted on the frame 1. The top of the vertical conveying mechanism 2 is connected to the horizontal conveying mechanism 3. The material is lifted and transported from the vertical conveying mechanism 2 to the horizontal conveying mechanism 3, and then unloaded by the horizontal conveying mechanism 3.

[0036] The vertical conveying mechanism 2 includes a vertical screw conveyor 21, a feeder 22, and a scraper 23. The feeder 22 is installed at the bottom inlet of the vertical screw conveyor 21. The feeder 22 is provided on both the front and rear sides of the feeder 22. The top outlet of the vertical screw conveyor 21 is connected to the inlet of the horizontal conveying mechanism 3. The vertical conveying mechanism 2 is responsible for lifting the material from the bottom to the top.

[0037] It also includes a lifting cylinder 24 and a sliding column 25. The scraper 23 is vertically slidably mounted on the outer wall of the vertical screw conveyor 21 via the sliding column 25. The two ends of the lifting cylinder 24 are connected to the vertical screw conveyor 21 and the scraper 23, respectively. The scraper 23 moves up and down along the side wall of the sliding column 25 via the lifting cylinder 24. The scraper 23 automatically moves up and down according to the height of the material pile, leveling the bottom material and preventing accumulation. The lifting of the scraper 23 is linked to the amount of material accumulation, reducing manual intervention.

[0038] The frame 1 serves as the core support structure, and is made of a rigid frame welded together. The surface is treated with anti-corrosion, and the bottom is equipped with adjustable legs to adapt to different sites.

[0039] The vertical screw conveyor 21 includes a vertical housing 211, a vertical screw conveyor 212, and a drive motor 213. The vertical housing 211 adopts a segmented cylindrical structure with wear-resistant steel plates lined the inner wall and is fixed to the frame 1 by flange bolts. The drive motor 213 is also installed on the frame 1. The vertical screw conveyor 212 is rotatably installed inside the vertical housing 211. The gap between the screw blades of the vertical screw conveyor 212 and the vertical housing 211 is ≤5mm. The top is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 213 through a coupling, and is driven to rotate by the drive motor 213. The drive motor 213 is installed on the top platform of the frame 1 and its start / stop and speed are controlled by a PLC.

[0040] The feeder 22 includes an outer rotating cylinder 221, an inner spiral conveying auger 222, an outer gear ring 223, a drive gear 224, a drive motor 225, and a connecting seat 226. Radially distributed blades are welded to the outer wall of the outer rotating cylinder 221. The connecting seat 226 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical housing 211. The outer rotating cylinder 221 is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat 226 via a bearing with a seat, and the interior of the outer rotating cylinder 221 communicates with the interior of the vertical housing 211. The drive motor 225 is fixedly installed on the vertical housing 211. On the outer wall of the outer rotating cylinder 221, an outer gear ring 223 is fixedly installed on the top outer ring. The drive gear 224 is fixedly connected to the output end of the transmission motor 225. The drive gear 224 meshes with the outer gear ring 223 to drive the outer rotating cylinder 221 to rotate. The inner spiral conveying auger 222 is installed inside the outer rotating cylinder 221, and the top of the inner spiral conveying auger 222 is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical spiral conveying auger 212 and rotates synchronously with it. The pitch is smaller than that of the vertical spiral auger to enhance the extrusion force.

[0041] In a more preferred embodiment, the outer rotating cylinder 221 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 below the vertical housing 211 via an outer diameter bearing, making the outer rotating cylinder 221 more stable when rotating.

[0042] The outer spiral cylinder 221 is rotatably sealed to the bottom of the vertical shell 211. A combination of a rotating sealing ring and a labyrinth structure ensures that dust does not spill out. The rotation of the outer spiral cylinder 221 drives the blades to gather the loose material to the center, while the inner spiral auger 222 compresses the material upwards to the vertical screw conveyor 21. The forced feeding by the inner spiral auger 222, combined with the rotating material collection by the outer spiral cylinder 221, solves the problem of easy clogging in traditional screw conveyors.

[0043] The transverse conveying mechanism 3 is a transversely arranged screw conveyor;

[0044] More specifically, the transverse conveying mechanism 3 includes a transverse conveying housing, a transverse spiral conveying auger, and a transverse drive motor. The transverse conveying housing is fixedly installed on the frame 1. The inlet on one side of the transverse conveying housing is connected to the outlet of the vertical housing 211, and the other side of the transverse conveying housing has an outlet. The transverse spiral conveying auger is rotatably installed inside the transverse conveying housing. One end of the transverse spiral conveying auger is connected to the output end of the transverse drive motor. The transverse drive motor drives the transverse spiral auger to rotate, conveying the material horizontally to the outlet and discharging it through the guide chute. That is, the transverse conveying mechanism 3 receives the material from the vertical conveying mechanism 2 and conveys it horizontally to the designated discharge point.

[0045] The discharge port of the vertical housing 211 has a ramp 214, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the inlet on one side of the transverse conveying housing, forming a continuous conveying path.

[0046] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1-8 This embodiment describes a vertical screw unloading method that is based on the vertical screw unloading machine described in Specific Embodiment 1, and includes:

[0047] Step 1: Prepare for unloading and check equipment status:

[0048] Confirm that frame 1 is securely fixed and that the connection between vertical conveying mechanism 2 and horizontal conveying mechanism 3 is not loose.

[0049] Use a level to check the flatness of the mounting of frame 1, and ensure that the torque value of the four corner fixing bolts is ≥180 N·m; check the mating flange of the vertical conveying mechanism 2 and the horizontal conveying mechanism 3, and verify the gap with a 0.05 mm feeler gauge. The maximum allowable gap is ≤0.1 mm.

[0050] Check the lubrication of the lifting cylinder 24 and the slide 25 to ensure that the scraper 23 moves up and down smoothly;

[0051] The lifting cylinder 24 was tested under no-load stroke, with the stroke speed controlled at 20-30 mm / s; the surface roughness of the slide column 25 was measured to be Ra≤0.8μm, and lithium-based grease NLGI 2# was applied at a rate of 50g / m²; the lifting stroke range of the scraper 23 was verified to ensure that the maximum downward pressure depth was ≥300mm.

[0052] Verify the rotational sealing performance between the outer rotating cylinder 221 and the vertical shell 211 to prevent material leakage;

[0053] Fluorescent powder leakage was detected at the joint surface between the outer rotating cylinder 221 and the vertical shell 211. During the no-load test run, the wind speed at the joint surface was measured to be ≤0.5m / s using an anemometer.

[0054] Step 2: Determine the unloading direction and adjust the scraper 23:

[0055] First, select the unloading direction. If it is necessary to move forward to unload, start the lifting cylinder 24 to make the scraper 23 in the opposite direction of the forward movement fall to the material layer; the scraper 23 on the forward movement side rises to avoid interference with the material.

[0056] If it is necessary to move backward to unload, the lifting cylinder 24 is controlled in the opposite direction to make the scraper 23 in the opposite direction of the backward movement fall down and the scraper 23 on the other side rise up.

[0057] Step 3: Start the feeder 22 and the vertical conveying mechanism 2:

[0058] Turn on the drive motor 213 to drive the vertical screw conveyor 212 to rotate, lifting the material from the feeder 22 to the top outlet of the vertical housing 211; the material slides into the feed inlet of the transverse conveyor housing via the ramp 214.

[0059] When the feeder 22 is started, the drive motor 225 is turned on, which drives the drive gear 224 to mesh with the outer gear ring 223, causing the outer rotating cylinder 221 to rotate clockwise; the inner spiral conveying auger 222, being coaxial with the vertical spiral conveying auger 212, rotates counterclockwise in the opposite direction, generating material shearing force.

[0060] Step 4: Lateral material conveying and unloading

[0061] Turn on the horizontal drive motor 2 to drive the horizontal spiral conveyor 2 to rotate; the material is pushed to the discharge port along the spiral direction in the horizontal conveyor housing to complete the unloading;

[0062] Step 5: Dynamic adjustment and bidirectional unloading:

[0063] When the unloading machine moves to unload material, the unloading machine is controlled to move forward or backward at a low speed according to the unloading progress; the scraper 23 is adjusted in real time by raising and lowering. The scraper 23 on the moving direction side is raised to reduce resistance; the reverse scraper 23 is kept pressed down to scrape the residual material to the bottom inlet of the feeder 22.

[0064] When unloading needs to be reversed, first stop the unloading machine from moving, switch the scraper 23 to lifting state, and then move the machine in the reverse direction.

[0065] The steps for setting the unloading direction are as follows:

[0066] 1. The operating steps for the forward unloading mode are as follows:

[0067] The solenoid valve is activated to control the air intake of the lifting cylinder 24; the front scraper 23 is raised to a height of 200mm from the material surface; the rear scraper 23-B is pressed down to contact the material surface and then pressurized by 0.2MPa; the pressure sensor confirms that the contact pressure reaches 5-8kPa;

[0068] 2. The operation steps for the backward unloading mode are as follows:

[0069] Switch the solenoid valve to allow air to enter chamber 24A of the lifting cylinder; the rear scraper 23 is raised to a safe height; the front scraper 23 is pressed down; the displacement sensor confirms that the scraper stroke is in place.

[0070] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be arranged and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, this utility model will not describe the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by this utility model.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical spiral unloader, characterized in that: It includes a frame (1), a vertical conveying mechanism (2) and a horizontal conveying mechanism (3). The vertical conveying mechanism (2) is vertically installed on the frame (1), and the horizontal conveying mechanism (3) is horizontally installed on the frame (1). The top of the vertical conveying mechanism (2) is connected to the horizontal conveying mechanism (3). The material is lifted and transported from the vertical conveying mechanism (2) to the horizontal conveying mechanism (3), and then unloaded by the horizontal conveying mechanism (3). The vertical conveying mechanism (2) has a feeder (22) installed at the bottom inlet. Scrapers (23) are provided on both the front and rear sides of the feeder (22). The top outlet of the vertical conveying mechanism (2) is connected to the inlet of the horizontal conveying mechanism (3).

2. The vertical screw unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lifting cylinder (24) and a sliding column (25). The scraper (23) is vertically slidably installed on the outer wall of the vertical screw conveyor (21) via the sliding column (25). The two ends of the lifting cylinder (24) are connected to the vertical screw conveyor (21) and the scraper (23) respectively.

3. The vertical screw unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeder (22) includes an outer rotating cylinder (221), an inner spiral conveying auger (222), an outer gear ring (223), a drive gear (224), a drive motor (225), and a connecting seat (226). The connecting seat (226) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical conveying mechanism (2). The outer rotating cylinder (221) is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat (226) through a bearing seat, and the interior of the outer rotating cylinder (221) is connected to the interior of the vertical conveying mechanism (2). The drive motor (225) is fixedly installed on the vertical conveying mechanism (2). On the outer wall, an outer gear ring (223) is fixedly installed on the top outer ring of the outer rotating cylinder (221). The drive gear (224) is fixedly connected to the output end of the transmission motor (225). The drive gear (224) meshes with the outer gear ring (223). The inner spiral conveying auger (222) is installed inside the outer rotating cylinder (221). The top of the inner spiral conveying auger (222) is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical spiral conveying auger (212) of the vertical conveying mechanism (2). Blades are provided on the bottom outer wall of the outer rotating cylinder (221).

4. The vertical screw unloader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer rotating cylinder (221) is rotatably sealed to the bottom of the vertical shell (211).

5. The vertical screw unloader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse conveying mechanism (3) is a transversely arranged screw conveyor.

6. The vertical screw unloader according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet of the vertical conveying mechanism (2) has a ramp (214), and the bottom of the ramp (214) is connected to the top of the inlet on one side of the horizontal conveying mechanism (3).

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