Six-way rope square bale baler gearbox

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of six-way rope big square bundle bundling machine gearboxes, it is related to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the gearbox includes box body assembly, box cover system, transmission shaft system, gear set, bearing system, positioning structure, sealing assembly, connecting piece, auxiliary structure and elastic stopper. Among them, transmission shaft system adopts three-stage speed change design, realizes power efficient transmission by gear engagement;Bearing system cooperates with positioning structure and elastic stopper, solve the problem of multi-shaft system collaborative support, avoid shaft system resonance when high-speed operation;Sealing assembly constructs dynamic sealing, static sealing and the triple protection system of auxiliary sealing, adapt to high dust environment;Auxiliary structure integrates monitoring, maintenance and protection function, greatly reduce maintenance complexity.The utility model significantly improves transmission efficiency, prolongs bearing service life, enhances operation reliability, applicable to six-way rope big square bundle bundling machine under complex working condition Long-term stable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically a gearbox for a six-rope large square baler. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in modern agriculture, the gearbox of a large-format baler plays a crucial role in efficiently transmitting power from the tractor to the baling mechanism. Traditional baler gearboxes generally employ single-stage bevel gear transmission or parallel-shaft multi-stage gear transmission structures, which have significant drawbacks:

[0003] Low transmission efficiency and multi-stage transmission chains lead to cumulative mechanical losses. Especially under high torque conditions, the energy loss from gear meshing can reach more than 15%, affecting the consistency of bundling density.

[0004] Insufficient sealing reliability: Existing gearboxes use a single-layer oil seal structure, such as a common skeleton oil seal, which is difficult to prevent straw debris and dust from entering, leading to premature bearing wear and an average service life of less than 2,000 hours.

[0005] The maintenance costs are high. The oil level test requires disassembling the cover, and the machine needs to be stopped multiple times to replenish the lubricating oil during the maintenance cycle. In addition, the bearing clearance adjustment relies on professional tools, and on-site debugging takes more than 3 hours per time.

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model proposes a gearbox for a six-rope large square baler. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a gearbox for a six-rope large square baler.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A gearbox for a six-rope large square baler includes,

[0010] The enclosure assembly consists of a front enclosure and a rear enclosure that are joined together to form a closed cavity. The front enclosure has a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface.

[0011] The enclosure cover system includes an enclosure cover installed on the first mounting surface of the front enclosure, an enclosure cover installed on the second mounting surface, and a blind cover located at the input end and a blind cover located at the output end.

[0012] The transmission shaft system includes an input shaft passing through the housing cover, an output shaft passing through the housing cover, a parallel-arranged gear shaft, and an intermediate shaft. The input shaft is connected to the intermediate shaft via the gear shaft, and the intermediate shaft meshes with the output shaft via a cylindrical gear.

[0013] Gear set, consisting of gears and gears fixed to the input shaft, cylindrical gears fixed to the gear shaft, and cylindrical gear shafts fixed to the intermediate shaft;

[0014] The bearing system includes double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings supporting the input shaft, double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings supporting the output shaft, tapered roller bearings and single-row cylindrical roller bearings supporting the gear shaft, double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings supporting the intermediate shaft, and deep groove ball bearings.

[0015] The positioning structure includes a spacer between the bearings, an axially locking nut, an adjusting sleeve, a first baffle, and a second baffle.

[0016] The sealing assembly includes an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal for the input shaft, an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal for the output shaft, an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal for the intermediate shaft, a solid oil seal for the housing mating surface, and an O-ring.

[0017] Connectors used to fix the housing include coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolts, internal hexagonal head screws, equal-length studs, and hexagonal lock nuts.

[0018] Auxiliary structures include double-layer self-locking washers, cylindrical pins, internal hexagon plugs, copper vent plugs, stainless steel oil sight glasses, copper washers, spring washers, baffles, plugs, wave spring washers, and dust covers for auxiliary installation.

[0019] Elastic limiting components include elastic retaining rings for holes, heavy-duty elastic retaining rings for holes, heavy-duty elastic retaining rings for shafts, and adjusting shims.

[0020] As a further improvement of this utility model, the transmission shaft system includes a three-stage speed change.

[0021] In the first stage of transmission, the gear on the input shaft drives the cylindrical gear on the gear shaft;

[0022] Two-stage transmission: the gear shaft drives the intermediate cylindrical gear shaft.

[0023] The transmission is a three-stage system, with the cylindrical gear on the intermediate shaft driving the output shaft.

[0024] As a further improvement of this utility model, the axial positioning of the bearing system includes: the input shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing by a spacer and fastened by a lock nut; the output shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing by a spacer and limited by a baffle.

[0025] The intermediate shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing by a spacer.

[0026] As a further improvement of this utility model, the sealing assembly forms triple protection: dynamic sealing, with an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal sealing the rotating shaft; static sealing, with a solid oil seal sealing the housing mating surface; and auxiliary sealing, with an O-ring, a sealed bearing end cap, and a plug.

[0027] As a further improvement of this utility model, the connector includes a differentiated fastening unit, which includes a main housing connection, a coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolt with double-layered self-locking washers.

[0028] The bearing end cap is connected with a hexagonal head screw with a full threaded spring washer.

[0029] The adjustment mechanism is connected by equal-length double-ended studs, hexagonal lock nuts, and wave spring washers.

[0030] As a further improvement of this utility model, the auxiliary structure includes a functional module, a monitoring module, a stainless steel oil sight glass, and a copper vent plug.

[0031] Maintenance module, with internal hexagonal plug and copper washer;

[0032] Protective module, dust cover and plug.

[0033] As a further improvement of this utility model, the elastic limiting member includes a bearing outer ring fixation, an elastic retaining ring for the hole, and a heavy-duty elastic retaining ring for the hole.

[0034] The bearing inner ring is fixed, and a flexible retaining ring is used for heavy-duty shafts;

[0035] Gap compensation, including adjusting shims.

[0036] As a further improvement of this utility model, the housing assembly is equipped with a safety structure, input shaft protection, and a double isolation formed by the end cap and dust cover;

[0037] Output shaft protection: the end cap and baffle form an axial limit.

[0038] For emergency pressure relief, the plug is equipped with a spring washer.

[0039] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0040] (1) Significantly improved transmission efficiency: Through the design of the three-stage transmission shaft system, the gear meshing parameters and shaft layout are optimized, the mechanical loss superposition of multi-stage transmission chains is reduced, and the consistency of bundling density is improved; at the same time, the bearing system adopts a combination of double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings, and is equipped with positioning structures such as spacers and lock nuts, which solves the problem of multi-shaft collaborative support, avoids shaft resonance during high-speed operation, and further ensures the high efficiency of power transmission.

[0041] (2) Significantly enhanced sealing and anti-pollution performance: A triple sealing system with dynamic and static sealing is constructed. The inner skeleton double-lip oil seal forms a dynamic seal on the rotating shaft, the solid oil seal seals the mating surface of the housing to achieve a static seal, and the O-ring seal, the sealed bearing end cover and plug constitute an auxiliary seal, effectively preventing the intrusion of straw debris and dust, and extending the service life of the bearing.

[0042] (3) Significantly improved maintenance convenience: The integrated auxiliary structure design allows for direct observation of the oil level through the stainless steel oil sight glass without disassembling the cover; the internal hexagon plugs and copper washers facilitate the replenishment and replacement of lubricating oil, reducing the number of downtime maintenance times; the setting of the adjusting shims eliminates the need for professional tools to adjust the bearing clearance, reducing maintenance costs and complexity.

[0043] (4) Enhanced operational safety and reliability: The safety structure added to the housing components, the input shaft end cap and dust cover form double isolation, the output shaft end cap and baffle achieve axial limit, and the plug with spring washer provides emergency pressure relief, effectively addressing the protection requirements of the input and output shafts and the problem of abnormal pressure inside the housing; the elastic limit component, through the elastic retaining rings for the hole and shaft and the adjusting shims, ensures the stable fixation of the bearing and clearance compensation, improving the long-term reliable operation capability of the gearbox under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gearbox structure of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a side view of the gearbox of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a first cross-sectional view of the gearbox of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model;

[0047] Figure 4 This is the second cross-sectional view of the gearbox of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model;

[0048] Figure 5 This is the third cross-sectional view of the gearbox of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model.

[0049] Figure 6 This is the fourth cross-sectional view of the gearbox of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model.

[0050] Figure 7 This is the fifth cross-sectional view of the gearbox of the six-rope large square baler of this utility model.

[0051] Attached diagram labels: 1. Front housing; 2. Rear housing; 3. Gear; 4. Gear shaft; 5. Cylindrical gear; 6. Cylindrical gear shaft; 7. Output shaft; 8. Intermediate shaft; 9. Housing cover; 10. End cap; 11. Spacer; 12. Locking nut; 13. Adjusting sleeve; 14. First baffle; 15. Second baffle; 16. Double row self-aligning roller bearing; 17. Tapered roller bearing; 18. Single row cylindrical roller bearing; 19. Elastic retaining ring for bore; 20. Heavy-duty elastic retaining ring for bore; 21. Heavy-duty elastic retaining ring for shaft; 2 2. Adjusting shims; 23. Inner skeleton double-lip oil seal; 24. Solid oil seal; 25. O-ring seal; 26. Coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolt; 27. Socket hexagonal head screw with full thread; 28. Equal-length double-ended stud; 29. ​​Hexagonal lock nut; 30. Double-layered self-locking washer; 31. Cylindrical pin; 32. Socket hexagonal plug; 33. Copper vent plug; 34. Stainless steel oil sight glass; 35. Copper washer; 36. Spring washer; 37. Baffle; 38. Plug; 39. Dust cover; 40. Wave spring washer. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Identical components are indicated by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "bottom surface," "top surface," "inner," and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0053] This utility model embodiment proposes a gearbox for a six-rope large square baler, comprising:

[0054] The enclosure assembly consists of a front enclosure and a rear enclosure that are joined together to form a closed cavity. The front enclosure has a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface.

[0055] The front and rear housings are made of high-strength cast iron, and precision machining ensures the flatness of the mating surfaces. After mating, they form a closed cavity, providing a stable installation and working space for internal components such as drive shafts and gear sets. The front housing has a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface for installing the housing cover system. The mounting surfaces are ground to ensure installation accuracy.

[0056] The enclosure cover system includes a cover mounted on the first mounting surface of the front enclosure and a cover mounted on the second mounting surface. Both covers are made of stamped steel sheet and then machined, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to protect the components inside the enclosure. The input and output end caps are made of cast iron and are bolted to the enclosure to seal the ends and prevent dust and impurities from entering the enclosure.

[0057] The transmission shaft system includes an input shaft passing through the housing cover, an output shaft passing through the housing cover, a parallel-arranged gear shaft, and an intermediate shaft. The input shaft is connected to the intermediate shaft via the gear shaft, and the intermediate shaft meshes with the output shaft via a cylindrical gear.

[0058] The input shaft, output shaft, gear shaft, and intermediate shaft are all made of 45# steel and heat-treated, possessing high strength and toughness. The input shaft passes through the housing cover, with one end connected to the tractor's power output and the other end connected to the gear shaft via a gear. The output shaft passes through the housing cover and transmits power to the baling mechanism. The gear shaft and intermediate shaft are arranged in parallel, and power transmission is achieved through gear meshing.

[0059] Gear set, consisting of gears and gears fixed to the input shaft, cylindrical gears fixed to the gear shaft, and cylindrical gear shafts fixed to the intermediate shaft;

[0060] All gears are made of 20CrMnTi material and undergo carburizing and quenching treatment, achieving a tooth surface hardness of HRC58-62, exhibiting high wear resistance and contact fatigue strength. The gears, fixed to the input shaft, gear shaft, and intermediate shaft, are circumferentially secured via key connections, ensuring reliable power transmission.

[0061] The bearing system includes double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings supporting the input shaft, double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings supporting the output shaft, tapered roller bearings and single-row cylindrical roller bearings supporting the gear shaft, double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings supporting the intermediate shaft, and deep groove ball bearings.

[0062] Double-row self-aligning roller bearings have an automatic self-aligning function, which can compensate for shaft installation errors and deformation, and are suitable for bearing large radial loads and a certain amount of axial loads; tapered roller bearings can bear both radial and axial loads simultaneously, with a large load-bearing capacity; single-row cylindrical roller bearings mainly bear radial loads and have a high limiting speed; deep groove ball bearings can bear both radial and axial loads, have a simple structure, and are easy to use. The selection of these bearings ensures the stable operation of the transmission shaft system.

[0063] The positioning structure includes a spacer between the bearings, an axially locking nut, an adjusting sleeve, a first baffle, and a second baffle. The spacer, made of 45# steel, separates the bearings, ensuring axial distance between them and preventing interference. The locking nut, made of high-strength alloy structural steel, axially locks the bearings, preventing axial movement during operation. The adjusting sleeve, first baffle, and second baffle assist in positioning, ensuring the installation accuracy of each component.

[0064] The sealing assembly includes an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal for the input shaft, an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal for the output shaft, an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal for the intermediate shaft, a solid oil seal for the housing mating surface, and an O-ring.

[0065] The inner skeleton double-lip oil seal is made of nitrile rubber, which has good oil resistance and wear resistance. The double-lip design improves the sealing effect and effectively prevents lubricating oil leakage and the ingress of external dust and impurities. The solid oil seal is used for sealing the mating surfaces of the housing and has good sealing performance. The O-ring is made of rubber and is used for various static sealing parts, providing reliable sealing.

[0066] Connectors used to fix the housing include coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolts, internal hexagonal head screws, equal-length studs, and hexagonal lock nuts.

[0067] Coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolts, internal hexagonal head screws, equal-length studs, and hexagonal lock nuts are all made of high-strength steel. After heat treatment, they have high strength and hardness, ensuring a firm and reliable connection between components.

[0068] Auxiliary structures include double-layer self-locking washers, cylindrical pins, internal hexagon plugs, copper vent plugs, stainless steel oil sight glasses, copper washers, spring washers, baffles, plugs, wave spring washers, and dust covers for auxiliary installation.

[0069] The double-layer self-locking washer consists of two identical washers that interlock to achieve a self-locking function, preventing bolt loosening. Cylindrical pins are used for positioning, ensuring the relative positional accuracy between components. Hex socket plugs are used to seal process holes on the housing; used in conjunction with copper washers, they provide a good seal. Copper vent plugs balance the air pressure inside and outside the housing, preventing excessive pressure from damaging the seals. A stainless steel oil sight glass allows for easy observation of the lubricating oil level inside the housing. Spring washers, baffles, plugs, wave spring washers, and dust covers also play their respective roles in auxiliary installation and protection.

[0070] Elastic limiting components include elastic retaining rings for holes, heavy-duty elastic retaining rings for holes, heavy-duty elastic retaining rings for shafts, and adjusting shims.

[0071] Bore retaining rings and heavy-duty bore retaining rings are used to fix the outer ring of the bearing. They are installed in the slots of the housing, featuring a simple structure and convenient installation. Heavy-duty shaft retaining rings are used to fix the inner ring of the bearing. They are installed in the slots of the shaft and can withstand larger axial forces. Adjusting shims are made of metal. The bearing clearance is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of shims to ensure normal bearing operation.

[0072] In this embodiment, the various components work together to form a compact and rationally laid-out gearbox assembly. The gearbox housing provides a stable mounting base for other components; the gearbox cover system provides protection and sealing; the drive shaft system and gear set are the core components for power transmission; the bearing system ensures the flexible operation of the shafts; the positioning structure ensures the accurate positioning of each component; the sealing assembly prevents lubricating oil leakage and external contamination; the connecting parts firmly connect the various components together; and the auxiliary structures and elastic limiting components further improve the reliability and performance of the gearbox.

[0073] When the tractor's power is transmitted to the input shaft, the input shaft drives the gear shaft to rotate via gears. The gear shaft then drives the intermediate shaft to rotate via gears, and the intermediate shaft finally drives the output shaft to rotate via cylindrical gears, thus transmitting power to the baling mechanism. Throughout the power transmission process, the bearing system ensures the smooth operation of each shaft, the precise meshing of the gear sets achieves efficient power transmission, the sealing components effectively prevent lubricating oil leakage and the intrusion of external dust and impurities, and the positioning structure and elastic limit components ensure the positional stability of each component during dynamic operation, avoiding unnecessary vibration and impact.

[0074] Specifically, the transmission system includes a three-stage speed change.

[0075] In the first stage of transmission, the gear on the input shaft drives the cylindrical gear on the gear shaft;

[0076] Two-stage transmission: the gear shaft drives the intermediate cylindrical gear shaft.

[0077] The transmission is a three-stage system, with the cylindrical gear on the intermediate shaft driving the output shaft.

[0078] In the three-stage transmission system, the module and number of teeth of the input shaft gear and the gear shaft cylindrical gear in the first-stage transmission are precisely calculated and designed to achieve a specific transmission ratio, transmitting the speed and torque of the input shaft to the gear shaft. Similarly, the gear shaft gear and the intermediate shaft cylindrical gear shaft in the second-stage transmission are designed with appropriate parameters according to transmission requirements, further altering the speed and torque and transmitting them to the intermediate shaft. Finally, the gear meshing between the intermediate shaft cylindrical gear and the output shaft in the third-stage transmission transmits power to the output shaft at a suitable speed and torque.

[0079] The three-stage transmission system has a reasonable layout, and the center distance between each shaft has been precisely calculated to ensure correct gear meshing. The gear parameters are designed reasonably to meet the requirements for power transmission.

[0080] When the input shaft rotates, the gear on the input shaft in the first-stage transmission drives the cylindrical gear on the gear shaft to rotate, achieving the first speed change. The rotation of the gear shaft drives the gear on it to rotate, which in turn drives the cylindrical gear shaft on the intermediate shaft to rotate, completing the second-stage transmission speed change. After the intermediate shaft rotates, the cylindrical gear on it drives the output shaft to rotate, achieving the third-stage transmission speed change. Through three-stage speed change, the power input from the tractor can be converted into the appropriate speed and torque required by the baling mechanism, improving the working efficiency and baling quality of the baler. Compared with single-stage transmission, this multi-stage transmission method allows for more flexible adjustment of the transmission ratio to meet the power requirements under different working conditions.

[0081] Specifically, the axial positioning of the bearing system includes: the input shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing by a spacer and secured by a lock nut; the output shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing by a spacer and limited by a baffle.

[0082] The intermediate shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing and the tapered roller bearing by a spacer.

[0083] For axial positioning of the input shaft bearing system, the spacer is machined from 45# steel with precise length, accurately separating the double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings, maintaining a suitable distance between the two bearings and preventing mutual interference. The lock nut is made of high-strength material and has a precise thread fit with the input shaft, firmly fixing the bearing and preventing axial movement.

[0084] In the axial positioning of the output shaft bearing system, the spacer serves the same function as the spacer on the input shaft, separating the double-row self-aligning roller bearings from the tapered roller bearings. The baffle, machined from steel plate, is bolted to the housing to axially limit the bearings on the output shaft, ensuring stable axial position.

[0085] The intermediate shaft bearing system is axially positioned, and the spacer is also used to separate the double-row self-aligning roller bearings and tapered roller bearings to ensure the correct installation position of the two bearings.

[0086] From a static perspective, this axial positioning method is simple and reliable, ensuring that the bearing has an accurate axial position during installation, thus providing a foundation for the normal operation of the bearing.

[0087] From a dynamic perspective, during gearbox operation, the input shaft, output shaft, and intermediate shaft are all subjected to axial forces. The input shaft, secured by a lock nut, effectively resists axial forces and prevents axial movement of the bearing. The output shaft, limited by a baffle, ensures the axial stability of the bearing. The intermediate shaft, separated and positioned by spacers, can also withstand a certain amount of axial force. This axial positioning method ensures the stability of the bearing system during dynamic operation, reduces vibration and noise, and extends the service life of the bearings.

[0088] Specifically, the sealing assembly provides triple protection: dynamic sealing, with an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal sealing the rotating shaft; static sealing, with a solid oil seal sealing the housing mating surface; and auxiliary sealing, with an O-ring, a sealed bearing end cap, and a plug.

[0089] The inner skeleton of the double-lip oil seal is made of thin steel plate by stamping, which enhances the rigidity of the oil seal. The double-lip design forms two sealing lines. The lips are in close contact with the rotating shaft, which can effectively prevent lubricating oil from leaking from the gap between the rotating shaft and the housing when the shaft rotates, while preventing the intrusion of external straw debris, dust and other substances.

[0090] Solid oil seals are made of rubber, which has good elasticity and sealing performance. When installed between the mating surfaces of the housing, they can fill the tiny gaps between the mating surfaces, prevent lubricating oil from leaking from the mating surfaces, and prevent external impurities from entering.

[0091] O-rings are installed in various static sealing areas, such as the connection between the housing cover and the housing body, and the connection between the bearing end cover and the housing body. They utilize their elastic deformation to fill the sealing gaps, thus achieving a seal. The bearing end cover is bolted to the housing body, and the mating surfaces are precision-machined to ensure reliable sealing. Plugs are used to plug process holes and oil drain holes on the housing body; they are threaded to the housing body and work with sealing gaskets to achieve a seal.

[0092] These triple-protection sealing components work together to form a complete sealing system that can completely prevent lubricating oil leakage and the intrusion of external impurities, ensuring the cleanliness of the gearbox interior and sufficient lubricating oil.

[0093] During gearbox operation, the rotating shaft rotates at high speed, and the double lips of the inner skeleton double-lip oil seal always maintain close contact with the shaft, ensuring a stable dynamic sealing effect. Under the influence of factors such as vibration, the solid oil seal can maintain good sealing performance on the gearbox mating surface by relying on its own elasticity. The auxiliary sealing O-rings, sealed bearing end caps, and plugs can also maintain reliable sealing under various working conditions, ensuring the normal operation of the gearbox in complex working environments.

[0094] Specifically, the connector includes a differentiated fastening unit, which includes the main housing connection, a coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolt with double-layered self-locking washers. The coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolt has a large diameter and coarse threads, giving it high strength and load-bearing capacity. When used with double-layered self-locking washers, the double-layered self-locking washers generate friction through the interlocking of the two washers, which can effectively prevent the bolt from loosening under vibration and other working conditions, ensuring a firm connection between the front housing and the rear housing and other main components.

[0095] The bearing end cover is connected with a hexagonal head screw with a full thread and a spring washer. The hexagonal head screw has a round head, which is aesthetically pleasing after installation and less likely to scratch other parts. The full thread design provides a more reliable connection. When used with a spring washer, the spring washer deforms elastically when the screw is tightened, generating an axial preload on the screw to prevent it from loosening and ensure a reliable connection between the bearing end cover and the housing.

[0096] The adjustment mechanism is connected using equal-length double-ended studs, hexagonal lock nuts, and wave spring washers. Both ends of the equal-length double-ended studs are threaded, and they work with the hexagonal lock nuts and wave spring washers. The wave spring washers have good elasticity and compensation capabilities, generating preload at the connection point and compensating for gaps caused by vibration, temperature changes, etc., ensuring the reliability and adjustment accuracy of the adjustment mechanism.

[0097] These differentiated fastening units are designed according to the stress conditions and usage requirements of different connection parts, and appropriate connectors are selected to ensure the strength, rigidity and reliability of the connection between the components.

[0098] During gearbox operation, various connecting parts are subjected to forces such as vibration and impact. The coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolts and double-layered self-locking washers on the main connection of the gearbox can resist large forces and ensure the integrity of the gearbox. The internal hexagonal head bolts and spring washers on the bearing end cover connection can prevent the bearing end cover from loosening and ensure the normal working environment of the bearing. The equal-length double-ended studs, hexagonal lock nuts, and wave spring washers on the adjustment mechanism connection can ensure the connection stability of the adjustment mechanism under dynamic conditions and ensure the normal adjustment function of the gearbox.

[0099] Specifically, the auxiliary structure includes a functional module, a monitoring module, a stainless steel oil sight glass, and a copper vent plug. The stainless steel oil sight glass, made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant stainless steel, is installed on the side of the enclosure. It allows direct observation of the lubricating oil level and quality within the enclosure, facilitating timely monitoring of the lubricating oil's condition. The copper vent plug, installed on the top of the enclosure, is made of copper, which offers excellent corrosion resistance. It incorporates a filter to balance the internal and external air pressure while preventing external dust and impurities from entering the enclosure.

[0100] The maintenance module uses an internal hexagonal plug with a copper washer. The internal hexagonal plug is made of metal and is installed in positions such as the drain hole of the housing. It is used in conjunction with the copper washer, which has good sealing and ductility, ensuring a reliable seal between the plug and the housing. When draining oil or performing internal maintenance, simply remove the internal hexagonal plug for quick and easy maintenance.

[0101] The protective module consists of a dust cover and a plug. The dust cover, made of plastic or metal, is installed at the input and output ends to prevent dust and rainwater from directly falling onto the shaft end and connectors. The plug is used to seal temporarily unused process holes to prevent impurities from entering.

[0102] The monitoring module, maintenance module, and protection module are independent yet work together, providing convenient conditions for the monitoring, maintenance, and protection of the gearbox. The structure is reasonably designed and the installation position is appropriate.

[0103] During gearbox operation, the stainless steel oil sight glass of the monitoring module can observe the lubricating oil status in real time, and the copper vent plug ensures the balance of air pressure inside and outside the gearbox, avoiding damage caused by air pressure.

[0104] Specifically, the elastic limiting component includes a bearing outer ring fixation, a bore elastic retaining ring, and a heavy-duty bore elastic retaining ring. Both the bore elastic retaining ring and the heavy-duty bore elastic retaining ring are made of spring steel and have good elasticity and toughness after heat treatment. The bore elastic retaining ring is installed in the annular groove on the inner wall of the bearing hole of the housing. Its outer diameter fits tightly with the groove, and its inner diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the bearing outer ring. It clamps the bearing outer ring through its own elastic deformation, preventing the outer ring from moving in the axial direction. The heavy-duty bore elastic retaining ring is larger and thicker, and is suitable for fixing the bearing outer ring that bears a large axial force. The installation method is the same as that of the ordinary bore elastic retaining ring, but it can provide a stronger limiting effect, especially suitable for shaft bearings with large loads such as intermediate shafts.

[0105] The bearing inner ring is fixed, and a heavy-duty shaft uses an elastic retaining ring. The heavy-duty shaft elastic retaining ring is also made of high-strength spring steel and is installed in the annular groove of the drive shaft. Its inner diameter fits tightly with the shaft groove, and its outer diameter is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the bearing inner ring. It clamps the bearing inner ring through elastic deformation, preventing the inner ring from moving axially on the shaft and ensuring the synchronous operation of the bearing and the shaft. It is suitable for shaft systems with high-speed rotation and large axial force, such as input shafts and output shafts.

[0106] Clearance compensation includes adjusting shims. Adjusting shims are made of low-carbon steel or copper, offering good flatness and wear resistance. Different thickness combinations of shims can be selected based on bearing clearance requirements. During bearing installation, the adjusting shims are placed between the bearing end face and positioning components such as spacers or baffles. By increasing or decreasing the number of shims or replacing them with shims of different thicknesses, the clearance caused by manufacturing errors, installation deviations, or long-term operation is precisely compensated, ensuring the bearing is in optimal working condition.

[0107] The components of the elastic limiting device have a simple structure and are easy to install. They can accurately fix the axial direction of the outer and inner rings of the bearing, while the adjusting shims provide an adjustable compensation method for the bearing clearance, ensuring that each bearing is in a stable position and has a reasonable clearance in the installed state, thus laying the foundation for stable support of the shaft system.

[0108] During gearbox operation, the bearings bear radial and axial loads. The flexible retaining rings for the bore and the heavy-duty flexible retaining rings for the bore firmly lock the outer ring of the bearing in place through continuous elastic force, preventing relative slippage between the outer ring and the housing bore. The heavy-duty flexible retaining rings for the shaft prevent relative displacement between the inner ring of the bearing and the shaft through elastic clamping force, ensuring continuous power transmission. Adjusting the shims to compensate for appropriate clearance reduces frictional loss, vibration, and noise during high-speed rotation, extending bearing life. The combined effect of these three elements effectively suppresses axial movement during shaft system operation and improves overall transmission stability.

[0109] Specifically, the housing assembly incorporates a safety structure with input shaft protection, forming a double isolation system with a cap and a dust cover. The cap, made of cast iron, is installed on the outside of the housing cover at the end of the input shaft. Its center hole is clearance-fitted with the input shaft, and its edges are fixed to the housing cover with bolts, forming the first physical barrier. The dust cover, made of wear-resistant rubber or metal, is fitted onto the portion of the input shaft that extends beyond the cap. Its inner side fits against the end face of the cap, and its outer edge bends inward to wrap around the surface of the input shaft, forming the second layer of protection. In this double isolation structure, the cap blocks most of the direct intrusion of straw fragments and dust, while the dust cover further seals the gap between the shaft and the cap, preventing fine particles from entering the housing through the gaps.

[0110] The output shaft is protected by an axial limit formed by the end cap and the baffle. The end cap at the end of the output shaft is installed in the same way as the end cap of the input shaft, which is used to initially block impurities. The baffle is made of steel plate and is fixed to the end of the output shaft by bolts. Its outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the center hole of the end cap, forming an axial clearance fit with the end face of the end cap. This does not affect the rotation of the output shaft, but also limits the maximum displacement of the output shaft in the axial direction, avoiding excessive shaft movement due to overload or vibration, while also helping to block external impurities.

[0111] For emergency pressure relief, the plug is equipped with a spring washer. The plug is made of brass and installed at the pressure relief hole on the side of the housing. It is threaded to the hole wall, and a spring washer is installed between the plug and the housing. The spring washer is made of spring steel. When the plug is tightened, it undergoes elastic deformation, keeping the plug and the hole wall tightly fitted, thus providing a seal under normal operating conditions. When the air pressure inside the housing abnormally rises above the preset safety value due to reasons such as lubricating oil emulsification or a sudden increase in temperature, the excessive air pressure will overcome the elastic force of the spring washer, causing the plug to loosen slightly. This allows the high-pressure gas inside to escape through the gap, preventing the housing from deforming or rupturing due to overpressure. After the air pressure returns to normal, the elastic force of the spring washer will cause the plug to reseal.

[0112] The safety structure features a rationally arranged layout of its components. The dual isolation of the end cap and dust cover, the axial limiting of the end cap and baffle, and the emergency pressure relief combination of the plug and spring washer form a comprehensive safety protection system that can achieve basic protection functions without additional power.

[0113] When the input shaft rotates at high speed, the double isolation structure continuously blocks the high concentration of dust in the straw baling environment, reducing the wear of impurities on the input shaft seals and bearings; when the output shaft transmits torque, the axial limiting effect of the baffle effectively suppresses the axial movement of the shaft system caused by load fluctuations, ensuring gear meshing accuracy; when abnormal high pressure occurs in the gearbox, the emergency pressure relief structure can quickly respond and release the pressure to avoid safety accidents, and automatically reset the seal after the pressure is restored, ensuring the safe operation of the gearbox under complex working conditions.

[0114] The foregoing has illustrated and described the basic features, principles, and advantages of this utility model. It should be noted that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, but only to some embodiments. Any improvements and additions made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model are considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A six lane rope large square bale baler gearbox characterized by, include, The housing assembly includes a front housing (1) and a rear housing (2) connected to form a closed cavity. The front housing (1) is provided with a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface. The cover (9) system includes a cover (9) mounted on a first mounting surface of the front housing (1), a cover (9) mounted on a second mounting surface, and a blind cover (10) provided at the input end and a blind cover (10) provided at the output end; The transmission shaft system includes an input shaft passing through the cover (9), an output shaft (7) passing through the cover (9), a parallel gear shaft (4), and an intermediate shaft (8). The input shaft is connected to the intermediate shaft (8) through the gear shaft (4), and the intermediate shaft (8) meshes with the output shaft (7) through a cylindrical gear (5). Gear (3) group, gear (3) and gear (3) fixed to the input shaft, cylindrical gear (5) fixed to the gear shaft (4), and cylindrical gear (5) shaft fixed to the intermediate shaft (8); The bearing system includes double-row self-aligning roller bearings (16) and tapered roller bearings (17) supporting the input shaft, double-row self-aligning roller bearings (16) and tapered roller bearings (17) supporting the output shaft (7), tapered roller bearings (17) and single-row cylindrical roller bearings (18) supporting the gear shaft (4), double-row self-aligning roller bearings (16) and tapered roller bearings (17) supporting the intermediate shaft (8), and deep groove ball bearings; The positioning structure includes a spacer (11) between the bearings, a locking nut (12) for axial locking, an adjusting sleeve (13), a first baffle (14), and a second baffle (15). The sealing assembly includes an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal (23) for sealing the input shaft, an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal (23) for the output shaft (7), an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal (23) for the intermediate shaft (8), a solid oil seal (24) for the housing mating surface, and an O-ring. Connectors for fixing the housing: coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolts (26), internal hexagonal head screws (27), equal-length studs (28), and hexagonal lock nuts (29); Auxiliary structures include double-layer self-locking washers (30), cylindrical pins (31), internal hexagon plugs (38), copper vent plugs (33), stainless steel oil sight glasses (34), copper washers (35), spring washers (36), baffles (37), plugs (38), wave spring washers (40), and dust covers (39) for auxiliary installation. The elastic limiting component includes an elastic retaining ring (19) for a hole for elastic limiting, a heavy-duty elastic retaining ring (20) for a hole, a heavy-duty elastic retaining ring (21) for a shaft, and an adjusting shim (22).

2. A six-rope large square bale baler gearbox according to claim 1 wherein, The transmission system includes a three-stage speed change. In the first stage of transmission, the gear (3) on the input shaft drives the cylindrical gear (5) on the gear shaft (4); Secondary transmission, the gear (3) of the gear shaft (4) drives the cylindrical gear (5) of the intermediate shaft (8); The three-stage transmission uses a cylindrical gear (5) on the intermediate shaft (8) to drive the output shaft (7).

3. The gear (3) box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial positioning of the bearing system includes: the input shaft is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing (16) and the tapered roller bearing (17) by a spacer (11) and is fastened by a lock nut (12); the output shaft (7) is separated from the double-row self-aligning roller bearing (16) and the tapered roller bearing (17) by a spacer (11) and is limited by a baffle. The intermediate shaft (8) separates the double-row self-aligning roller bearing (16) from the tapered roller bearing (17) by a spacer (11).

4. The gearbox of a six-rope large square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing assembly forms triple protection: dynamic sealing, with an inner skeleton double-lip oil seal (23) sealing the rotating shaft; static sealing, with a solid oil seal (24) sealing the housing mating surface; and auxiliary sealing, with an O-ring, a sealed bearing end cap, and a plug (38).

5. The gearbox of a six-rope large square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connector includes a differentiated fastening unit, which includes a main housing connection, a coarse-threaded hexagonal head bolt (26) with a double-layered self-locking washer (30); The bearing end cap is connected with a hexagonal head screw (27) and a spring washer (36). The adjustment mechanism is connected by an equal-length double-ended stud (28) in conjunction with a hexagonal lock nut (29) and a wave spring washer (40).

6. The gearbox of a six-rope large square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary structure includes a functional module, a monitoring module, a stainless steel oil sight glass (34), and a copper vent plug (33); Maintenance module, with internal hexagon plug (38) and copper washer (35); Protective module, dust cover (39) and plug (38).

7. The gearbox of a six-rope large square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic limiting component includes a bearing outer ring fixing, an elastic retaining ring (19) for the bore, and a heavy-duty elastic retaining ring (20) for the bore. The bearing inner ring is fixed, and a heavy-duty shaft uses an elastic retaining ring (21); Gap compensation, including adjusting shims (22).

8. The gearbox of a six-rope large square baler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure assembly is equipped with a safety structure, input shaft protection, and the blind cover (10) and dust cover (39) form a double isolation; The output shaft (7) is protected, and the end cap (10) and the baffle (37) form an axial limit; For emergency pressure relief, the plug (38) is equipped with a spring washer (36).

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