Composite Coal Grading and Upgrading Device and Composite Coal Grading and Upgrading Dry Distillation System
By using a composite coal grading and upgrading device, low-temperature dehydration and low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation devices allow flue gas to directly contact coal. Combined with a circulation system and temperature regulation, this solves the problem of flue gas heat waste in the graded utilization of low-rank coal, and achieves efficient and economical graded utilization of low-rank coal.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHONGQING FURAN TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies for the graded and graded utilization of low-rank coal, indirect dry distillation leads to waste of flue gas heat, increases the consumption of flue gas and coal gas, increases equipment scale and construction costs, and has low economic efficiency.
A composite coal grading and upgrading device is adopted. The flue gas is directly contacted with the coal for dehydration through a low-temperature dehydration device, and volatile matter is removed by a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device. Combined with cooling, fans and temperature control devices, a flue gas circulation system is formed to reduce flue gas consumption. The flue gas temperature is optimized through a flue gas replenishment pipe to reduce coal gas consumption.
It effectively reduces flue gas and coal gas consumption, improves equipment utilization efficiency, reduces construction costs, and achieves efficient and economical graded utilization of low-rank coal.
Smart Images
Figure CN224430534U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dehydration and volatile matter removal technology for high-moisture and high-volatile coal, and in particular to a composite coal grading and upgrading device and a composite coal grading and upgrading dry distillation system. Background Technology
[0002] my country has abundant reserves of low-rank coal, approaching 500 billion tons, accounting for about 42% of the proven coal reserves. Due to its characteristics of low calorific value, high moisture content, and high volatile matter, low-rank coal has low utilization rate and economic value. Existing technologies for the graded and graded utilization of low-rank coal are mostly low-level dry distillation and upgrading. How to achieve graded utilization of low-rank coal in a more economical, efficient, and safe manner remains a major challenge.
[0003] To transform low-value, low-rank coal into high-value products, the key lies in removing moisture and volatile matter. Existing dehydration and volatile matter removal technologies employ indirect contact carbonization. Indirect carbonization typically uses flue gas as a heat source, which wastes some of the heat from the flue gas, increasing its consumption. The heat from the flue gas needs to be replenished by burning coal gas, further increasing coal gas consumption. Moreover, this method requires larger-scale equipment and higher construction costs, resulting in low economic efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a composite coal grading and upgrading device and a composite coal grading and upgrading dry distillation system that can reduce flue gas consumption.
[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a composite coal grading and upgrading device. The composite coal grading and upgrading device includes a low-temperature dehydration device for dehydration through direct contact between flue gas and coal; a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device for dry distilling the dehydrated coal to extract volatiles; a cooling device for cooling the flue gas; a first and second fan for driving the flow of flue gas; and a first and second temperature regulating device for adjusting the flue gas temperature. The low-temperature dehydration device has a first flue gas outlet and a first flue gas inlet. The first flue gas outlet is connected to the first inlet via a first circulation pipe. The cooling device, the first fan, and the first temperature regulating device are sequentially arranged on the first circulation pipe. The low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device has a second smoke outlet and a second smoke inlet. The second smoke outlet is connected to the second smoke inlet through the second circulation pipe. The second fan and the second temperature regulating device are sequentially arranged on the second circulation pipe. A flue gas replenishment pipe is connected between the second fan and the second temperature regulating device to replenish flue gas to the first circulation pipe to increase the temperature of the flue gas in the first circulation pipe. The flue gas replenishment pipe is connected to the first circulation pipe between the cooling device and the first fan.
[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling drum device for extracting coal tar from raw coal gas and a purification device for purifying raw coal gas. The cooling drum device is connected to a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device, and the purification device is connected to the cooling drum device. The purification device is also connected to the first temperature regulating device and the second temperature regulating device through pipelines.
[0007] Furthermore, the low-temperature dehydration device operates at a temperature of 150℃-200℃.
[0008] Furthermore, the operating temperature of the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus is 300℃-450℃.
[0009] Furthermore, the first circulation pipe is connected to an external exhaust pipe between the cooling device and the first fan or between the first smoke outlet and the cooling device.
[0010] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a composite coal grading and upgrading dry distillation system. The system includes a composite coal grading and upgrading device, a briquette processing mechanism for pressing coal with volatile matter precipitated into briquettes, and a medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device for high-temperature dry distillation of the briquettes. The composite coal grading and upgrading device includes a low-temperature dehydration device for dehydration through direct contact between flue gas and coal, a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device for dry distilling the dehydrated coal to precipitate volatile matter, a cooling device for cooling the flue gas, a first and second fan for driving the flue gas flow, and a first and second temperature regulating device for adjusting the flue gas temperature. The low-temperature dehydration device has a first flue gas outlet and a first flue gas inlet. The first flue gas outlet is connected to the first flue gas inlet through a first circulation pipe. The cooling device, the first fan, and the first temperature regulating device are sequentially arranged on the first circulation pipe. The low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device has a second flue gas outlet and a second flue gas inlet. The second flue gas outlet is connected to the second flue gas inlet through a second circulation pipe. The second fan and the second temperature regulating device are sequentially arranged on the second circulation pipe. A flue gas replenishment pipe is connected between the second fan and the second temperature regulating device to replenish flue gas to the first circulation pipe to increase the temperature of the flue gas in the first circulation pipe. The flue gas replenishment pipe is connected to the first circulation pipe between the cooling device and the first fan.
[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling drum device for extracting coal tar from raw coal gas and a purification device for purifying raw coal gas. There are two cooling drum devices, one of which is connected to a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device and the other is connected to a medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device. Both cooling drum devices are connected to the purification device. The purification device is also connected to the first temperature regulating device, the second temperature regulating device, and the medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device through pipelines.
[0012] Furthermore, the low-temperature dehydration device operates at a temperature of 150℃-200℃, the low-temperature anaerobic distillation device operates at a temperature of 300℃-450℃, and the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation device operates at a temperature of 700℃-1000℃.
[0013] Furthermore, the first circulation pipe is connected to an external exhaust pipe between the cooling device and the first fan or between the first smoke outlet and the cooling device.
[0014] Furthermore, the briquette processing mechanism includes a batching device for mixing coal discharged from the low-temperature anaerobic distillation unit with other raw materials according to a certain ratio to form materials, a pressing and forming machine for pressing the proportioned materials into briquettes, a drying device for removing moisture from the briquettes, and a heat exchanger for providing hot air to the drying device. The heat exchanger is connected to the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit, and the flue gas discharged from the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit enters the heat exchanger to heat the air. The heated air is then sent to the drying device.
[0015] This utility model relates to a composite coal grading and upgrading device and a composite coal grading and upgrading dry distillation system. It utilizes a low-temperature dehydration device for dehydration and a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device for volatile matter removal. Dehydration and volatile matter removal are handled by two separate devices, allowing the flue gas to directly contact the coal during dehydration. This enables the heat from the flue gas to be directly transferred to the coal, avoiding heat loss and reducing flue gas consumption, thereby reducing coal gas consumption, achieving energy saving and emission reduction. Furthermore, a flue gas replenishment pipe is installed to use part of the flue gas discharged from the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device to raise the temperature of the flue gas in the first circulation pipe, further reducing coal gas consumption and achieving even greater energy savings. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the composite coal grading and upgrading device and the composite coal grading and upgrading dry distillation system of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a composite coal grading and upgrading device.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the briquette processing mechanism.
[0019] The meanings of the labels in the attached diagram are as follows:
[0020] 1. Composite coal grading and upgrading device; 11. Low-temperature dehydration device; 12. Low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device; 13. Cooling device; 141. First blower; 142. Second blower; 151. First temperature regulating device; 152. Second temperature regulating device; 16. First circulation pipe; 17. Second circulation pipe; 18. External discharge pipe; 19. Flue gas replenishment pipe; 2. Briquette processing mechanism; 21. Batching device; 22. Pressing and molding machine; 23. Drying device; 24. Heat exchanger; 3. Medium and high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device; 4. Cooling drum device; 5. Purification device. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the composite coal grading and upgrading dry distillation system of this utility model includes a composite coal grading and upgrading device 1, a briquette processing mechanism 2, a medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 3, a cooling drum device 4, and a purification device 5. The composite coal grading and upgrading device 1 is used to dehydrate and remove volatile matter from low-rank coal, that is, to dehydrate and remove volatile matter from coal with high moisture and high volatile matter. The dehydrated and volatile matter-removed coal is sent to the briquette processing mechanism 2, which is used to press the coal into briquettes according to the formula and dry them. The medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 3 is used to perform high-temperature dry distillation on the briquettes. The operating temperature of the medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 3 is 700℃-1000℃ to ensure that the dry distillation purpose can be achieved. The cooling drum device 4 is connected to the raw coal gas outlet of the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit 3. The cooling drum device 4 is used to remove coal tar from the raw coal gas produced by the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit 3. The purification device 5 is connected to the cooling drum device 4. The purification device 5 is used to purify impurities in the raw coal gas to obtain hydrogen-rich coal gas. The purification device 5 is also connected to the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit 3 through a pipeline and serves as a cooling medium for the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit 3. The medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit 3, the cooling drum device 4, and the purification device 5 are existing equipment, and their principles and structures will not be described in detail here.
[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the composite coal grading and upgrading device 1 includes a low-temperature dehydration device 11, a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 12, a cooling device 13, a first blower 141, a second blower 142, a first temperature regulating device 151, a second temperature regulating device 152, a cooling drum device 4, and a purification device 5.
[0024] The low-temperature dehydration device 11 has a first flue gas outlet and a first flue gas inlet. Flue gas enters the device through the first flue gas inlet. The low-temperature dehydration device 11 achieves dehydration by directly heating the coal through contact with the flue gas. After heating the coal, the flue gas is discharged from the first flue gas outlet, at which point it contains a large amount of moisture. The low-temperature dehydration device 11 operates at a temperature of 150℃-200℃, ensuring that the coal does not burn while removing moisture and preventing the volatilization of volatile matter. It also ensures that no volatile matter burns within the low-temperature dehydration device 11. The low-temperature dehydration device 11 is typically a furnace. The first flue gas outlet and the first flue gas inlet are connected by a first circulation pipe 16. The cooling device 13, the first fan 141, and the first temperature regulating device 151 are sequentially mounted on the first circulation pipe 16. The cooling device 13 is used to cool the flue gas to precipitate water from it. Specifically, it lowers the temperature of the flue gas exiting the first flue gas outlet while simultaneously condensing and precipitating the water. The temperature at the first flue gas outlet is typically 80℃-100℃; after passing through the cooling device 13, the temperature can be reduced to 40℃. This allows the water in the flue gas to condense and precipitate at a low temperature, increasing the dryness of the flue gas and facilitating reuse. The cooling device 13 is usually a spray system; the condensed water is cooled and supplied to the cooling device 13, while excess water can be used by other equipment. The first fan 141 is used to drive the flue gas flow within the first circulation pipe 16, thereby sending the flue gas into the first temperature regulating device 151. The first temperature regulating device 151 is used to increase the flue gas temperature by burning coal gas to heat the flue gas. Simultaneously, the burned flue gas also passes through the first circulation pipe 16 into the low-temperature dehydration device 11. The first circulation pipe 16 is connected to an external exhaust pipe 18 between the cooling device 13 and the first fan 141 to discharge excess flue gas. Of course, in other embodiments, the external exhaust pipe 18 can also be located on the first circulation pipe 16 between the first flue gas outlet and the cooling device 13. The flue gas is in direct contact with the coal, with no heat loss, which can reduce the amount of flue gas used, thereby reducing the coal gas consumption of the first temperature regulating device 151.
[0025] The low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus 12 has a second flue gas outlet, a second flue gas inlet, and a raw coal gas outlet. Flue gas enters the apparatus through the second flue gas inlet. The apparatus removes volatiles by indirectly heating the coal through contact between the flue gas and the coal. After heating, the flue gas exits through the second flue gas outlet. Indirect contact heating typically employs heat exchange devices such as heat exchange tubes. The low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus 12 operates at a temperature of 300℃-450℃, ensuring effective volatilization of volatiles. The apparatus typically uses a furnace with an internal heat exchanger 24. The second flue gas outlet and the second flue gas inlet are connected by a second circulation pipe 17. The second fan 142 and the second temperature regulating device 152 are sequentially mounted on the second circulation pipe 17. The second fan 142 is used to drive the flow of flue gas in the second circulation pipe 17, thereby sending the flue gas into the second temperature regulating device 152. The second temperature regulating device 152 is used to increase the flue gas temperature by burning coal gas to heat the flue gas temperature. At the same time, the burned flue gas enters the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 12 through the second circulation pipe 17. The cooling drum device 4 is connected to the raw coal gas outlet of the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 12. The cooling drum device 4 is used to remove coal tar from the raw coal gas. The purification device 5 is connected to the cooling drum device 4. The purification device 5 is used to purify impurities in the raw coal gas to obtain hydrogen-rich coal gas. The cooling drum device 4 connected to the medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 3 and the cooling drum device 4 connected to the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 12 are connected to the same purification device 5. Of course, in other embodiments, different purification devices 5 can be connected separately.
[0026] A flue gas replenishment pipe 19 is provided between the first circulation pipe 16 and the second circulation pipe 17. One end of the flue gas replenishment pipe 19 is connected between the second fan 142 and the second temperature regulating device 152, and the other end of the flue gas replenishment pipe 19 is connected in front of the first fan 141. The flue gas in the second circulation pipe 17 is replenished into the first circulation pipe 16, which can discharge the excess in the second circulation pipe 17 and at the same time increase the temperature of the flue gas in the first circulation pipe 16, further reducing the gas consumption of the first temperature regulating device 151.
[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the briquette processing mechanism 2 includes a batching device 21 for mixing the coal discharged from the low-temperature anaerobic distillation device 12 with other raw materials according to a certain ratio to form a material, a pressing and forming machine 22 for pressing the proportioned material into briquettes, a drying device 23 for removing moisture from the briquettes, and a heat exchanger 24 for providing hot air to the drying device 23. The heat exchanger 24 is connected to the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation device 3. The flue gas discharged from the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation device 3 enters the heat exchanger 24 to heat the air, and the heated hot air is sent into the drying device 23.
[0028] Low-rank coal is fed into a low-temperature dehydration device 11, where flue gas dehydrates the coal. The dehydrated coal is then fed into a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 12, where volatile matter is removed. The coal is then fed into a batching device 21 for batching, and then pressed into briquettes using a pressing and molding machine 22. After drying, the briquettes are sent to a medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 3 for further dry distillation. Flue gas discharged from the low-temperature dehydration device 11 enters a first circulation pipe 16, where it is cooled by a cooling device 13 to remove moisture. It is then fed into a first temperature regulating device 151 via a first fan 141 for temperature adjustment. The first temperature regulating device 151, through a combustion purification device 5, increases the flue gas temperature, and then sends it back to the low-temperature dehydration device 11 for further dehydration, completing the flue gas circulation. Excess flue gas is discharged through an external exhaust pipe 18 to ensure a reasonable flue gas volume. The flue gas discharged from the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit 12 enters the second circulation pipe 17, and then is sent to the second temperature regulating device 152 by the second fan 142 to adjust the temperature. The second temperature regulating device 152 increases the temperature of the flue gas after the coal gas is purified by the combustion purification device 5, and then sends it back to the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit 12 to further remove volatiles, completing the flue gas circulation. The excess flue gas is sent to the first circulation pipe 16 through the flue gas replenishment pipe 19 to increase the flue gas temperature, ensuring a reasonable flue gas volume while reducing the coal gas consumption of the first temperature regulating device 151.
[0029] The system utilizes a low-temperature dehydration device 11 for dehydration and a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device 12 for volatile matter removal. The dehydration and volatile matter removal are handled by two separate devices, allowing the flue gas to come into direct contact with the coal during dehydration. This enables the heat from the flue gas to be directly transferred to the coal, avoiding heat loss, reducing flue gas consumption, and consequently reducing coal gas consumption, thus achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.
[0030] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, whether directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall also be within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A combined coal fractionation and upgrading apparatus, characterized by: The system includes a low-temperature dehydration device that dehydrates coal by directly contacting it with flue gas; a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device for pyrolyzing the dehydrated coal to extract volatiles; a cooling device for cooling the flue gas; a first and second fan for driving the flow of flue gas; and a first and second temperature regulating device for adjusting the flue gas temperature. The low-temperature dehydration device has a first flue gas outlet and a first flue gas inlet. The first flue gas outlet is connected to the first flue gas inlet via a first circulation pipe. The cooling device, the first fan, and the first temperature regulating device are sequentially mounted on the first circulation pipe. The low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device has a second flue gas outlet and a second flue gas inlet. The second flue gas outlet is connected to the second flue gas inlet via a second circulation pipe. The second fan and the second temperature regulating device are sequentially mounted on the second circulation pipe. A flue gas replenishment pipe is connected between the second fan and the second temperature regulating device to replenish flue gas into the first circulation pipe to increase the temperature of the flue gas in the first circulation pipe. The flue gas replenishment pipe is connected to the first circulation pipe between the cooling device and the first fan.
2. The combined coal fractionating and upgrading apparatus of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a cooling drum device for extracting coal tar from raw coal gas and a purification device for purifying raw coal gas. The cooling drum device is connected to a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device, and the purification device is connected to the cooling drum device. The purification device is also connected to the first temperature regulating device and the second temperature regulating device through pipelines.
3. The combined coal fractionating and upgrading apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The low-temperature dehydration device operates at a temperature of 150℃-200℃.
4. The combined coal fractionating and upgrading apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The operating temperature of the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation apparatus is 300℃-450℃.
5. The combined coal fractionating and upgrading apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The first circulation pipe is connected to an external exhaust pipe between the cooling device and the first fan or between the first smoke outlet and the cooling device.
6. A combined coal fractionation and upgrading dry distillation system, characterized by: The system includes a composite coal grading and upgrading device, a briquette processing unit for pressing coal with volatile matter into briquettes, and a medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation unit for high-temperature carbonization of the briquettes. The composite coal grading and upgrading device includes a low-temperature dehydration unit for dehydration through direct contact between flue gas and coal, a low-temperature anaerobic distillation unit for carbonizing the dehydrated coal to extract volatile matter, a cooling device for cooling the flue gas, a first and second fan for driving the flue gas flow, and a first and second temperature regulating device for adjusting the flue gas temperature. The low-temperature dehydration unit has a first flue gas outlet and a first flue gas inlet. A flue gas outlet is connected to a first flue gas inlet via a first circulation pipe. The cooling device, the first fan, and the first temperature regulating device are sequentially mounted on the first circulation pipe. The low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device has a second flue gas outlet and a second flue gas inlet. The second flue gas outlet is connected to the second flue gas inlet via a second circulation pipe. The second fan and the second temperature regulating device are sequentially mounted on the second circulation pipe. A flue gas replenishment pipe is connected between the second fan and the second temperature regulating device to replenish flue gas to the first circulation pipe to increase the temperature of the flue gas in the first circulation pipe. The flue gas replenishment pipe is connected to the first circulation pipe between the cooling device and the first fan.
7. The combined coal fractionation and dry distillation system for upgrading of claim 6, wherein: It also includes a cooling drum device for extracting coal tar from raw coal gas and a purification device for purifying raw coal gas. There are two cooling drum devices, one of which is connected to a low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation device and the other is connected to a medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device. Both cooling drum devices are connected to the purification device. The purification device is also connected to the first temperature regulating device, the second temperature regulating device and the medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation device through pipelines.
8. The combined coal fractionation and dry distillation system for upgrading of claim 6, wherein: The low-temperature dehydration device operates at a temperature of 150℃-200℃, the low-temperature anaerobic distillation device operates at a temperature of 300℃-450℃, and the medium-high temperature anaerobic distillation device operates at a temperature of 700℃-1000℃.
9. The combined coal fractionation and dry distillation system for upgrading of claim 6, wherein: The first circulation pipe is connected to an external exhaust pipe between the cooling device and the first fan or between the first smoke outlet and the cooling device.
10. The combined coal fractionation and dry distillation system for upgrading of claim 6, wherein: The briquette processing mechanism includes a batching device for mixing coal discharged from the low-temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit with other raw materials according to a certain ratio to form a material, a pressing and forming machine for pressing the proportioned material into briquettes, a drying device for removing moisture from the briquettes, and a heat exchanger for providing hot air to the drying device. The heat exchanger is connected to the medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit. The flue gas discharged from the medium-high temperature anaerobic dry distillation unit enters the heat exchanger to heat the air, and the heated hot air is sent to the drying device.