Powertrain and its reducer
By integrating a reducer into the powertrain, the problems of insufficient torque and non-compact structure of the hub motor are solved, resulting in higher output torque, convenient disassembly and maintenance, and improved dustproof and waterproof performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG JINBA INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing hub motors suffer from problems such as insufficient torque, non-compact structure, and inconvenient maintenance, and urgently need improvement.
Design a powertrain with an integrated reducer, including a central shaft, reducer housing, reduction gear system and sprocket. Improve dust and water resistance through sealed connection, and connect to the driven object through the sprocket for easy disassembly and maintenance.
It improves motor output torque, has a compact structure, reduces the risk of external pollution, and simplifies disassembly and maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224433369U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a powertrain and its reducer. Background Technology
[0002] A hub motor is an electric motor that is directly mounted inside the wheel hub. Hub motors eliminate the need for traditional mechanical transmission components such as drive shafts and differentials. Currently, users expect hub motors to have greater torque, a more compact structure, lighter weight, and easier maintenance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for corresponding solutions that can address one or more of these issues. Summary of the Invention
[0003] One object of this application is to provide a powertrain that integrates a speed reducer to improve the output torque of the motor.
[0004] One objective of this invention is to provide a speed reducer that is easy to disassemble, assemble, and maintain. To this end, this invention provides a speed reducer comprising: a central shaft, a speed reducer housing, and a reduction gear system housed within the speed reducer housing; the speed reducer housing is rotatably fitted onto the central shaft, and the reduction gear system reduces the output of the motor and drives the speed reducer housing and the motor housing to rotate; the speed reducer further comprises a sprocket surrounding and fixed to the speed reducer housing, the sprocket comprising an outer ring, a plurality of connecting portions extending inward from the outer ring, and a plurality of locking positions extending from the outer ring; the outer ring surrounds the speed reducer housing.
[0005] In one embodiment, the reduction gear system includes a sun gear, an internal gear ring, a planet carrier, and a plurality of planet gears; the sun gear can be driven to rotate by a motor rotor; the planet carrier is fixed relative to the central shaft; the plurality of planet gears are rotatably mounted to the planet carrier, the plurality of planet gears surround the sun gear, and simultaneously mesh with the sun gear and the internal gear ring; the internal gear ring is fixedly connected to the reducer housing.
[0006] In one embodiment, the sun gear is a hollow structure that surrounds and is rotatable relative to the central axis; the sun gear includes an outwardly extending connecting portion for fixedly connecting to the rotor of the motor.
[0007] In one embodiment, the planetary carrier and the central axis form a single unit.
[0008] In one embodiment, the open end of the reducer housing includes a third mating surface and a fourth mating surface, which are spaced apart along the axial direction and are respectively used for sealing connection with the corresponding mating surface of the motor housing.
[0009] In one embodiment, the reducer housing includes a second truncated section rotatably mounted to the central shaft, a second end cover extending outward from the second truncated section, and a second annular wall extending from the second end cover toward the motor; the second truncated section is also fitted with a second shaft seal.
[0010] In one embodiment, the sprocket further includes an inner ring, and the plurality of connecting portions are connected between the inner ring and the outer ring; the inner ring is fitted onto the reducer housing, and the sprocket is fixedly connected to the reducer housing by fasteners.
[0011] In one embodiment, the sprocket is integrally formed with the reducer housing.
[0012] In one embodiment, the reducer housing includes a second truncated section rotatably mounted to the central shaft, a second end cover extending outward from the second truncated section, and a second annular wall extending from the second end cover toward the motor; the outer annular wall at least partially overlaps the second end cover in the radial direction.
[0013] This utility model also provides a powertrain, including a motor and the aforementioned reducer; the motor includes a cylindrical motor housing with one open end, and the open end of the motor housing is fixedly connected to the open end of the reducer housing to form a closed receiving cavity.
[0014] By implementing this utility model, the reducer or power assembly can be connected to the driven object via a link, which facilitates disassembly, assembly, and maintenance. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To further illustrate the specific technical details of this case, please refer to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a powertrain provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section of the powertrain shown;
[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the sectional view shown;
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the outer rotor and sun gear of the motor in the powertrain shown;
[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the reduction gear system used in the powertrain shown.
[0021] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain provided in another embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of the powertrain shown.
[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the sprocket and reducer housing of the powertrain shown;
[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Side view of the component shown;
[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a powertrain provided in another embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the CC cross-section of the powertrain shown.
[0027] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 The diagram shows a side view of the sprocket and reducer housing of the powertrain. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0029] refer to Figure 1 The powertrain 100 provided in one embodiment of this utility model includes a motor 10 and a reducer 50, with the reducer 50 connected to one end of the motor 10. A wiring harness 34 of the powertrain 100 extends from the other end of the motor 10. The wiring harness 34 may include one or more of the following: motor three-phase wires, encoder wires, and Hall effect wires integrated wiring harness. Preferably, the motor 10 is a hub motor, and the powertrain 100 can be mounted to the wheel rim to directly drive the wheel.
[0030] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The motor 10 includes a stator shaft 13, a cylindrical motor housing 11 with one open end, an inner stator, and an outer rotor housed within the motor housing 11. The end of the motor housing 11 is rotatably fitted onto the stator shaft 13, with the open end of the motor housing 11 facing the reducer. The outer rotor is rotatable relative to the stator shaft 13. The inner stator is fixed relative to the stator shaft 13 and is at least partially surrounded by the outer rotor. Thus, the inner stator and outer rotor are protected by the motor housing 11, reducing the risk of external contamination and also contributing to improved dustproof and waterproof performance.
[0031] The inner stator includes a stator core 17 fixedly mounted to the stator shaft 13 and a stator winding 19 wound to the stator core 17. The outer rotor includes a rotor base 23, a motor housing 21, and a permanent magnet; the rotor base 23 includes a center portion 25 rotatably mounted to the stator shaft 13 and a bottom portion 27 extending radially outward from the center portion 25; the motor housing 21 extends axially from the bottom portion 27 to form a cylindrical annular wall, the open end of the cylindrical annular wall facing away from the reducer 50; the stator core 17 and the stator winding 19 are at least partially housed within the space formed by the rotor base 23 and the motor housing 21.
[0032] The reducer 50 includes a central shaft 53, a cylindrical reducer housing 51 with one open end, and a reduction gear system housed within the reducer housing 51. The central shaft 53 is coaxially connected to the stator shaft 13. The end of the reducer housing 51 is rotatably fitted onto the central shaft 53. The open end of the reducer housing 51 faces the motor 10 and is fixedly connected to the open end of the motor housing 11. The reduction gear system reduces the output of the motor 10 and drives the reducer housing 51 and the motor housing 11 to rotate.
[0033] One advantage of this structure is its high degree of integration, which improves the compactness of the structure. At the same time, most of the key components of the powertrain 100 are housed within the space formed by the motor housing 11 and the reducer housing 51, protecting them and reducing the risk of external contamination. This also helps improve dustproof and waterproof performance. Furthermore, the motor 10 integrates the reducer 50, which increases the output torque of the motor 10.
[0034] refer to Figures 2 to 4 The reduction gear system includes a sun gear 55, an internal gear ring 59, a planet carrier 56, and a plurality of planet gears 57; the sun gear 55 is fixedly connected to the outer rotor to rotate synchronously with the outer rotor; the planet carrier 56 is fixed relative to the stator shaft 13 or the central shaft 53; the plurality of planet gears 57 are rotatably mounted to the planet carrier 56, and the plurality of planet gears 57 surround the sun gear 55 and simultaneously mesh with the sun gear 55 and the internal gear ring 59; the internal gear ring 59 is fixedly connected to the reducer housing 51.
[0035] The sun gear 55 is a hollow structure that surrounds the stator shaft 13 or the central shaft 53 and can rotate relative to the stator shaft 13. The sun gear 55 includes an outwardly extending connecting portion 55a for fixed connection to the outer rotor. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 55a is fixedly connected to the rotor seat 23 of the outer rotor by an axial fastener 55c.
[0036] Preferably, the planetary carrier 56 and the central shaft 53 form a single piece to improve the concentricity and stability of the structure, and also reduce the number of parts and the workload of assembly processes.
[0037] In this embodiment, the stator shaft 13 and the central shaft 53 are formed separately to facilitate manufacturing and assembly. One of the stator shaft 13 and the central shaft 53 extends partially into the other. For example, the front end of the stator shaft 13 has a reduced outer diameter, and this front end extends into the cavity of the central shaft 53. Preferably, the front end of the stator shaft 13 includes a protrusion 13c, forming a non-circular structure; correspondingly, the cavity of the central shaft 53 has a non-circular structure, thereby preventing relative rotation between the stator shaft 13 and the central shaft 53.
[0038] In this embodiment, the motor housing 11 and the reducer housing 51 are connected together by fasteners, and a seal is used to seal the motor housing 11 and the reducer housing 51. This reduces the risk of external contamination of the powertrain 100 and also helps to improve dustproof and waterproof performance.
[0039] Specifically, the open end of the motor housing 11 includes a first mating surface 11g and a second mating surface 11i, which are spaced apart along the motor axial direction; the open end of the reducer housing 51 includes a third mating surface 11g and a fourth mating surface 11i; the seal includes a first seal 77 and a second seal 78, with the first seal 77 sandwiched between the first mating surface 11g and the third mating surface 51g, and the second seal 78 sandwiched between the second mating surface 11i and the fourth mating surface 51i.
[0040] The motor 10 also includes an oil baffle 74, which is located on the side of the rotor seat 23 near the reducer 50 and blocks the gap between the motor housing 21 and the motor outer casing 11 to prevent the reducer 50 from contaminating the motor 10.
[0041] In this embodiment, the oil baffle 74 is connected to the motor housing 11. Understandably, the oil baffle 74 may also be connected to the rotor seat 23 or to the reducer housing 51.
[0042] In this embodiment, the motor housing 11 includes a first core 11a rotatably mounted to the stator shaft 13, a first end cover 11c extending outward from the first core 11a, and a first annular wall 11e extending from the first end cover 11c toward the reducer 50; the first core 11a is also fitted with a first shaft seal 71. This structure helps reduce the risk of external contamination of the powertrain 100 and also helps improve dustproof and waterproof performance.
[0043] The reducer housing 51 includes a second spool 51a rotatably mounted to the central shaft 53, a second end cover 51c extending outward from the second spool 51a, and a second annular wall 51e extending from the second end cover 51c toward the motor 10; the second spool 51a is also fitted with a second shaft seal 72. This structure helps reduce the risk of external contamination of the powertrain 100 and also helps improve dustproof and waterproof performance. Preferably, the motor housing 11 and the reducer housing 51 are sealed together.
[0044] The motor 10 also includes an integrated plate 33 mounted to the stator shaft 13. The integrated plate 33 includes a circuit board and components disposed on the circuit board. The integrated plate 33 is housed within the motor housing 11. The stator shaft 13 includes a through hole 13a through which the wiring harness of the integrated plate 33 extends to the outside of the motor 10.
[0045] Preferably, the integrated board 33 includes an encoder with an integrated Hall sensor. This encoder is either a photoelectric encoder or a magnetic encoder. The encoder and the Hall sensor are complementary in function. The encoder focuses on accurately measuring position, speed, and angle; the Hall sensor excels in measuring magnetic field strength, torque, and moment. Using them together enables higher precision measurement and control, and more comprehensive acquisition of the motion status information of the mechanical equipment. In the motor control system of the powertrain 100, the encoder can detect the position, speed, and angle of the motor 10, while the Hall sensor can detect information such as the current and magnetic field of the motor 10. The combination of the two enables precise control of the motor, improving its performance and efficiency.
[0046] refer to Figures 6 to 9 In another embodiment of this utility model, the powertrain 100 further includes a sprocket 80 integrally formed with the reducer housing 51. The sprocket 80 includes an outer ring 83, a plurality of connecting portions 85 connecting the reducer housing 51 and the outer ring 83, and a plurality of locking positions 87 extending from the outer ring 83; the outer ring 83 surrounds the reducer housing 51. The reducer housing 51 includes a second sprocket 51a rotatably mounted to a central shaft 53, a second end cover plate 51c extending outward from the second sprocket 51a, and a second annular wall 51e extending from the second end cover plate 51c toward the motor 10; the outer ring 83 and the second end cover plate 51c overlap at least partially in the radial direction to improve the radial load-bearing capacity of the sprocket 80 and the reducer 50. In this embodiment, the sprocket 80 is integrally formed with the reducer housing 53, reducing the number of parts and improving assembly efficiency.
[0047] refer to Figures 10 to 12In another embodiment of this utility model, the powertrain 100 further includes a sprocket 80, which includes an inner ring 81, an outer ring 83, a plurality of connecting portions 85 connecting the inner ring 81 and the outer ring 83, and a plurality of locking positions 87 extending from the outer ring 83; the inner ring 81 is fitted onto the reducer housing 51, and the sprocket 80 is fixedly connected to the reducer housing 51 by fasteners 89. In this embodiment, the sprocket 80 is detachable, facilitating maintenance and upkeep of the powertrain.
[0048] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A speed reducer, characterized in that: The reducer (50) includes a central shaft (53), a reducer housing (51), and a reduction gear system housed in the reducer housing (51); the reducer housing (51) is rotatably fitted onto the central shaft (53), and the reduction gear system reduces the output of the motor (10) and drives the reducer housing (51) and the motor housing (11) to rotate. The reducer (50) further includes a sprocket (80) surrounding and fixed to the reducer housing (51), the sprocket (80) including an outer ring (83), a plurality of connecting portions (85) extending inward from the outer ring (83), and a plurality of locking positions (87) extending from the outer ring (83); the outer ring (83) surrounds the reducer housing (51).
2. The speed reducer of claim 1, wherein The reduction gear system includes a sun gear (55), an internal gear ring (59), a planet carrier (56), and a plurality of planet gears (57); the sun gear (55) can be driven to rotate by a motor rotor; the planet carrier (56) is fixed relative to the central shaft (53); the plurality of planet gears (57) are rotatably mounted to the planet carrier (56), the plurality of planet gears (57) surround the sun gear (55), and simultaneously mesh with the sun gear (55) and the internal gear ring (59); the internal gear ring (59) is fixedly connected to the reducer housing (51).
3. The speed reducer of claim 2, wherein The sun gear (55) is a hollow structure that surrounds the central shaft (53) and can rotate relative to the central shaft (53); the sun gear (55) includes an outwardly extending connecting portion for fixedly connecting to the rotor of the motor.
4. The speed reducer of claim 2, wherein The planetary carrier (56) and the central shaft (53) form a single unit.
5. The speed reducer of claim 1, wherein The open end of the reducer housing (51) includes a third mating surface (11g) and a fourth mating surface (11i), which are spaced apart along the axial direction and are respectively used for sealing connection with the corresponding mating surface of the motor housing.
6. The speed reducer of claim 1, wherein The reducer housing (51) includes a second spool (51a) rotatably mounted to the central shaft (53), a second end cover (51c) extending outward from the second spool (51a), and a second annular wall (51e) extending from the second end cover (51c) toward the motor (10); the second spool (51a) is also fitted with a second shaft seal (72).
7. The speed reducer of claim 1, wherein The sprocket (80) also includes an inner ring (81), and the plurality of connecting parts (85) are connected between the inner ring (81) and the outer ring (83); the inner ring (81) is fitted onto the reducer housing (51), and the sprocket (80) is fixedly connected to the reducer housing (51) by fasteners.
8. The speed reducer of claim 2, wherein The sprocket (80) is integrally formed with the reducer housing (51).
9. The speed reducer of claim 1, wherein The reducer housing (51) includes a second spool (51a) rotatably mounted to the central shaft (53), a second end cover (51c) extending outward from the second spool (51a), and a second annular wall (51e) extending from the second end cover (51c) toward the motor (10); the outer ring (83) at least partially overlaps the second end cover (51c) in the radial direction.
10. A powertrain comprising an electric machine (10), characterized in that It also includes a speed reducer as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the motor (10) includes a cylindrical motor housing (11) with one end open, the open end of the motor housing (11) being fixedly connected to the open end of the speed reducer housing (51) to form a closed receiving cavity.