Explosion-proof device and power supply and charging device using the same

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of explosion-proof device and power supply and charging equipment using explosion-proof device, power supply includes power supply shell and the electric core being set to the inside of power supply shell, safety valve is set on electric core, power supply further includes explosion-proof device, explosion-proof device includes fire extinguishing agent storage tank, fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected with power supply shell by fire extinguishing agent supply line, fire extinguishing agent supply line is connected with fire extinguishing agent supply valve in series;Explosion-proof device further includes the exhaust pipeline being connected with the power supply shell, and exhaust pipeline is provided with exhaust pump.The utility model provides a kind of explosion-proof combustion device, which can reduce the temperature in the battery pack, and the high-temperature mixed gas generated by the combustion of the electric core is discharged from the battery pack.The utility model also provides a power supply and charging equipment using the explosion-proof combustion device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power safety technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof device and a power supply and charging equipment using the explosion-proof device. Background Technology

[0002] Common power sources include capacitors and batteries. For electric vehicles, such as battery-powered two-wheeled vehicles, three-wheeled vehicles, four-wheeled vehicles, and large vehicles, batteries usually consist of multiple battery packs. Each battery pack is formed by multiple cells connected in series and parallel. A single battery pack can also be called a power source. The structure of a battery pack is that multiple cells connected in series and parallel are set inside the battery pack casing. Pressure relief valves are set on both the cells and the battery pack casing.

[0003] There is a risk of short circuits between battery cells, especially during charging. Therefore, batteries are prone to combustion and explosion accidents. The intensity and speed of combustion in electric vehicles are much greater than those in internal combustion engine vehicles, and the flames and impacts are more violent. This is referred to as deflagration in this article.

[0004] The battery cell contains oxidizers and reducing agents. The deflagration of the battery pack is a complex and explosive physicochemical process. As a mature power component of electric vehicles, the physical structure, electrochemical properties, and thermal conductivity of the battery cannot be changed. In the initial stage of the combustion and deflagration process, a large amount of high-temperature mixed gas is generated. Studies have shown that the higher the pressure of the mixed gas, the shorter the combustion and deflagration time of the battery; the higher the concentration of the mixed gas, the easier it is for the mixed gas to burn and deflagrate; in addition, the rapid increase in temperature inside the battery pack is also an important factor leading to the rapid deflagration of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an explosion-proof combustion device that can reduce the temperature inside the battery pack and simultaneously expel the high-temperature mixed gas generated by the combustion of the battery cells from the battery pack; the purpose of this invention is also to provide a power supply and charging equipment that uses the explosion-proof combustion device.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the explosion-proof device of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] The explosion-proof device includes an extinguishing agent storage tank, which is connected to the power supply housing via an extinguishing agent supply pipeline. An extinguishing agent supply valve is connected in series on the extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The explosion-proof device also includes a drainage pipeline connected to the power supply housing, and a drainage pump is installed on the drainage pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the explosion-proof device also includes a controller connected to the extinguishing agent supply valve and the pump control.

[0009] Furthermore, the cell or battery contains at least one of the following sensors: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a CO sensor, or a fire sensor. The sensor is connected to the controller for sampling, and the controller is connected to the safety valve for control.

[0010] Furthermore, the safety valve is a temperature-actuated safety valve or a pressure-actuated safety valve, and the safety valve is connected to the controller.

[0011] Furthermore, the extraction pipeline includes a main extraction pipeline section located inside the power supply housing, and multiple branch extraction pipeline sections are connected to the main extraction pipeline section. The air inlet of each branch extraction pipeline section is located next to the safety valve of the corresponding battery cell.

[0012] Furthermore, a safety valve cover with a larger bottom and a smaller top is provided on the upper side of the safety valve. The branch section of the extraction pipeline is connected to the safety valve cover, and the branch section of the extraction pipeline intersects the main section of the extraction pipeline at an acute angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the extinguishing agent supply pipeline includes a hollow ring pipeline, with the main extraction pipeline section located at the center of the hollow ring pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, the extraction pipeline is connected to one side of the power supply housing, and the extinguishing agent supply pipeline is connected to the other side of the power supply.

[0015] The power supply technical solution is as follows:

[0016] A power supply includes a power supply housing and a battery cell disposed inside the power supply housing. The battery cell is equipped with a safety valve. The power supply also includes an explosion-proof device, which includes an extinguishing agent storage tank connected to the power supply housing via an extinguishing agent supply pipeline. An extinguishing agent supply valve is connected in series on the extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The explosion-proof device also includes a drainage pipeline connected to the power supply housing, and a drainage pump is disposed on the drainage pipeline.

[0017] Furthermore, the explosion-proof device also includes a controller connected to the extinguishing agent supply valve and the pump control.

[0018] Furthermore, the cell or battery contains at least one of the following sensors: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a CO sensor, or a fire sensor. The sensor is connected to the controller for sampling, and the controller is connected to the safety valve for control.

[0019] Furthermore, the safety valve is a temperature-actuated safety valve or a pressure-actuated safety valve, and the safety valve is connected to the controller.

[0020] Furthermore, the extraction pipeline includes a main extraction pipeline section located inside the power supply housing, and multiple branch extraction pipeline sections are connected to the main extraction pipeline section. The air inlet of each branch extraction pipeline section is located next to the safety valve of the corresponding battery cell.

[0021] Furthermore, a safety valve cover with a larger bottom and a smaller top is provided on the upper side of the safety valve. The branch section of the extraction pipeline is connected to the safety valve cover, and the branch section of the extraction pipeline intersects the main section of the extraction pipeline at an acute angle.

[0022] Furthermore, the extinguishing agent supply pipeline includes a hollow ring pipeline, with the main extraction pipeline section located at the center of the hollow ring pipeline.

[0023] Furthermore, the extraction pipeline is connected to one side of the power supply housing, and the extinguishing agent supply pipeline is connected to the other side of the power supply.

[0024] The technical solution of the charging device in this utility model is as follows:

[0025] The charging device includes a charging head with charging contacts for electrical connection to a device to be charged. The charging device also includes an explosion-proof device comprising an extinguishing agent storage tank connected to an extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The charging head has an extinguishing agent supply port connected to the extinguishing agent supply pipeline, and an extinguishing agent supply valve is connected in series on the extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The explosion-proof device further includes a drainage pipeline connected to the power supply housing, with a drainage pump installed on the drainage pipeline. The charging head has a drainage port connected to the drainage pipeline. The extinguishing agent supply port and the drainage port are respectively connected to the extinguishing agent supply port and the drainage port on the device to be charged when the charging head is charging the device.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: In this utility model, when the battery cell is burning, the exhaust pump is turned on to extract the high-temperature flue gas inside the battery cell and the battery casing, thereby reducing the ambient temperature and gas pressure around the battery cell, which helps to slow down the combustion and deflagration of the battery cell; at the same time, the extinguishing agent supply valve can be opened to send the extinguishing agent into the battery casing to extinguish the open flame of the burning battery cell. According to fire protection disclosures, the extraction of high-temperature mixed gas and the injection of extinguishing agent can be carried out separately, or alternately, or simultaneously, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the deflagration of the battery cell. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of this disclosure are illustrated by way of example and not limitation, and like or corresponding reference numerals denote like or corresponding portions, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 1 of the power supply in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1A schematic diagram showing the fit between the power supply casing and the battery cell;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 2 of the power supply in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the charging device in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 Is with Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the charging head and the power supply of the device to be charged in conjunction with the charging head.

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Side view of the charging head of the device waiting to be charged;

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Extinguishing agent storage tank; 2. Extinguishing agent supply pipeline; 3. Exhaust pipeline; 4. Exhaust pump; 5. S-shaped bend; 6. Filter water tank; 7. Smoke exhaust pipe; 8. Power supply housing mounting port; 9. Power supply housing; 10. Positive terminal of battery cell; 11. Negative terminal of battery cell; 12. Safety valve; 13. Safety valve cover; 14. Branch section of exhaust pipeline; 15. Main section of exhaust pipeline; 16. Battery cell; 17. Exhaust pipeline mounting port; 18. Supply pipeline mounting port; 19. Charging head; 20. Extinguishing agent supply port of charging head; 21. Exhaust port of charging head; 22. Charging head of the device to be charged; 23. Extinguishing agent supply port of the device to be charged; 24. Exhaust port of the device to be charged; 25. Pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings show preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0037] An embodiment 1 of the power supply in this utility model is as follows: Figures 1-2As shown: The power source in this utility model is a battery (or capacitor). When in use, the battery is installed on an electric vehicle, at a charging station, or in other environments requiring electricity. The power source includes a power source housing 9 and four battery cells 16 disposed inside the housing 9. The four battery cells are connected in series (or in parallel). Each battery cell has a positive terminal 10 and a negative terminal 11 at its upper end. A safety valve 12 is provided at the upper end of each battery cell between the positive and negative terminals. In use, the power source can be used independently, or it can be used as a single power supply unit, with multiple power sources connected in series or in parallel for combined use.

[0038] The power supply also includes an explosion-proof device, which includes a fire extinguishing agent storage tank 1 located outside the battery. The fire extinguishing agent storage tank 1 stores coolant or fire extinguishing agent and is under pressure. The fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the power supply housing 9 via a fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline 2, and a fire extinguishing agent supply valve is connected in series on the fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline 2. The explosion-proof device also includes an exhaust pipeline 3 connected to the power supply housing. An exhaust pump 4 is installed on the exhaust pipeline 3, located outside the power supply housing. The exhaust pump's outlet is connected to an S-shaped bend pipe 5, whose outlet extends into a filter water tank 6. Gas extracted from the power supply housing passes through the S-shaped bend pipe and the filter water tank before being discharged through a smoke exhaust pipe 7. The S-shaped bend pipe 5 is used for heat dissipation and reducing open flame, while the filter water tank 6 can completely extinguish open flame and simultaneously precipitate a large amount of solid particulate impurities in the smoke.

[0039] A power supply housing mounting port 8 is provided on the front side of the power supply housing. The exhaust pipe and the fire extinguishing agent supply pipe extend into the power supply housing through the same mounting port 8. Specifically, the fire extinguishing agent supply pipe 2 includes a hollow annular pipe, and the exhaust pipe includes a main exhaust pipe section 15 located inside the power supply housing. The main exhaust pipe section 15 is located at the center of the hollow annular pipe, which helps to reduce the temperature of the smoke when it is discharged through the exhaust pipe, thus reducing the impact on the surrounding environment. Multiple exhaust pipe branch sections 14, each corresponding to a battery cell, are connected to the main exhaust pipe section. The air inlet of each exhaust pipe branch section is located next to the safety valve 12 of the corresponding battery cell.

[0040] Specifically, a safety valve cover 13, wider at the bottom and narrower at the top, is provided on the upper side of safety valve 12. A branch section 14 of the extraction pipeline is connected to the safety valve cover 13, and the branch section intersects the main section of the extraction pipeline at an acute angle. In this embodiment, each branch section of the extraction pipeline extends forward at an angle from left to right. This ensures that when each branch section operates and draws water from the corresponding safety valve, a flame at one safety valve will not spread to other battery cells, preventing fire from spreading to other safety valves and preventing unburned battery cells from being ignited by burning neighboring cells. The outlet of the extinguishing agent supply pipeline 2 is connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the power supply housing.

[0041] The explosion-proof device also includes a controller that is connected to the extinguishing agent supply valve and the pump control.

[0042] The battery cell (or battery) is equipped with at least one of the following sensors: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a CO sensor, or a fire sensor. The sensor is connected to the controller for sampling, and the controller is connected to the safety valve for control. The sensor is used to determine whether a fire has occurred inside the corresponding battery cell or battery. For example, when a fire occurs inside a battery cell, the controller controls the safety valve at the top of the corresponding battery cell to open, and the high-temperature gas inside the battery cell is discharged through the safety valve. The high-temperature gas at the safety valve is then extracted through the extraction pipeline.

[0043] In other embodiments of this invention, the sensor may be omitted. In this case, the safety valve on the battery cell can be a temperature-activated safety valve or a pressure-activated safety valve, and the safety valve is connected to the control system. A temperature-activated safety valve opens when the internal temperature of the battery cell reaches a set temperature. Simultaneously, the safety valve sends a signal to the controller, which then controls the fire extinguishing agent supply valve and the extraction pump. Similarly, a pressure-activated safety valve opens when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a set pressure. Simultaneously, the safety valve sends a signal to the controller, which then controls the fire extinguishing agent supply valve and the extraction pump.

[0044] In operation, when a short circuit occurs inside a battery cell, the controller opens the safety valve at the corresponding cell. The system then draws in the gas through the extraction pipe, rapidly expelling the high-temperature gas generated inside the cell. This process prevents the ignition of nearby, unaffected cells. A sensor is also installed inside the battery casing. If extraction alone is insufficient to extinguish the fire, the controller opens the extinguishing agent supply valve, allowing the extinguishing agent to be released into the power supply casing via the supply pipe. This provides complete coverage of the battery cell, cooling it and isolating it from the air, thus rapidly extinguishing the fire. A pressure relief valve is installed on the power supply casing to prevent explosions.

[0045] In other embodiments of this utility model, the controller may be omitted. In this case, a manual control switch for the extinguishing agent supply valve and the pump can be set. When the staff finds that the battery cell or power supply casing is on fire, they can manually operate the manual control switch to open the extinguishing agent supply valve and the pump to prevent the power supply casing from exploding.

[0046] An embodiment 2 of a power supply, as shown Figure 3As shown: The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the solution in this example is more suitable for modifying existing power supplies. For existing power supplies, it is not easy to set up relatively complex fire extinguishing agent supply and exhaust pipelines inside the battery casing as in Example 1. In this example, an exhaust pipeline installation port 17 is set on the front side of the power supply casing, and a supply pipeline installation port 18 is set on the rear side of the power supply casing. After a heat exchange section between the exhaust pipeline and the fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline, the exhaust pipeline 3 is connected to the front end of the inner cavity of the power supply casing through the exhaust pipeline installation port 17, and the fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline 2 is connected to the rear end of the inner cavity of the power supply casing 9 through the supply pipeline installation port 18. In this way, during operation, the exhaust pipeline draws from the front end of the inner cavity of the power supply casing, and the fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline supplies fire extinguishing agent to the rear end of the inner cavity of the power supply casing. Under the action of pressure difference, the fire extinguishing agent can quickly fill the entire inner cavity of the power supply casing.

[0047] Implementation of charging equipment, for example Figure 4 As shown:

[0048] In Example 1, the explosion-proof device is installed together with the power supply housing. For example, the explosion-proof device and the power supply housing are installed simultaneously on a mobile vehicle. Considering the energy consumption of electric vehicles and the difficulty of modifying some electric vehicles, such as the lack of modification space on two-wheeled electric vehicles or four-wheeled electric vehicles, and considering that most fire and explosion accidents occur during charging, in this example, the explosion-proof device is not installed together with the power supply housing, but is installed together with the charging head 19. The explosion-proof device is a fixed explosion-proof device. The charging head 19 is a charging plug (or charging socket). The component that uses the charging head to charge is called the device to be charged. The device to be charged has a power supply, which includes a power supply housing and a battery cell installed inside the power supply housing. The device to be charged has a device to be charged charging head 22 (charging socket). The device to be charged charging head is provided with a device extinguishing agent supply port 23 and a device exhaust port 24 that are connected to the inner cavity of the power supply housing 9 through their respective pipes 25.

[0049] The explosion-proof device includes an extinguishing agent storage tank 1, which stores coolant or extinguishing agent. The storage tank is pressurized and connected to an extinguishing agent supply line 2, which is connected in series with an extinguishing agent supply valve. The device also includes an exhaust line 3, equipped with an exhaust pump. The pump's outlet is connected to an S-shaped bend pipe 5, which extends into a water filter tank 6. Gas extracted from the power supply housing passes through the S-shaped bend pipe 5 and the water filter tank 6 before being discharged. The S-shaped bend pipe is used for heat dissipation and flame weakening, while the water filter tank completely extinguishes the flame and simultaneously settles a large amount of solid particulate impurities in the smoke.

[0050] The charging head is provided with a charging head fire extinguishing agent supply port 20 connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply pipeline, and a charging head exhaust port 21 connected to the exhaust pipeline. The charging head fire extinguishing agent supply port and the charging head exhaust port are used to connect with the fire extinguishing agent supply port and the exhaust port of the device to be charged respectively when the charging head is charging the device to be charged.

[0051] In other words, when the device to be charged is charging, the charging head in this embodiment is plugged into the charging head of the device to be charged, thereby supplying power to the device to be charged through the charging contacts. Simultaneously, the extinguishing agent supply port of the charging head is connected to the extinguishing agent supply port of the device to be charged, and the exhaust port of the charging head is connected to the exhaust port of the device to be charged. At this time, the extinguishing agent supply pipeline of the explosion-proof device is connected to the power supply housing on the device to be charged through the extinguishing agent supply ports of the charging head and the device to be charged; the exhaust pipeline of the explosion-proof device is connected to the power supply housing through the exhaust port of the charging head and the exhaust port of the device to be charged. If a short circuit occurs during charging, the explosion-proof device can vent air and introduce extinguishing agent into the power supply housing of the device to be charged through the charging head.

[0052] In the foregoing description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "fixed," "installed," "connected," or "joined" should be interpreted broadly. For example, the term "joined" can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or it can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Therefore, unless otherwise expressly limited in this specification, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] Based on the above description in this specification, those skilled in the art will also understand that terms used, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "length," "width," "thickness," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "clockwise," or "counterclockwise," are terms indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not imply that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms should not be understood or interpreted as limitations on the present invention.

[0054] Furthermore, the terms "first" or "second," etc., used in this specification to refer to numbers or ordinal numbers are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating, explicitly or implicitly, relative importance or specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this specification, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A power supply, comprising a power supply housing and a battery cell disposed inside the power supply housing, characterized in that: The battery cell is equipped with a safety valve, and the power supply also includes an explosion-proof device, which includes an extinguishing agent storage tank. The extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to the power supply housing through an extinguishing agent supply pipeline, and an extinguishing agent supply valve is connected in series on the extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The explosion-proof device also includes a drainage pipeline connected to the power supply housing, and a drainage pump is installed on the drainage pipeline.

2. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof device also includes a controller that is connected to the extinguishing agent supply valve and the pump control.

3. The power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cell or battery contains at least one of the following sensors: a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a CO sensor, or a fire sensor. The sensor is connected to the controller for sampling, and the controller is connected to the safety valve for control.

4. The power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The safety valve is either a temperature-actuated or pressure-actuated safety valve, and it is connected to the controller.

5. The power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The exhaust pipeline includes a main exhaust pipeline section located inside the power supply housing, and multiple exhaust pipeline branch sections are connected to the main exhaust pipeline section. The air inlet of each exhaust pipeline branch section is located next to the safety valve of the corresponding battery cell.

6. The power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that: The safety valve is equipped with a safety valve cover that is larger at the bottom and smaller at the top. The branch pipe section of the extraction pipeline is connected to the safety valve cover, and the branch pipe section of the extraction pipeline intersects with the main pipe section of the extraction pipeline at an acute angle.

7. The power supply according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extinguishing agent supply pipeline includes a hollow ring pipeline, with the main extraction pipeline located at the center of the hollow ring pipeline.

8. The power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is connected to one side of the power supply housing, and the extinguishing agent supply pipe is connected to the other side of the power supply.

9. An explosion-proof device, characterized in that: The explosion-proof device in the power supply as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A charging device, comprising a charging head, wherein the charging head is provided with charging contacts for electrical connection with a device to be charged, characterized in that: The charging equipment also includes an explosion-proof device, which includes an extinguishing agent storage tank connected to an extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The charging head is equipped with an extinguishing agent supply port connected to the extinguishing agent supply pipeline, and an extinguishing agent supply valve is connected in series on the extinguishing agent supply pipeline. The explosion-proof device also includes a drain pipeline connected to the power supply housing, with a drain pump installed on the drain pipeline. The charging head is equipped with a drain port connected to the drain pipeline. The extinguishing agent supply port and the drain port are used to connect to the extinguishing agent supply port and the drain port of the device to be charged, respectively, when the charging head is charging the device to be charged.

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