Single cell and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single battery and battery pack, including top cover subassembly, top cover subassembly includes top cover sheet, first pole, second pole and explosion -proof valve, and first pole and second pole all are worn in top cover sheet, and at least one of first pole and second pole is insulated with top cover sheet, and top cover sheet is equipped with explosion -proof hole, and explosion -proof valve is connected with top cover sheet and covers and seals explosion -proof hole, and collection subassembly includes collection board, and collection board is electrically connected with first pole and second pole, and collection board is located in explosion -proof valve, and at least part of collection board is located in explosion -proof hole. The utility model discloses, through setting up explosion -proof hole on top cover sheet, make it not only can install explosion -proof valve to release the excessive pressure in the shell interior and prevent explosion, also provide the installation position for collection subassembly, realized the unified arrangement of pressure -relief function and data acquisition function, improved the integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a single cell battery and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] The Battery Management System (BMS) serves as a crucial bridge between the power battery and the vehicle system, undertaking the critical tasks of monitoring battery status, preventing overcharging and over-discharging, and improving battery lifespan and safety. In particular, the single-cell voltage sampling function, as a fundamental module of the BMS, is essential for the safety and performance optimization of the battery pack.

[0003] In related technologies, various functional components, such as explosion-proof valves and voltage acquisition components, are typically installed on the top cover of individual battery cells. Explosion-proof valves are generally designed in a dedicated area of ​​the top cover to quickly release gas in case of abnormal internal pressure, while the voltage acquisition component is arranged separately in another independent location, electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals, for collecting voltage signals.

[0004] The functional components in related technologies are scattered, resulting in low overall integration. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a single-cell battery that aims to solve the problem of low integration of the top cover of a single-cell battery.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a single-cell battery, comprising:

[0007] A top cover assembly, the top cover assembly including a top cover plate, a first pole, a second pole, and an explosion-proof valve, wherein the first pole and the second pole are both inserted through the top cover plate, at least one of the first pole and the second pole is insulated from the top cover plate, the top cover plate is provided with an explosion-proof hole, and the explosion-proof valve is connected to the top cover plate and covers the explosion-proof hole;

[0008] The acquisition component includes an acquisition board, which is electrically connected to both the first pole and the second pole. The acquisition board is disposed on the explosion-proof valve, and at least a portion of the acquisition board is located within the explosion-proof hole.

[0009] In some embodiments, the single battery cell further includes a housing and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly being disposed within the housing, the top cover being connected to the housing, and the first electrode post and the second electrode post being electrically connected to the electrode assembly;

[0010] The top cover assembly also includes an explosion-proof valve patch, which is connected to the top cover plate and located on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly. At least a portion of the acquisition board is located between the explosion-proof valve and the explosion-proof valve patch.

[0011] In some embodiments, the acquisition component further includes a first wire and a second wire, wherein the first wire is electrically connected to the acquisition board and the first electrode, and the second wire is electrically connected to the acquisition board and the second electrode;

[0012] The data acquisition board is attached between the explosion-proof valve and the explosion-proof valve patch. The explosion-proof valve patch has a first through hole and a second through hole. The first wire passes through the first through hole, and the second wire passes through the second through hole.

[0013] In some embodiments, the single battery cell further includes a housing and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly being disposed within the housing, the top cover being connected to the housing, and the first electrode post and the second electrode post being electrically connected to the electrode assembly; the acquisition plate is bonded to at least one of the explosion-proof valve and the top cover, and the acquisition plate is located on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly in the thickness direction of the top cover.

[0014] In some embodiments, the acquisition plate has a weak portion and a connecting portion, the connecting portion is arranged in a ring and connected to the outer periphery of the weak portion, and the outer periphery of the connecting portion is bonded to the hole wall and / or the edge of the explosion-proof hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the weak portion is provided with a first vent hole, which penetrates the weak portion along the thickness direction of the top cover sheet.

[0016] In some embodiments, the acquisition board has a pressure acquisition module, which is electrically connected to both the first electrode and the second electrode, and the pressure acquisition module is located in the weak part.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first air hole is provided in multiple locations; and / or, the air pressure acquisition module is located on the side of the weak part facing the explosion-proof valve; and / or, in the thickness direction of the top cover plate, the thickness of the weak part is less than the thickness of the connecting part.

[0018] In some embodiments, the acquisition board further includes a temperature acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, and a wireless communication module. The temperature acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are both electrically connected to the first pole and the second pole, and the wireless through-hole module is electrically connected to both the temperature acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module.

[0019] This utility model further proposes a battery pack, including a single battery cell as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by setting explosion-proof holes on the top cover plate, it is not only used to install explosion-proof valves for pressure relief and explosion prevention, but also provides at least part of the installation space for the data acquisition board, so that the data acquisition board and the explosion-proof valve are integrated together, realizing a unified layout of pressure relief and explosion prevention functions and data acquisition functions, thereby effectively reducing the number of independent functional modules on the top cover plate and optimizing the design of the top cover assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery top cover assembly in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery top cover assembly in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery top cover assembly in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0025] 201. Top cover plate; 201a. Explosion-proof hole; 202. First pole post; 203. Second pole post; 204. Explosion-proof valve;

[0026] 210. Acquisition component; 211. Acquisition board; 211a. Connecting part; 211b. Weak part; 211c. First vent; 212. First wire; 213. Second wire; 214. Explosion-proof valve patch; 214a. First perforation; 214b. Second perforation.

[0027] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0030] It should also be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component present. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component present.

[0031] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 This utility model provides a single-cell battery, comprising:

[0033] The top cover assembly includes a top cover plate 201, a first pole 202, a second pole 203, and an explosion-proof valve 204. The first pole 202 and the second pole 203 are both inserted through the top cover plate 201. At least one of the first pole 202 and the second pole 203 is insulated from the top cover plate 201. The top cover plate 201 is provided with an explosion-proof hole 201a. The explosion-proof valve 204 is connected to the top cover plate 201 and seals the explosion-proof hole 201a.

[0034] The acquisition component 210 includes an acquisition plate 211, which is electrically connected to the first pole 202 and the second pole 203. The acquisition plate 211 is located on the explosion-proof valve 204, and at least a portion of the acquisition plate 211 is located inside the explosion-proof hole 201a.

[0035] In this embodiment, the top cover assembly includes a top cover plate 201, a first terminal 202, a second terminal 203, and an explosion-proof valve 204. The top cover plate 201 primarily provides an installation location and structural support for other components. The top cover assembly can be made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or nickel-plated steel, and its shape can be adapted to the external dimensions of the individual battery cells, such as circular, square, or elliptical geometries. The thickness of the top cover plate 201 is typically 0.5-2.0 mm to ensure sufficient mechanical strength and sealing performance.

[0036] The first terminal 202 and the second terminal 203 can serve as the positive and negative terminals of the battery, respectively. They are mounted on the top cover 201 and electrically isolated from the top cover 201 by an insulating ring to prevent short circuits. The terminals are typically made of copper or aluminum alloy, and their surfaces can be nickel-plated or silver-plated to improve conductivity and corrosion resistance. In this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve 204 automatically opens when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a set threshold, releasing internal gas to prevent the battery from exploding and ensuring safety. The explosion-proof valve 204 can be a diaphragm structure or a spring-pressure structure.

[0037] The acquisition board 211 of the acquisition component 210 can integrate multiple functional modules, such as a temperature acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module, a barometric pressure acquisition module, and a wireless communication module. The temperature acquisition module can use a thermistor or thermocouple to monitor temperature; the voltage acquisition module can use an ADC converter to measure voltage; the barometric pressure acquisition module can acquire the barometric pressure just before a depressurization or explosion; and the wireless communication module can use communication protocols such as Bluetooth, WiFi, or LoRa to transmit data.

[0038] The single-cell battery may also include a housing and an electrode assembly, with the electrode assembly disposed within the housing. A top cover 201 is connected to the housing, and both the first terminal 202 and the second terminal 203 are electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The housing may have a receiving cavity, with the top cover 201 connected to the housing and sealing the receiving cavity to encapsulate the electrode assembly within the housing.

[0039] The acquisition plate 211 can be disposed on the explosion-proof valve 204 along the thickness direction of the top cover plate 201, for example, on the side of the explosion-proof valve 204 away from the electrode assembly. This allows the acquisition plate 211 and the explosion-proof valve 204 to be compactly arranged, thereby effectively reducing the number of independent functional modules on the top cover plate 201 and optimizing the design of the top cover assembly. Of course, the acquisition plate 211 can also be disposed on the side of the explosion-proof valve 204 closer to the electrode assembly. In this case, to prevent the acquisition plate 211 from affecting the explosion-proof valve 204 from bursting, the acquisition plate 211 can be made into a flexible plate, and holes can also be opened on the acquisition plate 211 to allow gas to reach the area of ​​the explosion-proof valve 204 normally. Further details are omitted.

[0040] At least a portion of the acquisition board 211 is located within the explosion-proof hole 201a, allowing the acquisition board 211 to be installed using the space of the explosion-proof hole 201a, reducing the occupation of other spaces. This not only improves the integration with the explosion-proof valve 204, but also reduces space occupation.

[0041] The acquisition plate 211 can be partially located inside the explosion-proof hole 201a, and the other part can protrude to the side of the top cover plate 201 away from the electrode assembly, which will not be described in detail.

[0042] In terms of installation process, the connection between the acquisition plate 211 and the explosion-proof valve 204 can be achieved by adhesive bonding or snap-fit ​​connection. Adhesive bonding can use thermally conductive adhesive or structural adhesive to ensure good heat conduction and mechanical fixation; snap-fit ​​connection achieves rapid assembly through plastic deformation.

[0043] Under normal operating conditions, the data acquisition board 211 continuously monitors various operating parameters of individual battery cells. For example, the temperature acquisition module detects the battery surface temperature in real time and issues an early warning signal when the temperature rises abnormally; the voltage acquisition module monitors changes in battery terminal voltage, providing a basis for charge and discharge control for the battery management system; and the current acquisition module detects the magnitude and direction of the charge and discharge current through a Hall sensor or shunt. All acquired data is processed and analyzed by the built-in microprocessor and transmitted to a host computer or cloud server via a wireless communication module.

[0044] When the internal pressure of a single battery cell is high, causing the explosion-proof valve 204 to activate, the data acquisition component 210 plays a crucial safety monitoring role. At this time, the gas pressure acquisition module (which can be a pressure sensor) on the acquisition board 211 can monitor the pressure changes at the explosion-proof port 201a in real time. When the pressure approaches the opening threshold of the explosion-proof valve 204, the system immediately issues a high-level safety alarm. After the explosion-proof valve 204 opens, the acquisition board 211 can detect the gas release rate and composition, and can also be configured with an electronic device capable of identifying gas components to detect any hazardous gas leaks. Simultaneously, the temperature acquisition module continuously monitors temperature changes during the pressure relief process to ensure safety. The microprocessor prioritizes the transmission of this critical safety data, providing real-time information support for emergency response.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the explosion-proof hole 201a provided on the top cover plate 201 can not only be used to install the explosion-proof valve 204 to realize the pressure relief and explosion-proof function, but also provide at least part of the installation space for the acquisition board 211 of the acquisition component 210, realizing the unified layout of the pressure relief function and the data acquisition function, improving the integration, thereby effectively reducing the number of independent functional modules on the top cover plate 201 and optimizing the design of the top cover component.

[0046] It is understandable that when multiple individual batteries are assembled into a battery pack, the acquisition board 211 can communicate with the main control board of the battery pack via wired or wireless means.

[0047] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the single battery also includes a housing and an electrode assembly. The housing has a receiving cavity, the electrode assembly is disposed in the receiving cavity, the top cover 201 is connected to the housing and covers the receiving cavity, and the first electrode post 202 and the second electrode post 203 are both electrically connected to the electrode assembly.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the top cover assembly also includes an explosion-proof valve patch 214, which is connected to the top cover plate 201 and located on the side of the explosion-proof valve 204 away from the electrode assembly. At least a portion of the acquisition plate 211 is located between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214.

[0049] In this embodiment, the single battery cell also includes a casing and electrode assemblies, forming a complete sealed battery structure system. The casing has a receiving cavity, providing a sealed working space for the electrode assemblies. The casing is typically made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or nickel-plated steel, possessing good corrosion resistance, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity. The shape of the receiving cavity can be cylindrical, square, or elliptical, without particular limitation, to adapt to different battery specifications. The electrode assemblies are located within the receiving cavity and include core electrochemical components such as positive electrode plates, negative electrode plates, separators, and electrolytes. They are formed into the battery core through winding or stacking processes. The electrode assemblies maintain an appropriate gap with the inner wall of the casing to facilitate electrolyte flow and heat conduction.

[0050] The top cover 201 connects to the housing and seals the receiving cavity, forming a complete sealed structure. Connection methods can include laser welding, resistance welding, or ultrasonic welding to ensure a sealing reliability that meets the IPX8 protection rating. Both the first electrode post 202 and the second electrode post 203 are electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The electrode posts pass through pre-drilled holes in the top cover 201 and are electrically connected to the positive and negative current collectors of the electrode assembly via electrode tab welding or crimping.

[0051] The top cover assembly also includes an explosion-proof valve patch 214, which is connected to the top cover plate 201 and located on the side of the explosion-proof valve 204 away from the electrode assembly, i.e., above the outer surface of the explosion-proof valve 204. The explosion-proof valve patch 214 can be made of thin aluminum sheet, stainless steel sheet, or polymer film. The connection between the explosion-proof valve patch 214 and the top cover plate 201 can be achieved by conductive adhesive bonding, spot welding, or mechanical snap-fit ​​fixing. The connection strength must ensure that it will not fall off under normal working conditions, and that it can be easily pushed open when the explosion-proof valve 204 is opened.

[0052] At least a portion of the data acquisition board 211 is located between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, forming a sandwich structure. The data acquisition board 211 can be a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) or a thin rigid circuit board, typically 0.1-0.5 mm thick, to accommodate the confined space between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214. The data acquisition board 211 can integrate various monitoring components such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, strain sensors, and gas sensors; these sensors can be manufactured using MEMS technology.

[0053] The acquisition plate 211 can be located entirely between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, or it can be located partially between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, with another part extending to the outside between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, so as to be directly connected to the top cover plate 201 by means such as adhesive bonding.

[0054] Under normal operating conditions, the electrode assembly undergoes an electrochemical reaction within the containment cavity, with lithium ions shuttling between the positive and negative electrodes to generate electrical energy for external loads. During this time, the acquisition board 211, located between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, continuously monitors the status parameters of the explosion-proof valve 204. A pressure sensor detects the pressure distribution on the surface of the explosion-proof valve 204, monitoring the changing trend of the internal battery pressure; a temperature sensor monitors the temperature field around the explosion-proof valve 204, reflecting the internal thermal state of the battery; and a strain sensor detects minute deformations of the membrane of the explosion-proof valve 204, providing an early warning signal for the opening of the explosion-proof valve 204. All monitoring data is processed and analyzed in real time by the microprocessor on the acquisition board 211 and transmitted to the battery management system via a wireless communication module or a wired interface.

[0055] When an abnormal situation occurs inside the battery, such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, or thermal runaway, causing a sharp increase in internal pressure, the explosion-proof valve 204 begins to elastically deform. At this time, the sensing plate 211, sandwiched between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, can sensitively detect this change. The strain sensor first detects the increase in surface stress of the explosion-proof valve 204, the pressure sensor monitors the continuous rise in pressure, and the temperature sensor may detect an abnormal increase in local temperature. When the pressure reaches the design opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve 204 (e.g., 0.3-1.0 MPa), the explosion-proof valve 204 rapidly ruptures or opens, pushing the explosion-proof valve patch 214 upwards and releasing the internal high-pressure gas.

[0056] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are as follows: By setting a data acquisition board 211 between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, the explosion-proof safety function and the status monitoring function are integrated. The data acquisition board 211 is directly attached to the surface of the explosion-proof valve 204, enabling real-time and accurate monitoring of the working status of the explosion-proof valve 204, achieving advanced early warning and full-process monitoring of the battery safety status. Compared with traditional solutions, this reduces the number of independent functional modules on the top cover, simplifies the system structure, and reduces assembly complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0057] In addition, by bonding or clamping the data acquisition plate 211 between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, the data acquisition plate 211 can be protected and prevent other components from damaging it.

[0058] Continue reading Figure 2In this embodiment, the acquisition component 210 further includes a first wire 212 and a second wire 213. The first wire 212 is electrically connected to the acquisition board 211 and the first pole 202, and the second wire 213 is electrically connected to the acquisition board 211 and the second pole 203.

[0059] The data acquisition plate 211 is attached between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the explosion-proof valve patch 214 has a first through hole 214a and a second through hole 214b. The first wire 212 passes through the first through hole 214a and the second wire 213 passes through the second through hole 214b.

[0060] The acquisition plate 211 can be attached only between the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214, or it can be bonded by an adhesive equal to at least one of the explosion-proof valve 204 and the explosion-proof valve patch 214.

[0061] In this embodiment, the acquisition component 210 further includes a first wire 212 and a second wire 213, which realize the electrical connection between the acquisition board 211 and the terminal. The first wire 212 electrically connects the acquisition board 211 and the first terminal 202, and the second wire 213 electrically connects the acquisition board 211 and the second terminal 203. The first terminal 202 can be a positive terminal, and the second terminal 203 can be a negative terminal, thereby providing direct power to the acquisition board 211.

[0062] Regarding the conductor structure, both the first conductor 212 and the second conductor 213 can be made of multi-strand fine copper wire braided together and covered with an insulating sheath, possessing good flexibility and conductivity. For example, the conductor diameter is 0.5-1.0 mm, capable of carrying the operating current required by the acquisition board 211 (typically 10-100 mA). The connection between the conductor and the acquisition board 211 can be achieved using micro-welding or crimping processes, and the connection to the electrode post can be achieved through threaded terminals or spring clamps, ensuring reliable connection and easy maintenance.

[0063] The explosion-proof valve patch 214 has a first through hole 214a and a second through hole 214b, providing passageways for wires. A first wire 212 passes through the first through hole 214a, and a second wire 213 passes through the second through hole 214b. The diameter of the through holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the wires, for example, 1.2-1.5 mm, and a sealing ring or sealant is placed around the through holes to ensure that the overall sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve patch 214 is not affected.

[0064] The acquisition board 211 obtains operating power directly from the positive and negative terminals of the battery through the first wire 212 and the second wire 213, eliminating the need for an additional power supply module and simplifying system design. Simultaneously, the acquisition board 211 can monitor the battery's terminal voltage in real time, accurately measuring the battery's real-time voltage value through its built-in voltage divider circuit and ADC converter.

[0065] During normal operation, the acquisition board 211 obtains a stable DC power supply (e.g., 3.2-4.2V) from the terminals, providing power to the sensors, microprocessor, and communication modules on the board. The voltage acquisition function can monitor the battery's charge / discharge status, capacity changes, and health status. When the battery voltage is abnormal, such as overcharge (>4.2V) or over-discharge (<2.5V), the acquisition board 211 immediately issues a warning signal.

[0066] In other words, the wires serve as both power and signal lines, achieving a high degree of system integration. Compared to traditional solutions that require separate power and signal lines, this reduces the number of connections by 50%, lowering system complexity and potential points of failure.

[0067] See Figure 3 Another embodiment is provided, in which the single cell further includes a housing and an electrode assembly. The housing has a receiving cavity, the electrode assembly is disposed in the receiving cavity, the top cover 201 is connected to the housing and covers the receiving cavity, the first electrode post 202 and the second electrode post 203 are both electrically connected to the electrode assembly; the acquisition plate 211 is bonded to at least one of the explosion-proof valve 204 and the top cover 201, and the acquisition plate 211 is located on the side of the explosion-proof valve 204 away from the electrode assembly in the thickness direction of the top cover 201.

[0068] In this embodiment, the single battery cell also includes a casing and an electrode assembly, forming a complete battery structure. The casing has a receiving cavity, within which the electrode assembly is disposed for electrochemical reactions. A top cover 201 is connected to the casing and seals the receiving cavity, forming a sealed working environment. The first electrode post 202 and the second electrode post 203 are both electrically connected to the electrode assembly, serving as the positive and negative output terminals of the battery, respectively.

[0069] The acquisition plate 211 is bonded to at least one of the explosion-proof valve 204 and the top cover plate 201, providing flexible installation options. Specifically, it includes the following three bonding methods:

[0070] Option 1: The acquisition plate 211 is bonded to the top cover plate 201. The acquisition plate 211 is directly bonded to the surface of the top cover plate 201, and fixed using thermally conductive adhesive or structural adhesive. This method is simple to install, has a large bonding area, and high connection reliability. The thermally conductive adhesive can be silicone-based or epoxy resin-based, with good thermal conductivity (1-3 W / mK), which is beneficial for the conduction and dissipation of battery heat. The bonding thickness is usually controlled between 0.1-0.5 mm to ensure bonding strength without affecting the overall thickness.

[0071] Option 2 involves bonding the data acquisition plate 211 to the explosion-proof valve 204. The data acquisition plate 211 is directly bonded to the surface of the explosion-proof valve 204, achieving zero-distance monitoring. Flexible adhesives, such as polyurethane or acrylic adhesives, can be used, offering good flexibility and bonding strength. This allows the data acquisition plate 211 to directly sense minute deformations of the explosion-proof valve 204, improving the sensitivity of pressure and strain monitoring. The adhesive must have temperature resistance (-40℃ to +85℃) to ensure reliable bonding under various operating environments.

[0072] Option 3 involves bonding the data acquisition plate 211 to both the explosion-proof valve 204 and the top cover plate 201. Different areas of the data acquisition plate 211 are bonded to both the explosion-proof valve 204 and the top cover plate 201, forming a multi-point fixation. Flexible adhesive is used in the explosion-proof valve 204 area to maintain monitoring sensitivity, while rigid adhesive is used in the top cover plate 201 area to provide structural support. This hybrid bonding method balances monitoring performance and mechanical strength.

[0073] The adhesive bonding method simplifies the installation process, eliminating the need for additional mechanical fasteners and reducing assembly complexity and cost. Secondly, the adhesive fills tiny gaps, forming a continuous sealing layer that effectively prevents the intrusion of external moisture and contaminants. Thirdly, the adhesive's elastic properties absorb vibration and shock, protecting the precision electronic components on the acquisition board 211.

[0074] Continue reading Figure 3 In this embodiment, the acquisition plate 211 has a weak part 211b and a connecting part 211a. The connecting part 211a is arranged in a ring shape and connected to the outer periphery of the weak part 211b. The outer periphery of the connecting part 211a is bonded to the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole 201a and / or the edge of the explosion-proof hole 201a.

[0075] In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the connecting portion 211a is bonded to the wall and / or edge of the explosion-proof hole 201a, providing a variety of flexible connection possibilities. Wherein:

[0076] Option 1 involves bonding only to the hole wall; the outer circumferential surface of the connecting part 211a is bonded to the cylindrical hole wall of the explosion-proof hole 201a, forming a side annular bonding strip. This method provides a moderate bonding area, allowing the acquisition plate 211 to be inserted into the explosion-proof hole 201a during installation. The adhesive fills the annular gap between the connecting part 211a and the hole wall, forming a firm radial fixation.

[0077] Option 2 involves bonding only to the edge of the hole. The lower surface of the connecting part 211a is bonded to the edge of the explosion-proof hole 201a, forming a planar annular bond. The acquisition plate 211 is placed flat on the surface of the top cover plate 201. The annular structure of the connecting part 211a is completely fitted to the edge of the hole, resulting in a large bonding area, high connection strength, and a relatively simple installation process.

[0078] Option 3 involves simultaneous bonding to both the hole wall and the hole edge; the connecting part 211a is bonded to both the hole wall and the hole edge, forming a three-dimensional composite bonding structure. This method combines the advantages of radial fixation and axial support, providing the highest connection reliability and sealing performance.

[0079] Continue reading Figure 3 In this embodiment, the weak part 211b is provided with a first air hole 211c, which penetrates the weak part 211b along the thickness direction of the top cover plate 201.

[0080] In this embodiment, the diameter of the first vent 211c can be 0.1-0.5 mm, allowing a small amount of gas to pass through slowly, thus achieving a fine-tuning balance between internal and external pressure. During normal charging and discharging of the battery, slight pressure fluctuations will occur inside the battery due to temperature changes and electrochemical reactions. The first vent 211c can release these minute pressure changes in a timely manner, avoiding adverse effects on battery performance due to pressure accumulation.

[0081] The thickness of the weak part 211b can be 30-60% of the thickness of the connecting part 211a. This differentiated setting gives the weak part 211b better flexibility and sensitivity. When the internal pressure of the battery fluctuates normally, the weak part 211b can undergo slight elastic deformation to regulate the pressure through the first vent 211c. When the pressure rises abnormally and exceeds the safety threshold, the explosion-proof valve 204 will activate in time to protect the battery safety.

[0082] In some embodiments, the acquisition board 211 has a pressure acquisition module, which is electrically connected to both the first pole 202 and the second pole 203, and is located in the weak part 211b.

[0083] In this embodiment, the acquisition board 211 has a pressure acquisition module. When the internal pressure of the battery is abnormal and depressurized through the explosion-proof valve 204, the pressure acquisition module can monitor the pressure situation, thus realizing the monitoring of the internal pressure of the battery. Moreover, when the pressure increases sharply and breaks through the explosion-proof valve 204, the pressure acquisition module can collect the pressure situation just before the explosion and store it itself or transmit it to the main control board for storage, so as to serve as a basis for judging the cause of the fault afterward. The pressure acquisition module is electrically connected to both the first terminal 202 and the second terminal 203, and obtains working power from the positive and negative terminals of the battery, ensuring reliable power supply for the module. The detection end of the pressure acquisition module can be located in the weak part 211b, making full use of the flexibility and sensitivity of the weak part 211b.

[0084] The air pressure acquisition module can employ a MEMS pressure sensor, for example, a sensor chip with a size of 2×2×0.5mm, featuring high precision, low power consumption, and fast response. The sensor range can be set from 0 to kPa, with an accuracy of ±1 kPa, enabling accurate detection of minute pressure changes inside the battery. The sensor can be connected to the signal processing circuitry on the acquisition board 211 via wire bonding or flexible connection.

[0085] The air pressure acquisition module also includes a signal conditioning circuit, an ADC converter, and a data processing unit. The signal conditioning circuit amplifies and filters the weak analog signal output by the sensor; the ADC converter converts the analog signal into a digital signal; and the data processing unit performs real-time analysis and storage of the pressure data.

[0086] Under normal operating conditions, the pressure acquisition module continuously monitors the battery's internal reference pressure and pressure fluctuations. When the battery is charging, the internal pressure increases due to rising temperature and slight gas release; during discharge, the pressure relatively decreases. Through long-term pressure data acquisition and analysis, the battery's health and remaining lifespan can be assessed.

[0087] When the battery experiences abnormal conditions, such as overcharging, overheating, or internal short circuits, the pressure acquisition module can promptly detect a sharp rise in pressure. When the pressure exceeds a preset threshold, the system immediately issues a warning signal, providing critical safety information to the battery management system.

[0088] The data from the air pressure acquisition module can be transmitted to the host computer via wireless communication (such as Bluetooth or WiFi) or wired interface, providing real-time pressure monitoring data for the battery management system and enabling comprehensive monitoring and intelligent management of battery safety status.

[0089] Continue reading Figure 3 In this embodiment, the first air hole 211c is provided in multiple ways; and / or, the air pressure acquisition module is provided on the side of the weak part 211b facing the explosion-proof valve 204; and / or, in the thickness direction of the top cover plate 201, the thickness of the weak part 211b is less than the thickness of the connecting part 211a.

[0090] In this design, multiple first vents 211c can be provided, for example, 2-6, evenly distributed on the weak part 211b. The multiple first vents 211c improve the efficiency and reliability of pressure balancing. Each vent can have a diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm, increasing the total ventilation cross-sectional area and enabling faster balancing of internal and external battery pressure. Even if one vent becomes blocked, the others can still function normally, ensuring system redundancy and safety. The multi-vent design also helps reduce the flow rate of individual vents, lowering airflow noise.

[0091] In another embodiment, the pressure acquisition module is located on the side of the weak portion 211b facing the explosion-proof valve 204. This pressure acquisition module is specifically positioned on the side of the weak portion 211b facing the explosion-proof valve 204, i.e., the surface facing the inside of the battery. This allows the pressure sensor to directly sense pressure changes from inside the battery, improving the sensitivity and accuracy of monitoring. The shortest distance between the sensor and the explosion-proof valve 204 allows for a more accurate reflection of the pressure state at the explosion-proof valve 204, providing the most accurate early warning information for the operation of the explosion-proof valve 204.

[0092] Furthermore, in this design, the thickness of the weak portion 211b is significantly less than the thickness of the connecting portion 211a in the thickness direction of the top cover 201. For example, the thickness of the weak portion is 0.2-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the connecting portion 211a is 0.5-1.2 mm, with a thickness ratio of approximately 1:2 to 1:3. This differentiated design gives the weak portion 211b better flexibility and pressure sensitivity, while the connecting portion 211a provides sufficient mechanical strength and sealing performance. The weak portion 211b is prone to slight deformation under pressure, facilitating sensor detection by the air pressure acquisition module; the larger thickness of the connecting portion 211a ensures a reliable connection with the explosion-proof hole 201a.

[0093] Furthermore, the multiple first vents 211c provide excellent pressure balancing capabilities, while the placement of the pressure acquisition module on the side facing the explosion-proof valve 204 ensures optimal monitoring performance. The coordinated operation of the multiple vents and the sensor guarantees timely pressure balancing and achieves accurate pressure monitoring. The sensor can detect changes in airflow through the multiple vents, providing more comprehensive pressure information. Additionally, the placement of the first vents 211c allows for the release of gas between the acquisition plate 211 and the explosion-proof valve 204 after installation, ensuring balanced internal and external pressure on the acquisition plate 211 and preventing high internal pressure from affecting the reliability of the valve body of the explosion-proof valve 204.

[0094] In some embodiments, multiple first vents 211c can be provided. This solution combines a multi-vent design with a differentiated thickness design, given that the thickness of the weak portion 211b is less than that of the connecting portion 211a. The smaller thickness of the weak portion 211b makes the multiple first vents 211c easier to process and improves airflow. The thinner weak portion 211b deforms more significantly under pressure, allowing the multiple vents to release pressure more effectively. The larger thickness of the connecting portion 211a ensures the stability of the overall structure, resulting in a design with clearly defined functional zones.

[0095] In some embodiments, the thickness of the weak portion 211b on the side of the pressure acquisition module facing the explosion-proof valve 204 can be less than that of the connecting portion 211a. Specifically, the smaller thickness of the weak portion 211b allows the pressure acquisition module positioned on the side facing the explosion-proof valve 204 to detect pressure changes more sensitively. The sensor is closer to the explosion-proof valve 204, resulting in a stronger monitoring signal; the thinner weak portion 211b allows for more direct pressure transmission and a faster response time. This combination maximizes monitoring performance.

[0096] In some embodiments, multiple first air vents 211c, an air pressure acquisition module positioned towards the explosion-proof valve 204, and a differentiated thickness design can be simultaneously employed. This combined approach offers optimal overall performance: multiple air vents ensure reliable air pressure balance; the optimal sensor placement guarantees monitoring accuracy; and the differentiated thickness design balances sensitivity and structural strength. These three technical features work together to form a fully functional and high-performance integrated solution.

[0097] In some embodiments, the acquisition board 211 further includes a temperature acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, and a wireless communication module. The temperature acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are both electrically connected to the first pole 202 and the second pole 203, and the wireless through-hole module is electrically connected to both the temperature acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module.

[0098] In this embodiment, the acquisition board 211 adopts a modular integrated layout, organically integrating the four major functional modules of air pressure, temperature, voltage and communication onto a single circuit board.

[0099] The temperature acquisition module can employ an NTC thermistor or a digital temperature sensor, with a measurement range of -40℃ to +85℃ and an accuracy of ±1℃, to monitor the battery's operating temperature in real time. The voltage acquisition module can utilize an integrated high-precision ADC converter, with a measurement range of 2.0-5.0V and an accuracy of ±5mV, to continuously monitor changes in battery terminal voltage. The wireless communication module can use a low-power Bluetooth or WiFi chip, supporting 2.4GHz band communication with a transmission distance of 10-100 meters.

[0100] Both the temperature and voltage acquisition modules are electrically connected to the terminals via the first wire 212 and the second wire 213, forming a unified power supply system. The acquisition board 211 internally incorporates a power management circuit, including a low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) and a power switch circuit, providing a stable 3.3V operating voltage to each module. The power management circuit also features overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, and short-circuit protection functions to ensure safe operation of the system under various abnormal conditions.

[0101] The wireless communication module connects to each acquisition module via an internal data bus (such as I2C or SPI) to achieve centralized data aggregation and processing. The communication module has a built-in microcontroller responsible for the coordinated management of data acquisition, processing, storage, and transmission. Data transmission uses a standardized protocol, supporting real-time data uploading and historical data querying.

[0102] The present invention further proposes a battery pack, including a single battery cell as described in the foregoing embodiments. The specific structure of the single battery cell is as described in the foregoing embodiments. Since the present battery pack adopts all the technical solutions of all the foregoing embodiments, it has at least all the technical effects brought about by the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0103] The battery pack comprises multiple individual cells, a battery pack casing, a battery management system (BMS), and a thermal management system. The individual cells are connected in series, parallel, or a hybrid series-parallel configuration, with different voltage and capacity levels configured according to application requirements. For example, small battery packs use 4-8 individual cells in series, with an operating voltage of 12.8-25.6V; medium-sized battery packs use 10-20 cells in series, with an operating voltage of 32-64V; and large battery packs can use complex series-parallel combinations of dozens or even hundreds of cells.

[0104] The battery pack casing can be made of aluminum alloy or steel. The interior of the casing includes battery mounting brackets, insulating partitions, and cushioning materials to ensure the safe securing of individual batteries under harsh conditions such as vibration and impact.

[0105] Because each individual battery cell is equipped with an integrated data acquisition component 210, the battery pack achieves distributed intelligent monitoring. Each individual battery cell's acquisition board 211 independently monitors its own voltage, temperature, air pressure, and other parameters, transmitting the data to the battery management system in real time via a wireless communication module. This distributed architecture offers significant advantages over traditional centralized monitoring.

[0106] The battery management system (BMS) simultaneously receives status information from all individual battery cells via a wireless network, enabling unified management and control of the entire battery pack. The system can monitor the operating status of each individual battery cell in real time, promptly detect abnormal cells, and take corresponding protective measures, such as disconnecting faulty cells and adjusting charging and discharging strategies.

[0107] The above description is only a part or preferred embodiment of this utility model. Neither the text nor the drawings should limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings under the overall concept of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, include: A top cover assembly, the top cover assembly including a top cover plate, a first pole, a second pole, and an explosion-proof valve, wherein the first pole and the second pole are both inserted through the top cover plate, at least one of the first pole and the second pole is insulated from the top cover plate, the top cover plate is provided with an explosion-proof hole, and the explosion-proof valve is connected to the top cover plate and covers the explosion-proof hole; The acquisition component includes an acquisition board, which is electrically connected to both the first electrode and the second electrode. The acquisition board is disposed on the explosion-proof valve, and at least a portion of the acquisition board is located within the explosion-proof hole.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery also includes a housing and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing. The top cover is connected to the housing. The first electrode post and the second electrode post are both electrically connected to the electrode assembly. The top cover assembly also includes an explosion-proof valve patch, which is connected to the top cover plate and located on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly. At least a portion of the acquisition board is located between the explosion-proof valve and the explosion-proof valve patch.

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The acquisition component further includes a first wire and a second wire, wherein the first wire is electrically connected to the acquisition board and the first electrode, and the second wire is electrically connected to the acquisition board and the second electrode; The data acquisition board is attached between the explosion-proof valve and the explosion-proof valve patch. The explosion-proof valve patch has a first through hole and a second through hole. The first wire passes through the first through hole, and the second wire passes through the second through hole.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery also includes a housing and an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly being disposed inside the housing, the top cover being connected to the housing, and the first electrode post and the second electrode post being electrically connected to the electrode assembly; the acquisition plate is bonded to at least one of the explosion-proof valve and the top cover, and the acquisition plate is located on the side of the explosion-proof valve away from the electrode assembly in the thickness direction of the top cover.

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The acquisition plate has a weak part and a connecting part. The connecting part is arranged in a ring and connected to the outer periphery of the weak part. The outer periphery of the connecting part is bonded to the hole wall and / or the edge of the explosion-proof hole.

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weak part is provided with a first air hole, which penetrates the weak part along the thickness direction of the top cover plate.

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The acquisition board has a pressure acquisition module, which is electrically connected to both the first pole and the second pole, and the pressure acquisition module is located in the weak part.

8. The single-cell battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first air hole is provided in multiple locations; and / or, the air pressure acquisition module is located on the side of the weak part facing the explosion-proof valve; and / or, in the thickness direction of the top cover plate, the thickness of the weak part is less than the thickness of the connecting part.

9. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The acquisition board also includes a temperature acquisition module, a voltage acquisition module, and a wireless communication module. The temperature acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module are both electrically connected to the first pole and the second pole, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected to both the temperature acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Including the single cell battery as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images