Helium dehydrogenation reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a helium dehydrogenation reactor belongs to reactor technical field. A helium dehydrogenation reactor, including the casing and fixed communication in the casing both ends's gas flange and the gas flange, still include: fixedly connected in the casing gas distribution board of admission end, the gas distribution board fixedly connected with the guide vane of the center position of one side of gas flange is close to admission, and the guide vane is coaxial with admission flange and sets up, the utility model discloses a casing setting, adopt simple cylindrical main body structure, only set up catalytic reaction part, gas distribution board and heating coil etc. necessary components inside, compact structure, easy manufacturing, reduced equipment cost, gas distribution board can make helium even into catalytic reaction area, improve the contact efficiency of gas and catalyst, and then promote dehydrogenation efficiency, and heating coil even winding is in the outside of casing, can carry out even heating to the inside, guarantee catalytic reaction under the suitable temperature steady carries out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of reactor technology, and in particular to a helium dehydrogenation reactor. Background Technology

[0002] A helium dehydrogenation reactor is an industrial device specifically designed to remove trace amounts of hydrogen impurities from high-purity helium. Its core purpose is to reduce the hydrogen concentration in helium to extremely low levels (typically ≤0.1ppm) through catalytic oxidation or adsorption technologies to meet the stringent requirements for ultra-high purity helium in fields such as semiconductor manufacturing, aerospace engineering, and the nuclear industry.

[0003] High-purity helium is an indispensable gaseous raw material in fields such as semiconductor manufacturing, optical fiber production, and scientific research experiments. However, industrial-grade helium often contains a small amount of hydrogen impurities, and the presence of hydrogen may have an adverse effect on the production process or experimental results. Therefore, it is necessary to perform dehydrogenation purification treatment on helium.

[0004] Most existing helium dehydrogenation equipment has a relatively complex structure. Due to its complex structural design, helium dehydrogenation equipment integrates multiple independent reaction units, heating modules, and gas distribution components. In multi-stage dehydrogenation processes, this decentralized architecture not only significantly increases equipment costs and manufacturing difficulty, but also leads to insufficient system coordination, making it difficult to improve dehydrogenation efficiency and causing fluctuations in equipment stability. Furthermore, in conventional reactors, gas flow tends to accumulate in the center and disperse at the edges, resulting in uneven gas flow through the packing material. Therefore, we urgently need a helium dehydrogenation reactor to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of complex dehydrogenation structures, fluctuating equipment stability, and central flow deviation of gas flow in the reactor in existing technologies, and to propose a helium dehydrogenation reactor.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A helium dehydrogenation reactor includes a shell and an inlet flange and an outlet flange fixedly connected to both ends of the shell. It also includes a gas distribution plate fixedly connected to the inlet end of the shell. A guide cone is fixedly connected to the center of the gas distribution plate near the inlet flange, and the guide cone is coaxially arranged with the inlet flange. Several inlet holes are opened on the gas distribution plate and outside the guide cone, with the inlet holes changing in a gradient along the radial direction of the gas distribution plate. A catalytic reaction section is located in the middle of the shell, a heating section is located on the shell, and an oxygen injection section is fixedly installed on the gas distribution plate. When the oxygen injection section is working, helium and oxygen mix and enter the shell.

[0008] For better airflow guidance, preferably, the angle between the cone surface of the guide cone and the axis of the housing is in the range of 60°-120°.

[0009] To provide a stable catalytic reaction, preferably, the catalytic reaction section includes two sets of porous support plates fixedly installed in the middle of the housing, with catalyst particles filling the space between the two sets of porous support plates. When helium and oxygen come into contact with the catalyst particles, a catalytic oxidation reaction is formed.

[0010] To prevent particles from falling off, the aperture of the porous support plate is further specified to be in the range of 0.5mm-1mm.

[0011] To stabilize the temperature required for the reaction, preferably, the heating element includes an annular cavity formed in the housing, in which a heating coil is fixedly wound. The housing is equipped with a socket that is electrically connected to the heating coil. When the heating coil is working, the temperature inside the housing rises and remains constant.

[0012] To improve the reaction effect, preferably, the oxygen injection unit includes an annular oxygen injection pipe fixedly installed on one side of the guide cone on the gas distribution plate. The annular oxygen injection pipe has injection pipes arranged equidistantly in a ring. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the annular oxygen injection pipe, and the other end of the air inlet pipe extends outward to the outside of the shell.

[0013] To better mix with helium, the angle between the injection tube and the plane of the gas distribution plate is further in the range of 30°-45°.

[0014] To improve reaction efficiency, preferably, the catalyst particles are made of supported noble metal catalysts.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a helium dehydrogenation reactor, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This helium dehydrogenation reactor, through the setting of the guide cone and the gas distribution plate, when the conical curved surface of the guide cone causes the gas flow to generate a radial pressure gradient after impact, the pressure in the central area increases due to the impact, while the pressure in the edge area is relatively low, which prompts the gas to flow automatically to the edge. In conjunction with the variable aperture distribution hole, the radial flow rate is further balanced, avoiding the problem of "overflow in the center and underflow at the edge".

[0017] 2. In this helium dehydrogenation reactor, the annular oxygen injection pipe allows oxygen to be injected into the gas distribution plate by the injection pipe on the annular oxygen injection pipe. This, combined with the variable diameter inlet of the gas distribution plate, promotes cross-flow mixing of oxygen and helium within the pores of the gas distribution plate, thereby improving the mixing of helium and oxygen.

[0018] 3. This helium dehydrogenation reactor features a simple cylindrical main structure with a shell enclosure. The interior contains only essential components such as a catalytic reaction section, a gas distribution plate, and heating coils. Its compact structure and ease of manufacturing reduce equipment costs. The gas distribution plate ensures uniform helium entry into the catalytic reaction zone, improving the contact efficiency between the gas and the catalyst, thereby enhancing dehydrogenation efficiency. The heating coils, evenly wound around the outside of the shell, provide uniform heating to the interior, ensuring the catalytic reaction proceeds stably at a suitable temperature.

[0019] The parts of this device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. This invention avoids the situation where the airflow in the shell accumulates in the center and is loose at the edges, improves the uniformity of the airflow through the packing zone, and uses a compact mechanism to improve the treatment of chlorine gas, effectively improving the dehydrogenation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a helium dehydrogenation reactor proposed in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a helium dehydrogenation reactor proposed in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas distribution plate structure of a helium dehydrogenation reactor proposed in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the annular oxygen injection pipe structure of a helium dehydrogenation reactor proposed in this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Inlet flange; 3. Outlet flange; 4. Gas distribution plate; 5. Guide cone; 6. Inlet port; 7. Porous support plate; 8. Catalyst particles; 9. Annular cavity; 10. Heating coil; 11. Socket; 12. Annular oxygen injection pipe; 13. Injection pipe; 14. Inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Example

[0027] Reference Figures 1-4 A helium dehydrogenation reactor includes a shell 1 and an inlet flange 2 and an outlet flange 3 fixedly connected to both ends of the shell 1. A gas distribution plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the shell 1. Here, helium enters the shell 1 at high speed through the inlet flange 2 via external equipment. The inlet flange 2 is located below the shell 1. When gas is introduced from the bottom, the gas can flow upward through the gas distribution plate 4. By utilizing the perpendicular relationship between gravity and the gas flow direction, the risk of gas deviation can be reduced. The reactor also includes:

[0028] A guide cone 5 is fixedly connected to the center of the gas distribution plate 4 near the inlet flange 2, and the guide cone 5 is coaxial with the inlet flange 2. The angle between the cone surface of the guide cone 5 and the axis of the housing 1 is 60°-120°, preferably 90°. When hydrogen-helium gas is injected into the housing 1 at high speed from the inlet flange 2, it first hits the tip of the guide cone 5. The airflow is forced to split into a uniform annular flow along the cone surface and radiates to the periphery of the gas distribution plate 4 instead of directly impacting the central area of ​​the distribution plate. This can transform the high velocity and large flow of the concentrated airflow at the center into a thin layer of airflow that is uniformly distributed radially, reducing the velocity difference between the center and the edge.

[0029] Several air inlets 6 are provided on the gas distribution plate 4 and located on the outer side of the guide cone 5. The air inlets 6 have a gradient change in the radial direction of the gas distribution plate 4. Here, the diameter of the air inlets 6 near the guide cone 5 is smaller, and the diameter of the air inlets 6 near the inner wall of the housing 1 is larger. The diameter of the air inlets 6 between the two increases sequentially from the smaller diameter. When the conical surface of the guide cone 5 causes the airflow to generate a radial pressure gradient after impact, the pressure in the central area increases due to the impact, while the pressure in the edge area is relatively low, which causes the gas to flow automatically to the edge. In conjunction with the variable diameter distribution holes, the radial flow rate is further balanced, avoiding the problem of "overflow in the center and underflow at the edge".

[0030] A catalytic reaction section is located in the middle of the shell 1. The catalytic reaction section includes two sets of porous support plates 7 fixedly installed in the middle of the shell 1. Catalyst particles 8 are filled between the two sets of porous support plates 7. When helium and oxygen come into contact with the catalyst particles 8, a catalytic oxidation reaction is formed. The pore size on the porous support plates 7 is in the range of 0.5mm-1mm, which can prevent the catalyst particles 8 from falling off and ensure that the gas passes through smoothly. The catalyst particles 8 are made of supported noble metal catalysts. Here, platinum catalysts or palladium catalysts supported on alumina support are preferred. The particle size of the catalyst particles 8 is 2-5mm to ensure that the gas has good flow and sufficient catalytic reaction contact area in the catalytic reaction zone.

[0031] A heating element is provided on the housing 1. The heating element includes an annular cavity 9 formed on the housing 1. A heating coil 10 is fixedly wound in the annular cavity 9. Here, the heating coil 10 is made of nickel-chromium alloy wire with a winding density of 2.5 turns per centimeter. The heating temperature of the heating coil 10 can be precisely controlled by an external temperature control device, thereby uniformly heating the inside of the housing 1. A socket 11 is installed on the housing 1 for electrical connection with the heating coil 10. Here, the heating coil 10 needs to be electrically connected to an external heating element. During operation, under the control of the external temperature control device, the heating coil 10 heats the temperature inside the housing 1 and maintains it within the catalytic reaction temperature range of 200-300°C.

[0032] An oxygen injection unit is fixedly installed on the gas distribution plate 4. When the oxygen injection unit is working, helium and oxygen are mixed and enter the housing 1. The oxygen injection unit includes an annular oxygen injection pipe 12 fixedly installed on one side of the guide cone 5 on the gas distribution plate 4. An injection pipe 13 is arranged equidistantly on the annular oxygen injection pipe 12. An air inlet pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the annular oxygen injection pipe 12, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 14 extends outward to the outside of the housing 1. The angle between the injection pipe 13 and the plane of the gas distribution plate 4 is in the range of 30°-45°. Here, when the injection pipe 13 on the annular oxygen injection pipe 12 injects oxygen into the gas distribution plate 4, it cooperates with the variable diameter air inlet 6 of the gas distribution plate 4 to promote the cross-flow mixing of oxygen and helium in the pores of the gas distribution plate 4, thereby improving the mixing of helium and oxygen.

[0033] In this invention, during operation, the hydrogen-containing helium gas to be processed enters the housing 1 through the inlet flange 2. The gas flow first contacts the guide cone 5 and diffuses outward along the cone surface of the guide cone 5, causing the gas to automatically flow towards the edge. The injection pipe 13 on the annular oxygen injection pipe 12 injects oxygen towards the gas distribution plate 4, causing the helium and oxygen to mix. The mixed gas enters the catalytic reaction section through the variable diameter inlet hole 6 on the gas distribution plate 4, so that the helium and oxygen can uniformly pass through the porous support plate 7 and contact the catalyst particles 8. Combined with the heating coil 10, the internal temperature of the housing 1 is heated and maintained at a catalytic reaction temperature of about 250°C. The helium and oxygen undergo a catalytic oxidation reaction on the surface of the catalyst particles 8 to generate water vapor. After the reaction, the gas passes through the upper porous support plate 7 and is discharged from the outlet flange 3. In subsequent processes, the water vapor can be removed by condensation, drying and other devices to obtain dehydrogenated high-purity helium.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A helium dehydrogenation reactor, comprising a shell (1) and an inlet flange (2) and an outlet flange (3) fixedly connected to both ends of the shell (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A gas distribution plate (4) is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the housing (1). A guide cone (5) is fixedly connected to the center of the gas distribution plate (4) near the inlet flange (2). The guide cone (5) is coaxially arranged with the inlet flange (2). Several air inlets (6) are opened on the gas distribution plate (4) and on the outside of the guide cone (5). The air inlets (6) are gradient along the radial direction of the gas distribution plate (4). A catalytic reaction section is located in the middle of the shell (1); A heating element is provided on the housing (1); An oxygen injection unit is fixedly installed on a gas distribution plate (4). When the oxygen injection unit is working, helium and oxygen are mixed and enter the housing (1).

2. The helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the cone surface of the guide cone (5) and the axis of the shell (1) is in the range of 60°-120°.

3. A helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalytic reaction section includes two sets of porous support plates (7) fixedly installed in the middle of the housing (1). Catalyst particles (8) are filled between the two sets of porous support plates (7). When helium and oxygen come into contact with the catalyst particles (8), a catalytic oxidation reaction is formed.

4. A helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The aperture range of the holes opened on the porous support plate (7) is 0.5mm to 1mm.

5. A helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating part includes an annular cavity (9) opened on the housing (1), and a heating coil (10) is fixedly wound in the annular cavity (9). A socket (11) electrically connected to the heating coil (10) is installed on the housing (1). When the heating coil (10) is working, the temperature inside the housing (1) rises and remains constant.

6. A helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen injection unit includes an annular oxygen injection pipe (12) fixedly installed on one side of the guide cone (5) on the gas distribution plate (4). The annular oxygen injection pipe (12) is equidistantly arranged with injection pipes (13). An air inlet pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the annular oxygen injection pipe (12), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (14) extends outward to the outside of the housing (1).

7. A helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The angle between the injection pipe (13) and the plane of the gas distribution plate (4) is in the range of 30°-45°.

8. A helium dehydrogenation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The catalyst particles (8) are made of supported noble metal catalysts.

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