A coulter-type coke machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to heavy oil processing equipment technical field especially, a kind of ploughshare type coking machine, including frame, coking bin, power mechanism and filter system, coking bin is fixed in frame, the first baffle and second baffle that coking bin's bin body shell is equipped with will bin body be sequentially separated into pre-coking area, main reaction zone and discharge area;Power mechanism is located at the frame and drives two horizontal and parallel arrangement's rotating shaft, rotating shaft extends into the coking bin and is equipped with ploughshare group;Filter system includes at least one metal sintered mesh filter, is installed in coking bin top and is communicated with bin. By setting double rotating shaft cross ploughshare group, realize three-dimensional shearing mixing, improve material mixing uniformity, avoid caking and local overheating, set two different height baffle in closed coking bin, significantly improve pyrolysis efficiency, reduce backmixing phenomenon, ensure that material is fully reacted, mechanical seal and packing seal double protection, completely eliminate toxic gas leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of heavy oil processing equipment, and in particular relates to a plow-type coking machine. Background Technology

[0002] In petroleum processing, coking is short for residue coking, which refers to the process by which heavy oil (such as heavy oil, vacuum residue, cracked residue, and even asphalt) undergoes deep cracking and condensation reactions at high temperatures of around 500℃ to produce gas, gasoline, diesel, wax oil, and petroleum coke.

[0003] Existing heavy oil coking equipment includes rotary kiln coking furnaces and fluidized bed coking furnaces. Rotary kiln coking furnaces rely on the rotation of the kiln body for heat transfer, resulting in uneven heating of the material and slow heat conduction, leading to high energy consumption. They also tend to generate a large amount of low-value petroleum coke during the pyrolysis process, making them uneconomical. The refractory lining of the kiln is easily worn down at high temperatures, requiring frequent maintenance and increasing operating costs. They are sensitive to feedstock viscosity and are prone to coking and blockage when processing residue oils with high asphaltene or high metal content. Fluidized bed coking furnaces require a fluidized gas system, coke circulation, and separation devices, resulting in high initial construction and maintenance costs. The fluidization state requires strict control of gas flow rate, particle size, and temperature; slight instability can easily lead to coking or catalyst deactivation within the reactor. They are less adaptable to residue oils containing excessive fine powder or prone to coking, potentially causing fluidized bed blockage.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a coking equipment that can dynamically and efficiently stir, reduce emissions in a closed system, and consume low energy for the continuous production of residual oil. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a plow-type coking machine. By setting up a double-shaft cross plow blade group, the uniformity of material mixing is improved, and agglomeration and local overheating are avoided. Two baffles of different heights are set in the closed coking chamber, which significantly improves the pyrolysis efficiency, reduces back-mixing, ensures that the material reacts fully, and prevents the leakage of toxic gases.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A plow-type coking machine includes a frame, a coking bin, a power mechanism, and a filtration system. The coking bin is fixed to the frame. The bin's shell has a first partition and a second partition that sequentially divide the bin into a pre-coking zone, a main reaction zone, and a discharge zone. The power mechanism is located on the frame and drives two horizontally and parallelly arranged rotating shafts. The rotating shafts extend into the coking bin and are equipped with plow blades. The filtration system includes at least one sintered metal mesh filter, installed on the top of the coking bin and communicating with the inside of the bin.

[0008] Furthermore, the first baffle is located at 2 / 3 to 7 / 9 of the length of the silo and is 400-800 mm above the center line of the two rotating shafts; the second baffle is located at 7 / 9 to 8 / 9 of the length of the silo and is 300-400 mm below the center line of the two rotating shafts. The first baffle forces the material to be turned over to the main reaction zone, prolonging the pyrolysis residence time; the second baffle restricts the direct entry of unreacted material into the discharge zone.

[0009] Furthermore, the pre-coking zone has two feed inlets at the top, and the discharge zone has a discharge outlet with a pneumatic slide gate valve at the bottom. The pneumatic slide gate valve controls the material discharge rate.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the pre-coking zone is provided with a first inspection port, and the top of the discharge zone is provided with a second inspection port, both of which are equipped with sight glasses and pressure relief devices.

[0011] Furthermore, the portion of the rotating shaft extending out of the chamber is sequentially fitted with a packing seal and a mechanical seal. The mechanical seal is fixed to the end face of the chamber via a pressure cap flange, and the packing seal is tightened by an adjustable pressure cap.

[0012] Furthermore, each plow blade group consists of 4 radially evenly distributed plow blades, with the plow blade groups on the two rotating shafts being circumferentially intersecting.

[0013] Furthermore, the plow blade includes a blade holder and blades. The blades are arranged in a spiral pattern to propel the material axially and enhance the dispersion effect.

[0014] Furthermore, the sintered metal mesh filter is equipped with a nitrogen inlet, a drain outlet, a gas outlet, and a nitrogen branch valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a motor, a reducer, and a coupling, wherein the center lines of the motor, reducer, coupling, mechanical seal, packing seal, and two rotating shafts are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This utility model of plow-type coking machine, through innovative structural design and functional optimization, significantly improves pyrolysis efficiency and sealing performance. Specific advantages and positive effects are as follows:

[0018] 1. High-efficiency pyrolysis and uniform mixing

[0019] The dual-partition design (pre-coking zone, main reaction zone, and discharge zone) extends the material residence time, ensuring full reaction. The synergistic effect of the cross-plow blade assembly achieves three-dimensional shear mixing, avoiding agglomeration and localized overheating, improving pyrolysis uniformity, and reducing energy consumption.

[0020] 2. Zero-leakage sealing system

[0021] With dual protection from mechanical seal and packing seal, the filter is sealed to the coking chamber, and the filtered gas enters the designated recovery device, completely preventing the leakage of toxic gases and exhibiting excellent environmental performance. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a plowshare coking machine;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of a plowshare coking machine;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of a plowshare coking machine.

[0025] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0026] 1-Metal sintered mesh filter, 101-Gas outlet, 102-Nitrogen branch valve, 103-Drain outlet, 104-Nitrogen inlet, 105-Metal mesh, 2-First inspection port, 3-Flange, 4-Second inspection port, 5-Housing shell, 6-First partition, 7-First rotating shaft, 8-Second partition, 9-Packing seal, 10-Mechanical seal, 11-Discharge port, 12-Frame, 13-Adjustable support foot, 14-Motor, 15-Reducer, 16-Coupling, 17-Inlet, 18-Second rotating shaft, 19-Cut bar, 20-Blade. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only descriptive and not limiting, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1-2 The plow-type coking machine shown includes a frame 12, a coking chamber, a power mechanism, and a filtration system. Through innovative structural design and functional optimization, it significantly improves pyrolysis efficiency, sealing performance, and environmental friendliness.

[0029] The frame 12 has a supporting function and consists of a rectangular support base and a plurality of adjustable support feet 13 arranged symmetrically.

[0030] The coking chamber is used to crack and condense heavy oil to form petroleum coke. Fixed to the frame 12, the coking chamber includes a shell 5, a first partition 6, and a second partition 8. The shell 5 is heated by an external electromagnetic heating device. The shell 5 is sequentially divided into a pre-coking zone, a main reaction zone, and a discharge zone by the first partition 6 and the second partition 8. The first partition 6 is located at 2 / 3 to 7 / 9 of the chamber's length and is 400-800 mm above the center line of the two rotating shafts; the second partition 8 is located at 7 / 9 to 8 / 9 of the chamber's length and is 300-400 mm below the center line of the two rotating shafts. The first partition 6 forces the material to the main reaction zone, extending the pyrolysis residence time; the second partition 8 restricts unreacted material from directly entering the discharge zone, preventing backmixing.

[0031] Two feed inlets 17, a filter mounting hole, and a first inspection port 2 are sequentially provided at the top of the pre-coking zone. A filter mounting hole is provided at the top of the main reaction zone. A second inspection port 4 is provided at the top of the discharge zone. A discharge port 11 equipped with a pneumatic slide valve is provided at the bottom to control the material discharge rate. Both inspection ports are equipped with sight glasses and pressure relief devices.

[0032] The power mechanism is the core guarantee for achieving efficient coking. The power mechanism includes a motor 14, a reducer 15, and a coupling 16 connected in sequence. The power mechanism is located on the frame 12 and drives two horizontally and parallel rotating shafts, namely a first rotating shaft 7 and a second rotating shaft 18. The rotating shafts extend into the coking chamber and are equipped with plow blade assemblies. The portions of the rotating shafts extending out of the chamber are sequentially fitted with a packing seal 9 and a mechanical seal 10. The mechanical seal 10 is fixed to the end face of the chamber via a pressure flange 3, and the packing seal 9 is tightened by an adjustable pressure cover. Each plow blade assembly consists of four radially evenly distributed plow blades, which are circumferentially crisscrossed on the two rotating shafts. Each plow blade includes a blade shank 19 and blades 20. The blades 20 are arranged spirally, propelling the material axially and enhancing the dispersion effect. The centerlines of the motor 14, reducer 15, coupling 16, mechanical seal 10, packing seal 9, and the two rotating shafts are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0033] like Figure 3 The filtration system shown is used to filter out ash and impurities generated during the coking process. The system includes two sintered metal mesh filters 1, installed on the top of the coking silo and connected to the interior of the silo. The sintered metal mesh filters 1 are fixed to the filter mounting holes via flanges 3. Each sintered metal mesh filter 1 has a nitrogen inlet 104, a drain port 103, and a gas outlet 101. A nitrogen branch valve 102 controls the nitrogen flow rate, and multiple layers of metal mesh 105 perform filtration. The drain port 103 discharges the filtered impurities, and the gas outlet 101 connects to an external gas recovery device. Figure 2 The gas outlet 101 of the sintered metal mesh filter 1 is not shown; the internal metal mesh is shown directly.

[0034] How to use this utility model:

[0035] Before performing heavy oil cracking and condensation, this invention checks whether the connections of each piece of equipment are normal. Before starting the machine, a layer of sand and gravel is laid through the inspection port. The external electromagnetic heating device is turned on to heat the coking chamber. Nitrogen is introduced into the filtration system to form a sealed system. The motor 14 is turned on and the heavy oil feedstock is introduced. The motor 14 drives the plow blade group to rotate and shear the mixture. When the material piles up in the pre-coking zone higher than the first baffle 6, the material is forced to turn over to the main reaction zone, which can prolong the pyrolysis residence time. When the material piles up in the main reaction zone higher than the second baffle 8, the coked material turns over the second baffle 8 and enters the discharge zone. The pneumatic slide valve of the discharge port 11 is opened to discharge the material and obtain anode coke. At the same time, the gas generated during the cracking process enters the filtration system for filtration and is discharged to the designated recovery device. The entire preparation process is continuous and there is no leakage of toxic gas.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A plowshare coking machine characterized by, include: Rack (12), The coking bin is fixed to the frame (12). The bin body shell (5) of the coking bin is provided with a first partition (6) and a second partition (8) that divide the bin body into a pre-coking zone, a main reaction zone and a discharge zone in sequence. The power mechanism is located on the frame (12) and drives two horizontally and parallel rotating shafts, which extend into the coking chamber and are equipped with a plow blade assembly. The filtration system includes at least one sintered metal mesh filter (1), which is installed on the top of the coking chamber and communicates with the interior of the chamber.

2. The coking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first partition (6) is located at 2 / 3 to 7 / 9 of the length of the silo and is 400-800mm higher than the center line of the two rotating shafts; the second partition (8) is located at 7 / 9 to 8 / 9 of the length of the silo and is 300-400mm lower than the center line of the two rotating shafts.

3. The coking machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-coking zone is provided with two feed inlets (17) at the top, and the discharge zone is provided with a discharge outlet (11) with a pneumatic slide valve at the bottom.

4. The coking machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the pre-coking zone is provided with a first inspection port (2), and the top of the discharge zone is provided with a second inspection port (4).

5. The coking machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The part of the rotating shaft extending out of the chamber is fitted with a packing seal (9) and a mechanical seal (10) in sequence. The mechanical seal (10) is fixed to the end face of the chamber by a pressure cover flange (3), and the packing seal (9) is pressed by an adjustable pressure cover.

6. The coking machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, Each plow blade group consists of 4 radially evenly distributed plow blades, with the plow blade groups on the two rotating shafts intersecting in the circumferential direction.

7. The coking machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plow blade includes a handle (19) and a blade (20).

8. The coking machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The metal sintered mesh filter (1) is equipped with a nitrogen inlet (104), a drain outlet (103), a gas outlet (101), and a nitrogen branch valve (102).

9. The coking machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power mechanism includes a motor (14), a reducer (15), a coupling (16), and the center lines of the motor (14), reducer (15), coupling (16), mechanical seal (10), packing seal (9), and two rotating shafts are located on the same horizontal plane.

10. The coking machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The frame (12) includes a rectangular support base and a plurality of symmetrically arranged adjustable support feet (13).

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