Method and device for hydrogen production by electromagnetic induction pyrocarbonization

Abstract

The application provides a method and device for hydrogen production by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production by carbonization. The method comprises the following steps: S1, drying and preheating solid carbon-containing raw materials, and isolating air throughout the process; S2, starting a ceramic screw propeller in the carbonization furnace to continuously push the raw materials and sequentially pass through a preheating section, a medium-temperature dry distillation section and a high-temperature carbonization section for pyrolysis carbonization reaction, and simultaneously generate solid carbonized substances and hydrogen-containing mixed gas; S3, the solid carbonized substances are discharged after being transported to a cooling section for cooling; the hydrogen-containing mixed gas is discharged from a gas outlet and subjected to dust removal and purification treatment; and S4, the purified hydrogen-containing mixed gas is purified to obtain high-purity hydrogen. The hydrogen production process of the application does not use open flame heating, reduces dust and waste gas emission, is more environmentally friendly, can prepare high-purity hydrogen, and further improves the product value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of carbonization hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization hydrogen production. Background Technology

[0002] Coal carbonization for hydrogen production is one of the important pathways for industrial hydrogen production. Traditional coal carbonization for hydrogen production mostly uses equipment such as coal-fired rotary kilns and fixed-bed carbonization furnaces, which have three major drawbacks: First, the use of open flame heating results in high energy consumption and uneven heating, low coal pyrolysis efficiency, and insufficient hydrogen yield. Second, the furnace body is mostly made of metal, which is easily corroded by sulfur, chlorine, and other components in the coal at high temperatures, resulting in a short equipment lifespan and the inability to completely isolate the air during the process, leading to easy oxidation of the coal and a decrease in product purity. Third, the traditional propulsion structure is prone to wear and has poor high-temperature resistance, making it difficult to achieve continuous production, and the production process generates a large amount of dust and waste gas, polluting the environment.

[0003] Electromagnetic induction heating technology boasts advantages such as high heating efficiency, precise temperature control, and no open flame pollution. Ceramic materials are resistant to high temperatures, corrosion, and have good insulation properties, while the spiral propulsion structure enables continuous material conveying. However, in existing technologies, the combination of electromagnetic induction heating and ceramic spiral propulsion has not been applied to the field of coal carbonization for hydrogen production. It lacks targeted segmented temperature control, air-isolated atmosphere regulation, and integrated gas-solid separation design, failing to meet the process requirements of high-temperature coal carbonization for hydrogen production. Therefore, this invention proposes a technical solution for high-temperature coal carbonization for hydrogen production using electromagnetic induction and ceramic spiral propulsion with air isolation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application is made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a method and apparatus for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization.

[0005] Specifically, the first aspect of this application provides a method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization, comprising the following steps: S1. The solid carbon-containing raw material is crushed to the set particle size and sent into the electromagnetic induction ceramic carbonization furnace for drying and preheating, with air isolated throughout the process. S2. Start the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system of the carbonization furnace to create a temperature gradient from the feed end to the discharge end in the furnace; at the same time, start the ceramic screw propeller in the carbonization furnace to continuously push the raw material through the preheating section, the medium-temperature dry distillation section and the high-temperature carbonization section at a constant speed, and carry out the pyrolysis carbonization reaction under the condition of air isolation, and simultaneously produce solid carbonized materials and hydrogen-containing mixed gas. S3. The solid carbonized material produced by the reaction is transported to the cooling section by the ceramic screw propeller and then discharged after cooling; the hydrogen-containing mixed gas produced by the reaction is discharged from the gas outlet and undergoes dust removal and purification treatment. S4. The purified hydrogen-containing mixed gas is further purified to obtain high-purity hydrogen.

[0006] Further, in step S2, the temperature of the preheating section is 300-500℃, the temperature of the medium-temperature carbonization section is 500-850℃, and the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization section is 850-1200℃; the total residence time of the raw material in the furnace is 40-90 minutes. And / or, in step S3, the temperature of the cooling section is ≤150℃.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the propulsion rate of the ceramic propeller is 0.3-1.2 m / min; And / or, the total power of the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system is 80-200 kW, with each segment having independent temperature control and a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, inert gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace to maintain a slightly positive pressure atmosphere inside the carbonization furnace, with a pressure range of 0.1-0.5 MPa.

[0009] Furthermore, the solid carbon-containing raw material is selected from at least one of coal, biomass solids, and organic solid waste.

[0010] Alternatively, the method may further include: introducing a gaseous carbonaceous raw material into the high-temperature carbonization section through a gas distributor located at the feed end of the furnace body, and carrying out a cracking or reforming reaction under conditions of air isolation and 850-1200°C to produce hydrogen, wherein the gaseous carbonaceous raw material is selected from at least one of natural gas, alkanes, hydrocarbon industrial by-product gas, and alcohol ether gasification gas.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S5, the purification process employs pressure swing adsorption (PSA), and the purity of the resulting hydrogen product is ≥99.2%.

[0012] A second aspect of this application provides an electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device, the device comprising: The furnace body includes an independent preheating section, a medium-temperature dry distillation section, and a high-temperature carbonization section. The first discharge port of the preheating section is connected to the second feed port of the medium-temperature dry distillation section, and the second discharge port of the medium-temperature dry distillation section is connected to the third feed port of the high-temperature carbonization section. A ceramic spiral propulsion assembly is arranged axially along the inner cavity of the furnace, including a spiral shaft made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material and spiral blades fixed thereon, for conveying materials; The segmented electromagnetic induction heating assembly includes at least three independently controlled electromagnetic induction coils wound around the outer wall of the furnace body, respectively corresponding to the preheating section, the medium-temperature dry distillation section and the high-temperature carbonization section; The furnace lining structure, from the inside out, includes a thermally conductive ceramic lining and a composite conductive ceramic layer, wherein the composite conductive ceramic layer generates heat under the alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil. An atmosphere control system, including an inert gas injection line and a pressure sensor connected to the furnace cavity, is used to establish and maintain a slightly positive pressure isolation atmosphere inside the furnace. A drive unit, connected to the helical shaft of the ceramic helical propulsion assembly, is used to drive its rotation; A gas outlet is located at the top of the furnace body in the high-temperature carbonization section, used to discharge hydrogen-containing mixed gas; A solid discharge port is located at the end of the cooling section and is used to discharge solid carbonized material.

[0013] Furthermore, the material of the composite conductive ceramic layer is a ceramic-based composite conductive material, the matrix of which is selected from silicon nitride or silicon carbide, and the conductive phase is selected from silicon carbide, graphite or carbon fiber.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the furnace body is also provided with a heat insulation layer; the ceramic material of the ceramic spiral propulsion assembly can withstand temperatures of not less than 1200℃.

[0015] Furthermore, the feed end of the furnace body may optionally be equipped with a high-temperature resistant ceramic gas distributor for uniformly distributing the gas intake when producing hydrogen from gaseous raw materials.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization hydrogen production method of this invention employs a segmented electromagnetic induction heating system, combined with a composite conductive ceramic layer in the furnace lining structure. This system can precisely construct a temperature gradient from the preheating section, the medium-temperature dry distillation section to the high-temperature carbonization section, ensuring that the raw materials undergo targeted pyrolysis reactions in different temperature ranges. This effectively improves hydrogen yield and pyrolysis efficiency, solving the problems of high energy consumption and uneven heating associated with traditional open flame heating. Secondly, both the furnace body and the screw propulsion assembly are made of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials. The ceramic screw propulsion assembly can withstand temperatures no lower than 1200℃, enabling it to withstand high-temperature environments and resist corrosion from sulfur, chlorine, and other components in the raw materials, significantly extending the equipment's service life. Simultaneously, the atmosphere control system introduces inert gas to maintain a slightly positive pressure atmosphere of 0.1-0.5 MPa, achieving complete air isolation throughout the process, preventing raw material oxidation, and ensuring product purity. Furthermore, the ceramic screw propulsion assembly conveys materials at a constant rate of 0.3-1.2 m / min, with a total residence time of 40-90 minutes within the furnace. This achieves continuous and stable material propulsion and reaction. Combined with a cooling section that cools solid carbonaceous materials to ≤150℃ before discharge, continuous separation and collection of gaseous and solid products are achieved, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional propulsion structures such as easy wear and poor high-temperature resistance, which hinder continuous production. In addition, the device can be equipped with a high-temperature resistant ceramic gas distributor to accommodate the cracking or reforming reactions of gaseous carbonaceous raw materials (such as natural gas and alkanes) at 850-1200℃, expanding the range of applicable raw materials. Finally, the entire system operates without open flame heating, reducing dust and exhaust emissions, making it more environmentally friendly. Moreover, subsequent pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes can purify the hydrogen-containing mixed gas to high-purity hydrogen with a purity ≥99.2%, further enhancing product value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this drawing or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this drawing. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device of this application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Preheating section; 2. Medium-temperature carbonization section; 3. High-temperature carbonization section; 4. Cooling section; 5. First discharge port; 6. First feed port; 7. Second feed port; 8. Second discharge port; 9. Third feed port; 10. Third discharge port; 11. Fourth feed port; 12. Temperature-controlled exhaust port; 13. Spiral shaft; 14. Spiral blades; 15. Electromagnetic induction coil; 16. Drive unit; 17. Exhaust port; 18. Solid discharge port; 19. Gaseous product recovery hood; 20. Condensation recovery device; 21. Tail gas treatment device; 22. Guide pipe; 23. Exhaust fan; 24. Impurity outlet; 25. Gas emission port; 26. Sealing and insulation assembly.

[0020] The purpose, features, and advantages of this accompanying drawing will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description and illustration are provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Obviously, the following description is merely some examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar scenarios without any inventive effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the effort involved in such development may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, any changes to design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of the content of this application.

[0023] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization, comprising the following steps: S1. Crush the solid carbon-containing raw material to 20-60 mesh and send it into an electromagnetic induction ceramic carbonization furnace for drying and preheating, with the entire process isolated from air. S2. Start the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system of the carbonization furnace to create a temperature gradient from the feed end to the discharge end in the furnace; at the same time, start the ceramic screw propeller in the carbonization furnace to continuously push the raw material through the preheating section, the medium-temperature dry distillation section and the high-temperature carbonization section at a constant speed, and carry out the pyrolysis carbonization reaction under the condition of air isolation, and simultaneously produce solid carbonized materials and hydrogen-containing mixed gas. S3. The solid carbonized material produced by the reaction is transported to the cooling section by the ceramic screw propeller and then discharged after cooling; the hydrogen-containing mixed gas produced by the reaction is discharged from the gas outlet and undergoes dust removal and purification treatment. S4. The purified hydrogen-containing mixed gas is further purified to obtain high-purity hydrogen.

[0024] The hydrogen production method described above achieves continuous and efficient pyrolysis conversion of raw materials through the synergistic effect of segmented electromagnetic induction heating and ceramic screw propulsion. Specifically, after being crushed to a set particle size, the solid carbonaceous raw material enters the carbonization furnace in an air-isolated environment. It first undergoes preheating in a preheating section to remove moisture and some volatile light components, laying the foundation for subsequent dry distillation and carbonization reactions. Subsequently, driven by the ceramic screw propulsion device, the raw material enters the medium-temperature dry distillation section at a constant rate. During this stage, large organic molecules break down, generating a large amount of volatile organic compounds and semi-coke, which includes some hydrogen and light hydrocarbon gases. Next, the material enters the high-temperature carbonization section, where, at a higher temperature, the semi-coke undergoes further deep cracking and condensation reactions, generating a hydrogen-containing mixed gas mainly composed of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane, while simultaneously forming structurally stable solid carbonaceous materials. Throughout the entire process, the total residence time of the raw material in the furnace is precisely controlled between 40 and 90 minutes to ensure that each stage of the reaction proceeds fully. For gaseous carbonaceous feedstocks, such as natural gas and alkanes, the feed is uniformly introduced into the high-temperature carbonization section via a high-temperature resistant ceramic gas distributor at the furnace feed end. Under high temperature and air-isolated conditions, it directly undergoes cracking or reforming reactions, efficiently converting into a hydrogen-containing mixed gas. The hydrogen-containing mixed gas produced by the reaction is discharged from the gas outlet at the top of the high-temperature carbonization section. After dust and tar impurities are removed through dust removal and purification treatment, it enters the pressure swing adsorption purification process to finally obtain finished hydrogen with a purity of ≥99.2%. The solid carbonized material is transported to the cooling section by a ceramic screw propeller, cooled to ≤150℃, and then discharged from the solid outlet, achieving effective separation and collection of gaseous and solid products. The entire process is compact, and through precise temperature control, atmosphere regulation, and material conveying, it significantly improves hydrogen yield and raw material utilization, while achieving clean and continuous production.

[0025] In this embodiment, in step S1, the carbon-containing raw material is one or more of bituminous coal, anthracite, and coke, which are substances of various plant-based materials that are carbonized at high temperatures under air-isolated conditions to produce hydrogen. The carbon-containing raw material can also be a gaseous carbon-containing raw material, such as natural gas or methane, which is carbonized at 1100 degrees Celsius in an air-isolated environment to produce hydrogen and carbon black.

[0026] Coal is fed into the preheating section of the carbonization furnace through the inlet, maintaining a slight positive pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa inside the furnace to prevent outside air from seeping in. Gaseous carbonaceous feedstock is introduced into the high-temperature carbonization section through a gas distributor located at the feed end of the furnace body, where it undergoes cracking or reforming reactions under air-isolated conditions at 850-1200°C to produce hydrogen. The gaseous carbonaceous feedstock is selected from at least one of natural gas, alkanes, hydrocarbon industrial by-product gases, and alcohol-ether gasification gases.

[0027] In this embodiment, in step S2, the temperature of the preheating section is 300-500℃, the temperature of the medium-temperature dry distillation section is 500-850℃, and the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization section is 850-1200℃; the total residence time of the raw material in the furnace is 40-90 minutes; in step S3, the temperature of the cooling section is ≤150℃.

[0028] By setting the preheating section temperature range of 300-500℃, free water and some bound water in solid carbonaceous raw materials can be effectively removed, preventing the raw materials from bursting due to violent evaporation of moisture in the subsequent high-temperature section, which would affect material transport and reaction stability. Simultaneously, this temperature also allows some low-boiling-point volatile organic compounds in the raw materials to initially escape, reducing the gas handling load in the subsequent medium- and high-temperature sections. When the medium-temperature dry distillation section temperature is set at 500-850℃, the macromolecular organic structures in the raw materials begin to undergo significant pyrolytic breakage, with lignin, cellulose, and other components gradually decomposing to generate a large number of volatile products, including methane, ethylene, tar, and some hydrogen. These products constitute the main initial source of the hydrogen-containing mixed gas and simultaneously form semi-coke with a certain degree of reactivity. The high-temperature carbonization section, with its 850-1200℃ environment, provides conditions for the deep conversion of the semi-coke. The carbon-hydrogen bonds in the semi-coke further break, undergoing aromatization and condensation reactions. This not only generates more hydrogen but also promotes secondary cracking and reforming of gaseous components such as carbon monoxide and methane, thereby increasing the proportion of hydrogen in the mixed gas. The cooling section cools the solid carbonized material to ≤150℃ before discharge. This reduces the heat resistance requirements of subsequent conveying equipment, preventing damage due to prolonged high temperatures. Furthermore, it avoids spontaneous combustion of the high-temperature carbonized material upon contact with outside air, ensuring production safety and facilitating subsequent storage and further processing.

[0029] In this embodiment, in step S2, the propulsion rate of the ceramic screw propeller is 0.3-1.2 m / min; the total power of the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system is 80-200 kW, with independent temperature control for each segment and a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃. The ceramic screw propeller operates at a propulsion rate of 0.3-1.2 m / min. This rate setting is based on precise calculations of the reaction time required for the raw materials in each reaction section, ensuring that the raw materials receive sufficient processing time in the preheating section, the medium-temperature dry distillation section, and the high-temperature carbonization section. This avoids incomplete reactions due to excessively short residence time, as well as energy waste and reduced production efficiency due to excessively long residence time. This propulsion rate, in conjunction with the furnace length and the temperature parameters of each section, ensures the continuous and stable operation of the entire pyrolysis and carbonization process. Simultaneously, the total power of the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system is set to 80-200 kW, allowing for flexible adjustment based on the characteristics of different raw materials and the required heating rate. More importantly, each heating coil is independently temperature-controlled, with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃. This high-precision temperature control capability is the core guarantee for achieving segmented precise pyrolysis. It ensures that the preheating section is strictly maintained at 300-500℃ to effectively remove moisture and light volatiles, the medium-temperature dry distillation section is stabilized at 500-850℃ to promote the breakdown of macromolecular organic matter and the generation of volatile products, and the high-temperature carbonization section is precisely controlled at 850-1200℃ to achieve deep cracking of semi-coke and efficient hydrogen production. This ensures the directionality and selectivity of the reaction at each stage, improving the overall process efficiency and product quality.

[0030] In step S2, inert gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace to maintain a slightly positive pressure atmosphere, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 MPa. Nitrogen or argon, or other inert gases, are continuously introduced through the inert gas injection pipeline in the atmosphere control system to stabilize the furnace pressure at this slightly positive pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa. This effectively prevents oxygen from the outside air from seeping into the furnace and reacting with the raw materials or products, avoiding a decrease in hydrogen purity and loss due to carbonization combustion. It also ensures that the hydrogen-containing mixed gas generated in the reaction can be smoothly discharged from the gas outlet, preventing excessive pressure from increasing system load or excessive pressure from causing air backflow. The slightly positive pressure environment also promotes gas flow and mass transfer within the furnace, helping volatile products to leave the reaction zone in a timely manner, reducing secondary reactions, and thus improving hydrogen yield and purity. Simultaneously, pressure sensors monitor furnace pressure changes in real time and feed them back to the control system. By adjusting the amount of inert gas injected, dynamic pressure balance is achieved, ensuring that the entire carbonization process takes place under stable atmospheric conditions.

[0031] The solid carbonaceous raw material is selected from at least one of coal, biomass solids, and organic solid waste.

[0032] In step S5, the purification process is pressure swing adsorption, and the finished hydrogen is sent to a hydrogen storage tank. The purity of the finished hydrogen is ≥99.2%.

[0033] This method of producing hydrogen by heating and carbonizing isolated air in an electromagnetic spiral propulsion furnace can also be applied to other different types of electromagnetic heating induction furnaces for high-temperature isolated air carbonization hydrogen production.

[0034] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device, the device comprising: The furnace body comprises three independent sections: a preheating section 1, a medium-temperature carbonization section 2, and a high-temperature carbonization section 3. A ceramic spiral propulsion assembly is arranged axially along the inner cavity of the furnace, including a spiral shaft 13 made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material and spiral blades 14 fixed thereon, for conveying materials; The segmented electromagnetic induction heating assembly includes at least three independently controlled electromagnetic induction coils 15 wound around the outer wall of the furnace body, respectively corresponding to the preheating section 1, the medium-temperature dry distillation section 2 and the high-temperature carbonization section 3. The furnace lining structure, from the inside out, includes a thermally conductive ceramic lining and a composite conductive ceramic layer, wherein the composite conductive ceramic layer generates heat under the alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil 15. An atmosphere control system, including an inert gas injection line and a pressure sensor connected to the furnace cavity, is used to establish and maintain a slightly positive pressure isolation atmosphere inside the furnace. The drive unit 16 is connected to the helical shaft 13 of the ceramic helical propulsion assembly and is used to drive its rotation; The gas outlet, the exhaust port 17 located at the top of the furnace body of the high-temperature carbonization section 3, is used to discharge hydrogen-containing mixed gas; Solid discharge port 18 is located at the end of the cooling section 4 and is used to discharge solid carbonized material.

[0035] See Figure 1The carbonization furnace device, through the organic integration of the furnace body, ceramic spiral propulsion assembly, segmented electromagnetic induction heating assembly, furnace lining structure, atmosphere control system, drive unit 16, gas outlet and solid discharge port 18, constructs a high-efficiency, continuous, and environmentally friendly high-temperature carbonization hydrogen production reaction platform. The inlet / outlet ports of each furnace section are rigidly connected to the sealing and insulation assembly 26 via flanges, facilitating the addition or reduction of the number of furnace sections or the replacement and maintenance of individual furnace sections according to the processing volume of different oxide metals and process requirements. The furnace body serves as the core reaction vessel, comprising an independent preheating section 1, a medium-temperature carbonization section 2, a high-temperature carbonization section 3, and a cooling section 4. Material enters the furnace body through the first feed inlet 6 of the preheating section 1, where the first discharge outlet 5 connects to the second feed inlet 7 of the medium-temperature carbonization section 2. A ceramic screw propulsion assembly guides the material from the second discharge outlet 8 of the medium-temperature carbonization section 2 into the third feed inlet 9 of the high-temperature carbonization section 3. The solid product then enters the fourth feed inlet 11 of the cooling section 4 from the third discharge outlet 10 of the high-temperature carbonization section 3, and is discharged from the solid discharge outlet 18 after cooling. This ensures that the raw materials undergo corresponding physicochemical changes at different temperature zones. Hydrogen-containing gas is discharged from the exhaust port 17 at the top of the furnace body in the high-temperature carbonization section 3 and then enters the gaseous product recovery system. Furthermore, temperature-controlled exhaust ports 12 are provided at the ends of the preheating section 1, the medium-temperature carbonization section 2, the high-temperature carbonization section 3, and the cooling section 4, and these ports can be opened or closed as needed. The ceramic screw propulsion assembly, with its high temperature resistance and wear resistance, enables stable material transport and continuous reaction in high-temperature environments. The segmented electromagnetic induction heating assembly, through independently controlled electromagnetic induction coils 15, precisely regulates the temperature of each reaction section, providing a reliable heat source for the segmented pyrolysis of raw materials. The composite conductive ceramic layer in the furnace lining structure efficiently generates heat through induction under an alternating magnetic field, and uniformly transfers the heat to the material through the thermally conductive ceramic lining, improving thermal efficiency. The atmosphere control system creates a slightly positive pressure environment that isolates the air for the reaction by introducing inert gas and precisely controlling the pressure, ensuring product purity and reaction safety. The drive unit 16 provides stable power to the screw propulsion assembly, ensuring a constant material propulsion rate. The exhaust port 17 and the solid discharge port 18 effectively separate and discharge hydrogen-containing mixed gas and solid carbon deposits, respectively. This device not only overcomes the shortcomings of traditional carbonization equipment in terms of continuous production, high temperature resistance, and raw material adaptability, but also significantly improves the environmental friendliness and product value of the entire hydrogen production process through flameless heating and efficient purification technology, providing practical and feasible technical equipment support for large-scale and clean hydrogen production.

[0036] The outermost layer of the furnace body is a ceramic heat insulation layer, inside which is a composite conductive ceramic layer, and inside that is a thermally conductive ceramic lining. The innermost layer of the thermally conductive ceramic lining contains a ceramic screw rod and blades. The ceramic screw rod and blades are resistant to high temperatures up to 1200℃, wear-resistant, and corrosion-resistant, solving the problems of easy corrosion and short lifespan of traditional metal equipment, extending the equipment's service life to 1-2 years.

[0037] In this embodiment, the material of the composite conductive ceramic layer is a ceramic-based composite conductive material, the matrix of which is selected from silicon nitride or silicon carbide, and the conductive phase is selected from silicon carbide, graphite or carbon fiber.

[0038] In this embodiment, the feed end of the furnace body may also be optionally equipped with a high-temperature resistant ceramic gas distributor for uniformly distributing the gas intake when producing hydrogen from gaseous raw materials.

[0039] The hydrogen-containing mixed gas is discharged from the exhaust port 17 at the top of the furnace body in the high-temperature carbonization section 3 and then enters the gaseous product recovery system. The gaseous product recovery system includes a gaseous product recovery hood 19, a condensation recovery device 20, and a tail gas treatment device 21. The gaseous product recovery hood 19 is connected to the exhaust port 17 through a guide pipe 22. A corrosion-resistant induced draft fan 23 is installed below the gaseous product recovery hood 19. The induced draft fan 23 is used to draw the hydrogen-containing mixed gas into the condensation recovery device 20, thereby condensing the hydrogen-containing mixed gas produced by the reaction. The condensed gas enters the tail gas treatment device 21, and the condensed impurities are discharged from the impurity outlet 24 at the bottom. The condensation recovery device 20 is connected to the tail gas treatment device 21 through a pipe and is used to treat the tail gas. The bottom of the tail gas treatment device 21 is provided with a gas discharge port 25. The condensation recovery device 20 and the tail gas treatment device 21 can be implemented using existing equipment. Example

[0040] The following examples describe the disclosure of this invention in more detail. These examples are merely illustrative, as various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of this disclosure. Unless otherwise stated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the following examples are based on weight. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents used in the examples are available commercially or synthesized using conventional methods and are ready for use without further processing. Unless otherwise stated, all instruments used in the examples are available commercially. Example 1

[0041] Hydrogen production from anthracite coal: Raw material pretreatment: The anthracite is crushed to 40 mesh and fed into the preheating and drying section through the material inlet; the entire heating process is sealed and airtight.

[0042] Electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization: Start the electromagnetic induction heating system, set the preheating section to 400℃, the dry distillation section to 700℃, the carbonization section to 1000℃, and the cooling section to 120℃, with an electromagnetic heating power of 150kW; start the ceramic screw propeller, with a propulsion speed of 0.8m / min, and the total residence time of the anthracite in the furnace to 60min, to complete the high-temperature carbonization and produce solid coke and hydrogen-containing mixed gas.

[0043] Continuous gas-solid separation: Solid coke is cooled to 120°C in the cooling section and continuously discharged from the outlet; hydrogen-containing mixed gas is discharged from the top outlet of the furnace and enters the gas-solid separator to remove dust, thus obtaining crude hydrogen-containing gas.

[0044] Hydrogen purification and storage: After desulfurization, decarbonization, and dehydration, the crude coal gas is sent to a pressure swing adsorption unit for purification to obtain 99.5% pure finished hydrogen, which is then sent to a hydrogen storage tank. Byproduct coal gas is sent to a gas storage tank to supplement the furnace heating energy consumption, achieving a hydrogen yield of 180m³. 3 / t anthracite. Example 2

[0045] Hydrogen production from bituminous coal: Raw material pretreatment: Bituminous coal is crushed to 30 mesh, dried to a moisture content of 7%, and conveyed to the feed hopper in a closed system.

[0046] Establishing an oxygen-free atmosphere: Nitrogen gas is introduced through the air inlet to replace the oxygen in the furnace, thus maintaining an oxygen-free atmosphere inside the furnace.

[0047] Electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization: electromagnetic heating power 120kW, preheating section 350℃, dry distillation section 650℃, carbonization section 120℃, ceramic screw propulsion speed 0.6m / min, material residence time 75min.

[0048] Gas-solid separation and purification: Coke is cooled to 120℃ and discharged. After purification, the crude coal gas has a hydrogen purity of 99.2% and a hydrogen yield of 210m³. 3 / t bituminous coal, with by-product coal gas recovered and utilized. Example 3

[0049] High-temperature carbonization of methane (natural gas) to produce hydrogen: Close the feed inlet of the carbonization furnace, install a ceramic gas distributor, introduce nitrogen to replace the air until the oxygen content is ≤0.2%, and maintain the furnace pressure at 0.5MPa; Start the segmented induction coils to heat each section of the carbonization furnace to 1100℃, with an electromagnetic power of 200kW. Natural gas (methane content ≥95%) is continuously fed into the furnace through a gas distributor, where it is cracked and reformed at high temperature to produce hydrogen. Carbon black is then expelled through a ceramic spiral (hydrogen gas flows out by itself). Hydrogen-containing gas is purified to 99.8% purity after gas-solid separation (dust-free, simplified process), desulfurization and dehydration, and pressure swing adsorption.

[0050] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for producing hydrogen through electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The solid carbon-containing raw material is crushed to the set particle size and sent into the electromagnetic induction ceramic carbonization furnace for drying and preheating, with air isolated throughout the process. S2. Start the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system of the carbonization furnace to create a temperature gradient from the feed end to the discharge end in the furnace; at the same time, start the ceramic screw propeller in the carbonization furnace to continuously push the raw material through the preheating section, the medium-temperature dry distillation section and the high-temperature carbonization section at a constant speed, and carry out the pyrolysis carbonization reaction under the condition of air isolation, and simultaneously produce solid carbonized materials and hydrogen-containing mixed gas. S3. The solid carbonized material produced by the reaction is transported to the cooling section by the ceramic screw propeller and then discharged after cooling; the hydrogen-containing mixed gas produced by the reaction is discharged from the gas outlet and undergoes dust removal and purification treatment. S4. The purified hydrogen-containing mixed gas is further purified to obtain high-purity hydrogen.

2. The method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the temperature of the preheating section is 300-500℃, the temperature of the medium-temperature carbonization section is 500-850℃, and the temperature of the high-temperature carbonization section is 850-1200℃; the total residence time of the raw material in the furnace is 40-90 minutes. And / or, in step S3, the temperature of the cooling section is ≤150℃.

3. The method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the propulsion speed of the ceramic screw propeller is 0.3-1.2 m / min; And / or, the total power of the segmented electromagnetic induction heating system is 80-200 kW, with each segment having independent temperature control and a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃.

4. The method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, inert gas is introduced into the carbonization furnace to maintain a slightly positive pressure atmosphere inside the furnace, with a pressure range of 0.1-0.5 MPa.

5. The method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid carbonaceous raw material is selected from at least one of coal, biomass solids, and organic solid waste.

6. The method for producing hydrogen by electromagnetic induction high-temperature carbonization according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the purification process is pressure swing adsorption, and the purity of the resulting hydrogen product is ≥99.2%.

7. An electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device, characterized in that, The apparatus for performing the high-temperature carbonization hydrogen production method according to any one of claims 1-6 comprises: The furnace body includes a preheating section (1), a medium-temperature dry distillation section (2), and a high-temperature carbonization section (3) that are independent of each other. The first discharge port (5) of the preheating section (1) is connected to the second feed port (7) of the medium-temperature dry distillation section (2), and the second discharge port (8) of the medium-temperature dry distillation section (2) is connected to the third feed port (9) of the high-temperature carbonization section (3). A ceramic spiral propulsion assembly is arranged axially along the inner cavity of the furnace, including a spiral shaft (13) made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material and spiral blades (14) fixed thereon, for conveying materials; The segmented electromagnetic induction heating assembly includes at least three independently controlled electromagnetic induction coils (15) wound around the outer wall of the furnace body, respectively corresponding to the preheating section (1), the medium-temperature dry distillation section (2) and the high-temperature carbonization section (3); The furnace lining structure, from the inside out, includes a thermally conductive ceramic lining and a composite conductive ceramic layer, wherein the composite conductive ceramic layer generates heat under the alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic induction coil (15); An atmosphere control system, including an inert gas injection line and a pressure sensor connected to the furnace cavity, is used to establish and maintain a slightly positive pressure isolation atmosphere inside the furnace. The drive unit (16) is connected to the helical shaft (13) of the ceramic helical propulsion assembly and is used to drive its rotation; The gas outlet is located at the top of the furnace body of the high-temperature carbonization section (3) and is used to discharge hydrogen-containing mixed gas. The solid discharge port (18) is located at the end of the cooling section (4) and is used to discharge solid carbonized material.

8. The electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The composite conductive ceramic layer is made of ceramic-based composite conductive material, with the matrix selected from silicon nitride or silicon carbide, and the conductive phase selected from silicon carbide, graphite, or carbon fiber.

9. The electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the furnace body is also provided with a heat insulation layer; the ceramic material of the ceramic spiral propulsion assembly can withstand a temperature of not less than 1200℃.

10. The electromagnetic induction ceramic spiral propulsion carbonization furnace device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The furnace body may also be optionally equipped with a high-temperature resistant ceramic gas distributor to uniformly distribute the gas intake when producing hydrogen from gaseous raw materials.

Images