High-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant
By combining a hard alloy sealing ring, a self-compensating sealing bushing, a magnetic drain valve core, and a swirl guide plate, the problem of easy aging and wear of the sealing structure in fire protection facilities is solved. This enables the efficient application of the sealing structure of fire hydrants in the environment and solves problems such as leakage caused by easy aging and wear of the sealing structure, easy water accumulation and freezing in the drainage design, and easy blockage of the water inlet in the existing technology. This achieves high reliability and stability of fire hydrants.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FUJIAN NANAN TIANHANG FIRE-FIHGTING EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing fire hydrants have problems such as easy aging and wear of the sealing structure leading to leakage, easy water accumulation and freezing in the drainage design, and easy blockage of the water inlet. They are also difficult to adapt to complex and ever-changing working environments.
It adopts a stepped sealing structure with hard alloy sealing ring and self-compensating sealing bushing, combined with the automatic compensation function of magnetic drain valve core and memory alloy spring, and is equipped with anti-sludge filter cover and swirl guide plate for impurity separation and self-cleaning, so as to achieve dynamic sealing and automatic drainage.
It significantly improves the sealing performance and service life of fire hydrants, ensures no leakage under high pressure conditions, automatically adapts to environmental changes, prevents water accumulation and freezing, and ensures long-term stable and efficient filtration system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224495280U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire protection engineering equipment technology, and in particular to a highly reliable leak-proof fire hydrant. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of fire protection facilities, fire hydrants, as key fire-fighting water supply equipment, directly affect the efficiency of fire suppression due to their reliability. Traditional fire hydrants have many problems that urgently need to be solved: In terms of sealing structure, conventional rubber sealing rings are easily aged and worn due to water flow impact and temperature changes, leading to media leakage. This not only wastes water resources but may also delay fire-fighting operations due to seal failure; in terms of drainage design, vertical drainage channels are prone to water accumulation, which can freeze and expand in low-temperature environments, causing valve body rupture and shortening equipment lifespan; at the water inlet, there is a lack of effective filtration methods, making it easy for the fire hydrant to be blocked by silt and debris, preventing normal water supply and making cleaning and maintenance difficult. In addition, most existing fire hydrants are passive structures, which are difficult to adapt to complex and changing working environments.
[0003] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors have discovered the following drawbacks: Existing devices use O-rings or single-metal seals, which, after long-term use, lead to rubber aging and metal wear, resulting in increased leakage rates, especially under high-pressure conditions where the risk of seal failure is high. There is a lack of automatic wear compensation mechanisms, requiring periodic replacement of seals, resulting in high maintenance costs; some devices rely on manual adjustment of the sealing pressure, making operation cumbersome. Utility Model Content
[0004] To overcome the technical defects of the existing technology, this utility model provides a highly reliable leak-proof fire hydrant.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant, including a main valve body, a valve stem assembly, and a drainage channel. The valve stem assembly is provided with a coaxial hard alloy sealing ring and a self-compensating sealing bushing, which together form a stepped sealing interface.
[0006] Through the above scheme, the hard alloy sealing ring provides basic sealing due to its high hardness and wear resistance, while the self-compensating sealing bushing dynamically fills the gap by absorbing water and expanding the material, achieving dual anti-leakage function and significantly improving sealing performance and service life.
[0007] The drainage channel runs through the bottom of the valve body at an angle of 30°±2°, and a magnetic drainage valve core is installed inside it.
[0008] The above solutions optimize the drainage path through an inclined design, reducing water accumulation; the magnetic drain valve core uses the closing force generated by the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet to automatically seal, preventing accidental opening and the intrusion of external impurities, while also ensuring rapid drainage efficiency.
[0009] Furthermore, an anti-sludge filter cover is installed on the outside of the water inlet, and this filter cover has an external swirl guide plate. Through the above scheme, the swirl guide plate guides the water flow to form a spiral motion, using centrifugal force to separate impurities, and together with the filter cover to intercept larger particles, effectively preventing sludge buildup and blockage at the water inlet, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the fire hydrant.
[0010] Preferably, the sealing surface of the hard alloy sealing ring is a parabolic surface with a radius of curvature R satisfying: R = 1.5D ~ 2D (D is the valve stem diameter).
[0011] The above scheme increases the sealing contact area through parabolic surface design, and optimizes the stress distribution by matching the radius of curvature with the valve stem diameter. It can maintain uniform sealing pressure under high pressure conditions and avoid local wear and leakage.
[0012] Preferably, the self-compensating sealing bushing is made of a hydrolytically expanding composite material, which has a volume expansion rate of 15% to 18% under saturated water absorption.
[0013] The above solution allows the composite material to automatically compensate for the sealing gap by expanding in volume after absorbing water, adapting to deformation under different pressure and temperature environments, ensuring long-term reliable sealing, and eliminating the need for manual maintenance.
[0014] Preferably, the magnetic drain valve core includes an embedded neodymium iron boron permanent magnet that generates a closing force of 8 to 10 N.
[0015] Through the above solution, the permanent magnet provides a stable closing force, ensuring that the valve core closes tightly when there is no water flow, preventing reverse leakage; at the same time, the magnetically driven non-contact seal reduces mechanical wear and extends service life.
[0016] Preferably, the magnetic drain valve core is connected to a shape memory alloy spring at its tail end, and the spring has a length change rate of ≥12% in the temperature range of -5℃ to 0℃.
[0017] Through the above solution, the shape memory alloy spring automatically extends and opens the valve core in low-temperature environments, draining the water accumulated in the pipeline, preventing freezing and expansion from damaging the valve body, and realizing the intelligent anti-freeze function.
[0018] Preferably, the swirl guide plate is an equiangular spiral stainless steel plate, and the ratio of its pitch to the inlet diameter is 1:1.2 to 1.5.
[0019] The above scheme uses an equiangular spiral design to create a stable vortex flow, optimizes the centrifugal separation effect by adjusting the pitch to pipe diameter ratio, efficiently removes suspended impurities from the water, reduces the load on the filter cover, and improves the overall anti-fouling ability.
[0020] Preferably, the inner wall of the anti-fouling filter cover is provided with a self-cleaning scraper, which rotates in conjunction with the valve stem assembly through a ratchet structure.
[0021] With the above solution, the valve stem assembly drives the scraper to rotate when it opens and closes, and the ratchet structure periodically scrapes away the impurities attached to the inner wall of the filter cover, preventing the filter screen from clogging, ensuring long-term stable filtration performance, and reducing maintenance frequency.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting components such as a hard alloy sealing ring, a self-compensating sealing bushing, a magnetic drain valve core, and a shape memory alloy spring, and through the stepped cooperation between the hard alloy sealing ring and the self-compensating sealing bushing, the sealing bushing can automatically compensate for the sealing gap through water absorption and expansion. Combined with the permanent magnet closing force of the magnetic drain valve core and the low-temperature response characteristics of the shape memory alloy spring, the magnetic drain valve core can open and drain water under the action of the spring at -5℃ to 0℃. Thus, this device can achieve the effect of providing dual protection for high-pressure water flow sealing and valve body antifreeze through dynamic sealing compensation and low-temperature automatic drainage. By setting components such as an anti-sludge filter cover, a vortex guide plate, and a self-cleaning scraper, and through the coaxial arrangement of the vortex guide plate and the anti-sludge filter cover, the vortex guide plate can guide the water flow to form a vortex through an equiangular spiral structure. Combined with the ratchet linkage between the self-cleaning scraper and the valve stem, the scraper can rotate with the valve stem to scrape away impurities on the inner wall of the filter cover. This allows the device to efficiently filter and automatically remove silt and debris sucked into the inlet through cyclone separation and mechanical self-cleaning. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the valve stem assembly of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the anti-siltation component of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 This is a partial structural installation diagram of the valve stem assembly of this utility model;
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100, main valve body; 101, water inlet; 200, valve stem assembly; 210, hard alloy sealing ring; 220, self-compensating sealing bushing; 300, drainage channel; 310, magnetic drain valve core; 311, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet; 320, shape memory alloy spring; 400, anti-sludge filter cover; 410, swirl guide plate; 420, self-cleaning scraper. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a highly reliable leak-proof fire hydrant, including a main valve body 100, a valve stem assembly 200, and a drainage channel 300. An anti-sludge filter cover 400 is configured on the outside of the inlet 101, and this filter cover has an external swirl guide plate 410. The anti-sludge filter cover 400 can intercept impurities in the water, and the external swirl guide plate 410 can guide the water flow to form a swirling flow, accelerating the settling of impurities and preventing the inlet 101 from being affected by debris accumulation, thus improving water flow efficiency.
[0031] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the valve stem assembly 200 is provided with a coaxial hard alloy sealing ring 210 and a self-compensating sealing bushing 220, which together form a stepped sealing interface. The sealing surface of the hard alloy sealing ring 210 is a parabolic surface with a radius of curvature R satisfying: R = 1.5D~2D (D is the valve stem diameter). The self-compensating sealing bushing 220 is made of hydrolytically expanding composite material, and its volume expansion rate under saturated water absorption state is 15%~18%. The parabolic surface of the hard alloy sealing ring 210 and the self-compensating sealing bushing 220 constitute a stepped sealing structure. The former maintains sealing accuracy with high wear resistance, while the latter automatically fills the wear gap through water absorption and expansion, improving sealing reliability.
[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drainage channel 300 extends through the bottom of the valve body at an inclination angle of 30°±2°. A magnetic drainage valve core 310 is installed inside, containing an embedded neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 311. This permanent magnet generates a closing force of 8–10 N. A shape memory alloy spring 320 is connected to the tail of the magnetic drainage valve core 310. This spring has a length change rate ≥12% within the temperature range of -5℃ to 0℃. The inclination angle design of the drainage channel 300 facilitates rapid drainage of accumulated water. The magnetic drainage valve core 310 remains sealed under the action of the permanent magnet. The shape memory alloy spring 320 deforms at low temperatures, driving the valve core to open and promptly drain water from the valve to prevent freezing.
[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the swirl guide plate 410 is an equiangular spiral stainless steel plate with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1:1.2 to 1.5. The inner wall of the anti-sludge filter cover 400 is equipped with a self-cleaning scraper 420, which rotates in conjunction with the valve stem assembly 200 via a ratchet structure. The equiangular spiral swirl guide plate 410 optimizes the water flow pattern and reduces impurity adhesion. The self-cleaning scraper 420, linked to the valve stem assembly 200 via ratchet, rotates synchronously when the valve is opened and closed, scraping away impurities deposited on the inner wall of the anti-sludge filter cover 400, thus achieving a self-cleaning function.
[0034] In a winter street firefighting scenario in a northern city, after receiving a fire alarm, firefighters quickly arrive at a highly reliable, leak-proof fire hydrant near the fire. First, firefighters use specialized tools to rotate the valve stem assembly 200 at the top of the main valve body 100. As the valve stem assembly 200 moves downwards, the parabolic sealing surface of the hard alloy sealing ring 210 separates from the internal sealing surface of the valve body. At this point, tap water enters the fire hydrant through the inlet 101. The anti-sludge filter cover 400 outside the inlet 101 then activates. Its external equiangular spiral stainless steel vortex guide plate 410 creates a vortex in the water flow. Larger impurities are thrown towards the inner wall of the filter cover under centrifugal force, while clean water flows through the filter cover into the main valve body 100.
[0035] When the firefighting operation is completed, the firefighter rotates the valve stem assembly 200 counterclockwise, and the valve stem assembly 200 returns to its original position. The stepped sealing interface formed by the hard alloy sealing ring 210 and the self-compensating sealing bushing 220 fits tightly. The self-compensating sealing bushing 220 is made of hydrolytically expanding composite material. Even if the sealing surface is slightly worn during long-term use, its volume expansion rate of 15% to 18% under saturated water absorption can automatically compensate for the sealing gap, ensuring no leakage after the valve is closed. At the same time, the drainage channel 300 at the bottom of the main valve body 100 with an inclination angle of 30°±2° begins to function. The residual water flows to the outlet along the inclination channel. The neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 311 inside the magnetic drainage valve core 310 generates a closing force of 8 to 10 N. Under the action of gravity and magnetic force, the magnetic drainage valve core 310 automatically opens and discharges the residual water. When the ambient temperature drops to -5℃ to 0℃, the shape memory alloy spring 320 connected to the tail of the magnetic drain valve core 310 contracts due to temperature changes, with a length change rate of ≥12%, further increasing the opening range of the magnetic drain valve core 310, ensuring that residual water is completely discharged at low temperatures, and preventing ice formation inside the valve body from damaging components.
[0036] The implementation principle of a high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant in this application embodiment is as follows:
[0037] First, when the fire hydrant is closed, the hard alloy sealing ring 210 of the valve stem assembly 200 and the self-compensating sealing bushing 220 form a double sealing barrier. The parabolic hard alloy sealing ring 210 fits against the valve body sealing surface, using fluid pressure to generate a self-tightening effect, forming a rigid mechanical seal to resist the direct scouring of high-pressure water flow. At the same time, the self-compensating sealing bushing 220 is made of hydrolytically expanding composite material. When a small amount of water seeps into the bushing, the material absorbs water and expands in volume by 15% to 18%, automatically filling the sealing gap and forming a dynamic elastic seal. The two work together through a stepped structure to achieve a composite seal of "rigid support + flexible compensation", ensuring zero leakage of internal media.
[0038] Secondly, under normal temperature conditions, the magnetic drain valve core 310 inside the drain channel 300 relies on the 8-10N closing force generated by the built-in neodymium iron boron permanent magnet 311 to tightly fit the outlet of the drain channel 300. Since the drain channel 300 passes through the bottom of the valve body at an inclination angle of 30°±2°, the valve core remains tightly closed under the dual action of magnetic force and gravity, preventing pressurized water in the pipe from leaking through the drain port. At this time, the drainage system is in a dormant state and only exists as a flow guiding structure at the bottom of the valve body, ensuring the pressure stability of the fire hydrant during normal water supply.
[0039] Next, when the ambient temperature drops to the range of -5℃ to 0℃, the shape memory alloy spring 320 at the tail of the drain valve core 310 undergoes a phase change due to temperature change, with a length change rate ≥12%. The mechanical thrust generated by the spring extension overcomes the closing force of the permanent magnet and opens the drain valve core. At this time, the inclined drain channel 300 utilizes the advantage of gravity to quickly drain the water remaining at the bottom of the valve body, avoiding the expansion of water freezing in low-temperature environments that could cause the valve body to crack. After the temperature rises, the shape memory alloy spring 320 returns to its original length, the permanent magnet re-attracts the valve core, and the sealing state is restored, realizing a fully automatic antifreeze cycle of "temperature sensing-drainage-reset".
[0040] Next, as the water flows in through the inlet 101, the outer equiangular spiral vortex guide plate 410 forces the water to generate a spiral motion. Using centrifugal force, denser particles such as silt and debris are thrown towards the inner wall of the anti-sludge filter cover 400, achieving preliminary solid-liquid separation. The impurities intercepted by the filter cover rotate and settle with the water flow, while the clean water flows through the filter holes into the valve body. During this process, the spiral design of the vortex guide plate 410 provides impurities with continuous centrifugal force, preventing clogging of the filter holes and improving the filtration efficiency to over 90%.
[0041] Finally, when the valve stem is operated to open or close the fire hydrant, the valve stem assembly 200 drives the self-cleaning scraper 420 on the inner wall of the anti-siltation filter cover 400 to rotate synchronously through the ratchet structure. The edge of the scraper is in close contact with the inner wall of the filter cover, and as the valve stem rotates, it scrapes off the attached mud, algae and other stubborn impurities, peels them off and discharges them through the drainage channel 300. This mechanical linkage design does not require additional power and can achieve self-cleaning of the filtration system through daily operation, avoiding frequent manual disassembly and maintenance, and extending the effective service life of the filter cover.
[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications may be made to this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant, comprising a main valve body (100), a valve stem assembly (200), and a drainage channel (300), characterized in that: The valve stem assembly (200) is provided with a coaxial hard alloy sealing ring (210) and a self-compensating sealing bushing (220), which together form a stepped sealing interface; The drainage channel (300) runs through the bottom of the valve body at an inclination angle of 30°±2°, and a magnetic drainage valve core (310) is installed inside it. Furthermore, an anti-sludge filter cover (400) is provided on the outside of the water inlet (101), and an external swirl guide plate (410) is provided on the anti-sludge filter cover (400).
2. The high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing surface of the hard alloy sealing ring (210) is a parabolic surface.
3. The high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-compensating sealing bushing (220) is made of hydrolytically expanding composite material.
4. A high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic drain valve core (310) includes a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (311) embedded inside.
5. A high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic drain valve core (310) is connected to a memory alloy spring (320) at its tail.
6. A high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swirl guide plate (410) is an equiangular spiral stainless steel plate, and the ratio of its pitch to the diameter of the inlet (101) is 1:1.2 to 1.
5.
7. A high-reliability leak-proof fire hydrant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the anti-sludge filter cover (400) is provided with a self-cleaning scraper (420), which rotates in conjunction with the valve stem assembly (200) through a ratchet structure.