Laser welding machine and optical device

Abstract

The utility model relates to optical design technical field especially relates to a kind of laser fusion welding machine and optical equipment.Laser fusion welding machine includes: laser heat source module, five-dimensional clamping module, imaging module and control module.Control module is connected with laser heat source module, five-dimensional clamping module and imaging module simultaneously;Five-dimensional clamping module is based on the five-dimensional position information of control module and clamps the end cap to be fused and moves to fusion center;Laser heat source module is set in the first XY plane, and four-way P polarization laser converges in fusion center;Imaging module is set in the periphery of fusion center in the second XY plane, and the image information of the end cap to be fused and optical fiber of fusion center is collected;Control module is based on the image information adjustment five-dimensional position information and fusion laser information.Further improve the precision of fusion control, realize the fusion of different diameter end cap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical design technology, and in particular to a laser welding machine and optical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the optical path design of laser fusion splicers, to ensure the focusing accuracy and efficiency of each laser beam, the transmission optical paths for each laser beam are typically placed on the same plane, with the confocal point of each laser beam located in the central region of the optical system. From a structural design perspective, the laser optical path needs to house core components such as a high-power laser emitter, a mirror assembly, and a focusing lens, while the imaging optical path requires monitoring components such as filters and imaging lenses. When arranged on the same plane, the mounting positions of these components inevitably overlap; for example, the mounting base of the focusing lens may physically interfere with the adjustment bracket of the imaging lens. This design makes it difficult to set up an imaging optical path that can effectively observe the confocal point of each laser beam, thus negatively impacting the fusion splicing control effect.

[0003] Laser welding machines primarily act vertically on the welding area, heating only the sides of the end cap. The heat is then conducted from the sides to the center of the end cap's front face. For some larger diameter end caps, the sides cannot conduct enough heat, resulting in insufficient temperature at the center of the end cap's front face, thus degrading the weld quality.

[0004] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of this utility model and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a laser welding machine and optical equipment, which aims to solve the technical problem that the poor heat conduction performance of large-diameter end caps leads to a decrease in welding quality in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a laser welding machine, which includes: a laser heat source module, a five-dimensional clamping module, an imaging module, and a control module;

[0007] The control module is connected to the laser heat source module, the five-dimensional clamping module, and the imaging module.

[0008] The five-dimensional clamping module clamps the end cap to be spliced ​​and the optical fiber to the splicing center based on the five-dimensional position information of the control module.

[0009] The laser heat source module is disposed in the first XY plane and is used to output four P-polarized lasers based on the fusion laser information of the control module and converge them to the fusion center. The fusion center is located in the second XY plane outside the first XY plane.

[0010] The imaging module is disposed around the fusion splicing center in the second XY plane, and is used to acquire image information of the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber, and to feed the image information back to the control module;

[0011] The control module is used to adjust the five-dimensional position information and the fusion laser information based on the image information, and transmit the adjusted five-dimensional position information and fusion laser information to the five-dimensional clamping module and the laser heat source module respectively.

[0012] Optionally, the laser heat source module includes: a P-polarized laser optical path system;

[0013] The P-polarized laser optical path system is disposed in the first XY plane, and the P-polarized laser optical path system is connected to the control module;

[0014] The P-polarized laser optical path system is used to generate four P-polarized laser beams based on the fusion laser information of the control module, which are then converged at the fusion center.

[0015] Optionally, the P-polarized laser optical path system includes: a laser, first to third P-polarized beam splitters, and first to fourth reflector groups;

[0016] The laser is used to generate P-polarized laser based on the fusion laser information of the control module;

[0017] The first P-polarization beam splitter is used to split the laser emitted from the laser to generate a transmitted first laser beam and a reflected second laser beam. The first laser beam is transmitted to the second P-polarization beam splitter, and the second laser beam is transmitted to the third P-polarization beam splitter.

[0018] The second P-polarization beam splitter is used to split the first laser beam to generate a transmitted third laser beam and a reflected fourth laser beam, and to transmit the third laser beam to the first reflector group and the fourth laser beam to the second reflector group.

[0019] The third P-polarization beam splitter is used to split the second laser beam to generate a transmitted fifth laser beam and a reflected sixth laser beam, and transmits the fifth laser beam to the mirror group and the sixth laser beam to the fourth mirror group.

[0020] The first to fourth reflector groups are used to reflect and converge the third to sixth laser beams to the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths;

[0021] The laser and the first to third P-polarizing beam splitters are disposed on the first XY plane, and the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth reflector groups on the first XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center.

[0022] The first to fourth reflector groups each include: a first plane reflector and a second plane reflector;

[0023] Each of the first planar reflectors is located in the first XY plane, and each of the second planar reflectors is located outside the first XY plane;

[0024] Each of the first planar reflectors is used to reflect the third to the sixth laser beams along a direction parallel to the Z-axis to the corresponding second planar reflector.

[0025] Each of the second planar reflectors is used to converge the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths;

[0026] The laser optical path system further includes: third to fifth plane mirrors;

[0027] The third planar reflector is used to reflect the laser emitted from the laser back to the first P-polarization beam splitter.

[0028] The fourth plane mirror is used to reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first P-polarization beam splitter to the second P-polarization beam splitter.

[0029] The fifth planar reflector is used to reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first P-polarization beam splitter to the third P-polarization beam splitter.

[0030] Optionally, the laser heat source module includes: an S-polarized laser optical path system;

[0031] The S-polarized laser optical path system is disposed in the first XY plane, and the S-polarized laser optical path system is connected to the control module;

[0032] The S-polarized laser optical path system is used to generate four P-polarized laser beams after S-polarized laser beam splitting based on the fusion laser information of the control module, which are then converged at the fusion center.

[0033] Optionally, the S-polarized laser optical path system includes: a laser, first to third S-polarized beam splitters, and first to fourth plane mirror groups;

[0034] The first S-polarization beam splitter is used to split the laser emitted from the laser to generate a transmitted first laser beam and a reflected second laser beam, and to transmit the first laser beam to the second S-polarization beam splitter and the second laser beam to the third S-polarization beam splitter.

[0035] The second S-polarization beam splitter is used to split the first laser beam to generate a transmitted third laser beam and a reflected fourth laser beam, transmit the third laser beam to the first plane mirror, and transmit the fourth laser beam to the second plane mirror.

[0036] The third S-polarization beam splitter is used to split the second laser beam to generate a transmitted fifth laser beam and a reflected sixth laser beam. The fifth laser beam is transmitted to the third plane mirror, and the sixth laser beam is transmitted to the fourth plane mirror.

[0037] The first to fourth planar reflectors are used to reflect and converge the third to sixth laser beams to the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths;

[0038] The laser, the first to third S-polarization beam splitters, and the first to fourth planar reflector groups all share the first XY plane. The fusion center is located outside the first XY plane, and the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth planar reflector groups on the first XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center.

[0039] The first to fourth reflector groups each include: a first plane reflector and a second plane reflector;

[0040] Each of the first planar reflectors and each of the second planar reflectors are located in the first XY plane;

[0041] Each of the first planar reflectors is used to reflect the third to the sixth laser beams along the first XY plane to the corresponding second planar reflector. The light rays from the third to the sixth laser beams reflected by each of the first planar reflectors are extended in the opposite direction and converge at the fusion center.

[0042] Each of the second planar reflectors is used to converge the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths;

[0043] The laser optical path system further includes: third to fifth plane mirrors;

[0044] The third planar reflector is used to reflect the laser emitted from the laser back to the first S-polarization beam splitter.

[0045] The fourth plane mirror is used to reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first S-polarization beam splitter to the second S-polarization beam splitter.

[0046] The fifth planar reflector is also used to reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first S-polarization beam splitter to the third S-polarization beam splitter.

[0047] Optionally, the imaging module includes: an X-axis imaging unit and a Y-axis imaging unit;

[0048] The X-axis imaging unit is positioned on the second XY plane in the X-axis direction of the fusion center;

[0049] The Y-axis imaging unit is positioned on the second XY plane in the Y-axis direction of the fusion center.

[0050] Optionally, both the X-axis imaging unit and the Y-axis imaging unit include: a backlight, a telecentric lens, and a CCD camera;

[0051] The crosshairs formed by the line of sight of the backlight and the telecentric lens are parallel to the projection of the crosshairs formed by the convergence of the four P-polarized lasers of the laser heat source module at the fusion center.

[0052] Optionally, the control module is further configured to obtain the diameter information of the end cap to be welded based on the image information, and adjust the five-dimensional position information of the control module according to the diameter information.

[0053] Optionally, the four P-polarized lasers output by the laser heat source module converge at the fusion center and form a 60-degree angle with the Z-axis direction of the second XY plane.

[0054] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this utility model also provides an optical device, which includes the laser fusion splicer as described above.

[0055] This invention provides a laser fusion splicer and optical equipment. The laser fusion splicer includes: a laser heat source module, a five-dimensional clamping module, an imaging module, and a control module. The control module is connected to the laser heat source module, the five-dimensional clamping module, and the imaging module. The five-dimensional clamping module clamps the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber based on the five-dimensional position information of the control module and moves them to the fusion center. The laser heat source module is disposed in a first XY plane and is used to output four P-polarized lasers based on the fusion laser information of the control module and converge them to the fusion center. The fusion center is located in a second XY plane outside the first XY plane. The imaging module is disposed around the fusion center in the second XY plane and is used to collect image information of the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber, and feed the image information back to the control module. The control module is used to adjust the five-dimensional position information and the fusion laser information based on the image information, and transmit the adjusted five-dimensional position information and fusion laser information to the five-dimensional clamping module and the laser heat source module, respectively. The heating surface of the end cap is controlled by a five-dimensional clamping module and a control module, which improves the accuracy of welding control and enables welding of end caps of different diameters. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the laser optical path system of this utility model;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the five-dimensional clamping module in the first embodiment of the laser welding machine of this utility model;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the imaging module in the first embodiment of the laser fusion welding machine of this utility model;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the laser welding machine of this utility model;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a front view of the second embodiment of the laser optical path system of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the laser welding machine of this utility model;

[0063] Figure 7 This is a front view of the third embodiment of the laser optical path system of this utility model.

[0064] The reference numerals are as follows: 1. Laser heat source module; 2. Five-dimensional clamping module; 3. Imaging module; 4. Control module; 10. Laser; 201. First P-polarization beam splitter; 202. Second P-polarization beam splitter; 203. Third P-polarization beam splitter; 301. First reflector group; 302. Second reflector group; 303. Third reflector group; 304. Fourth reflector group; 40. Welding center; 50. First plane reflector; 60. Second plane reflector; 70. Third plane reflector; 80. Fourth plane reflector; 90. Fifth plane reflector.

[0065] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0066] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0067] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0068] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0069] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0070] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the laser fusion welding machine of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the laser welding machine includes: a laser heat source module, a five-dimensional clamping module, an imaging module, and a control module.

[0071] It should be noted that the control module is connected to the laser heat source module, the five-dimensional clamping module, and the imaging module. The five-dimensional clamping module can clamp the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber to the fusion center based on the five-dimensional position information of the control module. The laser heat source module is set in the first XY plane and can be used to output four P-polarized lasers based on the fusion laser information of the control module and converge them to the fusion center, which is located in the second XY plane outside the first XY plane. The imaging module is set around the fusion center in the second XY plane and can be used to collect image information of the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber, and feed the image information back to the control module. The control module can be used to adjust the five-dimensional position information and the fusion laser information based on the image information, and transmit the adjusted five-dimensional position information and fusion laser information to the five-dimensional clamping module and the laser heat source module, respectively.

[0072] It should be understood that the control module can be a computer control module with specialized software, capable of acquiring, processing, and transmitting information through pre-set software programs. Image information can be data information converted from analog image data of the end cap to be spliced ​​and the optical fiber during splicing, obtained through a camera, analog-to-digital converter, etc. The five-dimensional adjustment of the five-dimensional clamping module can be adjusted in the X / Y / Z / θX / θY directions, respectively used to control the up / down, left / right, forward / backward, pitch, and sway of the end cap and optical fiber. All five-dimensional adjustments are driven by motors and controlled by the five-dimensional position information output by the computer software program of the control module. The laser power of the laser heat source module can also be controlled by the splicing laser information output by the computer software program of the control module. (Refer to...) Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the five-dimensional clamping module in the first embodiment of the laser welding machine of this utility model.

[0073] Furthermore, the imaging module includes: an X-axis imaging unit and a Y-axis imaging unit; the X-axis imaging unit is disposed in the X-axis direction of the fusion center on the second XY plane; the Y-axis imaging unit is disposed in the Y-axis direction of the fusion center on the second XY plane. (Refer to...) Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the imaging module in the first embodiment of the laser fusion welding machine of this utility model.

[0074] It should be noted that the backlight, telecentric lens, and CCD camera are all focused on the fusion splice center. The backlight provides illumination, while the telecentric lens and CCD camera image and identify the sides of the fiber and end cap at the fusion splice center. Both the X-axis and Y-axis imaging units include a backlight, a telecentric lens, and a CCD camera. The crosshair formed by the lines of sight from the backlight and the telecentric lens is parallel to the projection of the crosshair formed by the four P-polarized lasers from the laser heat source module converging at the fusion splice center. This design improves space utilization, and the opening at the top facilitates the loading and unloading of the fiber end cap.

[0075] It should be understood that the electrically adjustable five-dimensional clamping module clamps and fixes the optical fiber and end cap on both sides, placing them within the imaging module. The imaging module images the optical fiber and end cap, and the computer software of the control module identifies the orientation of the optical fiber and end cap and generates five-dimensional position information to control the five-dimensional clamping module to align the optical fiber and end cap on both sides. Finally, a four-beam CO2 laser heat source module performs heating and splicing. Different splicing positions can be selected according to the diameter of the end cap. The CO2 laser can heat only the side of the end cap, only the end face of the end cap, or simultaneously heat both the end face and the side of the end cap, achieving splicing of end caps of different diameters.

[0076] In this embodiment, the laser fusion splicer includes: a laser heat source module, a five-dimensional clamping module, an imaging module, and a control module; the control module is connected to the laser heat source module, the five-dimensional clamping module, and the imaging module; the five-dimensional clamping module clamps the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber based on the five-dimensional position information of the control module and moves them to the fusion center; the laser heat source module is disposed in a first XY plane and is used to output four P-polarized lasers based on the fusion laser information of the control module and converge them to the fusion center, the fusion center being located in a second XY plane outside the first XY plane; the imaging module is disposed around the fusion center in the second XY plane and is used to collect image information of the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber, and feed the image information back to the control module; the control module is used to adjust the five-dimensional position information and the fusion laser information based on the image information, and transmit the adjusted five-dimensional position information and the fusion laser information to the five-dimensional clamping module and the laser heat source module respectively. The heating surface of the end cap is controlled by a five-dimensional clamping module and a control module, which improves the accuracy of welding control and enables welding of end caps of different diameters.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the laser welding machine of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the laser heat source module includes a P-polarized laser optical path system. The P-polarized laser optical path system is disposed in the first XY plane and is connected to the control module. The P-polarized laser optical path system can be used to generate four P-polarized laser beams based on the fusion laser information from the control module, which converge at the fusion center.

[0078] Specifically, the P-polarized laser optical path system includes: a laser, first to third P-polarized beam splitters, and first to fourth reflector groups.

[0079] It should be noted that the first P-polarization beam splitter can be used to split the laser emitted from the laser, generating a transmitted first laser beam and a reflected second laser beam. The first laser beam is then transmitted to the second P-polarization beam splitter, and the second laser beam is transmitted to the third P-polarization beam splitter. The second P-polarization beam splitter can be used to split the first laser beam, generating a transmitted third laser beam and a reflected fourth laser beam. The third laser beam is transmitted to the first reflector group, and the fourth laser beam is transmitted to the second reflector group. The third P-polarization beam splitter can be used to split the second laser beam, generating a transmitted fifth laser beam and a reflected sixth laser beam. The fifth laser beam is transmitted to the reflector group, and the sixth laser beam is transmitted to the fourth reflector group. The first to fourth reflector groups can be used to reflect and converge the third to sixth laser beams at the fusion center, forming the first to fourth optical paths.

[0080] It should be understood that the laser can be a carbon dioxide laser, used as a heat source to output carbon dioxide laser light, which is linearly polarized. The first to third P-polarization beam splitters can split the incident light into two beams of equal power; one beam is transmitted with its direction unchanged, while the other is reflected at 90°. For a P-polarization beam splitter, power splitting can only be achieved if the incident light is P-polarized, and both the transmitted and reflected light are P-polarized. Therefore, the laser's installation direction ensures that the linearly polarized light reaches the P-polarization beam splitter in accordance with P-polarized incidence. The first to fourth reflector groups can be optical components composed of plane mirrors that reflect and converge the laser beam at the fusion center. The laser beam forms the first to fourth optical paths converging at the fusion center through the first to fourth reflector groups, respectively.

[0081] Specifically, the P-polarized laser generated by the laser is split into a first transmitted laser beam and a second laser beam reflected at 90° by the first P-polarized beam splitter. The first and second laser beams have equal power and are both P-polarized. The first laser beam enters the second P-polarized beam splitter and is further split into a third transmitted laser beam and a fourth laser beam reflected at 90°. The third and fourth laser beams have equal power and are both P-polarized. Similarly, the second laser beam enters the third P-polarized beam splitter and is further split into a fifth transmitted laser beam and a sixth laser beam reflected at 90°. The fifth and sixth laser beams have equal power and are both P-polarized. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth laser beams are then converged at the fusion center by the first to fourth sets of reflecting mirrors, respectively.

[0082] The laser and the first to third P-polarizing beam splitters share the same XY plane, the fusion center is located outside the XY plane, and the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth reflector groups on the XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center.

[0083] It should be noted that, since the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth reflector groups on the XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center, the distances from the laser's output port to the fusion center through the first to fourth optical paths are all equal, and the incident and exit angles on the corresponding reflectors are also the same, ensuring complete consistency. This guarantees that the optical path lengths of the four laser beams reaching the fusion center are equal, resulting in consistent performance. Furthermore, the four laser beams converging at the fusion center all have P-polarization relative to the XY plane.

[0084] Because the laser optical path design is almost not coplanar with the fusion center, the laser optical path and the imaging optical path on the plane where the fusion center is located will not interfere with each other. This allows for the convenient design of their respective installation structures and improves the control accuracy of laser convergence.

[0085] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a front view of the second embodiment of the laser optical path system of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the contents that are the same as or similar to those in the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description and will not be repeated hereafter. Each of the first to fourth reflector groups includes: a first plane reflector and a second plane reflector.

[0086] It should be noted that each of the first planar reflectors is located in the XY plane, and each of the second planar reflectors is located outside the XY plane; each of the first planar reflectors is used to reflect the third to the sixth laser beams along a direction parallel to the Z-axis to the corresponding second planar reflector; each of the second planar reflectors is used to converge the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths.

[0087] It should be understood that, since the aforementioned laser and the first to third P-polarized beam splitters share the same XY plane, and each of the first planar mirrors is also located in the XY plane, in order to ensure that the fusion center is not in the XY plane, it is necessary to set up second planar mirrors that are not in the XY plane to achieve convergence of the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center. Simultaneously, to ensure that the optical path lengths of the four laser beams reaching the fusion center are equal and the effect is consistent, the second planar mirrors are positioned at the same distance from each of the first planar mirrors along a direction parallel to the Z-axis. This ensures that the first to the sixth laser beams are all P-polarized, and the polarization direction of the laser beams is parallel to the XY plane.

[0088] Specifically, the first to fourth optical paths formed by the convergence of each of the second planar reflectors at the fusion center all form a 60-degree angle with the Z-axis. According to optical theory, compared to laser light acting perpendicularly to the XY plane, P-polarized laser light with a 60-degree angle to the Z-axis has higher transmittance (i.e., higher laser absorptivity) and lower reflectivity when heating the front end face of the end cap parallel to the XY plane, thereby improving laser power utilization while reducing the influence of reflected stray light.

[0089] Furthermore, the laser optical path system may also include a third plane mirror. The third plane mirror is located in the XY plane. The third plane mirror can be used to reflect the laser emitted from the laser back to the first P-polarization beam splitter. Similarly, the laser optical path system may also include a fourth plane mirror and a fifth plane mirror; both the fourth and fifth plane mirrors are located in the XY plane; the fourth plane mirror can be used to reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first P-polarization beam splitter back to the second P-polarization beam splitter; the fifth plane mirror can be used to reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first P-polarization beam splitter back to the third P-polarization beam splitter. By using plane mirrors, the laser direction can be changed, optimizing the overall system size design.

[0090] It should be noted that the fourth and fifth plane mirrors can be replaced with cylindrical mirrors. Cylindrical mirrors can perform one-dimensional focusing of the laser, converging a circular spot into an elliptical spot, thereby increasing the laser power density without reducing the laser heating range. Alternatively, the four second plane mirrors can be replaced with cylindrical mirrors with shorter focal lengths to further improve the laser power density.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first to fourth reflector groups of the laser optical path system each include a first plane mirror and a second plane mirror. A third plane mirror located in the XY plane reflects the laser emitted from the laser to the first P-polarization beam splitter. The fourth and fifth plane mirrors, also located in the XY plane, reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first P-polarization beam splitter to the second P-polarization beam splitter, and reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first P-polarization beam splitter to the third P-polarization beam splitter. Each first plane mirror is located in the XY plane, and each second plane mirror is located outside the XY plane. This ensures that the laser emitted from the laser travels equal distances through the first to fourth optical paths, and that each of the first to fourth optical paths forms a 60-degree angle with the Z-axis direction, thereby improving laser power utilization while reducing the impact of reflected stray light.

[0092] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the laser fusion welding machine of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the same or similar contents as in the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. The laser optical path system includes: a laser, first to third S-polarization beam splitters, and first to fourth reflecting mirror groups.

[0093] It should be noted that the first S-polarization beam splitter can be used to split the laser emitted from the laser, generating a transmitted first laser beam and a reflected second laser beam. The first laser beam is then transmitted to the second S-polarization beam splitter, and the second laser beam is transmitted to the third S-polarization beam splitter. The second S-polarization beam splitter can be used to split the first laser beam, generating a transmitted third laser beam and a reflected fourth laser beam. The third laser beam is transmitted to the first reflector group, and the fourth laser beam is transmitted to the second reflector group. The third S-polarization beam splitter can be used to split the second laser beam, generating a transmitted fifth laser beam and a reflected sixth laser beam. The fifth laser beam is transmitted to the reflector group, and the sixth laser beam is transmitted to the fourth reflector group. The first to fourth reflector groups can be used to reflect and converge the third to sixth laser beams at the fusion center, forming the first to fourth optical paths.

[0094] It should be understood that the laser can be a carbon dioxide laser, used as a heat source to output carbon dioxide laser light, which is linearly polarized. The first to third S-polarization beam splitters can split the incident light into two beams of equal power; one beam is transmitted with its direction unchanged, while the other is reflected at 90°. For an S-polarization beam splitter, power splitting can only be achieved if the incident light is S-polarized, ensuring both transmitted and reflected light are S-polarized. Therefore, the laser's installation direction can ensure that the linearly polarized light reaches the S-polarization beam splitter in accordance with S-polarization incidence. The first to fourth reflecting mirror groups can be optical components composed of plane mirrors that reflect and converge the laser beam at the fusion center. The laser beam forms the first to fourth optical paths converging at the fusion center through the first to fourth reflecting mirror groups, respectively.

[0095] Specifically, the S-polarized laser generated by the laser is split into a first transmitted laser beam and a second laser beam reflected at 90° by the first S-polarization beam splitter. The first and second laser beams have equal power and are both P-polarized light. The first laser beam enters the second S-polarization beam splitter and is further split into a third transmitted laser beam and a fourth laser beam reflected at 90°. The third and fourth laser beams have equal power and are both P-polarized light. Similarly, the second laser beam enters the third S-polarization beam splitter and is further split into a fifth transmitted laser beam and a sixth laser beam reflected at 90°. The fifth and sixth laser beams have equal power. The third, fourth, fifth, and sixth laser beams are then converged at the fusion center by the first to fourth sets of reflecting mirrors, respectively.

[0096] The laser, the first to third S-polarizing beam splitters, and the first to fourth planar reflector groups all share the XY plane. The fusion center is located outside the XY plane, and the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth reflector groups on the XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center. The first and second laser beams are both S-polarized, with their polarization direction perpendicular to the XY plane, while the third to sixth laser beams are all P-polarized, with their polarization direction parallel to the XY plane.

[0097] It should be noted that, since the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth reflector groups on the XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center, the distances from the laser's output port to the fusion center through the first to fourth optical paths are all equal, and the incident and exit angles on the corresponding reflectors are also the same, ensuring complete consistency. This guarantees that the optical path lengths of the four laser beams reaching the fusion center are equal, resulting in consistent performance. Furthermore, the four laser beams converging at the fusion center all have P-polarization relative to the XY plane.

[0098] Because the laser optical path design is almost not coplanar with the fusion center, the laser optical path and the imaging optical path on the plane where the fusion center is located will not interfere with each other. This allows for the convenient design of their respective installation structures and improves the control accuracy of laser convergence.

[0099] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a front view of the third embodiment of the laser optical path system of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the same or similar content as in the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Each of the first to fourth reflector groups includes: a first plane reflector and a second plane reflector, and each of the first plane reflector and each of the second plane reflectors is located in the XY plane.

[0100] It should be noted that each of the first planar reflectors is used to reflect the third to the sixth laser beams along the XY plane to the corresponding second planar reflector. The light rays of the third to the sixth laser beams reflected by each of the first planar reflectors are extended in the reverse direction and converge at the fusion center. Each of the second planar reflectors is used to converge the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths.

[0101] It should be understood that, since the aforementioned laser and the first to third S-polarization beam splitters share the same XY plane, and each of the first plane mirrors and the third plane mirror are also located in the XY plane, in order to ensure that the fusion center is not in the XY plane, the light reflected by each first plane mirror needs to be extended in the reverse direction and converge to the projection of the fusion center on the XY plane, so that the third to sixth laser beams converge at the fusion center. Simultaneously, to ensure that the optical path lengths of the four laser beams reaching the fusion center are equal and the effect is consistent, the second plane mirror and each of the first plane mirrors are correspondingly positioned at the same distance along the direction parallel to the Z-axis. This causes the third to sixth laser beams to all convert from S-polarization to P-polarization, and the polarization direction of the laser beams is parallel to the XY plane.

[0102] Specifically, the first to fourth optical paths formed by the convergence of each of the second planar reflectors at the fusion center all form a 60-degree angle with the Z-axis. According to optical theory, compared to laser light acting perpendicularly to the XY plane, P-polarized laser light with a 60-degree angle to the Z-axis has higher transmittance (i.e., higher laser absorptivity) and lower reflectivity when heating the front end face of the end cap parallel to the XY plane, thereby improving laser power utilization while reducing the influence of reflected stray light.

[0103] Furthermore, the laser optical path system may further include a third plane mirror. The third plane mirror is located in the XY plane. The third plane mirror can be used to reflect the laser beam emitted from the laser back to the first S-polarizing beam splitter. Similarly, the laser optical path system may also include a fourth plane mirror and a fifth plane mirror; both the fourth and fifth plane mirrors are located in the XY plane; the fourth plane mirror can be used to reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first P-polarizing beam splitter back to the second S-polarizing beam splitter; the fifth plane mirror can be used to reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first S-polarizing beam splitter back to the third S-polarizing beam splitter. By using plane mirrors, the laser direction can be changed, optimizing the overall system size design.

[0104] It should be noted that the fourth and fifth plane mirrors can be replaced with cylindrical mirrors. Cylindrical mirrors can perform one-dimensional focusing of the laser, converging a circular spot into an elliptical spot, thereby increasing the laser power density without reducing the laser heating range. Alternatively, the four second plane mirrors can be replaced with cylindrical mirrors with shorter focal lengths to further improve the laser power density.

[0105] In this embodiment, the first to fourth reflector groups of the laser optical path system each include a first plane mirror and a second plane mirror. A third plane mirror located in the XY plane also reflects the laser emitted from the laser to the first S-polarization beam splitter. The fourth and fifth plane mirrors, also located in the XY plane, reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first S-polarization beam splitter to the second S-polarization beam splitter, and reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first S-polarization beam splitter to the third S-polarization beam splitter. Each of the first and second plane mirrors is located outside the XY plane. This ensures that the laser emitted from the laser travels equidistantly through the first to fourth optical paths, converging at the fusion center into four laser beams with a P-polarized state relative to the XY plane. Simultaneously, the first to fourth optical paths all form a 60-degree angle with the Z-axis direction, improving laser power utilization while reducing the influence of reflected stray light.

[0106] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0107] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0108] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0109] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser welding machine, characterized in that, The laser welding machine includes: a laser heat source module, a five-dimensional clamping module, an imaging module, and a control module; The control module is connected to the laser heat source module, the five-dimensional clamping module, and the imaging module. The five-dimensional clamping module clamps the end cap to be spliced ​​and the optical fiber to the splicing center based on the five-dimensional position information of the control module. The laser heat source module is disposed in the first XY plane and is used to output four P-polarized lasers based on the fusion laser information of the control module and converge them to the fusion center. The fusion center is located in the second XY plane outside the first XY plane. The imaging module is disposed around the fusion splicing center in the second XY plane, and is used to acquire image information of the end cap to be fused and the optical fiber, and to feed the image information back to the control module; The control module is used to adjust the five-dimensional position information and the fusion laser information based on the image information, and transmit the adjusted five-dimensional position information and fusion laser information to the five-dimensional clamping module and the laser heat source module respectively.

2. The laser welding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser heat source module includes: a P-polarized laser optical path system; The P-polarized laser optical path system is disposed in the first XY plane, and the P-polarized laser optical path system is connected to the control module; The P-polarized laser optical path system is used to generate four P-polarized laser beams based on the fusion laser information of the control module, which are then converged at the fusion center.

3. The laser welding machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The P-polarized laser optical path system includes: a laser, first to third P-polarized beam splitters, and first to fourth reflector groups; The laser is used to generate P-polarized laser based on the fusion laser information of the control module; The first P-polarization beam splitter is used to split the laser emitted from the laser to generate a transmitted first laser beam and a reflected second laser beam. The first laser beam is transmitted to the second P-polarization beam splitter, and the second laser beam is transmitted to the third P-polarization beam splitter. The second P-polarization beam splitter is used to split the first laser beam to generate a transmitted third laser beam and a reflected fourth laser beam, and to transmit the third laser beam to the first reflector group and the fourth laser beam to the second reflector group. The third P-polarization beam splitter is used to split the second laser beam to generate a transmitted fifth laser beam and a reflected sixth laser beam, and transmits the fifth laser beam to the mirror group and the sixth laser beam to the fourth mirror group. The first to fourth reflector groups are used to reflect and converge the third to sixth laser beams to the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths; The laser and the first to third P-polarizing beam splitters are disposed on the first XY plane, and the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth reflector groups on the first XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center. The first to fourth reflector groups each include: a first plane reflector and a second plane reflector; Each of the first planar reflectors is located in the first XY plane, and each of the second planar reflectors is located outside the first XY plane; Each of the first planar reflectors is used to reflect the third to the sixth laser beams along a direction parallel to the Z-axis to the corresponding second planar reflector. Each of the second planar reflectors is used to converge the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths; The laser optical path system further includes: third to fifth plane mirrors; The third planar reflector is used to reflect the laser emitted from the laser back to the first P-polarization beam splitter. The fourth plane mirror is used to reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first P-polarization beam splitter to the second P-polarization beam splitter. The fifth planar reflector is used to reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first P-polarization beam splitter to the third P-polarization beam splitter.

4. The laser welding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laser heat source module includes: an S-polarized laser optical path system; The S-polarized laser optical path system is disposed in the first XY plane, and the S-polarized laser optical path system is connected to the control module; The S-polarized laser optical path system is used to generate four P-polarized laser beams after S-polarized laser beam splitting based on the fusion laser information of the control module, which are then converged at the fusion center.

5. The laser welding machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The S-polarized laser optical path system includes: a laser, first to third S-polarized beam splitters, and first to fourth plane mirror groups; The first S-polarization beam splitter is used to split the laser emitted from the laser to generate a transmitted first laser beam and a reflected second laser beam, and to transmit the first laser beam to the second S-polarization beam splitter and the second laser beam to the third S-polarization beam splitter. The second S-polarization beam splitter is used to split the first laser beam to generate a transmitted third laser beam and a reflected fourth laser beam, transmit the third laser beam to the first plane mirror, and transmit the fourth laser beam to the second plane mirror. The third S-polarization beam splitter is used to split the second laser beam to generate a transmitted fifth laser beam and a reflected sixth laser beam. The fifth laser beam is transmitted to the third plane mirror, and the sixth laser beam is transmitted to the fourth plane mirror. The first to fourth planar reflectors are used to reflect and converge the third to sixth laser beams to the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths; The laser, the first to third S-polarization beam splitters, and the first to fourth planar reflector groups all share the first XY plane. The fusion center is located outside the first XY plane, and the projection points of the reflection points of the first to fourth planar reflector groups on the first XY plane are symmetrically distributed with respect to the fusion center. The first to fourth reflector groups each include: a first plane reflector and a second plane reflector; Each of the first planar reflectors and each of the second planar reflectors are located in the first XY plane; Each of the first planar reflectors is used to reflect the third to the sixth laser beams along the first XY plane to the corresponding second planar reflector. The light rays from the third to the sixth laser beams reflected by each of the first planar reflectors are extended in the opposite direction and converge at the fusion center. Each of the second planar reflectors is used to converge the third to the sixth laser beams at the fusion center to form the first to fourth optical paths; The laser optical path system further includes: third to fifth plane mirrors; The third planar reflector is used to reflect the laser emitted from the laser back to the first S-polarization beam splitter. The fourth plane mirror is used to reflect the first laser beam transmitted through the first S-polarization beam splitter to the second S-polarization beam splitter. The fifth planar reflector is also used to reflect the second laser beam reflected by the first S-polarization beam splitter to the third S-polarization beam splitter.

6. The laser fusion welding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The imaging module includes: an X-axis imaging unit and a Y-axis imaging unit; The X-axis imaging unit is positioned on the second XY plane in the X-axis direction of the fusion center; The Y-axis imaging unit is positioned on the second XY plane in the Y-axis direction of the fusion center.

7. The laser welding machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Both the X-axis imaging unit and the Y-axis imaging unit include: a backlight, a telecentric lens, and a CCD camera; The crosshairs formed by the line of sight of the backlight and the telecentric lens are parallel to the projection of the crosshairs formed by the convergence of the four P-polarized lasers of the laser heat source module at the fusion center.

8. The laser welding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is also used to obtain the diameter information of the end cap to be welded based on the image information, and adjust the five-dimensional position information of the control module according to the diameter information.

9. The laser welding machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The four P-polarized lasers output by the laser heat source module converge at the fusion center, forming a 60-degree angle with the Z-axis direction of the second XY plane.

10. An optical device, characterized in that, The optical device includes a laser fusion splicer as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images