An energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical system technical field discloses a kind of energy storage devices, it at least includes the first shell and second shell arranged along gravity direction, and the first shell and second shell accommodate energy storage battery respectively.The first shell is equipped with first explosion venting component, and the second shell is equipped with second explosion venting component.The ratio of the communication distance between first explosion venting component and second explosion venting component and the distance of both in gravity direction is at least greater than 1.1, obstructs the transmission path of flame between first explosion venting component and second explosion venting component, avoids the flame of lower layer's explosion venting component to burn out upper layer's explosion venting component as far as possible, avoids the heat runaway of lower layer to spread to upper layer, reduces the risk of heat runaway of energy storage device spread.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of electrical systems technology, and in particular to an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage devices are an important component of energy stations such as photovoltaic power plants and wind-solar hybrid power plants, and include a cabinet and energy storage batteries arranged in the cabinet. Because thermal runaway of energy storage batteries can lead to a large accumulation of flammable gases, the cabinet is at risk of explosion, seriously endangering the safety of surrounding equipment and personnel.

[0003] Although energy storage devices generally have explosion vents installed in the cabinet, for stacked energy storage devices, due to limited space at the top of the cabinet, the explosion vents can only be installed on the sides of the cabinet. Furthermore, the explosion vents of the upper and lower cabinets are often located on the same side and aligned in the direction of gravity. In this situation, if the lower-level energy storage battery experiences thermal runaway, the flames inside the lower cabinet can escape from the explosion vent of the lower cabinet and directly impact the explosion vent of the upper cabinet. This can cause the upper cabinet's explosion vent to be ablated, allowing the flames to enter the upper cabinet and cause thermal runaway of the energy storage batteries there as well, leading to the spread of thermal runaway.

[0004] Therefore, it is desirable to provide an energy storage device to address the problem of thermal runaway propagation. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on this, this application provides an energy storage device that prevents thermal runaway from spreading from the lower layer to the upper layer, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation in the energy storage device.

[0006] This application provides an energy storage device, comprising at least a first housing and a second housing arranged along the direction of gravity. The first housing and the second housing respectively house an energy storage battery. The first housing is provided with a first explosion venting component, and the second housing is provided with a second explosion venting component. The ratio of the communication distance between the first explosion venting component and the second explosion venting component to their distance along the direction of gravity is at least greater than 1.1. This configuration can minimize the risk of flames from the lower explosion venting component (e.g., the first explosion venting component) burning the upper explosion venting component (e.g., the second explosion venting component), preventing thermal runaway from the lower layer from spreading to the upper layer, and reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation in the energy storage device.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first housing is located below the second housing in the direction of gravity. The first housing includes a side surface with a first explosion venting component, and a fireproof component is provided at the top of the side surface in the direction of gravity. The fireproof component can alter the communication path between the first and second explosion venting components, increasing the length of the communication path between them, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0008] In some embodiments, both the first housing and the second housing include an upper side surface along the direction of gravity and a first side surface adjacent to the upper side surface. The first side surface of the first housing is provided with a first explosion-venting component, and the first side surface of the second housing is provided with a second explosion-venting component. In the extending direction of the first side surface, the first and second explosion-venting components are located at different positions on the corresponding first side surface, and the extending direction of the first side surface intersects the direction of gravity. The first and second explosion-venting components also have a lateral distance in the extending direction. For the flame vented by the first explosion-venting component to be transmitted to the second explosion-venting component, in addition to displacement along the direction of gravity, it also needs to be displaced along the aforementioned extending direction by the aforementioned lateral distance, thereby increasing the communication distance between the first and second explosion-venting components and reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the extending direction of the first side, the first explosion venting component is offset on the first side of the first housing, and the second explosion venting component is offset on the first side of the second housing. This arrangement ensures that the explosion venting structures on opposite sides of adjacent housings within the same layer are staggered, preventing the spread of thermal runaway within the same layer.

[0010] In some embodiments, both the first housing and the second housing include an upper side surface along the direction of gravity, and both the first housing and the second housing include a first side surface and a second side surface adjacent to the upper side surface. The first side surface and the second side surface are adjacent to or opposite to each other. The first side surface of the first housing is provided with a first explosion venting component, and the second side surface of the second housing is provided with a second explosion venting component. For the flame vented by the first explosion venting component to be transmitted to the second explosion venting component, in addition to displacement along the direction of gravity, it also needs to go around from the first side surface to the second side surface, thereby increasing the communication distance between the first explosion venting component and the second explosion venting component and reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0011] In some embodiments, both the first housing and the second housing include an upper side surface along the direction of gravity and a first side surface adjacent to the upper side surface; the second housing is located at the top layer in the direction of gravity, the first side surface of the first housing is provided with a first explosion venting component, and the upper side surface of the second housing is provided with a second explosion venting component. This design allows the first and second explosion venting components to be located on different sides of the corresponding housings, thereby increasing the communication distance between the first and second explosion venting components and reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first housing is located at the bottom in the direction of gravity, and the first housing includes an upper side surface along the direction of gravity and a door surface adjacent to the upper side surface; a first explosion venting component is provided on the side of the first housing opposite to the door surface. This design prevents the first explosion venting component at the bottom from injuring people in the surrounding area when it detonates.

[0013] In some embodiments, a flaming structure is provided on the side of the first housing opposite to the door surface, and the first explosion venting component is located within the flaming structure. The flaming structure is designed to collect and guide the flames vented by the first explosion venting component, preventing the flames from injuring surrounding people or spreading to other adjacent housings on the same floor, thus avoiding injury and reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second housing is located at the top layer in the direction of gravity, and the second housing includes an upper side surface along the direction of gravity. In the direction of gravity, the top of the ignition-conducting structure is higher than the upper side surface of the second housing. With this design, the flame vented by the first explosion-venting component can be guided upwards in the direction of gravity, controlling the flame direction, preventing injury, and preventing the spread of thermal runaway within the same layer. Furthermore, it can also prevent the flame vented by the first explosion-venting component from entering the second housing, preventing the spread of thermal runaway between different layers.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second housing is further provided with an air intake assembly, wherein the air intake assembly located on the same side of the second housing and the second explosion venting component are linearly distributed in the direction of gravity. With the aforementioned arrangement, flames vented by the explosion venting component of the lower housing (e.g., the first housing) can be prevented from entering the upper housing (e.g., the second housing) through the air intake assembly, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0016] This specification will be further described by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting; in these embodiments, the same reference numerals denote the same structures, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0018] Figure 2A This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0019] Figure 2B yes Figure 2A An enlarged schematic diagram of region A1 in the diagram;

[0020] Figure 2C yes Figure 2A Another structural diagram from a different perspective;

[0021] Figure 3A This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0022] Figure 3B yes Figure 3A A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0023] Figure 3C yes Figure 3A Another structural diagram from a different perspective;

[0024] Figure 4A This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0025] Figure 4B yes Figure 4A A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0026] Figure 4C yes Figure 4A Another structural diagram from a different perspective;

[0027] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0028] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0029] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0030] Figure 8A This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0031] Figure 8B yes Figure 8A A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0032] Figure 8C yes Figure 8A Another structural diagram from a different perspective;

[0033] Figure 9A This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0034] Figure 9B yes Figure 9A A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 10A This is another structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device according to one or more embodiments;

[0036] Figure 10B yes Figure 10A A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, energy storage device; 110, first housing; 120, second housing; 130, first explosion venting component; 140, second explosion venting component; 150, fireproof component; 160, fire-conducting structure; 170, air intake assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The drawings do not represent all embodiments.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and "each" means each of the multiple, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0041] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Energy storage devices are an important component of energy stations such as photovoltaic power plants and wind-solar hybrid power plants, consisting of a cabinet and energy storage batteries housed within it. Because thermal runaway of energy storage batteries can lead to a large accumulation of flammable gases, the cabinet poses an explosion risk, seriously endangering the safety of surrounding equipment and personnel. To prevent cabinet explosions, energy storage devices are typically equipped with explosion vents to release flames inside the cabinet in the event of thermal runaway.

[0045] Due to practical needs (e.g., logistical requirements, energy density requirements of energy storage devices), energy storage devices may consist of multiple stacked cabinets. For stacked energy storage devices, because the top space of each cabinet is limited, the explosion relief panels can only be installed on the periphery of the cabinet. Moreover, for the sake of versatility, the upper and lower cabinets are usually of the same size, so the explosion relief panels of the upper and lower cabinets are often located on the same side, and the explosion relief panels of the upper and lower cabinets are arranged correspondingly in the direction of gravity.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage device 100 includes at least a first housing 110 and a second housing 120 arranged along the direction of gravity. The first housing 110 is provided with a first explosion venting component 130, and the second housing 120 is provided with a second explosion venting component 140. The first housing 110 and the second housing 120 can each house an energy storage battery. When the energy storage battery inside the housing experiences thermal runaway, causing the gas pressure inside the housing to rise rapidly to a threshold, the explosion venting component can be passively opened to release pressure, allowing the flame and gas inside the housing to escape and preventing the housing from disintegrating.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first explosion venting component 130 of the first housing 110 and the second explosion venting component 140 of the second housing 120 are disposed on the same side. The first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 are disposed correspondingly in the direction of gravity, that is, in the direction of gravity, the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 are linearly distributed.

[0048] Taking the first housing 110 as being located below the second housing 120 in the direction of gravity as an example, when the energy storage battery inside the lower first housing 110 experiences thermal runaway, the flame inside the first housing 110 is released from the first explosion venting component 130. Since the flame propagates from bottom to top and chooses the shortest propagation path, the flame released from the first explosion venting component 130 will directly hit the corresponding second explosion venting component 140. Due to the insufficient fire resistance and heat insulation performance of the sealing interface of the explosion venting components (e.g., the first explosion venting component 130, the second explosion venting component 140, etc.) (e.g., the sealing interface of the explosion venting components is generally sealed by silicone foam), the flame will burn the upper second explosion venting component 140 and enter the upper second housing 120, causing the energy storage battery inside the second housing 120 to also experience thermal runaway, triggering the thermal runaway propagation problem.

[0049] To address this issue, some embodiments of this specification provide an energy storage device comprising at least a first housing and a second housing arranged along the direction of gravity. The ratio of the communication distance between a first explosion-venting component in the first housing and a second explosion-venting component in the second housing to their distance along the direction of gravity is designed to be at least greater than 1.1. By obstructing the propagation path of flame between the first and second explosion-venting components, the flame vented from the lower explosion-venting component (e.g., the first explosion-venting component) can be prevented from eroding the upper explosion-venting component (e.g., the second explosion-venting component), thus preventing the thermal runaway from the lower layer from spreading to the upper layer.

[0050] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various stacked energy storage devices (such as energy storage cabinets, energy storage containers, etc.) and their energy systems. For example, the energy system can be a photovoltaic power station, a wind-solar hybrid power station, a smart grid, etc.

[0051] Figure 2A This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 2B yes Figure 2A An enlarged view of region A1 in the diagram. Figure 2C yes Figure 2A A structural diagram from another perspective. Figure 3A This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 3B yes Figure 3A Another structural diagram from the perspective of the image. Figure 3C yes Figure 3A A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 2A-3CFor ease of description, the direction of gravity is defined as the X direction. In some embodiments, the X direction is also the height direction of the energy storage device 100. The energy storage device 100 also has a length direction Y and a width direction Z, with the X, Y, and Z directions intersecting each other. For example, the X, Y, and Z directions are perpendicular to each other. For any housing of the energy storage device 100 (e.g., the first housing 110, the second housing 120, etc.), it includes an upper side surface S0 and a lower side surface along the X direction, a front side surface S1 and a back side surface S2 along the Z direction, and a left side surface S3 and a right side surface S4 along the Y direction.

[0053] In the energy storage device 100, the ratio of the connection distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 to their distance in the gravitational direction (X direction) is at least greater than 1.1. The shortest connection path between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 is the flame propagation path between them. This arrangement increases the length of the connection path between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140, hindering the flame propagation path between them, preventing flames from the lower explosion venting component (e.g., the first explosion venting component 130) from eroding the upper explosion venting component (e.g., the second explosion venting component 140), and preventing thermal runaway from the lower first housing 110 from spreading to the upper second housing 120, thus reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation in the energy storage device 100.

[0054] The connection distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 refers to the length of the connection path between them. For example, for Figure 1 The energy storage device 100 shown has a first explosion venting component 130 and a second explosion venting component 140 that can be directly connected along the gravitational direction X. The connection path between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 can be a line connecting them along the gravitational direction X. The connection distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 is the distance between them along the gravitational direction X. That is, in Figure 1 In the process, the ratio of the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 to the distance between them in the X direction of gravity is 1.

[0055] When the first housing 110 is provided with one or more first explosion venting components 130 and the second housing 120 is provided with one or more second explosion venting components 140, the ratio of the communication distance between any first explosion venting component 130 and any second explosion venting component 140 to the distance between them in the X direction of gravity is at least greater than 1.1.

[0056] To prevent flame propagation from the first explosion venting component 130 to the second explosion venting component 140, the energy storage device 100 can be designed such that the ratio of the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 to their distance in the gravitational direction X is at least greater than 1.1. For example, the positions of the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 can be designed to include a partial communication path in a non-gravity direction between them. By changing the direction of this partial communication path, flame propagation from the first explosion venting component 130 to the second explosion venting component 140 is prevented. Alternatively, a fireproof component can be installed between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 to prevent flame propagation from the first explosion venting component 130 to the second explosion venting component 140.

[0057] The energy storage device 100 will be described below with the example of the first housing 110 being located below the second housing 120 in the gravity direction X. It should be noted that in this case, the upper side S0 of the first housing 110 abuts against the lower side of the upper housing (e.g., the second housing 120), and the upper side S0 of the first housing 110 is blocked.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 2A-2C In some embodiments, a fireproof component 150 is provided at the top of the side of the first housing 110 where the first explosion venting component 130 is located in the X direction of gravity. The fireproof component 150 can block the flames vented by the first explosion venting component 130, causing the flames vented by the first explosion venting component 130 to bypass the fireproof component 150 during propagation, thus increasing the propagation path and thereby hindering the transmission path of the flames between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140.

[0059] In some embodiments, when the first explosion venting component 130 of the first housing 110 and the second explosion venting component 140 of the second housing 120 are disposed on the same side (e.g., the front side S1), a fireproof component 150 may be disposed on the top of that side (e.g., the front side S1) of the first housing 110. In this case, the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 is... Figure 2C The length of the dotted line in the figure represents the distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 in the X direction of gravity. Figure 2C The distance h shown is such that the ratio of the length of the dashed line to the distance h is at least greater than 1.1.

[0060] In some embodiments, when the first explosion-venting component 130 of the first housing 110 and the second explosion-venting component 140 of the second housing 120 are disposed on different sides, a fireproof component 150 can be disposed at the top of the side of the first housing 110 where the first explosion-venting component 130 is disposed. The communication path between the first explosion-venting component 130 and the second explosion-venting component 140 not only needs to bypass the fireproof component 150, but also needs to go around from the side where the first explosion-venting component 130 is located to the side where the second explosion-venting component 140 is located, thereby further increasing the communication distance between the first explosion-venting component 130 and the second explosion-venting component 140.

[0061] In some embodiments, the fireproof component 150 may be an integral design, with one fireproof component 150 corresponding to all the first explosion venting components 130 provided on its side. In some embodiments, the fireproof component 150 may also be a split design, with each split fireproof component shielding one corresponding first explosion venting component 130.

[0062] The design of the fireproof component 150 allows the first explosion venting component 130 of the first housing 110 and the second explosion venting component 140 of the second housing 120 to be positioned in the same location (e.g., on the same side, in the same position on the side). This allows the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 to adopt the same specifications, and the energy storage device 100 to be directly stacked using housings of the same specifications, reducing design and production costs and operational complexity.

[0063] In some embodiments, both the first housing 110 and the second housing 120 include a first side and a second side adjacent to the upper side S0. The first side and the second side serve as the periphery of the first housing 110 and / or the second housing 120. The first side and the second side are adjacent or opposite to each other. The first side of the first housing 110 is provided with a first explosion venting component 130, and the second side of the second housing 120 is provided with a second explosion venting component 140. For the flame vented by the first explosion venting component 130 to be transmitted to the second explosion venting component 140, in addition to needing to be displaced a distance h along the gravity direction X, it also needs to be routed from the first side to the second side. This increases the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140, so that the ratio of the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 to their distance in the gravity direction X is at least greater than 1.1, thereby hindering the transmission path of the flame between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first side and the second side can be opposite sides, and there is a connecting surface between the first side and the second side. When the flame vented by the first explosion venting component 130 is transmitted to the second explosion venting component 140, it needs to pass through the connecting surface to further increase the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first side and the second side may correspond to the front side S1 and the back side S2 of the housing along the Z direction. For example, as shown in the figure Figures 3A-3C As shown, the first explosion venting component 130 is provided on the front side S1 of the first housing 110 as the first side, and the second explosion venting component 140 is provided on the back side S2 of the second housing 120 as the second side.

[0066] Figure 4A This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 4B yes Figure 4A Another structural diagram from the perspective of the image. Figure 4C yes Figure 4A A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first side and the second side may correspond to the left side S3 and the right side S4 of the housing along the Y direction. For example, as Figures 4A-4C As shown, the right side S4 of the first housing 110 is provided with a first explosion venting component 130 as a first side surface, and the left side S3 of the second housing 120 is provided with a second explosion venting component 140 as a second side surface.

[0068] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first side and the second side may be adjacent sides. One of the first side and the second side may correspond to one of the sides of the housing along the Z direction (e.g., the left side S3 or the right side S4), and the other may correspond to one of the sides of the housing along the Y direction (e.g., the front side S1 or the back side S2). For example, as... Figure 5 As shown, the right side S4 of the first housing 110 is provided with a first explosion venting component 130 as the first side surface, and the front side S1 of the second housing 120 is provided with a second explosion venting component 140 as the second side surface.

[0070] In some embodiments, when the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 are located on the same side of the corresponding housing, in order to increase the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140, the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 can be designed to be staggered, so as to change the communication path between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140, increase the length of the communication path, and thus hinder the transmission path of the flame between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140.

[0071] In some embodiments, a first explosion venting component 130 is provided on a first side of the first housing 110, and a second explosion venting component 140 is provided on a first side of the second housing 120. The first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 are located at different positions on the corresponding first side along the extending direction of the first side. Since the first side is adjacent to the upper top surface S0, the extending direction of the first side intersects the gravitational direction X. The first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 also have a lateral distance in the extending direction. For the flame vented by the first explosion venting component 130 to be transmitted to the second explosion venting component 140, in addition to needing to be displaced a distance h along the gravitational direction X, it also needs to be displaced a lateral distance along the aforementioned extending direction, thereby increasing the communication distance between the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140.

[0072] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 6 Taking the first side as the front side S1 as an example, in the extension direction Y of the front side S1, the first explosion relief component 130 and the second explosion relief component 140 are located at different positions on the front side S1.

[0074] It should be noted that the first side can also be other circumferential sides of the shell, such as the back side S2, the left side S3, the right side S4, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 100 may further include a third housing distributed along the X direction with the first housing 110, a fourth housing distributed along the Y direction with the first housing 110, etc., wherein the third housing and the fourth housing are both located on the same layer as the first housing 110 in the height direction X direction. To prevent the transmission of flame from the explosion-venting components between adjacent housings on the same layer, the first explosion-venting component 130 of the first housing 110 may be offset on the first side along the extension direction of the first side. In some embodiments, when the third housing and / or the fourth housing also have other housings on their upper side along the X direction, the other housings are located on the same layer as the second housing 120, and the second explosion-venting component 140 of the second housing 120 may also be offset on the first side along the extension direction of the first side.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 6 Taking the first side as the front side S1 as an example, the first explosion venting component 130 is offset to the right along the Y direction on the front side S1, and the second explosion venting component 140 is offset to the left along the Y direction on the front side S1. When another set of shells with the same structure (e.g., the third shell and the fourth shell) is set opposite the first shell 110 and the second shell 120, and the front side of the other set of shells is opposite to the front side S1 of the first shell 110 and the second shell 120, the explosion venting component of the lower shell of the other set of shells is offset to the left along the Y direction on the front side of the shell, and is offset from the first explosion venting component 130 of the first shell 110; the explosion venting component of the upper shell of the other set of shells is offset to the right along the Y direction on the front side of the shell, and is offset from the second explosion venting component 140 of the second shell 120. By staggering the explosion venting structures on opposite sides of adjacent shells within the same layer, the flames vented by the explosion venting components of the lower shell are prevented from directly impacting the first explosion venting component 130 of the first shell 110, and the flames vented by the explosion venting components of the upper shell are prevented from directly impacting the second explosion venting component 140 of the second shell 120, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway within the same layer.

[0077] In some embodiments, when the second housing 120 is located at the top layer in the gravity direction X, the upper side S0 of the second housing 120 is not obstructed, and the second explosion venting component 140 can be disposed on the upper side S0 of the second housing 120. That is, the first side of the first housing 110 is provided with the first explosion venting component 130, and the upper side S0 of the second housing 120 is provided with the second explosion venting component 140, so that the first explosion venting component 130 and the second explosion venting component 140 are located on different sides.

[0078] Figure 7 This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 7 Taking the first side as the front side S1 as an example, the front side S1 of the first housing 110 is provided with a first explosion relief component 130, and the upper side S0 of the second housing 120 is provided with a second explosion relief component 140.

[0080] Figure 8A This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 8B yes Figure 8A Another structural diagram from the perspective of the image. Figure 8C yes Figure 8A A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0081] Please refer to Figures 8A-8CIn some embodiments, the first housing 110 and / or the second housing includes a door surface (not shown) adjacent to the upper side surface S0. The door surface can be opened or closed to open or close the space within the corresponding housing. In some embodiments, the door surface may be located on the front side surface S1.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first housing 110 is located at the bottom in the gravity direction X, and the first explosion relief component 130 can be disposed on the side of the first housing 110 opposite to the door surface (e.g., the back side S2), thereby preventing the explosion relief component (first explosion relief component 130) at the bottom from injuring the surrounding people when it explodes.

[0083] At this time, the second explosion venting component 140 of the second housing 120 can be disposed on the same side (e.g., the back side S2) as the first explosion venting component 130 and the positions of the components are offset from each other in the direction of extension of the side. The second explosion venting component 140 can also be disposed on other sides (e.g., the front side S1, the left side S3, the right side S4, and the upper side S0).

[0084] Figure 9A This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 9B yes Figure 9A A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 9A and Figure 9B In some embodiments, a flaming structure 160 is provided on the side of the first housing 110 opposite to the door surface (e.g., the back side S2), and the first explosion venting component 130 is located within the flaming structure 160. The flaming structure 160 is designed to collect and guide the flames vented by the first explosion venting component 130, preventing the flames from injuring surrounding people or spreading to other adjacent housings on the same floor, thus avoiding injury and reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 9B In some embodiments, when the second housing 120 is located at the top layer in the gravity direction X, the top of the ignition-conducting structure 160 is higher than the upper side S0 of the second housing 120 in the gravity direction X. Through this design, the flame vented by the first explosion-venting component 130 can be guided upwards in the gravity direction X, controlling the flame direction, preventing injury, and preventing the spread of thermal runaway within the same layer. Furthermore, it can also prevent the flame vented by the first explosion-venting component 130 from entering the second housing 120, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway between different layers.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 9B ,exist Figure 9BIn this configuration, the first explosion venting component 130 is in the open state. In some embodiments, the size of the ignition structure 160 (e.g., the distance between the ignition structure 160 and the back side S2 where the first explosion venting component 130 is located) is larger than the size of the explosion venting component when it is open, ensuring that the explosion venting component can function normally.

[0088] It should be noted that although the foregoing only provides an embodiment with an explosion venting structure on one side of the casing, it is understood that the casing may have an explosion venting structure on at least one side, and each side may have at least one explosion venting structure. The aforementioned design requirements are also satisfied between the explosion venting structures of the casing in the X-direction of gravity.

[0089] For example, the front side S1 of the first housing 110 is provided with two first explosion venting components 130, the right side S4 of the first housing 110 is provided with one first explosion venting component 130, and the upper side S0 or the back side S2 of the second housing 120 is provided with three second explosion venting components 140. Furthermore, the top of the front side S1 and the right side S4 of the first housing 110 may also be provided with fireproof components 150.

[0090] For example, the back side S2 of the first housing 110 is provided with one first explosion venting component 130, the back side S2 of the second housing 120 is provided with two second explosion venting components 140, and the front side S1 of the second housing 120 is provided with two second explosion venting components 140. Specifically, in the extending direction Y of the back side S2, the one first explosion venting component 130 is offset to the right on the back side S2 of the first housing 110, and the two second explosion venting components 140 are offset to the left on the back side S2 of the second housing 120. In the extending direction Y of the back side S2, the one first explosion venting component 130 and the two second explosion venting components 140 are located at different positions on the corresponding back side S2.

[0091] It should also be noted that although the foregoing only describes an embodiment where the energy storage device 100 has two shells, it is understood that the energy storage device 100 may also include a fifth shell distributed along the gravitational X direction, and other additional shells. In the X direction, the fifth shell may be located below the first shell 110, between the first shell 110 and the second shell 120, or on top of the second shell 120. The aforementioned design requirements are also met among the explosion-venting structures of the multiple shells in the X direction.

[0092] For example, when the fifth housing is located between the first housing 110 and the second housing 120, the back side S2 of the first housing 110 is provided with two first explosion venting components 130, the left side S3 of the fifth housing is provided with one corresponding explosion venting component, and the upper side S0 of the second housing 120 is provided with three second explosion venting components 140. Furthermore, fireproof components 150 may also be provided at the top of the front side S1 of the first housing 110 and the top of the left side S3 of the fifth housing.

[0093] Figure 10A This is another structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device according to one or more embodiments. Figure 10B yes Figure 10A A structural diagram from another perspective.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 10A and Figure 10B In some embodiments, the housing of the energy storage device 100 may further include an air intake assembly 170. In the X-direction of gravity, the air intake assembly 170 and the second explosion venting component 140, located on the same side of the same housing, are linearly distributed. That is, the air intake assembly 170 and the second explosion venting component 140 are distributed along the X-direction of gravity. This arrangement prevents flames vented from the explosion venting component of the lower housing (e.g., the first housing 110) from entering the upper housing (e.g., the second housing) through the air intake assembly 170, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway.

[0095] In some embodiments, on the same side of the same housing, in the X direction of gravity, the air intake assembly 170 is located below the second explosion venting component 140, such as... Figure 10B As shown. With the aforementioned configuration, flames vented from the explosion venting components of the casing can be prevented from re-entering the casing through the air intake assembly 170, ensuring the pressure relief effect of the explosion venting components and preventing the casing from disintegrating.

[0096] The beneficial effects that the embodiments of this specification may bring include, but are not limited to: (1) by designing the ratio of the communication distance between different layers of explosion-proof components to the distance between them in the direction of gravity to be at least greater than 1.1, the flames escaping from the lower explosion-proof component are prevented from burning the upper explosion-proof component, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway; (2) by setting a fireproof component on the top of the side of the first shell where the first explosion-proof component is located, the spread of thermal runaway can be prevented, and the specifications of the first shell and the second shell can be consistent, reducing design and production costs and operational complexity; (3) the first explosion-proof component of the bottom first shell is located on the side opposite to the door surface, which can prevent the explosion-proof component of the bottom shell from injuring the surrounding people when it explodes; (4) a fire-guiding structure is set on the side of the bottom first shell where the first explosion-proof component is located, which can collect and guide the flames escaping from the first explosion-proof component, preventing injury and reducing the risk of thermal runaway spread. It should be noted that different embodiments may produce different beneficial effects. In different embodiments, the beneficial effects that may be produced can be any one or a combination of the above, or any other possible beneficial effects.

[0097] The preferred embodiments of this specification have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts in this specification without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concepts in this specification through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, It includes at least a first housing and a second housing arranged along the direction of gravity, the first housing and the second housing respectively housing an energy storage battery, the first housing having a first explosion venting component, the second housing having a second explosion venting component, and the ratio of the communication distance between the first explosion venting component and the second explosion venting component to the distance between the two in the direction of gravity being at least greater than 1.

1.

2. The energy storage device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing is located below the second housing in the direction of gravity. The first housing includes a side with the first explosion relief component, and a fireproof component is provided at the top of the side in the direction of gravity.

3. The energy storage device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Both the first housing and the second housing include an upper side surface along the direction of gravity and a first side surface adjacent to the upper side surface. The first side surface of the first housing is provided with the first explosion venting component, and the first side surface of the second housing is provided with the second explosion venting component. In the extending direction of the first side, the first explosion venting component and the second explosion venting component are located at different positions on the corresponding first side, and the extending direction of the first side intersects the direction of gravity.

4. The energy storage device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the extending direction of the first side, the first explosion venting component is offset on the first side of the first housing, and the second explosion venting component is offset on the first side of the second housing.

5. The energy storage device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Both the first housing and the second housing include an upper side surface along the direction of gravity. Both the first housing and the second housing include a first side surface and a second side surface adjacent to the upper side surface. The first side surface and the second side surface are adjacent to or opposite to each other. The first side surface of the first housing is provided with the first explosion venting component, and the second side surface of the second housing is provided with the second explosion venting component.

6. The energy storage device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Both the first housing and the second housing include an upper side surface along the direction of gravity and a first side surface adjacent to the upper side surface; the second housing is located at the top layer in the direction of gravity, the first side surface of the first housing is provided with the first explosion venting component, and the upper side surface of the second housing is provided with the second explosion venting component.

7. The energy storage device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first housing is located at the bottom in the direction of gravity, the first housing includes an upper side surface along the direction of gravity, the first housing includes a door surface adjacent to the upper side surface; the first explosion relief component is provided on the side of the first housing opposite to the door surface.

8. The energy storage device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first housing has a fire-conducting structure on the side opposite to the door body, and the first explosion-proof component is located inside the fire-conducting structure.

9. The energy storage device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second housing is located at the top layer in the direction of gravity, and the second housing includes an upper side surface along the direction of gravity, in which the top of the ignition structure is higher than the upper side surface of the second housing.

10. The energy storage device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second housing is also provided with an air intake assembly, which is located on the same side of the second housing in the direction of gravity and is linearly distributed with the second explosion relief component.

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