Electrolyte guiding assembly for battery cell, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electrolyte guiding assemblies for battery cell, battery cell includes the multiple explosion-proof valves of being arranged in its surface and along transverse interval, electrolyte guiding assembly cover is arranged on explosion-proof valve to guide the electrolyte that sprays from explosion-proof valve flows out, electrolyte guiding assembly includes: transverse groove, extend along transverse direction, including groove bottom, the opening of transverse groove faces away from explosion-proof valve, groove bottom covers explosion-proof valve;Multiple longitudinal ducts, extend from groove bottom upwards, with explosion-proof valve one to one, every longitudinal duct includes bottom end opening and top end opening, the electrolyte that sprays from explosion-proof valve enters longitudinal duct from bottom end opening, from top end opening and flow into transverse groove, and then along transverse groove flows out.Each explosion-proof valve can be isolated by longitudinal duct, and the flow path of electrolyte is limited by longitudinal duct and transverse groove, improve battery cell safety performance.The utility model further discloses battery module and battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an electrolyte guiding component for battery cells, a battery module, and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for range and capacity from new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, battery pack energy density continues to break through, but the accompanying pressure of thermal runaway protection is also increasing. When a battery cell triggers thermal runaway due to overcharging, short circuits, or other factors, the violent internal reaction causes the electrolyte to spray out of the cell casing in a non-directional and irregular manner. The electrolyte temperature is also high, which can easily burn the wiring harness and connectors, causing short circuits and sparks. There is also a risk that the electrolyte will flow into the electrode plates, causing short circuits between adjacent electrode plates.

[0003] Most solutions to this problem involve increasing protection, such as attaching high-temperature resistant materials to the electrodes or wrapping them around the wiring harness to prevent the electrolyte from damaging the electrodes and causing a short circuit. However, this approach still carries risks. For example, some plug-in locations may be unprotected due to irregular shapes, or the electrodes may not be securely bonded, creating "protective gaps." High-temperature electrolyte can still flow through these gaps, causing a short circuit. Furthermore, this method cannot isolate the unaffected parts of the cell. If the sprayed high-temperature electrolyte spreads to the explosion-proof valve in an unaffected area, it can damage the valve, causing heat to spread and triggering a chain reaction, escalating the battery pack from a "single-point failure" to a "total failure." Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model discloses an electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell. The battery cell includes multiple explosion-proof valves disposed on its surface, which are spaced laterally. The electrolyte guiding assembly covers the explosion-proof valves to guide the electrolyte ejected from the explosion-proof valves outward. The electrolyte guiding assembly includes:

[0005] A transverse groove extends laterally, including the bottom of the groove, the opening of the transverse groove faces away from the explosion-proof valve, and the bottom of the groove covers the explosion-proof valve;

[0006] Multiple longitudinal pipes extend upwards from the bottom of the tank, each corresponding to an explosion-proof valve. Each longitudinal pipe includes:

[0007] The bottom opening is located at the bottom of the tank, surrounds the outer periphery of the corresponding explosion-proof valve, and is connected to the explosion-proof valve.

[0008] The top opening connects to the transverse groove.

[0009] The electrolyte sprayed from the explosion-proof valve enters the longitudinal pipe through the bottom opening, flows into the transverse groove through the top opening, and then flows out along the transverse groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, each explosion-proof valve can be isolated by longitudinal pipelines to prevent mutual interference between explosion-proof valves. The combination of longitudinal pipelines and transverse grooves restricts the flow path of electrolyte, guides the electrolyte to be discharged in an orderly manner, prevents the disorderly spread and splashing of electrolyte, and improves the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0011] Optionally, the electrolyte guiding assembly further includes a top cover covering the transverse groove, the top cover extending in the transverse direction, the top cover including a top wall, and the electrolyte flowing into the transverse groove from the top opening and then flowing along the transverse groove between the top wall and the bottom of the groove.

[0012] Optionally, the top cover includes a first high-temperature protective layer that covers the bottom surface of the top wall. After the electrolyte flows into the transverse groove from the top opening, it flows along the transverse groove between the first high-temperature protective layer and the bottom of the groove.

[0013] Optionally, the transverse tank further includes a second high-temperature protective layer covering the bottom of the tank. The second high-temperature protective layer has an electrolyte outlet located above the top opening. The electrolyte flows from the top opening through the electrolyte outlet and then into the transverse tank, flowing along the transverse tank between the first high-temperature protective layer and the second high-temperature protective layer.

[0014] Optionally, the electrolyte outlet is an H-shaped slot that opens when impacted by the electrolyte to allow the electrolyte to pass through.

[0015] Optionally, the first high-temperature protective layer and the second high-temperature protective layer are selected from mica paper, basalt fiber cloth, ceramicized silicone rubber and fireproof cloth, respectively.

[0016] Optionally, the top cover includes a first sidewall disposed opposite to each other in a third direction, the first sidewall extending toward the transverse groove, the first sidewall including a first folded portion extending inward along the third direction, an embedding space being formed between the opposing first folded portions, the transverse groove including a groove wall, the groove wall including a second folded portion extending outward along the third direction, the second folded portion being embedded in the embedding space, and the upper surface of the first folded portion and the lower surface of the second folded portion abutting against each other to achieve the engagement of the top cover and the transverse groove, the third direction being perpendicular to the transverse and the longitudinal directions.

[0017] Optionally, the top cover further includes a second sidewall disposed opposite to it in the lateral direction. The second sidewall is in contact with the surface of the battery cell. The second sidewall has a first mounting hole, and the surface of the battery cell has a corresponding second mounting hole. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole allow screws to pass through to fix the top cover and the battery cell together.

[0018] An embodiment of this utility model also discloses a battery module, including the above-mentioned electrolyte guiding component for battery cells.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the safety performance and reliability of battery modules can be improved.

[0020] An embodiment of this utility model also discloses a battery pack, including the above-mentioned battery module.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the safety performance and reliability of battery modules can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This diagram shows an assembly schematic of the electrolyte guiding component and the battery cell according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 An exploded view of the assembly of the electrolyte guiding component and the battery cell according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 3 This diagram shows a schematic representation of the transverse groove structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This diagram shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the second high-temperature protective layer according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 The diagram shows a schematic of the top cover structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Electrolyte guiding assembly, 2. Battery cell, 3. Explosion-proof valve, 4. Horizontal tank, 5. Tank bottom, 6. Longitudinal pipe, 7. Bottom opening,

[0029] 8. Top opening, 9. Top cover, 10. Top wall, 11. Second high temperature protection layer, 12. I-shaped seam, 13. First side wall, 14. Groove wall, 15. Second fold, 16. Second side wall, 17. First mounting hole, 18. Second mounting hole, 19. First high temperature protection layer, 20. Bottom surface. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model will be presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. To provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details will be included in the following description. This utility model may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0031] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0032] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first aspect of this utility model discloses an electrolyte guiding assembly 1 for a battery cell 2. The battery cell 2 includes a plurality of explosion-proof valves 3 disposed on its surface. The plurality of explosion-proof valves 3 are arranged at intervals along the lateral direction, wherein the lateral direction is, for example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 Direction A is shown in the diagram. The electrolyte guiding assembly 1 is mounted on top of the explosion-proof valve 3 to guide the electrolyte ejected from the explosion-proof valve 3.

[0036] Combination Figure 2 and further reference Figure 3 The electrolyte guiding assembly 1 includes:

[0037] A transverse groove 4 extends laterally and includes a groove bottom 5. The opening of the transverse groove 4 faces away from the explosion-proof valve 3, and the groove bottom 5 covers the explosion-proof valve 3.

[0038] Multiple longitudinal pipes 6 extend upwards from the bottom 5 of the tank, corresponding one-to-one with the explosion-proof valves 3. Each longitudinal pipe 6 includes a bottom opening 7 and a top opening 8. The bottom opening 7 is located at the bottom 5 of the tank, surrounds the outer periphery of the corresponding explosion-proof valve 3, and communicates with the explosion-proof valve 3. The top opening 8 communicates with the transverse tank 4. For example, the longitudinal... Figure 1 and Figure 2 Direction B is shown in the diagram.

[0039] In this configuration, the electrolyte ejected from the explosion-proof valve 3 enters the longitudinal pipe 6 through the bottom opening 7, then flows into the transverse groove 4 through the top opening 8, and finally flows out along the transverse groove 4. That is, refer to... Figure 2 As shown in path C, after the electrolyte exits the explosion-proof valve 3, it immediately enters the corresponding longitudinal pipe 6. Constrained by the channel wall of the longitudinal pipe 6, it can only travel longitudinally along this pipe. Upon leaving the longitudinal pipe 6, it continues to flow laterally in the transverse groove 4, either exiting or reaching a designated location. Each explosion-proof valve 3 is surrounded by the longitudinal pipe 6. The longitudinal pipe 6 not only forms a barrier between each explosion-proof valve and other explosion-proof valves, but also guides the electrolyte to flow in an orderly manner immediately after exiting the valve, preventing splashing. The transverse groove 4 further guides the electrolyte, constraining its direction and preventing it from deviating from the preset path in subsequent flow. This ensures the entire flow guidance process is continuous and controllable. The cooperation between the transverse groove 4 and the longitudinal pipe 6 significantly reduces the risk of thermal spread caused by disordered electrolyte diffusion, eliminating safety "dead zones."

[0040] In the specific embodiments of this utility model, reference continues to be made. Figure 1 and Figure 2 and combined Figure 5 The electrolyte guiding assembly 1 also includes a top cover 9 covering the transverse tank 4. The top cover 9 extends transversely and includes a top wall 10. After the electrolyte flows into the transverse tank 4 from the top opening 8, it flows along the transverse tank 4 between the top wall 10 and the tank bottom 5. This design further strengthens the constraint on the electrolyte. On the one hand, the top cover 9 can prevent the electrolyte from splashing upwards due to impact, shaking, or other factors when flowing in the transverse tank 4, thus preventing it from contacting other components that may be above. On the other hand, the closed flow channel formed by the top wall 10 and the tank bottom 5 can ensure that the electrolyte flows strictly along the preset path of the transverse tank 4, avoiding disorderly diffusion during the flow process, and further improving the stability and safety of the flow guidance.

[0041] In the specific embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The top cover 9 includes a first high-temperature protective layer 19, which covers the bottom surface 20 of the top wall 10. After the electrolyte flows into the transverse groove 4 from the top opening 8, it flows along the transverse groove 4 between the first high-temperature protective layer 19 and the bottom 5 of the groove. The first high-temperature protective layer 19 can be a high-temperature resistant coating applied to the bottom surface 20, or it can be other materials laid and adhered to the bottom surface 20, such as a high-temperature resistant flexible material. The flexible material can conform to the inner surface of the top cover 9 for a closer fit. Since the electrolyte sprayed from the explosion-proof valve 3 is at a high temperature, the first high-temperature protective layer 19 can directly block the contact between the high-temperature electrolyte and the top cover 9 body, preventing the top cover 9 from being damaged by high temperature. At the same time, the high-temperature resistant properties of the protective layer can also ensure that it does not crack or melt under the flushing of the electrolyte, always maintaining a closed flow channel structure and ensuring the safety and stability of the electrolyte flow process.

[0042] In the specific embodiments of this utility model, further reference is made to Figure 4 The transverse tank 4 also includes a second high-temperature protective layer 11 covering the tank bottom 5. The second high-temperature protective layer 11 has an electrolyte outlet located above the top opening 8. The electrolyte flows from the top opening 8 through the electrolyte outlet and then into the transverse tank 4, flowing between the first high-temperature protective layer 19 and the second high-temperature protective layer 11 along the transverse tank 4. The second high-temperature protective layer 11 can be a high-temperature resistant coating applied to the inner surface of the transverse tank 4, or it can be other materials laid and adhered to the inner surface of the transverse tank 4, such as a high-temperature resistant flexible material. Flexible materials can conform to the inner surface of the transverse tank 4 for a closer fit. The second high-temperature protective layer 11 directly blocks the high-temperature electrolyte from contacting the transverse tank 4 body, preventing damage to the transverse tank 4 due to high temperatures. Simultaneously, the high-temperature resistance of the protective layer ensures that it does not crack or melt under the scouring of the electrolyte, maintaining a closed flow channel structure and ensuring the safety and stability of the electrolyte flow process.

[0043] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electrolyte outlet is an I-beam slit 12, meaning the second high-temperature protective layer 11 completely covers the top opening 8, but there are pre-set gaps in the second high-temperature protective layer 11, and these gaps are directly opposite the top opening 8. The I-beam slit 12 opens when impacted by the electrolyte to allow the electrolyte to pass through. That is, the I-beam slit 12 is normally closed, and only opens when the electrolyte is sprayed out and impacts the I-beam slit 12. With this configuration, the I-beam slit 12 can initially block the electrolyte when it comes into contact with it, reducing the electrolyte's movement speed and buffering the impact force of the electrolyte.

[0044] Specifically, the first high-temperature protective layer and the second high-temperature protective layer are selected from mica paper, basalt fiber cloth, ceramicized silicone rubber and fireproof cloth, respectively. These materials can better fit the shape of the inner surface of the transverse groove 4 and the inner surface of the top cover 9, and can serve as reliable high-temperature barriers.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the top cover 9 includes a first sidewall 13 disposed opposite to each other in a third direction. The first sidewall 13 extends toward the transverse groove 4. The first sidewall 13 includes a first folded portion (not shown) extending inward in a third direction. An embedding space is formed between the opposing first folded portions. The transverse groove 4 includes a groove wall 14 extending toward the top cover 9. The groove wall 14 includes a second folded portion 15 extending outward in a third direction. The second folded portion 15 is embedded in the embedding space. The upper surface of the first folded portion and the lower surface of the second folded portion 15 abut against each other to achieve engagement between the top cover 9 and the transverse groove 4. The third direction is perpendicular to both the transverse and longitudinal directions, for example, is... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in direction D. That is, the first sidewall 13 is generally L-shaped, and the groove wall 14 is generally inverted L-shaped. The shorter sides of the L and the inverted L are in contact with each other, so that the first sidewall 13 and the groove wall 14 can be engaged through surface contact, thereby engaging the top cover 9 and the transverse groove 4.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, and in combination Figure 5 The top cover 9 also includes a second sidewall 16 disposed opposite to it in the lateral direction. The second sidewall 16 is in contact with the surface of the battery cell 2. The second sidewall 16 has a first mounting hole 17, and the surface of the battery cell 2 has a corresponding second mounting hole 18. The first mounting hole 17 and the second mounting hole 18 allow screws to pass through to fix the top cover 9 and the battery cell 2 together.

[0047] With this setup, the transverse slot 4 and the top cover 9 are first joined together. By fixing the top cover 9 to the battery cell 2, the transverse slot 4 is also fixed to the battery cell 2, resulting in a stable and reliable connection.

[0048] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the battery cell is provided with an array of n rows and m columns of explosion-proof valves. Each row of explosion-proof valves can be provided with an electrolyte guiding component to form complete protection and fully isolate each explosion-proof valve.

[0049] The second aspect of this utility model discloses a battery module, including the electrolyte guiding assembly for the battery cell described in the above embodiments. The safety performance of the battery module is guaranteed, and it has high reliability and stability.

[0050] The third aspect of this utility model discloses a battery pack including the aforementioned battery module. The battery pack's safety performance is guaranteed, exhibiting high reliability and stability.

[0051] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell, characterized in that, The battery cell includes a plurality of explosion-proof valves disposed on the surface of the battery cell, the plurality of explosion-proof valves being arranged laterally at intervals, and an electrolyte guiding assembly covering the explosion-proof valves to guide the electrolyte ejected from the explosion-proof valves to flow out, the electrolyte guiding assembly including: A transverse groove, extending in the transverse direction, including a groove bottom, the opening of the transverse groove facing away from the explosion-proof valve, and the groove bottom covering the explosion-proof valve; Multiple longitudinal pipes extend upward from the bottom of the tank, each corresponding to one of the explosion-proof valves. Each longitudinal pipe includes: The bottom opening is located at the bottom of the groove, surrounds the outer periphery of the corresponding explosion-proof valve, and communicates with the explosion-proof valve. The top opening communicates with the transverse groove; The electrolyte ejected from the explosion-proof valve enters the longitudinal pipe through the bottom opening, flows into the transverse groove through the top opening, and then flows out along the transverse groove.

2. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolyte guiding assembly also includes a top cover covering the transverse groove, the top cover extending along the transverse direction, the top cover including a top wall, and the electrolyte flowing into the transverse groove from the top opening and then flowing along the transverse groove between the top wall and the bottom of the groove.

3. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top cover includes a first high-temperature protective layer that covers the bottom surface of the top wall. After the electrolyte flows into the transverse groove from the top opening, it flows along the transverse groove between the first high-temperature protective layer and the bottom of the groove.

4. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse tank also includes a second high-temperature protective layer covering the bottom of the tank. The second high-temperature protective layer has an electrolyte outlet located above the top opening. The electrolyte flows from the top opening through the electrolyte outlet and then into the transverse tank, flowing along the transverse tank between the first high-temperature protective layer and the second high-temperature protective layer.

5. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The electrolyte outlet is an H-shaped slot, which opens when impacted by the electrolyte to allow the electrolyte to pass through.

6. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first high-temperature protective layer and the second high-temperature protective layer are respectively selected from mica paper, basalt fiber cloth, ceramicized silicone rubber and fireproof cloth.

7. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The top cover includes a first sidewall disposed opposite to each other in a third direction, the first sidewall extending toward the transverse groove, the first sidewall including a first folded portion extending inward along the third direction, an embedding space being formed between the opposing first folded portions, the transverse groove including a groove wall, the groove wall including a second folded portion extending outward along the third direction, the second folded portion being embedded in the embedding space, and the upper surface of the first folded portion and the lower surface of the second folded portion abutting against each other to achieve the engagement of the top cover and the transverse groove, the third direction being perpendicular to the transverse and the longitudinal directions.

8. The electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The top cover also includes a second sidewall disposed opposite to it in the lateral direction. The second sidewall is in contact with the surface of the battery cell. The second sidewall has a first mounting hole, and the surface of the battery cell has a corresponding second mounting hole. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole allow screws to pass through to fix the top cover and the battery cell together.

9. A battery module, characterized in that, Includes an electrolyte guiding assembly for a battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery module as described in claim 9.

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