A thermal runaway protection system and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of thermal runaway protection system and battery pack, wherein, the thermal runaway protection system includes: box, a containing space is formed in box, containing space is used to accommodate at least one battery module, exhaust structure is provided on box;First beam component, first beam component is set to the inside of box;First beam component includes: two first beam body and plate body, the both sides of plate body are respectively fixedly connected with two first beam body;The lower surface of plate body and the inner bottom surface of box form at least one first channel, first channel is communicated with exhaust structure. Through the application of the utility model, the gas of cell thermal runaway exclusion is guided directionally and quickly discharged by exhaust structure on box under the cooperation of first beam component and second beam component, and it is guaranteed that high-temperature thermal runaway gas generated in single cell does not directly affect other adjacent cells, improve the safety of battery pack, and improve the mechanical strength of box by the setting of beam component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a thermal runaway protection system and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, cylindrical battery cell modules are widely used in power battery systems due to their high energy density. However, traditional battery pack housing designs generally have certain deficiencies in thermal runaway protection. Especially when a single cell experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gas can easily diffuse uncontrollably through the gaps in the internal structure of the housing, triggering a chain reaction failure of adjacent cells and resulting in insufficient battery pack safety performance. Furthermore, existing thermal runaway protection structures struggle to balance mechanical strength and thermal protection requirements, making them prone to deformation and failure under mechanical impact. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a thermal runaway protection system, comprising:

[0004] The housing has a receiving space inside, which is used to receive at least one battery module, and the housing is provided with an exhaust structure.

[0005] The first beam assembly is disposed inside the housing;

[0006] The first beam assembly includes two first beams and a plate, wherein the two sides of the plate are fixedly connected to the two first beams respectively;

[0007] At least one first channel is formed between the lower surface of the plate and the inner bottom surface of the box, and the first channel is connected to the exhaust structure.

[0008] The plate has several first through holes, one end of which is connected to the first channel, and the other end of which is used to receive the gas generated by the battery module.

[0009] In another preferred embodiment, the lower surface of the plate is formed with at least one protrusion, and a first channel is formed between adjacent protrusions and the first beam and / or between two adjacent protrusions.

[0010] In another preferred embodiment, it further includes: a second beam assembly having at least one second channel formed thereon, the first channel being connected to the exhaust structure via the second channel.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the second beam assembly includes: at least one second beam body disposed on the upper surface of one end of the plate body, and the second beam body disposed between the two first beam bodies.

[0012] In another preferred embodiment, one end of the plate is recessed to form at least a first notch, the lower end of the second beam is provided with a second notch, the first notch and the second notch are connected to each other, and a third notch is provided on one side of the second beam along the horizontal direction, the third notch is connected to the second notch, and the third notch is connected to the exhaust structure.

[0013] In another preferred embodiment, the battery module includes at least a plurality of cells, each of which is disposed opposite to one of the first through holes.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust structure includes: a first explosion-proof valve, and at least one second through hole is provided on the housing, the first explosion-proof valve is installed at the second through hole, and the second through hole communicates with the first channel.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the exhaust structure further includes a baffle, a portion of which is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing, and a gap is formed between the other portion of the baffle and the outside of the housing, with the other portion of the baffle facing the second through hole.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the device further includes a separator disposed between the battery module and the plate body, the separator having a plurality of weak portions, each of the weak portions being disposed directly opposite a first through hole.

[0017] The purpose of this utility model is also to provide a battery pack, including the thermal runaway protection system described in any one of the above.

[0018] Because this utility model adopts the above-mentioned technical solution, it has the following positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] By applying this utility model, a thermal runaway protection system suitable for battery packs is provided. With the cooperation of the first beam assembly and the second beam assembly, the gas released from the thermal runaway of the battery cell is directionally guided and quickly discharged by the exhaust structure on the housing. It also ensures that the high-temperature thermal runaway gas generated in a single battery cell will not directly affect other adjacent battery cells, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack. At the same time, the mechanical strength of the housing is improved by the setting of the beam assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an explosion diagram of a thermal runaway protection system according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a first schematic diagram of the first beam assembly of a thermal runaway protection system according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the first beam assembly of a thermal runaway protection system according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a first schematic diagram of the second beam assembly of a thermal runaway protection system according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a second schematic diagram of the second beam assembly of a thermal runaway protection system according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the second beam assembly of a thermal runaway protection system according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a partition in a thermal runaway protection system according to the present invention.

[0027] In the attached image:

[0028] 1. Housing; 2. Battery module; 3. Exhaust structure; 4. First beam assembly; 5. First beam body; 6. Plate; 7. First channel; 8. First through hole; 9. Protrusion; 10. Second beam assembly; 11. Second beam body; 12. First notch; 13. Second notch; 14. Third notch; 15. Stop; 16. First explosion-proof valve; 17. Second through hole; 18. Baffle; 19. Partition; 20. Weak part; 21. Cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "back", "horizontal", and "vertical" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0031] It should be specifically noted that the "horizontal" and "vertical" in the present utility model are used to illustrate the approximate positional relationship, rather than the strict "horizontal plane" or "vertical plane".

[0032] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a thermal runaway protection system of a preferred embodiment is shown, including: a box body 1, an accommodation space is formed inside the box body 1, the accommodation space is used to accommodate at least one battery module 2, and an exhaust structure 3 is provided on the box body 1; a first beam assembly 4, the first beam assembly 4 is arranged inside the box body 1. Further, both the first beam assembly 4 and the battery module 2 are arranged in the accommodation space, and the battery module 2 is located above the first beam assembly 4. The first beam assembly 4 at least forms a support for the battery module 2, and the exhaust structure 3 is used to discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the box body 1 towards the outside of the box body 1.

[0033] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the first beam assembly 4 includes: two first beam bodies 5 and a plate body 6, both sides of the plate body 6 are fixedly connected to the two first beam bodies 5 respectively; at least one first channel 7 is formed between the lower surface of the plate body 6 and the inner bottom surface of the box body 1, and the first channel 7 is communicated with the exhaust structure 3; a plurality of first through holes 8 are formed on the plate body 6, one end of the first through hole 8 is communicated with the first channel 7, and the other end of the first through hole 8 is used to receive the gas generated by the battery module 2. Further, the first through hole 8 is used to guide the high-temperature and high-pressure gas emitted by the battery module 2 above the plate body 6 in a thermal runaway state to enter the first channel 7 from top to bottom, and move along the length direction of the first channel 7 until it directly or indirectly discharges from the exhaust structure 3 out of the box body 1; wherein, the two first beam bodies 5 preferably abut against the inner bottom surface of the box body 1 and form a seal on both sides of the first channel 7, and a certain distance is maintained between the lower surface of the plate body 6 and the inner bottom surface of the box body 1 to form the first channel 7.

[0034] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the first through hole 8 has a circular hole structure.

[0035] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the first beam body 5 and the plate body 6 can be integrally formed or welded after being separately formed.

[0036] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the first beam body 5 along the vertical direction is arranged in a structure like the Chinese character 'Ri' to enhance the strength of the first beam body 5.

[0037] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the plate body 6 is preferably arranged in a structure of a rectangular plate body 6 extending along the horizontal direction.

[0038] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, at least one protrusion 9 is formed on the lower surface of the plate 6, and a first channel 7 is formed between adjacent protrusions 9 and the first beam 5 and / or between two adjacent protrusions 9. Further, the protrusion 9 is formed by locally deforming the plate 6 downwards through stamping or rolling, and the protrusion 9 extends at least along the entire length of the plate 6, thereby forming multiple parallel first channels 7. These multiple first channels 7 are spaced apart to prevent the cells corresponding to adjacent first channels 7 from directly affecting each other during thermal runaway, and the design of the protrusion 9 also enhances its resistance to deformation.

[0039] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the protrusion 9 is preferably arranged in an inverted zigzag shape.

[0040] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, further, in a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a second beam assembly 10, on which at least one second channel is formed, and the first channel 7 is connected to the exhaust structure 3 through the second channel. Furthermore, the second beam assembly 10 forms an indirect connection between the first channel 7 and the exhaust structure 3, and the arrangement of the second beam assembly 10 further improves the strength of the housing 1.

[0041] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the first beam assembly 4 extends along a first direction, and the second beam assembly 10 extends along a second direction.

[0042] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the first direction and the second direction form a certain angle.

[0043] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is preferably 90 degrees.

[0044] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a first beam 5, a plate 6, and another first beam 5 are arranged sequentially along a second direction.

[0045] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the first beam 5, the plate 6, and the first channel 7 are all arranged to extend along the first direction.

[0046] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, both the first direction and the second direction extend horizontally.

[0047] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a plurality of first channels 7 are preferably arranged sequentially along the second direction.

[0048] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the second beam assembly 10 includes at least one second beam body 11, which is disposed on the upper surface of one end of the plate 6 and between the two first beam bodies 5.

[0049] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the second beam body 11 in the vertical direction is arranged in a structure like the Chinese character 'Ri' to enhance the strength of the first beam body 5.

[0050] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the number of the second beam bodies 11 is two, and the two second beam bodies 11 are respectively arranged at both ends of the first beam assembly 4.

[0051] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the two second beam bodies 11 and the two first beam bodies 5 together form a structure like the Chinese character 'Hui'.

[0052] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the first beam body 5 and the second beam body 11 are fixedly welded together.

[0053] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the first beam assembly 4 and the second beam assembly 10 are preferably made of roll-pressed steel or high-strength steel.

[0054] Further, as a preferred embodiment, at least one first notch 12 is formed by concave inward at one end of the plate body 6, a second notch 13 is formed at the lower end of the second beam body 11, the first notch 12 and the second notch 13 are对接 (it should be 'butted' in English), a third notch 14 is formed on one side of the second beam body 11 in the horizontal direction, the third notch 14 is connected with the second notch 13, and the third notch 14 is butted with the exhaust structure 3. Further, through the setting of the first notch 12, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the first channel 7 is allowed to pass through the plate body 6 from bottom to top and enter the second beam body 11 through the second notch 13. The second notch 13 is preferably arranged on the bottom surface of the second beam body 11. After entering the second beam body 11, it moves horizontally towards the exhaust structure 3 through the third notch 14, and the gas is discharged outward at a position higher than the first channel 7. This also enables the exhaust structure 3 not to be opened at the edge of the lower surface of the box body 1, thereby reducing the structural strength of the box body 1.

[0055] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the first notch 12 and the second notch 13 are approximately arranged in a semi-circular structure.

[0056] Further, as a preferred embodiment, the inner edges of the second notch 13 and the inner edges of the third notch 14 are preferably continuously arranged.

[0057] Further, as a preferred embodiment, it further includes: a baffle 15, the baffle 15 is arranged in the second beam body 11, and the interior of the second beam body 11 is sequentially separated into several cavities along the length direction. Preferably, a second notch 13 and a third notch 14 are correspondingly formed at each cavity. The cavity can have a certain internal space to form a buffer for the rapid discharge of the gas, and can also be used to install other functional components.

[0058] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the battery module 2 includes at least a plurality of battery cells, each of which is disposed opposite a first through hole 8.

[0059] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, each battery cell preferably has a second explosion-proof valve at its lower end, so that the second explosion-proof valve opens to allow gas to be released when a problem occurs inside the battery cell.

[0060] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the battery cell is preferably a cylindrical battery cell.

[0061] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the exhaust structure 3 includes: a first explosion-proof valve 16, and at least one second through hole 17 is provided on the housing 1. The first explosion-proof valve 16 is installed at the second through hole 17, and the second through hole 17 communicates with the first channel 7. Furthermore, the first explosion-proof valve 16 allows the gas flowing in the first channel 7 and / or the second channel to be released.

[0062] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, each first channel 7 is provided with a corresponding second through hole 17, and each first channel 7 may be provided with a plurality of first through holes 8.

[0063] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the exhaust structure 3 further includes a baffle 18, a portion of which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the housing 1, and a gap is formed between the other portion of the baffle 18 and the outer side of the housing 1. The other portion of the baffle 18 is positioned directly opposite the second through hole 17. Furthermore, the baffle 18 blocks the gas released from the second through hole 17 and preferably causes it to move downwards, thereby preventing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas from being directly sprayed onto the lower body of the occupants when exhaust is required due to thermal runaway of the battery pack in the chassis of vehicles such as electric vehicles.

[0064] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the baffle 18 is arranged in an inverted L-shaped structure, having interconnected horizontal and vertical sections. The horizontal section is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the vertical section is used to face the second through hole 17.

[0065] like Figure 7As shown, further, as a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a separator 19, which is disposed between the battery module 2 and the plate 6. The separator 19 has several weak points 20, each of which is directly opposite a first through hole 8. Furthermore, the separator 19 provides certain protection for several cells located in the same first channel 7, preventing one cell in the same first channel 7 from directly affecting adjacent cells during thermal runaway. The weak points 20 are used to open when the corresponding cell generates high-temperature, high-pressure gas to allow gas flow, and to prevent gas from flowing back from the first channel 7 to affect the corresponding cell when the cell is normal. The weak points 20 can be considered as an additional second explosion-proof valve.

[0066] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the weak portion 20 is formed by locally thinning the thickness of the partition 19.

[0067] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the weak part 20 is preferably arranged in a C-shaped structure.

[0068] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the partition 19 is preferably made of mica material.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the implementation method and protection scope of the present utility model.

[0070] Based on the above, this utility model also has the following embodiments:

[0071] In a further embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack includes a thermal runaway protection system comprising any one of the above-described embodiments.

[0072] In a further embodiment of this utility model, it further includes: a cover plate 21, which is disposed at the upper end of the box body 1, the upper end of the box body 1 being open, and the cover plate 21 being used to close the accommodating space. Further, the cover plate 21 and the box body 1 together form an approximately rectangular structure.

[0073] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the cover plate 21 is preferably made of aluminum, steel, or non-metallic materials.

[0074] In a further embodiment of this utility model, it also includes: a smoke sensor, which can be set at the first channel 7 or the second channel or near the second through hole 17 or in the cavity to obtain information on whether smoke is generated inside the box 1, thereby knowing whether a thermal runaway problem has occurred.

[0075] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the smoke sensor is communicatively connected to a control system, which is used to cut off the power supply to the battery pack based on the information obtained by the smoke sensor. Preferably, the control system also has the function of alarming the user.

[0076] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion-proof valve 16 may be a valve structure that can be selectively controlled to open and close, and the control system may also be used to control the opening and closing of the valve structure.

[0077] In a further embodiment of this invention, a heat-insulating coating is provided on the outer surface and / or inner surface of the housing 1. Furthermore, the heat-insulating coating ensures that the high-temperature gas generated during thermal runaway will not damage or burn through the housing 1.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the implementation method and protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should realize that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway protection system, characterized in that, include: The housing has a receiving space inside, which is used to receive at least one battery module, and the housing is provided with an exhaust structure. The first beam assembly is disposed inside the housing; The first beam assembly includes two first beams and a plate, wherein the two sides of the plate are fixedly connected to the two first beams respectively; At least one first channel is formed between the lower surface of the plate and the inner bottom surface of the box, and the first channel is connected to the exhaust structure. The plate has several first through holes, one end of which is connected to the first channel, and the other end of which is used to receive the gas generated by the battery module.

2. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the plate has at least one protrusion, and a first channel is formed between adjacent protrusions and the first beam and / or between two adjacent protrusions.

3. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second beam assembly has at least one second channel formed thereon, and the first channel is connected to the exhaust structure through the second channel.

4. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second beam assembly includes: at least one second beam body disposed on the upper surface of one end of the plate body, and the second beam body disposed between the two first beam bodies.

5. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the plate is recessed to form at least one first notch, and the lower end of the second beam is provided with a second notch. The first notch and the second notch are connected to each other. A third notch is provided on one side of the second beam along the horizontal direction. The third notch is connected to the second notch and is connected to the exhaust structure.

6. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module includes at least a number of cells, and each cell is disposed opposite to a first through hole.

7. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust structure includes: a first explosion-proof valve, and at least one second through hole is provided on the housing. The first explosion-proof valve is installed at the second through hole, and the second through hole is connected to the first channel.

8. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exhaust structure further includes a baffle, a portion of which is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing, and a gap is formed between the other portion of the baffle and the outside of the housing, with the other portion of the baffle facing the second through hole.

9. The thermal runaway protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A separator is disposed between the battery module and the plate body. The separator has several weak parts, and each weak part is disposed opposite to a first through hole.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection system includes any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images