Multi-tower pressure swing adsorption type nitrogen generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-tower pressure swing adsorption type nitrogen generator, it is related to gas separation equipment technical field, including nitrogen storage tank, integrated gas path module and adsorption component, the adsorption component includes six adsorption towers, the outer wall of adsorption tower is wrapped with heat preservation layer, the tower import and tower export through heat preservation layer are respectively installed in the lower part and upper part of the outer wall of adsorption tower, the top and bottom of adsorption tower are provided with conical porous plate, the cavity formed by conical porous plate is layered filled with adsorbent bed layer.The utility model is equipped with adsorption component, realizes the function of improving the purity of nitrogen made, eliminates adsorption empty window period by asynchronous cycle design, improves flow continuity, data feedback industrial PLC carries out real-time regulation and control, reduces nitrogen purity fluctuation, satisfies high-purity nitrogen demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas separation equipment technology, specifically a multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator. Background Technology

[0002] Nitrogen generators use air as raw material to separate oxygen and nitrogen to obtain high-purity nitrogen. They are mainly used in fields such as oil extraction, coal chemical industry, salt chemical industry and natural gas chemical industry. Nitrogen generators are the guardians of modern industry. The purity and recovery efficiency of nitrogen are important factors affecting industrial safety production. Existing traditional dual-tower PSA nitrogen generators suffer from low nitrogen concentration, low recovery efficiency, and high energy consumption. A single system cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high purity and high flow rate, has poor equipment redundancy, and a single tower failure can lead to the shutdown of the entire machine. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator to solve the technical problem of low nitrogen concentration mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator, comprising a nitrogen storage tank, an integrated gas path module, and an adsorption assembly, wherein the adsorption assembly comprises six adsorption towers; The adsorption tower includes: a tower inlet, a tower outlet, a conical porous plate, an adsorbent bed, and an insulation layer; The outer wall of the adsorption tower is wrapped with a heat insulation layer. The tower inlet and outlet penetrate the heat insulation layer and are installed at the lower and upper parts of the outer wall of the adsorption tower, respectively. The top and bottom of the adsorption tower are provided with conical porous plates. The pore size of the conical porous plates is distributed in a gradient, with denser pores in the middle and sparser pores at the edges. The cavity formed by the conical porous plates is filled with adsorbent beds in layers. The bottom layer of adsorbent bed is a large particle carbon molecular sieve, and the top layer is a microporous particle carbon molecular sieve.

[0005] Preferably, the adsorption towers are connected by pressure equalization pipelines, and each adsorption tower is independently equipped with an inlet valve, an exhaust valve and a pressure equalization valve. The inlet valve is equipped with a flow regulating valve core to control the air input, the pressure equalization valve adopts a dual-valve redundancy design to balance the pressure between towers, and the exhaust valve is used to discharge desorption waste gas.

[0006] Preferably, the six adsorption towers are arranged in a ring around the integrated gas path module. The integrated gas path module has an inlet and an outlet at both ends. The main body of the integrated gas path module is a 3D-printed stainless steel manifold, which integrates five sets of multi-level flow channels. The multi-level flow channels adopt a biomimetic spiral flow guide design to reduce turbulence in the flow channels. A sensor array is embedded in the outlet to measure the temperature and pressure of nitrogen.

[0007] Preferably, the adsorption towers adopt a multi-stage pressure equalization and asynchronous cyclic timing design. The multi-stage pressure equalization design is a stepped pressure transmission from the high-pressure tower to the medium-pressure tower to the low-pressure tower to reduce energy consumption. The asynchronous cyclic timing design is that the working phase difference between each adjacent adsorption tower is 60°, and the tower state rotates according to the time sequence to ensure a continuous and stable output of nitrogen.

[0008] Preferably, the nitrogen storage tank has an outlet and an inlet on its upper and lower outer walls, respectively. An intelligent operation panel is installed on the front outer wall of the nitrogen storage tank. The intelligent operation panel has a built-in industrial PLC and edge computing unit. Pressure transmitters are installed at the top of each adsorption tower. A laser oxygen analyzer is installed at the inlet of the nitrogen storage tank. A thermal conductivity meter is installed at the intersection of the pressure equalization pipeline. A temperature probe is embedded in the middle of the adsorbent bed. The pressure transmitters, laser oxygen analyzer, thermal conductivity meter, and temperature probe are connected to the intelligent operation panel via signals to perform real-time control according to the equipment status.

[0009] Preferably, the outlet of the adsorption tower is connected to the inlet at the bottom of the integrated gas circuit module via a pipeline, and the inlet of the nitrogen storage tank is connected to the outlet at the top of the integrated gas circuit module via a pipeline, thereby realizing the upstream and downstream connection of the adsorption component, the integrated gas circuit module and the nitrogen storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, an air inlet main pipe is installed horizontally at the lower part of the adsorption tower. The air inlet main pipe is connected to the tower inlet of each adsorption tower through branch pipes. An air inlet is installed at the end of the air inlet main pipe away from the adsorption tower. An air source pre-processor is installed after the air inlet. The air source pre-processor adopts a three-stage filtration design of cyclone dust removal, precision filter element and activated carbon oil removal.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model achieves the function of improving the purity of the produced nitrogen by installing an adsorption component. The asynchronous circulation design eliminates the adsorption window period, improves the continuity of flow, and the data feedback to the industrial PLC for real-time control reduces the fluctuation of nitrogen purity and meets the demand for high-purity nitrogen. 2. This utility model achieves improved nitrogen production efficiency by installing an integrated gas path module and a surrounding layout. The biomimetic manifold design and surrounding layout reduce pressure drop, and the multi-stage stepped pressure equalization design recovers pressure energy, reduces energy consumption, improves recovery efficiency, and reduces operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front part of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the layout of the adsorption component of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption tower structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated gas path module structure of this utility model.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Nitrogen storage tank; 2. Adsorption tower; 3. Integrated gas path module; 4. Main inlet pipe; 5. Inlet; 6. Gas source preprocessor; 7. Tank inlet; 8. Tank outlet; 9. Tower inlet; 10. Tower outlet; 11. Inlet valve; 12. Exhaust valve; 13. Pressure equalization valve; 14. Pressure equalization pipeline; 15. Conical perforated plate; 16. Adsorbent bed; 17. Multi-stage flow channel; 18. Inlet; 19. Outlet; 20. Sensor array; 21. Intelligent operation panel; 22. Pipeline; 23. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0015] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0016] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. Example

[0017] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator includes a nitrogen storage tank 1, an integrated gas path module 3, and an adsorption assembly. The adsorption assembly includes six adsorption towers 2. The outer wall of each adsorption tower 2 is covered with an insulation layer 23. The tower inlet 9 and tower outlet 10 penetrate the insulation layer 23 and are respectively installed at the lower and upper parts of the outer wall of the adsorption tower 2. The top and bottom of each adsorption tower 2 are provided with conical porous plates 15. The pore size of the conical porous plates 15 is distributed in a gradient, with denser pores in the middle and sparser pores at the edges. The cavity formed by the conical porous plates 15 is filled with layers of adsorbent bed 16. The adsorption towers 2 are connected by a pressure equalization pipeline 14. Each adsorption tower 2 is independently equipped with an inlet valve 11, an exhaust valve 12 and a pressure equalization valve 13. The inlet valve 11 is equipped with a flow regulating valve core to control the air input. The pressure equalization valve 13 adopts a dual-valve redundancy design to balance the pressure between the towers. The exhaust valve 12 is used to discharge the desorption waste gas. The six adsorption towers 2 are arranged in a ring around the integrated gas path module 3. The main structure of the integrated gas path module 3 is a 3D printed stainless steel manifold, which integrates five sets of multi-level flow channels 17. The multi-level flow channels 17 adopt a biomimetic spiral flow guide design to reduce turbulence in the flow channels. A sensor array 20 is embedded in the outlet 19. The adsorption towers 2 adopt a multi-stage pressure equalization and asynchronous cyclic timing design. The multi-stage pressure equalization design is a stepped pressure transmission from high pressure tower to medium pressure tower to low pressure tower to reduce energy consumption. The asynchronous cyclic timing design is that the working phase difference between each adjacent adsorption tower 2 is 60°, and the tower state rotates according to the time sequence. The nitrogen storage tank 1 is equipped with an intelligent operation panel 21 on its front outer wall. The intelligent operation panel 21 has an industrial PLC and an edge computing unit built in. Pressure transmitters are installed at the top of each tower of the adsorption tower 2. A laser oxygen analyzer is installed at the inlet 7 of the nitrogen storage tank 1. A thermal conductivity meter is installed at the intersection of the equalizing pipeline 14. A temperature probe is buried in the middle of the adsorbent bed 16. An air inlet pipe 4 is horizontally installed on the lower part of the adsorption tower 2. The air inlet pipe 4 is connected to the tower inlet 9 of each adsorption tower 2 through branch pipes. An air inlet 5 is installed at the end of the air inlet pipe 4 away from the adsorption tower 2. An air source pre-processor 6 is installed after the air inlet 5. The air source pre-processor 6 adopts a three-stage filtration design of cyclone dust removal, precision filter element and activated carbon oil removal. Furthermore, to address the demands for high purity and high flow rates, a multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator is deployed for inert gas protection in the production line. The main body of the equipment consists of six adsorption towers 2 arranged in a ring. The towers are covered with a 50 mm thick aluminum silicate insulation layer 23. The raw material air enters the air source pre-processor 6 through the air inlet 5. Cyclone dust removal removes particles larger than 5 μm, a precision filter intercepts particles of 0.01 μm, and an activated carbon bed adsorbs oil vapor to below 0.003 ppm. The purified air is then distributed to the tower inlet 9 of each tower through the main air inlet pipe 4, and the flow rate is precisely controlled by the air inlet valve 11 with a PID regulating valve core. All adsorption towers 2 adopt a modular design, which can be quickly disassembled and installed according to different process requirements. The adsorption tower 2 adopts a layered filling design. The bottom layer is laid with 3-5 mm large particle carbon molecular sieve as a coarse adsorption layer, and the top layer is filled with 0.5-1 mm microporous carbon molecular sieve to achieve deep deoxygenation. The conical porous plates 15 installed at the top and bottom of the tower are made of 304 stainless steel with laser perforation. The central area has a pore diameter of 1 mm and an opening rate of 40%, and the edge area has a pore diameter of 5 mm and an opening rate of 70%, which effectively balances the airflow distribution. The six towers operate in a 60° phase difference step cycle. When tower 1 is in the adsorption and nitrogen production period, tower 2 is pressure equalization and depressurization, tower 3 is desorption, tower 4 is flushing, tower 5 is pressure equalization and pressurization, and tower 6 is on standby. The cycle is repeated every 120 seconds to eliminate the window period and achieve continuous nitrogen output. The 0.8 MPa high-pressure tower transfers energy to the 0.5 MPa medium-pressure tower through the equalization pipeline 14, and then transfers it in a stepped manner to the 0.3 MPa low-pressure tower. The stepped pressure drop design recovers pressure energy and reduces energy consumption. The produced nitrogen gas flows into the integrated gas path module 3 through the tower outlet 10. Its 3D-printed 316L stainless steel manifold has five sets of biomimetic spiral multi-level flow channels 17, which reduces pressure drop compared to the traditional design. After being detected by the sensor array 20 at the outlet 19, the nitrogen gas enters the nitrogen storage tank 1. The main inlet pipe 4, the adsorption tower 2, the integrated gas path module 3 and the nitrogen storage tank 1 are connected by the flange of the pipe 22 to realize the upstream and downstream connection. The edge computing unit of the intelligent operation panel 21 collects data in real time: the pressure transmitter monitors the pressure difference of each tower, the PT100 temperature probe in the adsorbent bed 16 detects the heat of adsorption, and the laser oxygen analyzer dynamically provides feedback on the purity of nitrogen. When the oxygen content fluctuation at the tower outlet 10 is detected, the PLC immediately reduces the opening of the tower inlet valve 11 and simultaneously opens the dual redundant solenoid valve of the equalizing valve 13 to balance the pressure, so that the purity of the output nitrogen is stable, meeting the production protection requirements while reducing energy consumption. Example

[0018] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator includes a nitrogen storage tank 1, an integrated gas path module 3, and an adsorption assembly. The adsorption assembly includes six adsorption towers 2. The outer wall of each adsorption tower 2 is covered with an insulation layer 23. The tower inlet 9 and tower outlet 10 penetrate the insulation layer 23 and are respectively installed at the lower and upper parts of the outer wall of the adsorption tower 2. The top and bottom of each adsorption tower 2 are provided with conical porous plates 15. The pore size of the conical porous plates 15 is distributed in a gradient, with denser pores in the middle and sparser pores at the edges. The cavity formed by the conical porous plates 15 is filled with layers of adsorbent bed 16. The adsorption towers 2 are connected by a pressure equalization pipeline 14. Each adsorption tower 2 is independently equipped with an inlet valve 11, an exhaust valve 12 and a pressure equalization valve 13. The inlet valve 11 is equipped with a flow regulating valve core to control the air input. The pressure equalization valve 13 adopts a dual-valve redundancy design to balance the pressure between the towers. The exhaust valve 12 is used to discharge the desorption waste gas. The six adsorption towers 2 are arranged in a ring around the integrated gas path module 3. The main structure of the integrated gas path module 3 is a 3D printed stainless steel manifold, which integrates five sets of multi-level flow channels 17. The multi-level flow channels 17 adopt a biomimetic spiral flow guide design to reduce turbulence in the flow channels. A sensor array 20 is embedded in the outlet 19. The nitrogen storage tank 1 is equipped with an intelligent operation panel 21 on its front outer wall. The intelligent operation panel 21 has an industrial PLC and an edge computing unit built in. A laser oxygen analyzer is installed at the inlet 7 of the nitrogen storage tank 1, and a temperature probe is buried in the middle of the adsorbent bed 16. An air inlet pipe 4 is horizontally installed on the lower part of the adsorption tower 2. The air inlet pipe 4 is connected to the tower inlet 9 of each adsorption tower 2 through branch pipes. An air inlet 5 is installed at the end of the air inlet pipe 4 away from the adsorption tower 2. An air source pre-processor 6 is installed after the air inlet 5. The air source pre-processor 6 adopts a three-stage filtration design of cyclone dust removal, precision filter element and activated carbon oil removal. Furthermore, for the enclosed cabin environment of deep-sea drilling platforms, the equipment adopts a compact annular layout with a diameter of 3 m. The adsorption tower 2 is covered with a corrosion-resistant polyurethane foam insulation layer 23 to maintain the tower temperature in a high humidity environment of 95% RH. The gas source preprocessor 6 has a specially enhanced oil removal function, and the activated carbon bed capacity is increased by 150% compared with Example 1 to ensure that the oil content of the inlet gas is less than 0.001 mg / m³. The adsorbent bed 16 adopts an impact-resistant filling process: the bottom layer is filled with large-particle carbon molecular sieves with a diameter of 3-4 mm at a density of 680 kg / m³, and the top layer is filled with microporous carbon molecular sieves with a diameter of 0.6-0.8 mm at a density of 720 kg / m³. The gradient opening design of the conical porous plate 15 can effectively suppress the migration of the adsorbent bed 16 caused by sea turbulence. The pressure equalization valve 13 adopts a dual-diaphragm valve redundancy design. When the pressure equalization valve 13 of the adsorption tower 2 fails, the backup valve quickly and automatically switches to maintain the step pressure transmission. The surface of the biomimetic spiral multi-level flow channel 17 of the integrated gas path module 3 is electrolytically polished, maintaining a low pressure drop even at high flow rates. The sensor array 20 is equipped with an anti-electromagnetic interference shielding layer, and real-time data is fed back to the PLC. When the thermal conductivity flow meter detects an abnormal decrease in the flow rate of the equalization pipeline 14, the system automatically starts the diagnostic program. When the temperature probe shows an abnormal increase in the temperature in the middle of the tower bed, the PLC determines that the adsorption tower 2 is partially saturated with adsorbent and immediately advances the circulation phase of the tower by 30° to enter the desorption stage. At the same time, the regeneration gas flow rate is increased to avoid fluctuations in nitrogen purity. The TDLAS laser oxygen analyzer at the inlet 7 of nitrogen storage tank 1 samples every 2 seconds. The data is analyzed by FFT transformation of the edge computing unit to analyze the fluctuation spectrum. When the platform vibration causes the purity to fluctuate, the PLC dynamically adjusts the opening of the air inlet valve 11 to compensate, ensuring that the output nitrogen oxygen content is stable at 8±0.5 ppm, which meets the explosion-proof requirements of the drilling platform. Example

[0019] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator includes a nitrogen storage tank 1, an integrated gas path module 3, and an adsorption assembly. The adsorption assembly includes six adsorption towers 2. The outer wall of each adsorption tower 2 is covered with an insulation layer 23. The tower inlet 9 and tower outlet 10 penetrate the insulation layer 23 and are respectively installed at the lower and upper parts of the outer wall of the adsorption tower 2. The top and bottom of each adsorption tower 2 are provided with conical porous plates 15. The pore size of the conical porous plates 15 is distributed in a gradient, with denser pores in the middle and sparser pores at the edges. The cavity formed by the conical porous plates 15 is filled with layers of adsorbent bed 16. The six adsorption towers 2 are arranged in a ring around the integrated gas path module 3. The main structure of the integrated gas path module 3 is a 3D printed stainless steel manifold, which integrates five sets of multi-level flow channels 17. The multi-level flow channels 17 adopt a biomimetic spiral flow guide design to reduce turbulence in the flow channels. A sensor array 20 is embedded in the outlet 19. The nitrogen storage tank 1 is equipped with an intelligent operation panel 21 on its front outer wall. The intelligent operation panel 21 has an industrial PLC and an edge computing unit built in. Pressure transmitters are installed at the top of each tower of the adsorption tower 2. A laser oxygen analyzer is installed at the inlet 7 of the nitrogen storage tank 1. A thermal conductivity meter is installed at the intersection of the equalizing pipeline 14. A temperature probe is buried in the middle of the adsorbent bed 16. Furthermore, this embodiment is designed for the medical field, specifically for inert gas protection in vaccine production lines. It emphasizes the reliability and sterilization capabilities of the equipment. An ultraviolet sterilization module is added to the adsorption tower 2. The tower design complies with ASME BPE standards. The insulation layer 23 is made of FDA-certified fluororubber. The conical porous plate 15 has a detachable design for easy high-temperature steam sterilization. The adsorbent bed 16 uses medical-grade molecular sieves, which are activated at 250°C. The top molecular sieve contains an antibacterial silver ion coating. The three-stage filtration of the gas source pre-processor 6 is upgraded to: primary filtration, ultrafiltration membrane, and catalytic oil removal. When any adsorption tower 2 fails, the PLC automatically reassembles the timing sequence, and the remaining five towers continue to output 80% of their capacity, reducing downtime due to failure. The redundant solenoid valves of the equalizing valve 13 are independently powered, with a switching time of less than 50 ms. The outlet 19 of the integrated gas path module 3 is equipped with an online sterilization valve, which can introduce 121℃ saturated steam for sterilization. The spiral flow guiding structure of the multi-level flow channel 17 is optimized by CFD simulation technology, and the flow rate is controlled at 2-3 m / s to reduce gas friction. The Smart Control Panel 21 integrates FDA 21 CFR Part 11 compliant software, and all sensor data, including those from bed temperature probes, pressure transmitters, and flow meters, are stored in the cloud via the Smart Control Panel 21.

[0020] Working principle: Compressed air first enters the air source pre-processor 6 through the air inlet 5 for three-stage purification: cyclone dust removal, precision filter filtration and activated carbon oil removal. Then, it is distributed to six adsorption towers 2 through the main air inlet pipe 4. The air inlet valve 11 of each adsorption tower 2 independently controls the air input according to the preset time sequence. The air enters the adsorption tower 2 from the tower inlet 9 at the bottom of the tower. The layered adsorbent bed 16 in the tower selectively adsorbs oxygen under pressure, while nitrogen passes through the conical porous plate 15 and accumulates at the top of the tower. The six adsorption towers 2 operate asynchronously in a sequential cycle with a phase difference of 60° to ensure that there is always an adsorption tower 2 in the nitrogen production state, eliminating the window period. After the high-pressure tower completes adsorption, the remaining pressure can be transferred to the medium-pressure tower and the low-pressure tower in a stepwise manner through the pressure equalization pipeline 14. The pressure equalization valve 13 adopts a dual-valve redundancy design to ensure stability. During the desorption stage, the exhaust valve 12 opens to release the adsorbed oxygen and other waste gases, and the adsorption tower 2 enters the regeneration state. The generated nitrogen gas flows from tower outlet 10 through pipeline 22 into integrated gas path module 3. The biomimetic spiral multi-level flow channel 17 in the module reduces turbulence and pressure drop. Sensor array 20 monitors nitrogen temperature and pressure in real time. The purified nitrogen gas is delivered from the top outlet 19 of the module to nitrogen storage tank 1. The laser oxygen analyzer at the inlet 7 continuously detects the purity. The industrial PLC dynamically adjusts the valve opening and circulation sequence through data feedback from pressure transmitters, bed temperature probes and thermal conductivity flow meters to ensure stable output of nitrogen purity and flow rate.

[0021] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator, characterized in that: It includes a nitrogen storage tank (1), an integrated gas path module (3), and an adsorption assembly, wherein the adsorption assembly includes six adsorption towers (2). The adsorption tower (2) includes: tower inlet (9), tower outlet (10), conical porous plate (15), adsorbent bed (16) and insulation layer (23). The outer wall of the adsorption tower (2) is covered with a heat insulation layer (23). The tower inlet (9) and tower outlet (10) penetrate the heat insulation layer (23) and are installed at the lower and upper parts of the outer wall of the adsorption tower (2), respectively. The top and bottom of the adsorption tower (2) are provided with a conical porous plate (15). The pore size of the conical porous plate (15) is distributed in a gradient, with denser pores in the middle and sparser pores at the edges. The cavity formed by the conical porous plate (15) is filled with layers of adsorbent bed (16). The bottom layer of adsorbent bed (16) is a large particle carbon molecular sieve, and the top layer is a microporous particle carbon molecular sieve.

2. The multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption towers (2) are connected by a pressure equalization pipeline (14). Each adsorption tower (2) is independently equipped with an inlet valve (11), an exhaust valve (12) and a pressure equalization valve (13). The inlet valve (11) is equipped with a flow regulating valve core to control the air input. The pressure equalization valve (13) adopts a dual-valve redundancy design to balance the pressure between the towers. The exhaust valve (12) is used to discharge the desorption waste gas.

3. A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The six adsorption towers (2) are arranged in a ring around the integrated gas path module (3). The integrated gas path module (3) has an inlet (18) and an outlet (19) installed at both ends. The main structure of the integrated gas path module (3) is a 3D printed stainless steel manifold. It has five sets of multi-level flow channels (17) integrated inside. The multi-level flow channels (17) adopt a biomimetic spiral flow guide design to reduce turbulence in the flow channel. A sensor array (20) is embedded in the outlet (19) to measure the temperature and pressure of nitrogen.

4. A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption towers (2) are designed with multi-stage pressure equalization and asynchronous cyclic timing. The multi-stage pressure equalization design is a step-by-step pressure transfer from high-pressure tower to medium-pressure tower to low-pressure tower to reduce energy consumption. The asynchronous cyclic timing design is that the working phase difference between each adjacent adsorption tower (2) is 60°, and the tower state rotates according to the timing to ensure continuous output of stable nitrogen.

5. A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen storage tank (1) has an outlet (8) and an inlet (7) on its upper and lower outer walls, respectively. An intelligent operation panel (21) is installed on the front outer wall of the nitrogen storage tank (1). The intelligent operation panel (21) has an industrial PLC and an edge computing unit built in. Pressure transmitters are installed at the top of each tower of the adsorption tower (2). A laser oxygen analyzer is installed at the inlet (7) of the nitrogen storage tank (1). A thermal conductivity meter is installed at the intersection of the equalization pipeline (14). A temperature probe is buried in the middle of the adsorbent bed (16). The pressure transmitter, laser oxygen analyzer, thermal conductivity meter and temperature probe are connected to the intelligent operation panel (21) through signals to make real-time adjustments according to the equipment status.

6. A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower outlet (10) of the adsorption tower (2) is connected to the inlet (18) at the bottom of the integrated gas circuit module (3) through a pipe (22), and the inlet (7) of the nitrogen storage tank (1) is connected to the outlet (19) at the top of the integrated gas circuit module (3) through a pipe (22), thereby realizing the upstream and downstream connection of the adsorption component, the integrated gas circuit module (3) and the nitrogen storage tank (1).

7. A multi-tower pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet manifold (4) is installed horizontally on the lower part of the adsorption tower (2). The air inlet manifold (4) is connected to the tower inlet (9) of each adsorption tower (2) through a branch pipe. An air inlet (5) is installed at the end of the air inlet manifold (4) away from the adsorption tower (2). An air source pre-processor (6) is installed after the air inlet (5). The air source pre-processor (6) adopts a three-stage filtration design of cyclone dust removal, precision filter element and activated carbon oil removal.

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