A machining center contact type mechanical tool changing structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of machining center contact type mechanical tool changing structure, it is related to mechanical tool changing structure technical field, including stand mechanism, the front of the stand mechanism is equipped with main shaft box, the front of the stand mechanism is close to top end place, and punch arm mechanism is installed in the inside of main shaft box, the stand mechanism includes stand main body, the top end of the stand main body is equipped with motor with output end towards bottom, the front of the stand main body is close to top end place and is equipped with punch block, the inside of main shaft box is close to the front place and is equipped with main shaft body, the top end of the main shaft box is close to left side place and is screw-connected with first fastening screw, the periphery of the first fastening screw is equipped with tension spring, the top end of the main shaft box is close to the front place and is screw-connected with second fastening screw, mechanical quick tool changing can be realized, additional transmission device is not needed, with the advantages, such as quick tool changing efficiency, small size, cost saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical tool changing structure technology, and in particular to a contact-type mechanical tool changing structure for machining centers. Background Technology

[0002] Small and medium-sized machining centers feature high precision, high speed, and high rigidity. They integrate drilling, tapping, milling, and other machining processes and are widely used in the 3C industry, automotive parts, medical devices, humanoid robots, low-altitude flight, and other industries for the processing of small plate parts, disc-shaped parts, and shell-shaped parts.

[0003] While meeting the above characteristics, machining centers also face higher requirements for efficient tool changing. Existing mechanical tool changing structures have the following drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Existing tool changing methods in machining centers mostly use robotic arms. Driving the robotic arm requires additional asynchronous motors and reduction gears, resulting in a large number of interconnected structures, which leads to long tool changing times, large size, space occupation, and high costs.

[0005] 2. The robotic tool changing system has a complex structure, including numerous sensors, pneumatic or hydraulic components. Its installation, debugging and maintenance processes are cumbersome, which not only increases the equipment failure rate, but also raises the later maintenance costs and technical threshold.

[0006] 3. Such systems are highly dependent on the control system and require a dedicated PLC or motion control card to achieve complex trajectory planning, which further increases the complexity of the overall electrical design and the cost of hardware and software integration.

[0007] 4. The tool changer of a robotic arm is usually heavy and has a high moment of inertia, which is not conducive to the dynamic response and energy consumption optimization of high-speed moving parts of the machine tool, and contradicts the design goals of machining centers that pursue high speed and high precision.

[0008] A contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for machining centers is mainly used in tool changing devices of small and medium-sized machining centers. It can realize mechanical and rapid tool changing without the need for additional transmission devices, and has the advantages of fast tool changing efficiency, small size, and cost saving. Utility Model Content

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center includes a column mechanism, a spindle box mounted on the front of the column mechanism, and a tool changing arm mechanism mounted near the top of the front of the column mechanism and inside the spindle box.

[0011] The column mechanism includes a column body, a motor with its output end facing the bottom is installed at the top of the column body, and a cutting block is installed on the front of the column body near the top.

[0012] The spindle body is installed inside the spindle box near the front. A first fastening screw is threaded to the top of the spindle box near the left side. A tension spring is sleeved around the first fastening screw. A second fastening screw is threaded to the top of the spindle box near the front.

[0013] The cutter arm mechanism includes a cutter arm body. A groove is provided at the top of the cutter arm body, and a first connecting component is installed inside the groove. A second connecting component is installed inside the spindle box, viewed from the left side of the cutter arm body. The end of the cutter arm body near the front is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spindle body, and cutter bearings are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides. A notch is provided near the bottom of the front of the cutter arm body, and the notch abuts against a second fastening screw.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a slider is sleeved around the lead screw, with the slider being fixedly connected to the spindle box.

[0015] The technical effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the rotation of the motor can drive the lead screw to rotate, and then the lead screw drives the spindle box and the cutting arm mechanism to move up and down through the slider. The cutting arm mechanism is fixed inside the spindle box and is stationary relative to the spindle box.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a fixing block is welded to the front of the knife-attacking block, and the bottom of the fixing block has an inwardly inclined slope structure.

[0017] The technical effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that as the motor drives the spindle box and the cutter arm mechanism to rise, the needle roller bearing can be pushed forward through the inclined structure at the bottom of the fixed block. At this time, the other end of the cutter arm body will be relatively lowered, and after the bottom surface of the cutter bearing contacts the spindle body, it will drive the spindle body to move downward together.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first connecting component includes a small rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected inside the groove. A needle roller bearing is sleeved around the small rotating shaft and inside the groove. Elastic retaining rings are installed at the left and right ends of the small rotating shaft where they contact the main body of the cutting arm.

[0019] The technical effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the elastic retaining ring can limit the movement of the needle roller bearing, prevent it from shifting, and improve its stability in use.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the second connecting component includes a large rotating shaft that passes through the left and right sides of the main body of the cutting arm and is rotatably connected thereto. Bushings are symmetrically fitted at the left and right ends of the large rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft support seat is fitted around the bushings. The rotating shaft support seat is fixedly connected to the main spindle box.

[0021] The technical effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that, through the combined use of the large rotating shaft and the bushing, the main body of the cutting arm can rotate around it, thereby improving the stability of use.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the top end of the rotating shaft support extends to the internal thread of the large rotating shaft and is connected to a fixing screw.

[0023] The technical effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the large rotating shaft can be locked and limited by the fixing screw, thereby restricting the main body of the cutting arm from moving and shifting in all directions, and ensuring that it can only rotate around the large rotating shaft.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a hook is installed on the left side of the main body of the cutting arm, and the hook is fixedly connected to the end of the tension spring away from the first fastening screw.

[0025] The technical effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that, through the combined use of the tension spring and the hook, the main body of the knife-cutting arm can be tilted towards the tension spring end under the action of the tension spring, so that the other end of the main body of the knife-cutting arm is relatively raised.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, both the first fastening screw and the second fastening screw are threadedly connected to the top of the spindle box, and the vertical position of the first fastening screw is limited by a nut.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] In this utility model, the design of the column mechanism, spindle box, and tool changing arm mechanism has the following advantages compared to the traditional tool changing structure:

[0029] 1. Abandoning complex drives to achieve purely mechanical rapid tool change: Innovatively adopting a contact mechanical structure to directly complete the tool change action, the tool release and clamping process does not require additional asynchronous motors, reducers or complex pneumatic / hydraulic systems, fundamentally simplifying the drive architecture and significantly shortening the tool change time.

[0030] 2. Significantly reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs: By simplifying the mechanical structure and eliminating reliance on dedicated drive components and complex control programs, not only are equipment manufacturing costs effectively reduced, but the need for and difficulty of future maintenance are also reduced, thus improving economic efficiency;

[0031] 3. Improved reliability and precision stability during long-term operation: The purely mechanical tool changing mechanism has fewer wear points and is less prone to failure due to electronic or hydraulic system malfunctions, thus better maintaining the accuracy and consistency of the tool changing position under long-term high-frequency use;

[0032] 4. Optimize dynamic performance and energy consumption: Due to the lighter weight and smaller inertia of the moving parts, this structure helps to improve the dynamic response characteristics of the whole machine, while reducing the energy consumption caused by tool changing, which meets the pursuit of performance and energy efficiency of high-speed and high-precision machining centers.

[0033] 5. High integration and compact design: The new structure integrates the tool changing function into a compact unit, which greatly reduces the space occupied by the machining center, making it particularly suitable for small and medium-sized machining centers with limited space. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a contact-type mechanical tool changer for a machining center provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 A side view of the overall structure of a contact-type mechanical tool changer for a machining center provided by this utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 An overall frontal anatomical view of a contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center provided by this utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the tool changing arm mechanism of a contact-type mechanical tool changer in a machining center provided by this utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the tool changing arm mechanism of a contact-type mechanical tool changer in a machining center.

[0039] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the spindle box structure of a contact-type mechanical tool changer for a machining center provided by this utility model.

[0040] Figure 7 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the side structure of the spindle box of a contact-type mechanical tool changer for a machining center.

[0041] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of structure A of a contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center, which is provided by this utility model.

[0042] Figure 9 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the side structure of the spindle body of a contact-type mechanical tool changer for a machining center.

[0043] Figure 10 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the large rotating shaft structure of a contact-type mechanical tool changer in a machining center.

[0044] Figure 11 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of a tool-changing block structure for a contact-type mechanical tool changer in a machining center.

[0045] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a small rotating shaft structure for a contact-type mechanical tool changer in a machining center, provided by this utility model.

[0046] Legend: 1. Column mechanism; 11. Column body; 12. Motor; 121. Lead screw; 122. Slider; 13. Cutting tool stop block; 131. Fixing block; 2. Spindle box; 21. Spindle body; 22. First fastening screw; 23. Tension spring; 24. Second fastening screw; 3. Cutting tool arm mechanism; 31. Cutting tool arm body; 32. Groove; 33. First connecting assembly; 331. Small rotating shaft; 332. Needle roller bearing; 333. Elastic retaining ring; 34. Second connecting assembly; 341. Large rotating shaft; 342. Bushing; 343. Rotating shaft support seat; 344. Fixing screw; 35. Cutting tool bearing; 36. Notch; 37. Hook. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0048] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of this utility model will be provided below with reference to relevant embodiments, and several embodiments of this utility model will be given. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of this utility model more thorough and complete.

[0049] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1-12 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center, including a column mechanism 1, a spindle box 2 mounted on the front of the column mechanism 1, a tool-changing arm mechanism 3 mounted near the top of the front of the column mechanism 1 and inside the spindle box 2, the column mechanism 1 including a column body 11, a motor 12 with its output end facing the bottom mounted on the top of the column body 11, a tool-changing block 13 mounted near the top of the front of the column body 11, a spindle body 21 mounted inside the spindle box 2 near the front, and a first fastening screw 22 threadedly connected to the top of the spindle box 2 near the left side, the first fastening screw 22... A tension spring 23 is sleeved on the outside. A second fastening screw 24 is threadedly connected to the top of the spindle box 2 near the front. The cutter arm mechanism 3 includes a cutter arm body 31. A groove 32 is opened at the top of the cutter arm body 31. A first connecting component 33 is installed inside the groove 32. The cutter arm body 31 is viewed from the left side and is located inside the spindle box 2. A second connecting component 34 is installed inside the spindle box 2. The end of the cutter arm body 31 near the front is sleeved on the outside of the spindle body 21. Cutter bearings 35 are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides. A notch 36 is opened near the bottom of the front of the cutter arm body 31. The notch 36 abuts against the second fastening screw 24.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] like Figure 1-12As shown, a lead screw 121 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 12. A slider 122 is sleeved around the lead screw 121. The slider 122 is fixedly connected to the spindle box 2. The rotation of the motor 12 can drive the lead screw 121 to rotate, which in turn causes the lead screw 121 to drive the spindle box 2 and the cutting arm mechanism 3 to move up and down through the slider 122. The cutting arm mechanism 3 is fixed inside the spindle box 2 and is stationary relative to the spindle box 2. A fixing block 131 is welded to the front of the cutting block 13. The bottom of the fixing block 131 has an inward inclined slope structure. As the motor 12 drives the spindle box 2 and the cutting arm mechanism 3 to rise, the cutting arm mechanism 3 moves up and down through the inclined slope at the bottom of the fixing block 131. The structure allows the needle roller bearing 332 to be pushed forward, at which point the other end of the cutter arm body 31 will be relatively lowered. After the bottom surface of the cutter bearing 35 contacts the main spindle body 21, it drives the main spindle body 21 to move downward together. The first connecting component 33 includes a small rotating shaft 331, which is rotatably connected inside the groove 32. The needle roller bearing 332 is sleeved on the periphery of the small rotating shaft 331 and inside the groove 32. Elastic retaining rings 333 are installed at the contact points between the left and right ends of the small rotating shaft 331 and the cutter arm body 31. The elastic retaining rings 333 can limit the movement of the needle roller bearing 332 to prevent it from shifting and improve the stability of use. The second connecting component 34 includes... The device includes a large rotating shaft 341, which runs through the left and right sides of the main body 31 of the cutting arm and is rotatably connected to it. Bushings 342 are symmetrically fitted at both ends of the large rotating shaft 341. A rotating shaft support 343 is fitted around the bushings 342 and is fixedly connected to the spindle box 2. Through the cooperation of the large rotating shaft 341 and the bushings 342, the main body 31 of the cutting arm can rotate around it, improving stability. A fixing screw 344 is threaded into the top of the rotating shaft support 343 and connected to the inside of the large rotating shaft 341. The fixing screw 344 can lock and limit the movement of the large rotating shaft 341 in all directions. The offset is designed to ensure that it can only rotate around the large rotating shaft 341. A hook 37 is installed on the left side of the cutter arm body 31. The hook 37 is fixedly connected to the end of the tension spring 23 away from the first fastening screw 22. Through the cooperation of the tension spring 23 and the hook 37, the cutter arm body 31 can be tilted towards the tension spring 23 under the action of the tension force of the tension spring 23, so that the other end of the cutter arm body 31 is relatively raised. The first fastening screw 22 and the second fastening screw 24 are both threaded to the top of the spindle box 2, and the height of the first fastening screw 22 is limited by the nut. Rotating the second fastening screw 24 to adjust its height can limit the raised position of one end of the cutter arm body.

[0055] The working process of this utility model is as follows: When using a contact-type mechanical tool changer in a machining center, the rotation of the motor 12 first drives the lead screw 121 to rotate, causing the lead screw 121 to move up and down through the slider 122, which in turn drives the spindle box 2 and the tool changing arm mechanism 3. During this process, the tool changing arm body 31 tilts towards the end of the tension spring 23 under the tension of the tension spring 23, raising the other end of the tool changing arm body 31 until the notch 36 at the tool changing arm body 31 abuts against the second fastening screw 24. As the spindle box 2 and the tool changing arm body 31 move upward together, the needle roller bearing 332 will first contact the inclined surface of the fixing block 131 on the front of the tool changing block 13. As the inclined surface moves upward, the other end of the tool changing arm body 31 will lower relatively, and the bottom surface of the tool changing bearing 35 will contact the spindle body 21. After contact, it will drive the spindle body 21 to move downward, waiting for the needle roller to... When bearing 332 rises from the inclined plane of fixed block 131 to the vertical plane, spindle body 21 is pressed down to its limit, completing the entire tool release process. Afterwards, motor 12 drives spindle box 2 and tool-changing arm mechanism 3 to move downward together. Needle bearing 332 moves from the vertical plane of fixed block 131 to the inclined plane until it disengages from fixed block 131 and returns to its initial position. At this time, tool-changing bearing 35 at the front end of tool-changing arm body 31 gradually separates from spindle body 21 until it returns to its initial state. After this process is completed, the spindle is in a clamped state or a natural state. The process of motor 12 driving spindle box 2 and tool-changing arm mechanism 3 to move up and down in a specific position is called tool changing process (moving upward to release the tool, moving downward to clamp the tool). Motor 12 serves as both the Z-axis drive device of the machining center and the spindle tool changing device, and has advantages such as fast tool changing response time, low cost, small size, and easy maintenance.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center, comprising a column mechanism (1), characterized in that: The front of the column mechanism (1) is equipped with a spindle box (2), and the front of the column mechanism (1) is near the top and inside the spindle box (2) is equipped with a cutting arm mechanism (3). The column mechanism (1) includes a column body (11), a motor (12) with its output end facing the bottom is installed at the top of the column body (11), and a knife-breaking block (13) is installed on the front of the column body (11) near the top. The spindle body (21) is installed inside the spindle box (2) near the front. A first fastening screw (22) is threaded to the top of the spindle box (2) near the left side. A tension spring (23) is sleeved around the first fastening screw (22). A second fastening screw (24) is threaded to the top of the spindle box (2) near the front. The cutting arm mechanism (3) includes a cutting arm body (31), a groove (32) is provided at the top of the cutting arm body (31), a first connecting component (33) is installed inside the groove (32), a second connecting component (34) is installed inside the spindle box (2) when viewed from the left side of the cutting arm body (31), and the end of the cutting arm body (31) near the front is sleeved on the outer periphery of the spindle body (21), and cutting bearings (35) are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides. A notch (36) is provided near the bottom of the front of the cutting arm body (31), and the notch (36) abuts against the second fastening screw (24).

2. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the motor (12) is fixedly connected to a lead screw (121), and a slider (122) is sleeved around the lead screw (121). The slider (122) is fixedly connected to the spindle box (2).

3. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front of the knife-attacking block (13) is welded with a fixing block (131), and the bottom of the fixing block (131) has an inwardly inclined slope structure.

4. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting component (33) includes a small rotating shaft (331), which is rotatably connected inside the groove (32). A needle roller bearing (332) is sleeved on the periphery of the small rotating shaft (331) and inside the groove (32). Elastic retaining rings (333) are installed at the contact points between the left and right ends of the small rotating shaft (331) and the main body (31) of the cutting arm.

5. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting component (34) includes a large rotating shaft (341), which passes through the left and right sides of the cutter arm body (31) and is rotatably connected to it. Bushings (342) are symmetrically fitted at the left and right ends of the large rotating shaft (341), and a rotating shaft support seat (343) is fitted around the bushing (342). The rotating shaft support seat (343) is fixedly connected to the spindle box (2).

6. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the pivot support (343) extends to the internal thread of the large pivot (341) and is connected to a fixing screw (344).

7. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hook (37) is installed on the left side of the main body (31) of the knife arm, and the hook (37) is fixedly connected to the end of the tension spring (23) away from the first fastening screw (22).

8. The contact-type mechanical tool changer structure for a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fastening screw (22) and the second fastening screw (24) are both threaded to the top of the spindle box (2), and the height of the first fastening screw (22) is limited by the nut.

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