Blood cell separation device with photodetection function

Abstract

The application provides a blood cell separation device with a photoelectric detection function, and belongs to the technical field of blood separation. The device comprises a motor, a main shaft extension rod connected to the output end of the motor, a bearing, a differential adapter support, a centrifugal turntable and a pipeline fixing support which are arranged on the outer wall of the main shaft extension rod, a lower conductive slip ring, an upper conductive slip ring and a centrifugal disc control panel. The centrifugal disc control panel is arranged on the centrifugal turntable, and the centrifugal disc control panel is electrically connected with the stator of the upper conductive slip ring. The second stator of the lower conductive slip ring is electrically connected with the stator of the upper conductive slip ring. The centrifugal disc control panel is integrated with a photoelectric detection module. The photoelectric detection module arranged on the centrifugal disc control panel solves the problem that the traditional equipment can only rely on preset time speed for 'blind operation', realizes accurate control through real-time feedback, and greatly reduces manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blood separation technology, and more specifically to a blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function. Background Technology

[0002] Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) technology is a medical technique that involves centrifuging autologous blood to extract plasma components rich in platelets, which are then injected or applied to specific sites on the body. The bioactive substances released by the platelets promote tissue repair and regeneration. This technology relies on the body's own repair mechanisms to achieve "autologous repair," avoiding the risks of immune rejection and infection that may be caused by exogenous drugs or materials.

[0003] Early PRP preparation typically involved drawing blood from a donor, centrifuging it using a rapid blood cell separator, injecting the extracted PRP into the patient's lesion, and then returning the remaining blood to the body or discarding it. This method was cumbersome, had low blood separation efficiency, and posed a potential risk of cross-infection during blood input and output.

[0004] To address the issue of tubing entanglement during centrifugation, existing technologies include a blood separation device based on a differential mechanism, as disclosed in patent CN203090031U. This device achieves connection to the human body or syringe by having the tubing connecting the centrifuged blood bag pass through the center of the rotating shaft and extend to the outside of the centrifugation mechanism, effectively preventing tubing entanglement. This has become the mainstream technical solution adopted by blood separation devices on the current market.

[0005] However, this technical solution still has certain limitations: since a photoelectric detection system cannot be integrated into the centrifuge disc, the centrifugation process can only be controlled based on preset rotation speed and time parameters, and the separation status cannot be monitored in real time. Therefore, PRP extraction still relies on manual judgment and operation, resulting in a low degree of automation and affecting separation accuracy and overall efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function, which can monitor the blood separation status in real time.

[0007] Technical solution: The blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function described in this invention includes a motor, a main shaft extension rod connected to the output end of the motor, a bearing, a differential speed adapter bracket, a centrifuge disc, and a pipeline fixing bracket sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft extension rod, and also includes a lower conductive slip ring, an upper conductive slip ring, and a centrifuge disc control board; the lower conductive slip ring is set on the motor fixing bracket and located at the lower part of the entire device, and the upper conductive slip ring is set below the differential speed adapter bracket and located at the upper part of the entire device; The second rotor of the lower conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the main shaft extension rod, the second stator of the lower conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket, and the second stator of the lower conductive slip ring is electrically connected to the main control board; the first rotor of the upper conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the main shaft extension rod, and the stator of the upper conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the upper gear; the centrifuge disc control board is set on the centrifuge disc, and the centrifuge disc control board is electrically connected to the stator of the upper conductive slip ring; the second stator of the lower conductive slip ring is electrically connected to the stator of the upper conductive slip ring; the centrifuge disc control board integrates a photoelectric detection module, which is used to detect the centrifugation status by absorbance or reflectance.

[0008] The electrical connection in this invention is as follows: The main control board is first connected to an external power source to provide power to its own circuits and the entire system. The main control board transmits power and signal lines to the second stator of the lower conductive slip ring via cables. Through the rotating contact point of the lower conductive slip ring, the power is transmitted to its rotor. Since the second rotor of the lower conductive slip ring is fixed to the main shaft extension rod, the power and signal lines are then transmitted to the first rotor of the upper conductive slip ring via connecting lines (usually arranged along the main shaft extension rod), and then from the first rotor of the upper conductive slip ring to its stator. Finally, the power and signal lines are output from the stator of the upper conductive slip ring and connected to the centrifugal disc control board via cables to power it and its photoelectric detection module and other possible components (such as LED light sources, pumps, valves, etc.).

[0009] The signal communication path in this invention includes downlink commands and uplink data. The downlink commands are control commands issued by the main control board and transmitted to the centrifuge disk control board through the aforementioned electrically connected physical channel. The uplink data is the photoelectric detection data collected by the centrifuge disk control board and transmitted back to the main control board in the opposite direction through the physical channel.

[0010] The main control board is connected to the motor driver and manages the entire centrifugation process by controlling the motor's start, stop, speed, and direction. The main control board is also connected to a human-machine interface (such as a touch screen, buttons, and indicator lights) to receive user commands (such as selecting a program or starting the machine) and to display the equipment status, centrifugation progress, and test results.

[0011] In this invention, the motor drives the main shaft extension rod to rotate at high speed. Through a differential mechanism composed of a lower gear, planetary gears, and an upper gear, the motion is transmitted to the differential adapter bracket and the centrifugal turntable. The rotational speed is a composite speed calculated from the motor speed and gear transmission speed, used to compensate for the torsion of the tubing during centrifugation and prevent entanglement. The photoelectric detection module (such as a photoelectric sensor) on the centrifugal turntable control board emits light during centrifugation and receives light reflected or transmitted from the blood bag. Because different blood components (plasma, platelets, red blood cells) have different densities and optical properties (absorbance, reflectivity), the intensity of their reflected / transmitted light signals also differs. The control board converts these light signals into electrical signals.

[0012] Furthermore, both the lower and upper conductive slip rings include at least four sets of leads, of which at least two sets are power lines and at least two sets are communication lines. Multiple sets of leads operate in parallel. The power lines (such as VCC and GND) are responsible for providing stable operating voltage to components such as the centrifuge disc control board, photoelectric sensors, and LED light sources at the rotating end; the communication lines (such as TX and RX) are responsible for establishing a bidirectional data exchange channel between the main control board and the centrifuge disc control board.

[0013] Furthermore, the communication line is one of the following: serial port, CAN bus, IIC bus, or SPI bus; these are commonly used industrial communication protocols. The microcontrollers on the main control board and the centrifuge tray control board encode, decode, and verify data packets using these predefined protocol rules to achieve accurate transmission of instructions and data.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper half of the spindle extension rod adopts a hollow structure, and a hole is opened on one side of the upper half to connect with the hollow part; this hollow channel serves as a cable laying channel, and the wire connecting the upper and lower conductive slip ring rotors can pass through the inside of the spindle extension rod and be led out from the side hole for connection.

[0015] Furthermore, a differential gear mechanism is provided on the differential adapter bracket. The differential gear mechanism includes a lower gear fixed on the motor mounting bracket, a planetary gear meshing on the lower gear, and an upper gear fixed on the differential adapter bracket. The planetary gear is connected to the side of the main shaft extension rod by planetary gear fixing screws. The fixed lower gear, the planetary gear that revolves with the main shaft and rotates on its own axis, and the upper gear fixed to the output end (differential adapter bracket) work together to calculate a resultant speed. This speed allows the rotation of the centrifugal disc to "catch up" with the torsion of the pipeline that is lifted by centrifugal force, thus keeping it in a relaxed state and preventing it from getting tangled.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower gear, planetary gear, and upper gear are all bevel gears with consistent tooth profile and number of teeth; the bevel gears are used to transmit motion between intersecting shafts. Maintaining consistent tooth profile and number of teeth ensures that the differential system has a specific transmission ratio, guaranteeing accurate differential calculation and smooth motion transmission.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner ring of the bearing corresponds to the spindle extension rod, the bottom of the bearing is axially positioned by the stepped surface of the spindle extension rod, and the upper part of the bearing is locked by the bearing fixing nut; the stepped surface and the locking nut realize bidirectional axial positioning of the inner ring of the bearing, and firmly fix it in the designated position on the spindle extension rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom of the differential adapter bracket is provided with a countersunk hole that passes through the outer ring of the bearing, and the top of the countersunk hole is provided with a stepped surface for positioning the outer ring of the bearing; the countersunk hole and the stepped surface are used for precise radial positioning and unidirectional axial positioning of the outer ring of the bearing, and the differential adapter bracket supports the entire differential system on the spindle system by pressing down on the outer ring of the bearing.

[0019] Furthermore, the centrifuge turntable is designed with special slots or fixing structures for the safe placement and fixation of blood bags.

[0020] Furthermore, the photoelectric detection module adopts either a reflective or a transmissive detection method. In the reflective detection method, the sensor and the light source are located on the same side of the blood bag. Different liquid layers of different densities have different light reflection capabilities, and the sensor detects the intensity of light reflected back by the liquid inside the blood bag to make a judgment. In the transmissive detection method, the light source and the sensor are located on opposite sides of the blood bag. Since different liquid layers have different absorption degrees (absorbance) of light of a specific wavelength, the sensor detects the intensity of light after penetrating the blood bag.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention solves the problem that traditional equipment can only rely on preset time and speed for “blind operation” by setting the photoelectric detection module on the centrifuge plate control board, and achieves precise control through real-time feedback, greatly reducing manual intervention; (2) By setting up double conductive slip rings, the present invention realizes the basis of electronic functions on the rotating platform, which provides the possibility for the functional expansion of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0024] like Figure 1 The blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function shown includes a motor 1, a main shaft extension rod 2 connected to the output end 101 of the motor 1, a bearing 3, a differential speed adapter bracket 4, and a centrifuge disc 5 sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft extension rod 2, and a blood bag 16, a pipeline fixing bracket 15, and a centrifuge disc control board 8 placed on the centrifuge disc 5; a lower conductive slip ring 6 is set on the motor fixing bracket 14 and located at the lower part of the entire device, and an upper conductive slip ring 7 is set below the differential speed adapter bracket 4 and located at the upper part of the entire device; The second rotor 601 of the lower conductive slip ring 6 is fixedly connected to the main shaft extension rod 2. The upper half of the main shaft extension rod 2 adopts a hollow structure, and a hole communicating with the hollow part is opened on one side of the upper half. The inner ring of the bearing 3 corresponds to the main shaft extension rod 2. The bottom of the bearing 3 is axially positioned by the stepped surface of the main shaft extension rod 2, and the upper part of the bearing 3 is locked by the bearing fixing nut 13. The second stator 602 of the lower conductive slip ring 6 is fixedly connected to the motor mounting bracket 14, and the second stator 602 of the lower conductive slip ring 6 is electrically connected to the main control board 17; the first rotor 701 of the upper conductive slip ring 7 is fixedly connected to the main shaft extension rod 2, and the first stator 702 of the upper conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the upper gear 10; the centrifugal disc control board 8 is mounted on the centrifugal turntable 5, and the centrifugal disc control board 8 is electrically connected to the first stator 702 of the upper conductive slip ring; the second stator 602 of the lower conductive slip ring 6 is electrically connected to the stator 702 of the upper conductive slip ring 7; the centrifugal disc control board 8 integrates a photoelectric detection module, which is used to detect the centrifugal state by absorbance or reflectance.

[0025] Both the lower conductive slip ring 6 and the upper conductive slip ring 7 include four sets of leads: a lower conductive slip ring rotor lead 603, a lower conductive slip ring stator lead 604, an upper conductive slip ring stator lead 703, and an upper conductive slip ring rotor lead 704. At least two sets are power lines, and at least two sets are communication lines. The communication lines are one of the following: serial port, CAN bus, IIC bus, or SPI bus.

[0026] The differential adapter bracket 4 is equipped with a differential gear mechanism, which includes a lower gear 9 fixed to the motor mounting bracket, a planetary gear 11 meshing with the lower gear 9, and an upper gear 10 fixed to the differential adapter bracket 4. The planetary gear 11 is connected to the side of the main shaft extension rod 2 by a planetary gear fixing screw 12. The lower gear 9, planetary gear 11, and upper gear 10 are all bevel gears with consistent tooth profile and number of teeth. The bottom of the differential adapter bracket 4 has a countersunk hole that passes through the outer ring of the bearing 3, and the top of the countersunk hole has a stepped surface for positioning the outer ring of the bearing 3.

[0027] This embodiment does not involve any improvement to the photoelectric detection module. The photoelectric detection module is existing technology and can employ the Kyoto Semiconductor KPR16S6 reflective near-infrared photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric detection module uses either reflective or transmissive detection methods.

[0028] As described above, although the invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function, characterized in that: The device includes a motor (1), the output end of which is connected to a main shaft extension rod (2). The outer wall of the main shaft extension rod (2) is fitted with a bearing (3), a differential speed adapter bracket (4), a centrifugal turntable (5), and a pipeline fixing bracket (15). The device is characterized by further including a lower conductive slip ring (6), an upper conductive slip ring (7), and a centrifugal turntable control plate (8). The lower conductive slip ring (6) is set on the motor fixing bracket (14) and located at the lower part of the entire device. The upper conductive slip ring (7) is set below the differential speed adapter bracket (4) and located at the upper part of the entire device. The second rotor (601) of the lower conductive slip ring (6) is fixedly connected to the main shaft extension rod (2), the second stator (602) of the lower conductive slip ring (6) is fixedly connected to the motor fixing bracket (14), and the second stator (602) of the lower conductive slip ring (6) is electrically connected to the main control board (17); the first rotor (701) of the upper conductive slip ring (7) is fixedly connected to the main shaft extension rod (2), and the first stator (702) of the upper conductive slip ring is fixedly connected to the upper gear (10); the centrifugal disc control board (8) is set on the centrifugal turntable (5), and the centrifugal disc control board (8) is electrically connected to the first stator (702) of the upper conductive slip ring; the second stator (602) of the lower conductive slip ring (6) is electrically connected to the stator (702) of the upper conductive slip ring (7); the centrifugal disc control board (8) integrates a photoelectric detection module for detecting the centrifugal state by absorbance or reflectance.

2. The blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower conductive slip ring (6) and the upper conductive slip ring (7) each include at least four sets of leads, of which at least two sets are power lines and at least two sets are communication lines.

3. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication line is one of the following: serial port, CAN bus, IIC bus, or SPI bus.

4. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper half of the main shaft extension rod (2) adopts a hollow structure, and a hole communicating with the hollow part is opened on one side of the upper half.

5. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential adapter bracket (4) is provided with a differential gear mechanism, which includes a lower gear (9) fixed on the motor mounting bracket, a planetary gear (11) meshing on the lower gear (9), and an upper gear (10) fixed on the differential adapter bracket (4). The planetary gear (11) is connected to the side of the main shaft extension rod (2) by a planetary gear fixing screw (12).

6. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower gear (9), planetary gear (11) and upper gear (10) are all bevel gears and have the same tooth profile and number of teeth.

7. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the bearing (3) corresponds to the main shaft extension rod (2), the bottom of the bearing (3) is axially positioned by the stepped surface of the main shaft extension rod (2), and the upper part of the bearing (3) is locked by the bearing fixing nut (13).

8. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the differential adapter bracket (4) is provided with a countersunk hole, which passes through the outer ring of the bearing (3), and the top of the countersunk hole is provided with a stepped surface for positioning the outer ring of the bearing (3).

9. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blood bag (16) is placed on the centrifuge turntable (5).

10. A blood cell separation device with photoelectric detection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric detection module adopts either reflective or transmissive detection methods.

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