Spray humidification device and fuel cell system

Abstract

This application relates to a spray humidification device and a fuel cell system. The spray humidification device includes: a main shell having an evaporation chamber and a turbulence chamber, the evaporation chamber being divided into multiple independent spray chambers, which are connected to the turbulence chamber; multiple spray nozzles disposed on the main shell, each nozzle connected to a spray chamber and spraying liquid water into the spray chamber, the liquid water being capable of vaporizing into gaseous water; multiple turbulence plates spaced apart in the turbulence chamber, the turbulence plates being used to turbulent the unvaporized liquid water and gaseous water and air; and an output pipe disposed at one end of the main shell and connected to the turbulence chamber, the output pipe also being connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack, for inputting gaseous water and air into the cathode inlet. This ensures atomization effect and prevents liquid water accumulation, thereby preventing liquid water from entering the fuel cell stack and causing flooding, thus preventing fuel cell system malfunction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a spray humidification device and a fuel cell system. Background Technology

[0002] The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is highly dependent on the humidity control of the reactant gases. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) must maintain a suitable hydration state to ensure proton conduction efficiency: too low humidity will lead to membrane drying and decreased reaction efficiency; too high humidity will cause "flooding," blocking gas flow channels and causing performance degradation. This humidity control requirement is even more challenging in high-temperature aerospace fuel cells—although higher operating temperatures reduce the risk of "flooding," they impose more stringent requirements on the humidity at the stack inlet. Among external humidification technologies, spray humidification is a feasible solution due to its simple structure, controllable water volume, and cooling effect; however, spray technology often uses multiple nozzles connected in parallel to meet the requirements, causing water mist to easily collide and condense into droplets, resulting in poor atomization. Furthermore, since the atomization chamber is connected in series with the air duct, there is a large amount of liquid water, which can easily flow directly into the stack with the airflow, causing "flooding," leading to flow channel blockage or gas path failure, and ultimately causing fuel cell system failure and affecting the performance of the fuel cell system. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a spray humidification device and fuel cell system to address the problems of poor atomization effect and easy flooding in the current fuel cell system spray humidification. This device can ensure atomization effect, avoid liquid water accumulation, and thus prevent liquid water from entering the fuel cell stack and causing flooding, thereby avoiding fuel cell system failure and ensuring the performance of the fuel cell system.

[0004] A spray humidification device is applied in a fuel cell system for humidifying the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system. The spray humidification device includes:

[0005] The main body shell has an evaporation chamber and a turbulence chamber connected in sequence. The evaporation chamber is divided into multiple independent spray chambers, and the multiple spray chambers are connected to the turbulence chamber.

[0006] Multiple spray nozzles are disposed on the main body shell, each spray nozzle is connected to a spray chamber and sprays liquid water into the spray chamber, so that the liquid water can be vaporized into gaseous water in the main body shell;

[0007] Multiple baffles are spaced apart in the baffle cavity, and the baffles are used to turbulent the flow of unvaporized liquid water and gaseous water and air;

[0008] An output pipe is located at one end of the main body shell and communicates with the turbulence cavity. The output pipe is also connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack and is used to input gaseous water and air into the cathode inlet.

[0009] In one embodiment of this application, the spoiler plate has a plurality of through-holes, at least some of which have different diameters.

[0010] In one embodiment of this application, each of the spray chambers corresponds to at least one of the baffles;

[0011] When a certain spray chamber corresponds to at least two of the baffles, the at least two baffles are arranged at intervals along the flow direction of the gaseous water, and the baffle holes on adjacent baffles are at least partially staggered.

[0012] In one embodiment of this application, the extending direction of the spray nozzle is the same as the extending direction of the output pipe, so that the spray nozzle sprays liquid water along the flow direction of gaseous water.

[0013] And / or, the spray humidification device further includes a baffle disposed in the evaporation chamber to divide the evaporation chamber into multiple independent spray chambers;

[0014] And / or, the spray humidification device further includes an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, and a heat exchanger. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are disposed on the main body shell and connected to the heat exchanger. The air inlet pipe is also connected to the hydrogen exhaust pipe and the air exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack. The main body shell also has a heat exchange chamber located between the turbulence chamber and the output pipe. The heat exchanger is disposed in the heat exchange chamber and can absorb the heat of the hydrogen exhaust gas and air exhaust gas input by the air inlet pipe to vaporize the liquid water into gaseous water. The hydrogen exhaust gas and air exhaust gas after heat exchange are discharged through the air outlet pipe.

[0015] And / or, the spray humidification device further includes an input pipe, which is disposed at the other end of the main body shell and communicates with the evaporation chamber, and the input pipe is used to input air into the main body shell.

[0016] In one embodiment of this application, the main body shell also includes a drain pipe, which is disposed at the bottom of the output pipe and communicates with the output pipe. The drain pipe is used to discharge unvaporized liquid water.

[0017] In one embodiment of this application, the spray humidification device further includes a hydrocyclone, which is rotatably disposed in the output pipe. When the hydrocyclone rotates, it can use centrifugal force to collect liquid water and discharge it through the drain pipe.

[0018] And / or, the output pipe includes a first pipe body and a second pipe body, the first pipe body is disposed at one end of the main body shell, the second pipe body is disposed at the end of the first pipe body away from the main body shell, the inner diameter of the first pipe body is larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe body to form a water-blocking step, the drain pipe is disposed at the bottom of the first pipe body, and the cyclone separator of the spray humidification device is rotatably disposed in the first pipe body.

[0019] A fuel cell system includes a water supply device, a battery device, an air handling device, and a spray humidification device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0020] The water supply device is connected to the battery device and the spray humidification device to form a circuit. The liquid water produced by the reaction of the battery device is stored in the water supply device, and the water supply device delivers the liquid water to the spray humidification device.

[0021] The air handling unit is connected to the spray humidification unit. The air handling unit delivers air to the spray humidification unit and heats the liquid water in the spray humidification unit to vaporize the liquid water into gaseous water. The air and gaseous water enter the battery device together to humidify the battery device.

[0022] In one embodiment of this application, the battery device includes a fuel cell stack, an anode inlet pipe, a cathode inlet pipe, a hydrogen exhaust pipe, and an air exhaust pipe. The anode inlet pipe and the hydrogen exhaust pipe are connected to the anode inlet and anode outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the cathode inlet pipe and the air exhaust pipe are connected to the cathode inlet and cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen exhaust pipe and the air exhaust pipe are also connected to the air inlet pipe of the spray humidification device.

[0023] In one embodiment of this application, the battery device further includes a temperature sensor disposed on the cathode inlet pipe. The temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature of air entering the fuel cell stack in order to control the amount of water sprayed from the spray nozzles in the spray humidification device.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, the water supply device includes a water supply pipeline and a condenser, a water storage tank, and a water pump connected in series through the water supply pipeline. The condenser is used to condense the products of the fuel cell stack reaction in the battery device into liquid water, and store it in the water storage tank through the water supply pipeline. The water supply pipeline is also connected to the spray nozzle of the spray humidification device, and the water pump transports the liquid water in the water storage tank to the spray nozzle through the water supply pipeline.

[0025] And / or, the air handling device includes an air filter and an air compressor, the air filter being connected to the air compressor, and the air compressor being connected to the input pipe of the spray humidification device; wherein, the air compressor is a centrifugal air compressor, or, the air compressor includes a turbine air compressor, the turbine air compressor being connected to the input pipe, and the turbine air compressor also being connected to the air exhaust pipe of the battery device and the air inlet pipe of the spray humidification device;

[0026] And / or, the battery device further includes a back pressure valve disposed in the air exhaust pipe, the back pressure valve being able to regulate the feed flow rate and feed pressure of the air compressor into the fuel cell stack.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, this application has at least the following technical effects:

[0028] The spray humidification device and fuel cell system of this application, in which liquid water is sprayed through the spray nozzles into the corresponding spray chambers, can vaporize into gaseous water within the main body shell. A baffle plate in the baffle chamber can turbulently flow the unvaporized liquid water, thereby enhancing its vaporization. Simultaneously, the baffle plate can also turbulently flow the gaseous water and air within the baffle chamber, increasing the turbulence between the gaseous water and air to further enhance the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water. Then, the air and gaseous water are input to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack through the output pipe, humidifying the fuel cell stack while simultaneously introducing air into it.

[0029] Thus, this spray humidification device uses multiple spray nozzles to spray liquid water for humidification. Each spray nozzle corresponds to an independent spray chamber, preventing liquid water from colliding and condensing into droplets during vaporization, ensuring atomization effect. At the same time, the baffle in the baffle chamber can turbulent the unvaporized liquid water to enhance its vaporization. Simultaneously, the baffle in the baffle chamber can also turbulent the gaseous water and air, increasing the turbulence between the gaseous water and air to enhance the vaporization of unvaporized liquid water. The gaseous water directly enters the fuel cell stack through the output pipe, avoiding liquid water accumulation and thus preventing flooding caused by liquid water entering the fuel cell stack. This avoids fuel cell system failure and ensures the performance of the fuel cell system. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system in the first embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a spray humidification device in a fuel cell system.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The spray humidification device shown is a perspective view from one angle.

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The spray humidification device shown is a perspective view from another angle.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The front view of the spray humidification device shown.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The spray humidification device shown is a cross-sectional view at point AA.

[0036] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The sectional view of the spray humidification device shown at point BB.

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a spray humidification device with part of its main outer shell removed.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system in the second embodiment of this application.

[0039] Among them: 10, fuel cell system; 100, spray humidification device; 110, main body shell; 111, evaporation chamber; 1111, spray chamber; 112, turbulence chamber; 113, heat exchange chamber; 120, spray nozzle; 130, turbulence plate; 131, turbulence hole; 140, output pipe; 150, air inlet pipe; 160, air outlet pipe; 170, heat exchanger; 180, input pipe; 190, drain pipe; 101, cyclone separator; 102, baffle; 200, water supply device. 210. Water supply pipeline; 220. Condenser; 230. Water storage tank; 240. Water pump; 300. Battery unit; 310. Fuel cell stack; 320. Anode inlet pipe; 330. Hydrogen exhaust pipe; 340. Cathode inlet pipe; 350. Air exhaust pipe; 360. Ejector; 370. Solenoid valve; 380. Back pressure valve; 400. Air handling unit; 410. Air filter; 420. Centrifugal air compressor; 430. Turbine air compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0042] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact, or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0046] Understandably, the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is highly dependent on the humidity control of the reactant gases. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) must maintain a suitable hydration state to ensure proton conduction efficiency: too low humidity will lead to dryness of the proton exchange membrane and a decrease in reaction efficiency; too high humidity will cause "flooding," blocking gas flow channels and causing performance degradation. This humidity control requirement is even more challenging in high-temperature aerospace fuel cells—although higher operating temperatures can reduce the risk of "flooding," they impose more stringent requirements on the humidity at the stack inlet. Among external humidification technologies, spray humidification is a feasible solution due to its simple structure, controllable water volume, and cooling effect; however, spray technology often uses multiple nozzles connected in parallel to meet the requirements, causing water mist to easily collide and condense into droplets, resulting in poor atomization. Furthermore, since the atomization chamber is connected in series with the air duct, there is a large amount of liquid water, which can easily flow directly into the stack with the airflow, causing "flooding," leading to flow channel blockage or gas path failure, and ultimately causing fuel cell system failure and affecting the performance of the fuel cell system.

[0047] For this purpose, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This application provides a spray humidification device 100, which is applied in a fuel cell system 10. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system 10 in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the spray humidification device 100 in the fuel cell system 10 shown. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The spray humidification device 100 shown is a perspective view from one angle. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The spray humidification device 100 shown is a perspective view from another angle.

[0048] To better illustrate the structure of the spray humidification device 100, the structure of the fuel cell system 10 will be briefly introduced here. (See also...) Figure 1The fuel cell system 10 includes a water supply device 200, a battery device 300, an air handling device 400, and the spray humidification device 100 of this application. The water supply device 200 is connected to the battery device 300 and the spray humidification device 100 to form a circuit. The liquid water produced by the reaction in the battery device 300 is stored in the water supply device 200, which then delivers the liquid water to the spray humidification device 100. The air handling device 400 is connected to the spray humidification device 100, which delivers air to the spray humidification device 100 and heats the liquid water in the spray humidification device 100, causing the liquid water to vaporize into gaseous water. The air and gaseous water then enter the battery device 300 together to humidify the battery device 300.

[0049] The water supply device 200 is a structure for storing liquid water in the fuel cell system 10 and supplying liquid water to the spray humidification device 100. The battery device 300 is the core component of the fuel cell system 10. The air handling device 400 is a structure for inputting air into the battery device 300. By introducing hydrogen and air into the battery device 300, the battery device 300 can output electrical energy. The spray humidification device 100 is a humidification structure that can input gaseous water into the battery device 300 to humidify the battery device 300, thereby ensuring that the proton exchange membrane of the battery device 300 maintains a suitable hydration state, thereby ensuring proton conduction efficiency and thus ensuring the reaction efficiency of the battery device 300.

[0050] Specifically, the water supply device 200 is connected to the spray humidification device 100 and the battery device 300, forming a circuit. The air handling device 400 is connected to the spray humidification device 100 and, through the spray humidification device 100, to the battery device 300. The water supply device 200 can collect the liquid water generated during the reaction process of the battery device 300 and store the liquid water in the water supply device 200. The air handling device 400 can filter and treat the air and deliver it to the battery device 300 through the spray humidification device 100.

[0051] When the battery device 300 requires humidification, the water supply device 200 supplies liquid water to the spray humidification device 100. The liquid water vaporizes into gaseous water in the spray humidification device 100 and enters the battery device 300 along with the air to humidify the proton exchange membrane. Understandably, the air handling device 400 generates heat during the air handling process. This heat enters the spray humidification device 100 along with the air, providing heat for the vaporization of the liquid water, enabling it to vaporize into gaseous water.

[0052] See Figure 1In one embodiment, the battery device 300 includes a fuel cell stack 310, an anode inlet pipe 320, a cathode inlet pipe 340, a hydrogen exhaust pipe 330, and an air exhaust pipe 350. The anode inlet pipe 320 and the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 are connected to the anode inlet and anode outlet of the fuel cell stack 310, and the cathode inlet pipe 340 and the air exhaust pipe 350 are connected to the cathode inlet and cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack 310. The hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 and the air exhaust pipe 350 are also connected to the air inlet pipe 150 of the spray humidification device 100.

[0053] The fuel cell stack 310 is the main structure of the battery device 300. The fuel cell stack 310 has an anode inlet, an anode outlet, a cathode inlet, and a cathode outlet. The anode inlet is used to introduce hydrogen gas, and the cathode inlet is used to introduce air gas. After the hydrogen gas and air react in the fuel cell stack 310, air exhaust gas and hydrogen exhaust gas are produced. The hydrogen exhaust gas is discharged through the anode outlet, and the air exhaust gas is discharged through the cathode outlet.

[0054] One end of the anode inlet pipe 320 is connected to the anode inlet, and the other end is connected to a hydrogen storage device. Hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the anode inlet pipe 320. One end of the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 is connected to the anode outlet, through which hydrogen exhaust gas is discharged. One end of the cathode inlet pipe 340 is connected to the cathode inlet, and the other end is connected to the spray humidification device 100. Air and gaseous water in the spray humidification device 100 enter the fuel cell stack 310 through the cathode inlet pipe 340. One end of the air exhaust pipe 350 is connected to the cathode outlet, through which air exhaust gas is discharged.

[0055] Optionally, the other end of the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 is connected to the spray humidification device 100, and the hydrogen exhaust gas enters the spray humidification device 100 through the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330. The other end of the air exhaust pipe 350 is connected to the spray humidification device 100, and the air exhaust gas enters the spray humidification device 100 through the air exhaust pipe 350. In this way, both air exhaust gas and hydrogen exhaust gas can enter the spray humidification device 100.

[0056] Understandably, the reaction between hydrogen and air in the fuel cell stack 310 generates heat, and the exhaust gases from the air and hydrogen will carry this heat with them after exiting the fuel cell stack 310. When the exhaust gases enter the spray humidification device 100, this heat can be recovered and used to heat the liquid water in the spray humidification device 100, causing the liquid water to vaporize into gaseous water, thus improving energy efficiency and avoiding the need for cooling water to heat the fuel cell stack 310.

[0057] It should be noted that the hydrogen tail gas usually contains a small amount of unreacted hydrogen, liquid water and gaseous water, and nitrogen. The hydrogen tail gas is discharged from the anode outlet. Most of the unreacted hydrogen is recovered into the anode inlet pipe 320. The remaining liquid water and gaseous water, nitrogen and a small amount of hydrogen enter the spray humidification device 100 through the hydrogen tail pipe 330.

[0058] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the water supply device 200 includes a water supply pipeline 210 and a condenser 220, a water storage tank 230, and a water pump 240 connected in series through the water supply pipeline 210. The condenser 220 is used to condense the products of the reaction of the fuel cell stack 310 in the battery device 300 into liquid water and store it in the water storage tank 230 through the water supply pipeline 210. The water supply pipeline 210 is also connected to the spray nozzle 120 of the spray humidification device 100. The water pump 240 transports the liquid water in the water storage tank 230 to the spray nozzle 120 through the water supply pipeline 210.

[0059] Water supply pipeline 210 is a pipeline for transporting liquid water. Condenser 220, water storage tank 230, and water pump 240 are sequentially arranged in series in water supply pipeline 210. The end of water supply pipeline 210 is connected to spray humidification device 100. Water produced during the reaction of fuel cell stack 310 is condensed by condenser 220 and enters water supply pipeline 210. Liquid water flows in water supply pipeline 210 and is stored in water storage tank 230.

[0060] The water pump 240 is the power component for supplying liquid water. When liquid water needs to be supplied to the spray humidification device 100, the water pump 240 operates, drawing liquid water from the water storage tank 230. The liquid water enters the water supply pipeline 210 and then flows into the spray humidification device 100. It is worth noting that the type of condenser 220 is not limited in principle, as long as it can condense water. Optionally, the condenser 220 may include, but is not limited to, an air-cooled condenser, or other types of condensers.

[0061] See Figure 1In one embodiment, the air handling unit 400 includes an air filter 410 and an air compressor. The air filter 410 is connected to the air compressor, and the air compressor is connected to the input pipe 180 of the spray humidification device 100. One end of the air compressor is connected to the air filter 410, and the other end is connected to the spray humidification device 100. After being filtered by the air filter 410, outside air is drawn in by the air compressor, which pressurizes and heats the air. The pressurized and heated air is then delivered to the spray humidification device 100 and subsequently to the fuel cell stack 310. It is understood that the air compressor generates heat during air handling, and the air carries this heat into the spray humidification device 100, causing liquid water to vaporize into gaseous water.

[0062] The working process of the fuel cell system 10 of this application is as follows: Hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the anode inlet pipe 320. Air, after being processed by the air filter 410 and the air compressor, enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the spray humidification device 100 and the cathode inlet pipe 340. The air and hydrogen react in the fuel cell electric propulsion to produce liquid water, air exhaust gas, and hydrogen exhaust gas. The liquid water, gaseous water, and the remaining unreacted air and hydrogen are condensed by the condenser 220 and stored in the water storage tank 230. The air exhaust gas enters the spray humidification device 100 through the air exhaust pipe 350, and the hydrogen exhaust gas enters the spray humidification device 100 through the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330. The mixing of hydrogen exhaust gas and air exhaust gas can reduce the concentration of hydrogen and ensure safety. When humidification of the fuel cell stack 310 is required, the water pump 240 draws liquid water from the water storage tank 230 and sprays it into the spray humidification device 100. The liquid water absorbs heat and vaporizes into gaseous water in the spray humidification device 100. Air and gaseous water enter the fuel cell stack 310 together through the cathode inlet pipe 340 to achieve the purpose of humidification.

[0063] The spray humidification device 100 of this application can prevent liquid water from condensing into droplets during vaporization, ensuring atomization effect and increasing the turbulence between liquid water, gaseous water, and air, facilitating the vaporization of unvaporized liquid water. Simultaneously, it can prevent liquid water accumulation, thereby preventing flooding of the fuel cell stack 310 and thus avoiding malfunctions of the fuel cell system 10, ensuring its performance. The specific structures of the spray humidification device 100 in some embodiments are described below.

[0064] See Figures 1 to 8In one embodiment, the spray humidification device 100 includes a main housing 110, a plurality of spray nozzles 120, a plurality of baffles 130, and an output pipe 140. The main housing 110 has an evaporation chamber 111 and a baffle chamber 112 connected in sequence. The evaporation chamber 111 is divided into a plurality of independent spray chambers 1111, and the plurality of spray chambers 1111 are connected to the baffle chamber 112. The plurality of spray nozzles 120 are disposed on the main housing 110, each spray nozzle 120 is connected to a spray chamber 1111, and sprays liquid water into the spray chamber 1111. The liquid water can be vaporized into gaseous water in the spray chamber 1111. The plurality of baffles 130 are spaced apart in the baffle chamber 112, and the baffles 130 are used to turbulent the unvaporized liquid water and gaseous water with the air.

[0065] The output pipe 140 is located at one end of the main body shell 110 and is connected to the turbulence cavity 112. The output pipe 140 is also connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack 310 for inputting gaseous water and air into the cathode inlet. Figure 5 for Figure 2 The front view of the spray humidification device 100 shown is shown. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The sectional view of the spray humidification device 100 shown at point AA. Figure 7 for Figure 5 The sectional view of the spray humidification device 100 shown at BB is shown. Figure 8 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram shown is of the spray humidification device 100 with part of the main body shell 110 removed.

[0066] The main housing 110 is the outer shell of the spray humidification device 100. The main housing 110 is hollow, and its inner cavity includes an evaporation chamber 111 and a turbulence chamber 112 connected in sequence. Air and gaseous water are discharged from the evaporation chamber 111 after being agitated by the turbulence chamber 112. Furthermore, the evaporation chamber 111 is divided into multiple independent spray chambers 1111, which are each connected to the turbulence chamber 112. Multiple spray nozzles 120 are disposed through the main housing 110, with some nozzles located on the outside and some on the inside of the main housing 110. Each spray nozzle 120 corresponds to one spray chamber 1111, and the spray nozzles 120 can be connected to the water supply pipe 210 in the water supply device 200.

[0067] In this embodiment, there are two spray nozzles 120. Correspondingly, the evaporation chamber 111 is divided into two independent spray chambers 1111, and each spray nozzle 120 sprays in the corresponding spray chamber 1111. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the number of spray nozzles 120 may be three or other numbers, and the number of spray chambers 1111 is equal to the number of spray nozzles 120.

[0068] When the spray humidification device 100 is working, the water supply pipe 210 delivers liquid water to multiple spray nozzles 120, which then spray the liquid water into a mist in their respective spray chambers 1111. The liquid water vaporizes in the main body shell 110 to form gaseous water. Furthermore, because the multiple spray chambers 1111 are independently set, after the spray nozzles 120 spray liquid water in their respective spray chambers 1111, the spray chambers 1111 can make the liquid water sprayed by the spray nozzles 120 more evenly distributed. At the same time, the water mist in adjacent spray chambers 1111 will not collide and condense, thus preventing mixing and facilitating the vaporization of liquid water into gaseous water.

[0069] The spray nozzle 120 continuously sprays a mist of liquid water into the corresponding spray chamber 1111. The liquid water gradually vaporizes into gaseous water, and the gaseous water, mixed with some of the misty liquid water, flows into the turbulence chamber 112. Multiple baffles 130 are spaced apart in the turbulence chamber 112. Unvaporized liquid water, gaseous water, and air come into contact with the baffles 130 as they pass through the turbulence chamber 112. The baffles 130 increase the turbulence of the unvaporized liquid water, thereby increasing the gas-liquid contact time and area and enhancing the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water. At the same time, the baffles 130 also turbulent the gaseous water and air, thereby enhancing the turbulence of the gaseous water and air and further enhancing the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water. The output pipe 140 is located at one end of the main body shell 110 and is connected to the turbulence chamber 112. The output pipe 140 is connected to the cathode inlet pipe 340. Gaseous water and air are discharged from the turbulence chamber 112 through the output pipe 140 and enter the fuel cell stack 310 through the cathode inlet pipe 340.

[0070] When the spray humidification device 100 of this application humidifies the fuel cell stack 310, the water pump 240 delivers the spray water in the water storage tank 230 to the spray nozzle 120. The spray nozzle 120 sprays water mist-like liquid water in the corresponding spray chamber 1111. The liquid water gradually vaporizes into gaseous water in the spray chamber 1111. The unvaporized liquid water and gaseous water flow with the air and enter the turbulence chamber 112 to turbulence, so as to enhance the turbulence of the unvaporized liquid water, gaseous water and air, and strengthen the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water. The gaseous water also enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the output pipe 140 and the cathode inlet pipe 340 with the air.

[0071] The spray humidification device 100 of the above embodiment uses multiple spray nozzles 120 to spray liquid water for humidification. Each spray nozzle 120 corresponds to an independent spray chamber 1111, which avoids the liquid water from colliding and condensing into droplets during vaporization, ensuring the atomization effect. At the same time, the baffle plate 130 can turbulent the unvaporized liquid water in the baffle chamber 112 to enhance the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water in the spray chamber 1111. At the same time, the baffle plate 130 can also turbulent the gaseous water and air in the baffle chamber 112 to enhance the turbulence of the gaseous water and air, thereby enhancing the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water. The gaseous water directly enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the output pipe 140 to avoid the accumulation of liquid water, thereby avoiding the flooding caused by liquid water entering the fuel cell stack 310, thus avoiding the failure of the fuel cell system 10 and ensuring the performance of the fuel cell system 10.

[0072] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In one embodiment, the spray humidification device 100 further includes an inlet pipe 150, an outlet pipe 160, and a heat exchanger 170. The inlet pipe 150 and the outlet pipe 160 are disposed on the main body shell 110 and connected to the heat exchanger 170. The inlet pipe 150 is also connected to the hydrogen tailpipe 330 and the air tailpipe 350 of the fuel cell stack 310. The main body shell 110 also has a heat exchange chamber 113, which is located between the turbulence chamber 112 and the output pipe 140. The heat exchanger 170 is disposed in the heat exchange chamber 113. The heat exchanger 170 can absorb the heat of the hydrogen tail gas and air tail gas input by the inlet pipe 150 to vaporize the liquid water into gaseous water. The hydrogen tail gas and air tail gas after heat exchange are discharged through the outlet pipe 160.

[0073] In other words, the inner cavity of the main outer shell 110 includes an evaporation chamber 111, a turbulence chamber 112, and a heat exchange chamber 113 connected in sequence. The heat exchange chamber 113 is located on the side of the turbulence chamber 112 away from the evaporation chamber 111. A heat exchanger 170 is disposed in the heat exchange chamber 113. The heat exchanger 170 enables heat exchange, allowing unvaporized liquid water, air, and gaseous water to flow from the evaporation chamber 111 through the turbulence chamber 112 to the heat exchange chamber 113 for heat exchange before being output. The turbulence plate 130 in the turbulence chamber 112 further turbulentizes the gaseous water and air, enhancing the turbulence of the gaseous water and air to strengthen the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water entering the heat exchange chamber 113, thus maximizing the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water.

[0074] An inlet pipe 150 and an outlet pipe 160 are located on one side of the main casing 110 and connected to a heat exchanger 170. The inlet pipe 150 is connected to the air exhaust pipe 350 and the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 in the battery device 300, while the outlet pipe 160 is connected to the external environment. Air exhaust gas from the reaction in the fuel cell stack 310 enters the heat exchanger 170 through the air exhaust pipe 350, and hydrogen exhaust gas enters the heat exchanger 170 through the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330. The air and hydrogen exhaust gases, carrying a certain amount of heat, heat the liquid water in the heat exchange chamber 113 through the heat exchanger 170, further vaporizing the liquid water into gaseous water. The gaseous water and air in the heat exchange chamber 113 are discharged from the heat exchange chamber 113 through the outlet pipe 140 and enter the fuel cell stack 310 through the cathode inlet pipe 340.

[0075] Understandably, because the latent heat required for liquid water to vaporize into gaseous water is relatively high, the heat contained in the hot air at the air compressor outlet is insufficient to meet the humidity requirements of the fuel cell stack 310. Therefore, a heat exchanger 170 is introduced to recover the exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack 310. Specifically, the air exhaust pipe 350 delivers the exhaust air to the heat exchanger 170 through the air inlet pipe 150, and the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 delivers the exhaust hydrogen to the heat exchanger 170 through the air inlet pipe 150. The hydrogen exhaust gas and the air exhaust gas can heat the liquid water through the heat exchanger 170, causing the liquid water to vaporize into gaseous water.

[0076] In this way, the heat exchanger 170 can utilize the heat from the exhaust gas in the fuel cell stack 310 to achieve heat recovery, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency, avoiding the need for cooling water heating of the fuel cell stack 310, and reducing the overall weight of the fuel cell system 10. It is worth noting that the type of heat exchanger 170 is not limited in principle, as long as it can be installed in the heat exchange chamber 113 and achieve heat exchange.

[0077] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In one embodiment, the baffle 130 has a plurality of through-holes 131, at least some of which have different diameters. The baffle 130 is disposed through-holes along the airflow direction (which is also the airflow direction of the gaseous water and the extension direction of the outlet pipe 140). During the flow of the gaseous water, the unvaporized liquid water, gaseous water, and air can come into contact with the baffle 130 to change the flow direction and speed, thereby increasing the turbulence of the unvaporized liquid water, gaseous water, and air, increasing the contact time and area between the gaseous water and the liquid water, and enhancing the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water.

[0078] Moreover, at least some of the turbulence holes 131 on the spoiler 130 have different diameters, that is, multiple turbulence holes 131 on the spoiler 130 are variable diameter holes with different diameters. In this way, eddies can be induced by turbulence holes 131 with different diameters to change the flow velocity of unvaporized liquid water, gaseous water and air, thereby enhancing the vaporization of unvaporized liquid water.

[0079] In one embodiment, the baffle 130 is connected to the top wall, bottom wall, and side wall of the main body shell 110. In this way, when the gaseous water flows through the baffle cavity 112, the gaseous water will not flow through the top, bottom wall, and side plate of the baffle 130, but can only flow through the baffle hole 131.

[0080] In one embodiment, the turbulence-disrupting hole 131 is one or more combinations of circular, elliptical, polygonal, and other regular or irregular shapes. In this embodiment, the turbulence-disrupting hole 131 is circular. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the shape of the turbulence-disrupting hole 131 can be square or a combination of circular and square, etc. In one embodiment, the diameters of the various turbulence-disrupting holes 131 are partially the same and partially different. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the diameters of the various turbulence-disrupting holes 131 may also be different.

[0081] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In one embodiment, each spray chamber 1111 corresponds to at least one baffle 130. That is, after the gaseous water flows out of the spray chamber 1111, it can come into contact with at least one baffle 130. In this embodiment, as... Figure 8 As shown, the spray chamber 1111 on the left corresponds to one spoiler 130, and the spray chamber 1111 on the right corresponds to two spoilers 130. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, each spray chamber 1111 may also correspond to two spoilers 130 or other numbers of spoilers 130.

[0082] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In one embodiment, when a spray chamber 1111 corresponds to at least two baffles 130, the at least two baffles 130 are arranged at intervals along the flow direction of gaseous water, and the baffle holes 131 on adjacent baffles 130 are at least partially staggered. That is, at least two baffles 130 corresponding to the same spray chamber 1111 are arranged at intervals, and the baffle holes 131 on the at least two baffles 130 are staggered, which can be completely staggered or partially staggered.

[0083] In this way, after at least two spaced-apart baffles 130 are installed at the position corresponding to a spray chamber 1111, unvaporized liquid water, gaseous water, and air can sequentially contact at least two baffles 130 to enhance the mixing effect and thus enhance the vaporization of unvaporized liquid water. At the same time, the staggered arrangement of the baffle holes 131 can also contact the gaseous water at different positions, reducing the flow resistance of the pipeline. Optionally, the baffles 130 corresponding to adjacent spray chambers 1111 are staggered, that is, there is a gap between the baffles 130 on both sides in the direction of gaseous water flow.

[0084] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In one embodiment, the extension direction of the spray nozzle 120 is the same as the extension direction of the output pipe 140, so that the spray nozzle 120 sprays liquid water along the flow direction of the gaseous water. That is, the arrangement direction of the spray nozzle 120 is the same as the flow direction of the gaseous water. In this way, the spray nozzle 120 can spray water mist-like liquid water along the flow direction of the gaseous water, avoiding the formation of droplet aggregation due to convection of gaseous water or vertical flow, and reducing the water pressure requirement of the water pump 240.

[0085] See Figures 2 to 8 In one embodiment, the spray humidification device 100 further includes an input pipe 180, which is located at the other end of the main housing 110 and communicates with the evaporation chamber 111. The input pipe 180 is used to input air into the main housing 110. The input pipe 180 is located at the end of the main housing 110 away from the output pipe 140 and is connected to an air compressor. After the air is processed by the air filter 410 and the air compressor, the air is delivered to the spray humidification device 100 through the input pipe 180, and then enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the spray humidification device 100. When the spray humidification device 100 is working, the air carrying gaseous water flows in the spray humidification device 100 and then enters the fuel cell stack 310.

[0086] See Figures 2 to 8 In one embodiment, the main housing 110 also includes a drain pipe 190, which is located at the bottom of the output pipe 140 and communicates with it. The drain pipe 190 is used to discharge unvaporized liquid water. For variable load conditions and when liquid water sprayed from the spray nozzle 120 impacts and generates trace amounts of unvaporized liquid water, this can be discharged through the drain pipe 190, preventing liquid water from accumulating in the main housing 110.

[0087] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8In one embodiment, the spray humidification device 100 further includes a hydrocyclone 101, which is rotatably disposed in the output pipe 140. When the hydrocyclone 101 rotates, it can use centrifugal force to collect liquid water and discharge it through the drain pipe 190. The hydrocyclone 101 is disposed at one end of the output pipe 140 near the main housing 110. When the hydrocyclone 101 is working, it can rotate to generate centrifugal force to collect liquid water, so that the unvaporized liquid water can be separated from the gaseous water, thereby discharging the liquid water. The gaseous water enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the output pipe 140.

[0088] See Figures 2 to 8 In one embodiment, the output pipe 140 includes a first pipe body 141 and a second pipe body 142. The first pipe body 141 is disposed at one end of the main body shell 110, and the second pipe body 142 is disposed at the end of the first pipe body 141 away from the main body shell 110. The inner diameter of the first pipe body 141 is larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe body 142 to form a water-blocking step 143. The drain pipe 190 is disposed at the bottom of the first pipe body 141, and the cyclone separator 101 of the spray humidification device 100 is rotatably disposed in the first pipe body 141.

[0089] The first tube 141 and the second tube 142 enable the output tube 140 to be arranged in a stepped manner. The large-diameter end of the output tube 140, i.e., one end of the first tube 141, is connected to one end of the main body shell 110, and the small-diameter end of the output tube 140, i.e., one end of the second tube 142, is connected to the other end of the first tube 141. The other end of the second tube 142 is connected to the cathode inlet tube 340. After the first tube 141 and the second tube 142 are connected, a stepped water-blocking step 143 is formed at the connection between the first tube 141 and the second tube 142.

[0090] When the liquid water flows to the output pipe 140, the water-blocking step 143 blocks the flow of liquid water, thereby preventing the liquid water from entering the cathode inlet pipe 340 through the second pipe 142, so that the liquid water is stored in the first pipe 141 and prevents the liquid water from entering the fuel cell stack 310.

[0091] Furthermore, a drain pipe 190 is located at the bottom of the first pipe body 141 and is connected to the first pipe body 141. In this way, liquid water in the first pipe body 141 can be discharged through the drain pipe 190. A hydrocyclone 101 is rotatably disposed in the first pipe body 141. The hydrocyclone 101 uses centrifugal force to collect liquid water and make it adhere to the wall of the first pipe body 141. The water-blocking step 143 blocks the liquid water on the wall and finally discharges it from the first pipe body 141 through the drain pipe 190, preventing liquid water from entering the fuel cell stack 310.

[0092] The spray humidification device 100 of this application uses multiple spray nozzles 120 to spray liquid water for humidification. Each spray nozzle 120 corresponds to an independent spray chamber 1111, which avoids the liquid water from colliding and condensing into droplets during vaporization, ensuring the atomization effect. At the same time, the baffle 130 in the baffle chamber 112 can turbulent the unvaporized liquid water to enhance the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water in the spray chamber 1111. In addition, the baffle 130 in the baffle chamber 112 can also turbulent the gaseous water and air, increasing the degree of turbulence between the gaseous water and the air, thereby enhancing the vaporization of the unvaporized liquid water. The gaseous water directly enters the fuel cell stack 310 through the output pipe 140, avoiding the accumulation of liquid water, and thus avoiding the flooding phenomenon caused by liquid water entering the fuel cell stack 310, thereby avoiding the failure of the fuel cell system 10 and ensuring the performance of the fuel cell system 10.

[0093] Meanwhile, the spray humidification device 100 has an air inlet pipe 150 and an air outlet pipe 160 on the main casing 110. The air inlet pipe 150 can be connected to the air exhaust pipe 350 and the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330 of the fuel cell stack 310 to utilize the heat of the exhaust gas after the reaction of the fuel cell stack 310 to exchange heat with the liquid water in the main casing 110, thereby improving energy utilization and reducing the overall weight of the fuel cell system 10. Moreover, the extension direction of the spray nozzle 120 is the same as the extension direction of the output pipe 140 to prevent gaseous water from agglomerating into liquid water. The multiple baffles 130 are arranged at intervals to reduce the flow resistance of the pipeline, and the staggered baffle holes 131 on the baffles 130 can further reduce the flow resistance of the pipeline.

[0094] See Figures 1 to 4 This application also provides a fuel cell system 10, including a water supply device 200, a battery device 300, an air handling device 400, and a spray humidification device 100 as described in any of the above embodiments. The water supply device 200 is connected to the battery device 300 and the spray humidification device 100 to form a circuit. The liquid water produced by the reaction in the battery device 300 is stored in the water supply device 200, and the water supply device 200 delivers the liquid water to the spray humidification device 100. The air handling device 400 is connected to the spray humidification device 100, and the air handling device 400 delivers air to the spray humidification device 100 and heats the liquid water in the spray humidification device 100 to vaporize the liquid water into gaseous water. The air and gaseous water enter the battery device 300 together to humidify the battery device 300.

[0095] The water supply device 200 is connected to the spray nozzle 120 of the spray humidification device 100 to spray water mist-like liquid water into the corresponding spray chamber 1111 through the spray nozzle 120. The battery device 300 is connected to the air inlet pipe 150 of the spray humidification device 100 to transport air exhaust gas and hydrogen exhaust gas to the spray humidification device 100. After the fuel cell of this application adopts the spray humidification device 100 of the above embodiment, it can avoid the liquid water from colliding and condensing into droplets during the vaporization process, ensuring the atomization effect, and increasing the turbulence of gaseous water, which facilitates the flow of gaseous water and avoids the accumulation of liquid water. This prevents liquid water from entering the fuel cell stack 310 and causing flooding, thereby avoiding the failure of the fuel cell system 10 and ensuring the performance of the fuel cell system 10.

[0096] In one embodiment, the battery device 300 further includes an ejector 360 and a solenoid valve 370, which are spaced apart at the anode inlet pipe 320. The solenoid valve 370 controls the opening and closing of the anode inlet pipe 320. The ejector 360 is connected to the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330. After the hydrogen exhaust gas enters the hydrogen exhaust pipe 330, the ejector 360 can recover unreacted hydrogen in the hydrogen exhaust gas and transport it together with fresh hydrogen through the anode inlet pipe 320 to the fuel cell stack 310.

[0097] In one embodiment, the battery device 300 further includes a temperature sensor disposed in the cathode inlet pipe 340. The temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack 310, so as to control the water spray volume of the spray nozzles 120 in the spray humidification device 100. It is understood that the operating conditions of the fuel cell system 10 vary with altitude, which can easily lead to system failure, requiring adjustment of the spray water volume.

[0098] When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack 310 is greater than the allowable temperature under the current output power, the actual difference between the outlet temperature at the air compressor outlet and the temperature entering the stack is compared with the target temperature difference under the current output power. When the actual temperature difference is greater than the target temperature difference, the water pressure of the water pump 240 is increased to increase the spray water volume.

[0099] In one embodiment, the battery device 300 further includes a back pressure valve 380, which is disposed in the air exhaust pipe 350. The back pressure valve 380 can regulate the feed flow rate and feed pressure of the air compressor into the fuel cell stack 310. The back pressure valve 380 can maintain the feed flow rate and feed pressure of the air compressor. The change in the duty cycle of the back pressure valve 380 can make the feed flow rate and feed pressure change periodically, so that liquid water does not accumulate in one place, and thus the liquid water is more evenly distributed in the fuel cell stack 310.

[0100] See Figure 1In the first embodiment of this application, the air compressor is a centrifugal air compressor 420, which can agitate the liquid water in the spray humidification device 100 according to the amount of water. One end of the centrifugal air compressor 420 is connected to the air filter 410, and the other end is connected to the inlet pipe 180. The centrifugal air compressor 420 can pressurize the air to provide pressurized air for the fuel cell stack 310.

[0101] See Figure 9 In the second embodiment of this application, the air compressor includes a turbine air compressor 430, which is connected to an input pipe 180 to input air into the input pipe 180. The turbine air compressor 430 is also connected to the air exhaust pipe 350 of the battery device 300 and the air inlet pipe 150 of the spray humidification device 100. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system 10 in the second embodiment of this application. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the type of air compressor is different. The other structures and principles of the fuel cell system 10 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and will not be described again below.

[0102] The turbo air compressor 430 is connected to the input pipe 180 to provide pressurized air to the fuel cell stack 310. At the same time, the turbo air compressor 430 is connected to the air exhaust pipe 350 and the intake pipe 150. The exhaust air discharged from the air exhaust pipe is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The exhaust air can enter the turbo air compressor 430 to reduce the power consumption of the turbo air compressor 430.

[0103] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0104] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spray humidification device, characterized in that, The spray humidification device is used in fuel cell systems to humidify the fuel cell stack within the system. The device includes: The main body shell has an evaporation chamber and a turbulence chamber connected in sequence. The evaporation chamber is divided into multiple independent spray chambers, and the multiple spray chambers are connected to the turbulence chamber. Multiple spray nozzles are disposed on the main body shell, each spray nozzle is connected to a spray chamber and sprays liquid water into the spray chamber, the liquid water can be vaporized into gaseous water in the main body shell; Multiple baffles are spaced apart in the baffle cavity, and the baffles are used to turbulent the flow of unvaporized liquid water and gaseous water and air; An output pipe is located at one end of the main body shell and communicates with the turbulence cavity. The output pipe is also connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack and is used to input gaseous water and air into the cathode inlet.

2. The spray humidification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spoiler plate has multiple through-holes, and at least some of the spoiler holes have different diameters.

3. The spray humidification device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the spray chambers corresponds to at least one of the baffles; When a certain spray chamber corresponds to at least two of the baffles, the at least two baffles are arranged at intervals along the flow direction of the gaseous water, and the baffle holes on adjacent baffles are at least partially staggered.

4. The spray humidification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray nozzle extends in the same direction as the output pipe, so that the spray nozzle sprays liquid water along the flow direction of gaseous water. And / or, the spray humidification device further includes a baffle disposed in the evaporation chamber to divide the evaporation chamber into multiple independent spray chambers; And / or, the spray humidification device further includes an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, and a heat exchanger. The air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are disposed on the main body shell and connected to the heat exchanger. The air inlet pipe is also connected to the hydrogen exhaust pipe and the air exhaust pipe of the fuel cell stack. The main body shell also has a heat exchange chamber located between the turbulence chamber and the output pipe. The heat exchanger is disposed in the heat exchange chamber and can absorb the heat of the hydrogen exhaust gas and air exhaust gas input by the air inlet pipe to vaporize the liquid water into gaseous water. The hydrogen exhaust gas and air exhaust gas after heat exchange are discharged through the air outlet pipe. And / or, the spray humidification device further includes an input pipe, which is disposed at the other end of the main body shell and communicates with the evaporation chamber, and the input pipe is used to input air into the main body shell.

5. The spray humidification device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The main body shell also has a drain pipe, which is located at the bottom of the output pipe and is connected to the output pipe. The drain pipe is used to discharge unvaporized liquid water.

6. The spray humidification device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spray humidification device also includes a hydrocyclone, which is rotatably disposed in the output pipe. When the hydrocyclone rotates, it can use centrifugal force to collect liquid water and discharge it through the drain pipe. And / or, the output pipe includes a first pipe body and a second pipe body, the first pipe body is disposed at one end of the main body shell, the second pipe body is disposed at the end of the first pipe body away from the main body shell, the inner diameter of the first pipe body is larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe body to form a water-blocking step, the drain pipe is disposed at the bottom of the first pipe body, and the cyclone separator of the spray humidification device is rotatably disposed in the first pipe body.

7. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, Includes a water supply device, a battery device, an air handling device, and a spray humidification device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; The water supply device is connected to the battery device and the spray humidification device to form a circuit. The liquid water produced by the reaction of the battery device is stored in the water supply device, and the water supply device delivers the liquid water to the spray humidification device. The air handling unit is connected to the spray humidification unit. The air handling unit delivers air to the spray humidification unit and heats the liquid water in the spray humidification unit to vaporize the liquid water into gaseous water. The air and gaseous water enter the battery device together to humidify the battery device.

8. The fuel cell system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery device includes a fuel cell stack, an anode inlet pipe, a cathode inlet pipe, a hydrogen exhaust pipe, and an air exhaust pipe. The anode inlet pipe and the hydrogen exhaust pipe are connected to the anode inlet and anode outlet of the fuel cell stack, and the cathode inlet pipe and the air exhaust pipe are connected to the cathode inlet and cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen exhaust pipe and the air exhaust pipe are also connected to the air inlet pipe of the spray humidification device.

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery device also includes a temperature sensor, which is disposed in the cathode inlet pipe. The temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature of the air entering the fuel cell stack in order to control the amount of water sprayed from the spray nozzles in the spray humidification device.

10. The fuel cell system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The water supply device includes a water supply pipeline and a condenser, a water storage tank, and a water pump connected in series through the water supply pipeline. The condenser is used to condense the products of the fuel cell stack reaction in the battery device into liquid water, and store it in the water storage tank through the water supply pipeline. The water supply pipeline is also connected to the spray nozzle of the spray humidification device. The water pump delivers the liquid water in the water storage tank to the spray nozzle through the water supply pipeline. And / or, the air handling device includes an air filter and an air compressor, the air filter being connected to the air compressor, and the air compressor being connected to the input pipe of the spray humidification device; wherein, the air compressor is a centrifugal air compressor, or, the air compressor includes a turbine air compressor, the turbine air compressor being connected to the input pipe, and the turbine air compressor also being connected to the air exhaust pipe of the battery device and the air inlet pipe of the spray humidification device; And / or, the battery device further includes a back pressure valve disposed in the air exhaust pipe, the back pressure valve being able to regulate the feed flow rate and feed pressure of the air compressor into the fuel cell stack.

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