3D printing nozzle with self-cleaning anti-blocking structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 3D printing spray head with self -cleaning anti -blocking structure belongs to 3D printing equipment component technical field, in view of the low durability of existing 3D printing spray head nozzle, easy to block, influence printing efficiency and quality's problem. It includes 3D printing spray head body, and 3D printing spray head body bottom is equipped with mounting seat, and the outer thread of mounting seat bottom is detachably connected through the inner thread with the nozzle, and the nozzle is made of the high temperature resistance base body of ceramic base composite material and the pure diamond film anti -sticking coating that evenly covers its inner wall constitutes, and 3D printing spray head body lateral wall is equipped with the radiating fin board through bolt, and the other side of radiating fin board is equipped with the radiating fan, and 3D printing spray head body integrates intelligent sensing module, and triggers the self -cleaning program when monitoring the parameter exception in nozzle, and after heating softening residual, uses high -pressure airflow to blow out. The spray head is applicable to 3D printing operation, can promote nozzle durability and anti -blocking capacity, adapts high temperature, viscosity and high filling material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printing equipment components, and in particular to a 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the 3D printing process, the nozzle is a key component affecting print quality and efficiency, requiring a continuous supply of molten material and stable operation. To reduce nozzle clogging, some 3D printing nozzles combine high-pressure airflow with a heating system, along with an intelligent sensing module to monitor the temperature, pressure, and material flow within the nozzle. When a risk of clogging is detected, the material is softened and solidified by heating, and then the remaining material is blown out by high-pressure airflow.

[0003] However, the durability of existing nozzles of this type is generally low. Traditional nozzles are mostly made of metal, which has limited high-temperature resistance and is prone to deformation when exposed to high-temperature engineering materials such as PEEK. In addition, metal nozzles are not hard enough, and the inner wall is easily worn by the filaments when printing highly filled materials such as carbon fiber and glass fiber. At the same time, the metal inner wall has strong adhesion to sticky materials such as PETG and TPU, and the problem of residue accumulation has not been completely solved, resulting in frequent nozzle replacements, which not only increases maintenance costs but also affects printing continuity.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model document proposes a 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure, which solves the problems of low nozzle durability in the prior art. Traditional nozzles are mostly made of metal, which has limited high-temperature resistance and is prone to deformation when facing high-temperature engineering materials such as PEEK. In addition, the metal nozzle has insufficient hardness, and the inner wall is easily worn by the filament when printing highly filled materials such as carbon fiber and glass fiber. At the same time, the metal inner wall has strong adhesion to sticky materials such as PETG and TPU, and the problem of residue accumulation has not been completely solved, resulting in frequent nozzle replacement, which not only increases maintenance costs but also affects the continuity of printing.

[0006] This utility model provides the following technical solution: A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure includes: A 3D printing nozzle body with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure, wherein a matching mounting base is provided at the bottom of the 3D printing nozzle body, and a highly durable nozzle is detachably installed at the bottom of the mounting base, wherein the nozzle is composed of a high-temperature resistant substrate and an anti-stick coating.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the mounting base has an internal thread in the circular hole, and the upper edge of the outer wall of the nozzle has an external thread that matches the internal thread.

[0008] Preferably, a heat dissipation fin plate is bolted to the side wall of the 3D printing nozzle body, and a cooling fan is bolted to the other side of the heat dissipation fin plate.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-stick coating is uniformly applied to the inner wall of the high-temperature resistant substrate.

[0010] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant matrix is ​​a ceramic matrix composite material.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-stick coating is a pure diamond film.

[0012] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit the present invention.

[0013] The working principle and usage process of this technical solution are as follows: During use, first screw the internal thread of the bottom hole of the mounting base onto the external thread on the upper edge of the nozzle's outer wall to complete the detachable assembly of the high-durability nozzle. The threaded connection ensures a tight seal during nozzle installation, preventing molten material leakage during printing. Then, start the equipment. Simultaneously power on the heat dissipation fins and cooling fan, which are bolted to the side wall of the 3D printing nozzle body, to enter a pre-cooling state. Pre-cooling lays the foundation for stable temperature during subsequent printing and prevents material damage to the nozzle due to excessive initial temperature differences. During printing, the molten material enters the nozzle from the 3D printing nozzle body. The nozzle's high-temperature resistant substrate (ceramic matrix)... The composite material (with a temperature resistance of up to 1600℃) can withstand the high temperature of the molten material, and is especially suitable for high-temperature engineering materials such as PEEK, avoiding matrix deformation. At the same time, the pure diamond film anti-stick coating (friction coefficient 0.05-0.1) uniformly covers the inner wall of the matrix, which greatly reduces the adhesion between the molten material and the inner wall, ensuring smooth flow of the molten material and reducing residue accumulation. The heat dissipation fan increases the heat dissipation area through the heat dissipation fins, and removes excess heat from the connection between the 3D printing nozzle body and the nozzle in real time, avoiding carbonization of the molten material at the nozzle inlet due to excessive temperature, or solidification and blockage of the molten material due to excessive temperature difference between the inlet and outlet. The intelligent sensing module integrated into the 3D printing nozzle body monitors the temperature (to prevent the melt from solidifying due to excessively low temperature), pressure (pressure increases when the melt flow is obstructed), and melt flow rate (a sudden drop in flow rate indicates blockage) inside the nozzle in real time. When any parameter exceeds the preset threshold, the self-cleaning program is triggered. The control system first starts the heating system to precisely heat the high-temperature resistant substrate of the nozzle, softening the solidified melt residue on the inner wall. Then, the high-pressure airflow system is activated, and the airflow blows from inside the 3D printing nozzle body to the nozzle outlet. At this time, the low adhesion of the pure diamond film coating makes it easier for the residual melt to be carried out by the airflow, preventing the residue from adhering to the inner wall and forming stubborn blockages. During the cleaning process, the heat dissipation system stops working to ensure that the nozzle temperature is stable within the softening range. After cleaning is completed, the heat dissipation system restarts to restore the printing temperature.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, the nozzle uses a ceramic matrix composite material as the high-temperature resistant matrix. Its high-temperature resistance (up to 1600℃) is far superior to that of traditional metal nozzles. It can be used for printing high-temperature engineering materials such as PEEK and PEI, avoiding matrix deformation at high temperatures. At the same time, the ceramic matrix material has high hardness (HRA85 and above), and its wear resistance is significantly improved compared to traditional stainless steel nozzles. It is especially suitable for printing high-filling materials such as carbon fiber and glass fiber, thereby reducing the cutting wear of the filament on the inner wall of the nozzle. The pure diamond film anti-stick coating on the inner wall not only reduces the adhesion of the molten material, but it is also wear-resistant and chemically resistant (does not react with the volatile gases of materials such as ABS and PVC), preventing the coating from peeling off and causing roughness on the inner wall of the nozzle, further extending the overall service life of the nozzle. 2. The low friction and low adhesion characteristics of the pure diamond film coating in this utility model reduce the residual accumulation of molten material on the inner wall of the nozzle from the source, and avoid clogging caused by residual solidification (especially for sticky materials such as PETG and TPU, thereby reducing the clogging rate). 3. The heat dissipation fins and cooling fan on the side wall of the 3D printing nozzle body of this utility model form an active and passive composite heat dissipation structure. The fins increase the heat dissipation area and quickly conduct heat at the connection between the nozzle and the nozzle. The cooling fan actively blows air to accelerate heat dissipation, which helps to ensure the temperature at the nozzle inlet is stable and avoids the molten material at the inlet from carbonizing due to excessive temperature or solidifying due to excessive temperature. It also ensures the stable flow rate of the molten material, which in turn helps to improve the dimensional accuracy of the printed product. 4. The self-cleaning function of this utility model monitors the temperature, pressure and melt flow rate inside the nozzle in real time through the intelligent sensing module. When it is determined that there is a risk of blockage, the heat dissipation is first suspended, the heating system is started to raise the temperature of the nozzle to soften the residual melt, and then the high-pressure airflow is used to blow away the residue in a directional manner. Combined with the low adhesion characteristics of the pure diamond anti-stick coating on the inner wall, the residue is blown away. Finally, the heat dissipation is restarted to resume printing, realizing automatic cleaning of the entire process to prevent blockage. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram provided for an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure between the heat dissipation fin plate and the 3D printing nozzle body provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle and mounting base separation structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the nozzle in a partial cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Reference numerals: 1. 3D printing nozzle body; 2. Mounting base; 3. Nozzle; 4. Internal thread; 5. External thread; 6. Heat dissipation fin plate; 7. Cooling fan; 8. High temperature resistant substrate; 9. Anti-stick coating. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "middle", "length", "inner", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0019] To keep the following description of the embodiments of this utility model clear and concise, detailed descriptions of known functions and known components are omitted.

[0020] Example: Please refer to Figures 1-4 A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure is used in the field of 3D printing equipment components. It includes a 3D printing nozzle body 1, with a matching mounting base 2 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the nozzle body 1. The mounting base 2 and the 3D printing nozzle body 1 are machined using an integrated molding process to ensure a stable connection and prevent the mounting base 2 from shifting due to vibration during printing. A circular hole is formed at the bottom of the mounting base 2, and an internal thread 4 is machined on the inner wall of the hole. An external thread 5 is machined on the upper edge of the outer wall of the nozzle 3 mounted at the bottom of the mounting base 2. The external thread 5... The internal thread 4 has a perfectly matched tooth profile and pitch. By screwing the external thread 5 into the internal thread 4, the nozzle 3 and the mounting base 2 can be detachably connected. After screwing in place, the contact surface between the top of the nozzle 3 and the bottom of the mounting base 2 is tightly fitted, which can effectively prevent the molten material from leaking from the connection point during printing. The 3D printing nozzle body 1 has a through molten material conveying channel inside. The channel inlet is connected to the feeding mechanism of the 3D printer, and the outlet is precisely connected to the feed port of the mounting base 2, ensuring that the molten material can smoothly enter the channel of the 3D printing nozzle body 1 from the feeding mechanism, and then be introduced into the nozzle 3 through the mounting base 2.

[0021] A heat dissipation fin plate 6 is mounted on the side wall of the 3D printing nozzle body 1. The heat dissipation fin plate 6 is made of aluminum alloy and has several parallel fins machined on its surface to maximize the heat dissipation area. The heat dissipation fin plate 6 is fixed to the side wall of the 3D printing nozzle body 1 by four bolts. The bolts are evenly distributed at the four corners of the heat dissipation fin plate 6 to ensure a firm installation. A cooling fan 7 is mounted on the side of the heat dissipation fin plate 6 away from the 3D printing nozzle body 1. The cooling fan 7 uses a 12V DC brushless motor and is also fixed to the heat dissipation fin plate 6 by four bolts. The air outlet of the cooling fan 7 is directly opposite the fin gap of the heat dissipation fin plate 6 to ensure that the airflow can fully pass through the fins and carry away the heat.

[0022] Nozzle 3 consists of a high-temperature resistant substrate 8 and an anti-stick coating 9. The high-temperature resistant substrate 8 is made of ceramic matrix composite material, specifically silicon carbide reinforced alumina ceramic. This material is made by sintering. After molding, the inner diameter of the high-temperature resistant substrate 8 gradually shrinks from 8 mm at the top to 0.4 mm at the bottom to adapt to the output requirements of different specifications of molten material. The anti-stick coating 9 is a pure diamond film, which is formed on the inner wall of the high-temperature resistant substrate 8 by chemical vapor deposition. The coating thickness is controlled between 5 μm and 8 μm, and the coating coverage extends from the top inlet of the high-temperature resistant substrate 8 to the bottom outlet, ensuring that the entire inner wall through which the molten material flows is protected by the anti-stick coating 9. The surface roughness of the coating Ra≤0.02μm to reduce the frictional resistance when the molten material flows.

[0023] The 3D printing nozzle body 1 integrates an intelligent sensing module and a control system module. The intelligent sensing module includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor. The temperature sensor's probe extends into the nozzle 3 near the top inlet, allowing real-time monitoring of the molten material temperature. The pressure sensor is installed at the connection between the 3D printing nozzle body 1 and the mounting base 2, with its sensing surface in contact with the molten material, monitoring the pressure during molten material flow. The flow sensor is installed in the feed channel of the 3D printing nozzle body 1, recording the amount of molten material passing through per unit time, i.e., the molten material flow rate. The control system module is integrated with the intelligent sensing module, heating system, and high-pressure airflow system. The system and cooling fan 7 are connected by wires, which can receive monitoring data transmitted by the intelligent sensing module and control the operation of each component. The heating system consists of a heating element and a temperature controller. The heating element is a stainless steel armored heating element wrapped around the outer wall of the mounting base 2. The heating power can be adjusted by the temperature controller to achieve precise heating of the nozzle 3. The high-pressure airflow system includes an air pump, an air pipe and an airflow nozzle. One end of the air pipe is connected to the air pump and the other end is connected to the airflow channel inside the 3D printing nozzle body 1. The outlet of the airflow channel is located at the connection between the mounting base 2 and the nozzle 3, and the outlet faces the inside of the nozzle 3 to ensure that the high-pressure airflow can be concentrated and blown into the inside of the nozzle 3.

[0024] In practical applications, first align the external thread 5 of nozzle 3 with the internal thread 4 of the bottom circular hole of mounting base 2, and rotate nozzle 3 clockwise until the tip of nozzle 3 is tightly fitted with the bottom of mounting base 2, completing the assembly of nozzle 3. Then, start the 3D printing equipment. After the equipment is powered on, the cooling fan 7 starts immediately and enters the pre-cooling state. The pre-cooling time is set to 5 minutes. After the pre-cooling is completed, the cooling fan 7 switches to the rated speed to continuously cool the 3D printing nozzle body 1 and nozzle 3. After printing begins, the molten material enters from the feed channel of the 3D printing nozzle body 1, flows through the mounting base 2, and then enters the... Inside the nozzle 3, the molten material is heated by the heating system and kept at the preset printing temperature. The high-temperature resistant substrate 8 withstands the high temperature to prevent deformation due to excessive temperature. Under the action of the anti-stick coating 9, the molten material flows smoothly along the inner wall of the nozzle 3, reducing residue accumulation, and is finally extruded from the bottom outlet of the nozzle 3 to complete the printing operation. During this process, the cooling fan 7 runs continuously, and the airflow passes through the fins of the heat dissipation fin plate 6 to carry away the heat at the connection between the 3D printing nozzle body 1 and the nozzle 3, so that the temperature at the top inlet of the nozzle 3 is stabilized within the preset range, preventing the molten material at the inlet from carbonizing or solidifying. When the intelligent sensing module detects that the temperature inside nozzle 3 is more than 10°C lower than the preset printing temperature, or the pressure is more than 0.2MPa higher than the preset value, or the melt flow rate is more than 30% lower than the preset value, the control system module determines that there is a risk of blockage and triggers the self-cleaning program. After the self-cleaning program is started, the cooling fan 7 first stops running to avoid heat dissipation affecting the temperature rise of nozzle 3. Then the heating system starts, and the temperature controller adjusts the power of the heating element according to the type of printing material to raise the temperature inside nozzle 3 to 20°C-30°C higher than the printing temperature. This temperature is maintained for 5 seconds to fully soften the solidified melt residue remaining on the inner wall of nozzle 3. Subsequently, the high-pressure airflow system starts, the air pump works, and the generated high-pressure airflow is blown into the interior of nozzle 3 through the air pipe and airflow nozzle. The airflow flows from the top to the bottom of nozzle 3, blowing the softened residual melt out from the nozzle 3 outlet. After the residual melt is discharged, the high-pressure airflow system continues to run for 2 seconds to ensure that there is no residue on the inner wall of nozzle 3. Then the high-pressure airflow system stops working, the heating system is turned off, the cooling fan 7 restarts, the temperature of nozzle 3 gradually drops to the printing temperature, the self-cleaning program ends, and the equipment resumes printing. If the nozzle 3 experiences wear on its inner wall, peeling of the anti-stick coating 9, or deformation of the outlet after prolonged use, the power to the equipment can be turned off, the nozzle 3 can be rotated counterclockwise to remove it from the mounting base 2, and a new nozzle 3 can be replaced. The replacement process does not require disassembling the 3D printing nozzle body 1 or other parts. After the operation is completed, the equipment can be restarted and resumed for use.

[0025] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principle and wiring method of the 3D printing nozzle body are conventional methods or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0026] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations, but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0027] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning and anti-clogging structure, characterized in that, The device includes a 3D printing nozzle body (1), and a matching mounting base (2) is provided at the bottom of the 3D printing nozzle body (1). A highly durable nozzle (3) is detachably provided at the bottom of the mounting base (2). The nozzle (3) is composed of a high-temperature resistant substrate (8) and an anti-stick coating (9).

2. A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning anti-clogging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (2) has an internal thread (4) in the round hole at the bottom, and the nozzle (3) has an external thread (5) that matches the internal thread (4) on the upper edge of the outer wall.

3. A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning anti-clogging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat dissipation fin plate (6) is bolted to the side wall of the 3D printing nozzle body (1), and a heat dissipation fan (7) is bolted to the other side of the heat dissipation fin plate (6).

4. A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning anti-clogging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-stick coating (9) is uniformly applied to the inner wall of the high-temperature resistant substrate (8).

5. A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning anti-clogging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature resistant matrix (8) is made of ceramic matrix composite material.

6. A 3D printing nozzle with a self-cleaning anti-clogging structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-stick coating (9) is a pure diamond film.

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