A photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a laminated piece and an insulating piece. Along the circumference of the laminated piece, the insulating piece is arranged at the edge of the laminated piece and is in contact with the laminated piece. In the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the laminated piece, the cell layer in the laminated piece is located in the projection profile of the insulating piece. In the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the laminated piece, the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminated piece is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm, so that the creeping distance can be increased, the performance of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the number of cell pieces is increased, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solar cell technology, and more particularly to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules consist of a stacked cover plate, an encapsulation layer, and a cell layer, with the cell layer converting light energy into electrical energy. The creepage distance of the cell layer needs to meet preset standards to reduce the risk of leakage and short circuits in photovoltaic modules exposed to rain, dust, salt spray, and other environments.

[0003] Therefore, improving the creepage distance of the battery layer is an important problem that needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a photovoltaic module that can improve the creepage distance of the battery layer.

[0005] This application provides a photovoltaic module, including a laminate and an insulating member. The laminate includes a cell layer. Along the circumferential direction of the laminate, the insulating member is disposed at the edge of the laminate and contacts the laminate. In a third direction, the cell layer is located within the projected outline of the insulating member, and the third direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. In a direction perpendicular to the third direction, the distance between the cell layer and the edge of the laminate is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm.

[0006] In this application, if the distance between the edge of the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is small, the creepage distance is small, posing a risk that the creepage distance may be less than 10.4 mm. If the distance between the edge of the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is large, the battery layer size will be small and the number of battery cells will be small, resulting in a lower output power of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, a distance between the edge of the battery layer and the edge of the laminate of not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm can increase the creepage distance to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and also facilitates increasing the number of battery cells to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0007] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to a third direction, the laminate includes at least a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall arranged circumferentially. The insulating member includes at least a first side portion, a second side portion, a third side portion, and a fourth side portion, with the first side portion contacting the first sidewall, the second side portion contacting the second sidewall, the third side portion contacting the third sidewall, and the fourth side portion contacting the fourth sidewall. The first side portion, the second side portion, the third side portion, and the fourth side portion are constructed as a single integral structure.

[0008] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to a third direction, the laminate includes at least a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall arranged circumferentially. The insulating component includes at least a first side portion, a second side portion, a third side portion, and a fourth side portion, with the first side portion contacting the first sidewall, the second side portion contacting the second sidewall, the third side portion contacting the third sidewall, and the fourth side portion contacting the fourth sidewall. The first, second, third, and fourth side portions are constructed as separate structures, with seams existing between the first and second side portions, between the second and third side portions, between the third and fourth side portions, and between the fourth side portion and the first side portion.

[0009] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to a third direction, the seam is not parallel to the first direction, and the seam is not parallel to the second direction.

[0010] In some possible designs, the minimum distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate at the splice seam is A21, where 2.8mm ≤ A21 ≤ 11.3mm. At the splice seam, the distance between the edge of the laminate and the outer edge of the insulation along the splice seam is A22, where 0.1mm ≤ A22 ≤ 8.6mm.

[0011] In some possible designs, in a plane perpendicular to a third direction, the seam is parallel to either the first or second direction.

[0012] In some possible designs, the minimum distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate at the splice seam is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm. At the splice seam, the distance between the edge of the laminate and the outer edge of the insulation along the splice seam is A32, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm.

[0013] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes multiple battery strings and at least one busbar, with the battery strings arranged along a first direction and the busbar extending along the same direction. In a second direction, at least a portion of the busbar is located between the battery strings and the edges of the laminate, and the busbar is used for electrical connection of adjacent battery strings. In the first direction, the distance between the busbar and the edge of the laminate is less than the distance between the battery strings and the edge of the laminate. The distance between the busbar and the edge of the laminate at the seam is A31, where 10.5 mm ≤ A31 ≤ 15 mm.

[0014] In some possible designs, in the first direction, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is between 6 mm and 10 mm. In the second direction, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is between 8 mm and 10 mm. The first, second, and third directions are mutually perpendicular.

[0015] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes multiple battery strings and at least one busbar, with the battery strings arranged along a first direction and the busbar extending along the first direction. In a second direction, at least a portion of the busbar is located between the battery strings and the edge of the laminate, and the busbar is used for electrically connecting adjacent battery strings. In the first direction, the distance between the battery strings and the edge of the laminate is a1, where 8 mm ≤ a1 ≤ 10 mm.

[0016] In some possible designs, the distance between the busbar and the edge of the laminate in the first direction is a2. a2 < a1, 0.5mm ≤ a1 - a2 ≤ 2mm. Or, a2 > a1, 1mm ≤ a2 - a1 ≤ 8mm.

[0017] In some possible designs, the laminate also includes an encapsulation layer, at least a portion of which is located on the light-facing side of the battery layer, and / or, at least a portion of which is located on the backlight-facing side of the battery layer. The encapsulation layer includes at least a first adhesive film, and in a third-party orientation, the projection of the seam is within the projection area of ​​the first adhesive film. The first adhesive film is a waterproof adhesive film.

[0018] In some possible designs, in the first direction, the size of the first adhesive film is H1, where 10mm ≤ H1 ≤ 100mm. In the second direction, the size of the first adhesive film is H2, where 10mm ≤ H2 ≤ 100mm.

[0019] In some possible designs, the projection shape of the first film in the third direction is a fan shape, triangle, rectangle, L shape or square.

[0020] In some possible designs, the battery layer comprises multiple battery strings arranged along a first direction. The number of battery strings in the first direction is greater than or equal to two. The distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction is L1, where 9mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11mm.

[0021] In some possible designs, the battery layer comprises multiple battery strings arranged along a second direction. The number of battery strings in the second direction is greater than or equal to four. The distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction is L2, where 0.5 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6 mm.

[0022] In some possible designs, the battery layer includes at least one battery string, and the battery string includes multiple battery cells. The number of battery cells in a battery string is N, where 8 ≤ N ≤ 24. The distance between adjacent battery cells is L3, where -0.6 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 0.8 mm.

[0023] In some possible designs, in the first direction, the size of the photovoltaic module is S1, 1700mm≤S1≤2400mm. In the second direction, the size of the photovoltaic module is S2, 1100mm≤S2≤1350mm.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 2 A partial structural cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 Structural cross-sectional views of the laminate provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the battery layer provided in this application in some embodiments;

[0030] Figure 5 A partial structural cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 6 A partial structural cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in a third embodiment;

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the laminates and the insulating components in some embodiments;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the location of the battery layers in the laminated components;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the battery layer in some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the battery layer in some other embodiments;

[0036] Figure 11 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the laminates and insulating components in some other embodiments;

[0037] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the battery layers at the splicing seams;

[0038] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the battery layer in some embodiments;

[0039] Figure 14 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the battery layer in some other embodiments;

[0040] Figure 15 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the laminates and the insulating components in some other embodiments;

[0041] Figure 16 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the battery layers at the splicing seams;

[0042] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the battery layer in some embodiments;

[0043] Figure 18 for Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the battery layer in some other embodiments;

[0044] Figure 19 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laminate in some embodiments;

[0045] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laminate in some other embodiments;

[0046] Figure 21 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laminate in some other embodiments.

[0047] Figure label:

[0048] 1-Laminated component; 11-Cover plate; 111-First cover plate; 112-Second cover plate; 12-Encapsulation layer; 121-First encapsulation layer; 122-Second encapsulation layer; 123-First encapsulating film; 124-Second encapsulating film; 13-Battery layer; 131-Battery cell; 132-Solder ribbon; 133-Busbar; 14-First sidewall; 15-Second sidewall; 16-Third sidewall; 17-Fourth sidewall;

[0049] 2-Frame; 21-Frame body; 22-Adhesive layer;

[0050] 3-Insulating component; 31-First side; 32-Second side; 33-Third side; 34-Fourth side; 35-Joint gap. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0055] This application provides a photovoltaic module. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the light-facing surface of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a first direction X and a second direction Y. Both the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. For example, the first direction X is the length direction of the photovoltaic module, and the second direction Y is the width direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0056] In the first direction X, the size of the photovoltaic module is S1, where 1700mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2400mm. For example, the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X can be 1700mm, 1800mm, 1900mm, 2000mm, 2100mm, 2200mm, 2300mm, 2400mm, etc.

[0057] If the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is large, the cost and weight of the photovoltaic module will be large.

[0058] If the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is small, there will be fewer solar cells that can be installed inside the photovoltaic module, which will affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] Therefore, 1700mm≤S1≤2400mm can reduce the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X, thereby reducing the cost and weight of the photovoltaic module, and can also increase the number of cells inside the photovoltaic module to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] For example, 1700mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2000mm. The dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X can be 1700mm, 1710mm, 1720mm, 1730mm, 1740mm, 1750mm, 1760mm, 1770mm, 1780mm, 1790mm, 1800mm, 1810mm, 1820mm, 1830mm, 1840mm, 1850mm, 1860mm, 1870mm, 1880mm, 1890mm, 1900mm, 1910mm, 1920mm, 1930mm, 1940mm, 1950mm, 1960mm, 1970mm, 1980mm, 1990mm, 2000mm, etc.

[0061] For example, 2000mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2200mm. The dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X can be 2000mm, 2010mm, 2020mm, 2030mm, 2040mm, 2050mm, 2060mm, 2070mm, 2080mm, 2090mm, 2100mm, 2110mm, 2120mm, 2130mm, 2140mm, 2150mm, 2160mm, 2170mm, 2180mm, 2190mm, 2200mm, etc.

[0062] For example, 2200mm ≤ S1 ≤ 2400mm. The dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X can be 2200mm, 2210mm, 2220mm, 2230mm, 2240mm, 2250mm, 2260mm, 2270mm, 2280mm, 2290mm, 2300mm, 2310mm, 2320mm, 2330mm, 2340mm, 2350mm, 2360mm, 2370mm, 2380mm, 2390mm, 2400mm, etc.

[0063] In the second direction Y, the size of the photovoltaic module is S2, where 1100mm ≤ S2 ≤ 1350mm. For example, the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y can be 1100mm, 1150mm, 1200mm, 1250mm, 1300mm, 1350mm, etc.

[0064] If the photovoltaic module has a large dimension in the second direction Y, the photovoltaic module will have a large cost and weight.

[0065] If the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is small, there will be fewer solar cells that can be installed inside the photovoltaic module, which will affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0066] Therefore, 1100mm≤S2≤1350mm can reduce the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y, thereby reducing the cost and weight of the photovoltaic module, and can also increase the number of cells inside the photovoltaic module to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0067] For example, 1100mm≤S2≤1150mm, the dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y can be 1100mm, 1110mm, 1120mm, 1130mm, 1140mm, 1150mm, etc.

[0068] For example, 1150mm≤S2≤1250mm, the dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y can be 1150mm, 1160mm, 1170mm, 1180mm, 1190mm, 1200mm, 1210mm, 1220mm, 1230mm, 1240mm, 1250mm, etc.

[0069] For example, 1250mm≤S2≤1350mm, the dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y can be 1250mm, 1260mm, 1270mm, 1280mm, 1290mm, 1300mm, 1310mm, 1320mm, 1330mm, 1340mm, 1350mm, etc.

[0070] Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments. Also refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The photovoltaic module includes a laminate 1 and a frame 2 that clamps and fixes the edge of the laminate 1, such that the edge of the laminate 1 is located within the frame 2. The frame 2 is used to install the laminate on objects such as the ground, buildings, and supports, and the frame 2 can protect the edge of the laminate 1, reduce the risk of damage to the edge of the laminate 1 due to stress, and thus extend the service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes a third direction Z, which is parallel to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, i.e., the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0072] Within the plane enclosed by the first direction X and the third direction Z, the cross-sectional shape of the border 2 can be C-shaped or other common border shapes. That is, the specific structure of the border is not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0073] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the laminate in some embodiments. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the laminate 1 includes a cover plate 11, an encapsulation layer 12 and a battery layer 13. Along the third direction Z, the encapsulation layer 12 is located between the cover plate 11 and the battery layer 13, and the encapsulation layer 12 is used to encapsulate and fix the cover plate 11 and the battery layer 13.

[0074] The cover plate 11 includes a first cover plate 111 and a second cover plate 112 arranged along the third direction Z. The encapsulation layer 12 and the battery layer 13 are located between the first cover plate 111 and the second cover plate 112. A portion of the encapsulation layer 12 is located between the battery layer 13 and the first cover plate 111, and another portion of the encapsulation layer 12 is located between the battery layer 13 and the second cover plate 112, so as to achieve the encapsulation and fixation of the cover plate 11 and the battery layer 13.

[0075] At least one of the first cover plate 111 and the second cover plate 112 is made of a light-transmitting material, which is beneficial to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0076] The first cover plate 111 can be made of one of the following rigid materials: tempered glass, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or PC (polycarbonate). Alternatively, the first cover plate 111 can be made of one of the following flexible materials: PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride). All of these materials have high light transmittance, ensuring that more light reaches the battery layer, thereby increasing the light absorption of the photovoltaic module and improving its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0077] The material of the second cover plate 112 can be one of rigid materials such as tempered glass, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), or PC (polycarbonate). Alternatively, the material of the second cover plate 112 can be one of flexible materials such as PVF (polyvinyl fluoride), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride).

[0078] The materials of the first cover plate 111 and the second cover plate 112 can be the same or different.

[0079] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The encapsulation layer 12 includes a first encapsulation layer 121 and a second encapsulation layer 122. In the third direction Z, a portion of the structure of the first encapsulation layer 121 is located between the battery layer 13 and the first cover plate 111, and a portion of the structure of the second encapsulation layer 122 is located between the battery layer 13 and the second cover plate 112.

[0080] The first encapsulation layer 121 is made of one of the following polyolefins: EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer), POE (Polyolefin Elastomer), and PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral). These materials have high light transmittance, which is beneficial for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules. The first encapsulation layer 121 can also be an EPE film (EVA-POE-EVA co-extrusion structure) or an EP film (EVA-POE co-extrusion structure).

[0081] The material of the second encapsulation layer 122 is one of polyolefins such as EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer), POE (Polyolefin Elastomer), and PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral). The second encapsulation layer 122 can also be an EPE film (EVA-POE-EVA co-extruded structure) or an EP film (EVA-POE co-extruded structure).

[0082] The materials of the first encapsulation layer 121 and the second encapsulation layer 122 can be the same or different.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the battery layer 13 includes multiple battery cells 131. Adjacent battery cells 131 are connected by solder ribbons 132. The solder ribbons 132 connect multiple battery cells 131 in series to form a battery string. Adjacent battery strings are electrically connected by busbars 133, so that multiple battery strings can be connected in series or in parallel to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0084] The types of solar cells 131 include, but are not limited to, passivated emitter rear cell (PERC), tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon), intrinsic thin-film heterojunction (HJT), interdigitated back contact (IBC), and perovskite cells.

[0085] For PERC cells, along their thickness direction, the PERC cell sequentially includes a front-surface silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a phosphorus emitter layer, a P-type substrate silicon layer, a localized aluminum back field, a metallic aluminum back electrode, and a back passivation layer (Al2O3 / SiNx). PERC cells use a passivation film to passivate the back side, replacing the all-aluminum back field, enhancing light reflection within the silicon substrate, reducing the recombination rate on the back side, and improving the cell efficiency by 0.5%-1%.

[0086] For a TOPCon cell, along its thickness direction, it sequentially comprises a silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a boron-doped emitter, an N-type substrate silicon layer, a diffused doped layer, an ultrathin silicon oxide layer, doped polycrystalline silicon, silicon nitride, and the silver electrode. The back of the cell consists of an ultrathin silicon oxide layer (1nm–2nm) and a phosphorus-doped microcrystalline amorphous mixed Si film, which together form a passivation contact structure. This structure blocks minority carrier recombination, increasing the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. The ultrathin oxide layer allows majority carrier electrons to tunnel into the polycrystalline silicon layer while simultaneously blocking minority carrier recombination. The excellent passivation effect of the ultrathin silicon oxide and heavily doped silicon film causes band bending on the silicon wafer surface, creating a field passivation effect. This significantly increases the probability of electron tunneling, reduces contact resistance, and improves the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current, thereby enhancing the cell's conversion efficiency.

[0087] For an HJT cell, along its thickness direction, the HJT cell sequentially includes a front low-temperature silver electrode, a front conductive film, an N-type amorphous silicon film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, an N-type substrate silicon layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, a P-type amorphous silicon film, a back conductive film, and a back low-temperature silver electrode.

[0088] For an IBC cell, along its thickness direction, it sequentially includes a silicon nitride inversion layer, an N+ front surface field, an N-type substrate silicon layer, a P+ emitter, an N+ back field, an aluminum oxide passivation layer, a silicon nitride antireflection layer, and a silver electrode. IBC cells utilize ion implantation technology to obtain P- and N-regions with good uniformity and precisely controllable junction depth. The absence of grid lines on the front side eliminates light-blocking current loss from the metal electrodes, maximizing the utilization of incident photons and improving short-circuit current by approximately 7% compared to conventional solar cells. Due to its back-contact structure, grid line shading is not a concern, allowing for a wider grid line ratio, thus reducing series resistance and achieving a high fill factor. Optimized design of surface passivation and light-trapping structures can be achieved, resulting in lower front surface recombination rates and surface reflection.

[0089] For a perovskite solar cell, along its thickness direction, it sequentially comprises a substrate material, a conductive thin film, an electron transport layer (titanium dioxide), a perovskite absorption layer (hole transport layer), and a metal cathode. Perovskite materials possess a high light absorption coefficient and a long carrier diffusion distance. After the photons absorbed by the perovskite material are converted into electrons, they are easily collected by the electrodes with minimal loss, thus generating high photogenerated voltage and current, resulting in high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0090] The specific type of the battery cell 131 is not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0091] The battery layer includes multiple battery strings arranged along a first direction X. The number of battery strings in the first direction X is greater than or equal to 2. For example, the number of battery strings in the first direction X can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or even more.

[0092] In the first direction X, the distance between adjacent battery strings is L1, where 9mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11mm. For example, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction X can be 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, etc.

[0093] If the distance between adjacent cell strings is small, it increases the difficulty of arranging the cell strings during the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, and there are risks such as cell string contact, misalignment and overlap, which in turn increases the risk of microcracks in the cells during the lamination process.

[0094] If the distance between adjacent battery strings is large, the number of battery strings arranged in the first direction X will be reduced, thereby reducing the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0095] Therefore, 9mm≤L1≤11mm reduces the difficulty of arranging the battery strings and also reduces the risks of battery string contact, misalignment and overlap, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, so as to improve the processing yield of photovoltaic modules. It can also increase the number of battery strings arranged in the first direction X, so as to improve the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0096] For example, 9mm≤L1≤10mm, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction X can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0097] For example, 10mm≤L1≤11mm, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the first direction X can be 10mm, 10.1mm, 10.2mm, 10.3mm, 10.4mm, 10.5mm, 10.6mm, 10.7mm, 10.8mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, etc.

[0098] The battery layer includes multiple battery strings arranged along the second direction Y. The number of battery strings in the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 4. For example, the number of battery strings in the second direction Y can be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or even more.

[0099] In the second direction Y, the distance between adjacent battery strings is L2, where 0.5mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6mm. For example, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction Y can be 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, etc.

[0100] If the distance between adjacent cell strings is small, it increases the difficulty of arranging the cell strings during the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, and there are risks such as cell string contact, misalignment and overlap, which in turn increases the risk of microcracks in the cells during the lamination process.

[0101] If the distance between adjacent battery strings is large, the number of battery strings arranged in the second direction Y will be reduced, thereby reducing the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0102] Therefore, 0.5mm≤L2≤1.6mm reduces the difficulty of arranging the battery strings and also reduces the risks of battery string contact, misalignment and overlap, thereby reducing the risk of microcracks in the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, so as to improve the processing yield of photovoltaic modules. It can also increase the number of battery strings arranged in the second direction Y, so as to improve the output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0103] For example, 0.5mm≤L2≤1mm, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction Y can be 0.5mm, 0.52mm, 0.54mm, 0.56mm, 0.58mm, 0.6mm, 0.62mm, 0.64mm, 0.66mm, 0.68mm, 0.7mm, 0.72mm, 0.74mm, 0.76mm, 0.78mm, 0.8mm, 0.82mm, 0.84mm, 0.86mm, 0.88mm, 0.9mm, 0.92mm, 0.94mm, 0.96mm, 0.98mm, 1mm, etc.

[0104] For example, 1mm≤L2≤1.6mm, the distance between adjacent battery strings in the second direction Y can be 1mm, 1.02mm, 1.04mm, 1.06mm, 1.08mm, 1.1mm, 1.12mm, 0.64mm, 1.16mm, 1.18mm, 1.2mm, 1.22mm, 1.24mm, 1.26mm, 1.28mm, 1.3mm, 1.32mm, 1.34mm, 1.36mm, 1.38mm, 1.4mm, 1.42mm, 1.44mm, 1.46mm, 1.48mm, 1.5mm, 1.52mm, 1.54mm, 1.56mm, 1.58mm, 1.6mm, etc.

[0105] The battery layer includes at least one battery string, and a battery string includes multiple battery cells. The number of battery cells in a battery string is N, where 8 ≤ N ≤ 24. For example, the number of battery cells in a battery string can be 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24.

[0106] If a battery string contains a small number of cells, more battery strings are needed to achieve the required power output, which increases the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0107] If a battery string contains a large number of battery cells, the voltage and temperature of the battery string will be higher, and heat dissipation will be more difficult.

[0108] Therefore, 8≤N≤24 can reduce the number of battery strings, thereby reducing the cost of photovoltaic modules. It can also reduce the voltage and temperature of the battery strings, thereby reducing the difficulty of heat dissipation for photovoltaic modules.

[0109] Within a battery string, the distance between adjacent battery cells is L3, where -0.6mm ≤ L3 ≤ 0.8mm. For example, the distance between adjacent battery cells can be -0.6mm, -0.5mm, -0.4mm, -0.3mm, -0.2mm, -0.1mm, 0mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, etc.

[0110] If the distance between adjacent solar cells is small, there is a risk that the solar cells may block each other, resulting in reduced output power and increased local temperature.

[0111] If the distance between adjacent solar cells is large, the number of solar cells needs to be reduced, which will also affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0112] Therefore, -0.6mm≤L3≤0.8mm can reduce the risks of reduced output power and increased local temperature caused by cell shading, and can also increase the number of cells installed to improve the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0113] For example, -0.6mm≤L3≤0mm, the distance between adjacent solar cells can be -0.6mm, -0.55mm, -0.5mm, -0.45mm, -0.4mm, -0.35mm, -0.3mm, -0.25mm, -0.2mm, -0.15mm, -0.1mm, -0.05mm, 0mm, etc.

[0114] For example, 0mm≤L3≤0.8mm, the distance between adjacent solar cells can be 0mm, 0.1mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, etc.

[0115] Figure 5 These are partial structural cross-sectional views of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in some embodiments. Figure 5 As shown, the frame 2 includes a frame body 21 and an adhesive layer 22. The adhesive layer 22 is located between the frame body 21 and the laminate 1, and is used to bond and fix the frame body 21 and the laminate 1.

[0116] The creepage distance of a photovoltaic (PV) module refers to the shortest path measured along the insulating surface between two conductive components or between a conductive component and the protective interface of an equipment. Creepage distance is a crucial factor in evaluating PV module performance; insufficient creepage distance can easily lead to tracking or arcing, thereby affecting the cell performance and safety of the PV module.

[0117] According to IEC standards, the system voltage of photovoltaic (PV) modules must correspond to a certain minimum creepage distance. For example, when the system voltage of a PV module is 1500V and the pollution level is 1, the minimum creepage distance of the PV module is 10.4mm, meaning the creepage distance should be greater than 10.4mm.

[0118] In such Figure 5 In the photovoltaic module shown, the creepage distance W1 refers to the shortest straight-line distance between the cell layer 13 and the frame 2 in a plane perpendicular to the third direction Z. For example, Figure 5 As shown, the creepage distance W1 can be understood as the shortest straight-line distance between the outer edge of the battery layer 13 and the outer edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X, that is, W1 needs to be equal to or greater than 10.4 mm.

[0119] based on Figure 5 To further increase the creepage distance W1 of the structure shown, it is necessary to increase the distance between the battery layer 13 and the frame 2 in the first direction X, that is, to increase the distance between the battery layer 13 and the outer edge of the laminate 1.

[0120] When the overall size of the photovoltaic module is a preset fixed value, the number of solar cells contained in the battery layer 13 will be reduced, thereby reducing the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0121] When the output power of the photovoltaic module and the number of solar cells contained in the battery layer 13 are set to a certain value, the overall size of the photovoltaic module will increase.

[0122] Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the structure of photovoltaic modules to balance the relationship between creepage distance, the number of solar cells, and the overall size of the photovoltaic module.

[0123] Figure 6 These are partial structural cross-sectional views of the photovoltaic module provided in this application in some embodiments. Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes an insulating member 3, which is located between the frame 2 and the laminate 1. That is, the insulating member 3 is disposed on the edge of the laminate 1 and in contact with the laminate 1, and the cell layer 13 is located within the projected outline of the insulating member 3 in the direction perpendicular to the third direction Z.

[0124] At this point, the photovoltaic module assembly process is as follows:

[0125] S1: Apply the insulating component 3 to the edge of the laminate 1.

[0126] S2: Fill the frame body 21 with adhesive to form an adhesive layer 22.

[0127] S3: Place the edge of the laminate 1 into the frame 2, such that at least a portion of the structure of the insulating member 3 is located inside the frame 2, thereby clamping and fixing the frame 2 to the edge of the insulating member 3.

[0128] In this application embodiment, there is no special limitation on the order of steps S1 and S2. Step S1 can be performed first and then step S2, or step S2 can be performed first and then step S1, or steps S1 and S2 can be performed simultaneously.

[0129] like Figure 6 As shown, in the first direction X, the straight-line distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating member 3 is a, and in the third direction Z, the straight-line distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating member 3 is b. The dimension of the portion of the laminate 1 that is blocked by the insulating member 3 in the third direction Z in the first direction X is c.

[0130] In this embodiment, an insulating element 3 is provided between the frame 2 and the laminate 1, so that the creepage distance W can be a+b+c, that is, in some cases, W=a+b+c, which is beneficial to improve the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module and thus improve the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0131] Furthermore, in the direction perpendicular to the third direction Z, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm. For example, the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate can be 2.8 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.8 mm, 5.8 mm, 6.8 mm, 7.8 mm, 8.8 mm, 9.8 mm, 10.8 mm, 11.8 mm, 12.8 mm, 13.8 mm, 14.8 mm, 15.8 mm, 16.8 mm, 17.8 mm, 18.8 mm, 19.8 mm, 20 mm, etc.

[0132] If the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is small, the creepage distance will be small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4 mm.

[0133] If the distance between the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is large, the battery layer will be smaller and the number of battery cells will be less, resulting in a lower output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0134] Therefore, the distance between the edge of the battery layer and the laminate should be no less than 2.8 mm and no more than 20 mm. This can increase the creepage distance to improve the performance of the photovoltaic module and also help to increase the number of battery cells to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0135] The following section will discuss in detail the arrangement of battery layers using several structures of insulating components.

[0136] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the laminate and the insulating component in some embodiments. Figure 7 The outer edge of the laminate is indicated by a dashed line. For example... Figure 7 As shown, in a plane perpendicular to the third direction Z, the laminate 1 includes at least a first sidewall 14, a second sidewall 15, a third sidewall 16, and a fourth sidewall 17 arranged circumferentially. Figure 7 As shown, the insulating member 3 includes at least a first side portion 31, a second side portion 32, a third side portion 33 and a fourth side portion 34. The first side portion 31 contacts the first side wall 14, the second side portion 32 contacts the second side wall 15, the third side portion 33 contacts the third side wall 16, and the fourth side portion 34 contacts the fourth side wall 17.

[0137] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first side 31, the second side 32, the third side 33 and the fourth side 34 are constructed as a single unit.

[0138] During the photovoltaic module assembly process, one end of the entire insulating component 3 is attached to the edge of the laminate 1, and the insulating component 3 is pulled around the edge of the laminate 1 to complete the attachment of the insulating component 3 to the surface of the laminate 1, which reduces the difficulty of attachment.

[0139] based on Figure 7 The structure shown, Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the location of the battery layers in the laminate. Figure 8 The outer edge of the battery layer is indicated by a dashed line. For example... Figure 8 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is between 6mm and 10mm. Let A11 be the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X, then 6mm ≤ A11 ≤ 10mm. In the second direction Y, the distance between the edge of the battery layer and the edge of the laminate is between 8mm and 10mm. Let A12 be the distance between the edge of the battery layer and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y, then 8mm ≤ A12 ≤ 10mm.

[0140] A11 and A12 can be equal or unequal.

[0141] For example, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.2mm, 8.4mm, 8.6mm, 8.8mm, 9mm, 9.2mm, 9.4mm, 9.6mm, 9.8mm, 10mm, etc.

[0142] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is small, then the distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating component is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4 mm.

[0143] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is large, the size of the battery layer 13 in the first direction X will be small, that is, the number of battery cells will be small, which will affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0144] Therefore, 6mm≤A11≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of cells installed in the first direction X, so as to improve the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0145] For example, 6mm≤A11≤7mm, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, etc.

[0146] For example, 7mm≤A11≤8mm, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, etc.

[0147] For example, 8mm≤A11≤9mm, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0148] For example, 9mm≤A11≤10mm, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0149] The distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.2mm, 8.4mm, 8.6mm, 8.8mm, 9mm, 9.2mm, 9.4mm, 9.6mm, 9.8mm, 10mm, etc.

[0150] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is small, the distance between the battery layer 13 and the insulating component will be small, posing a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4 mm.

[0151] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is large, the size of the battery layer 13 in the second direction Y will be small, that is, the number of battery cells will be small, which will affect the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0152] Therefore, 8mm≤A12≤10mm can improve the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of cells installed in the second direction Y, so as to improve the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0153] For example, 8mm≤A12≤9mm, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0154] For example, 9mm≤A12≤10mm, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0155] based on Figure 8 The structure shown, Figure 9 for Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the battery layer 13 includes a plurality of battery cells 131 and at least one busbar 133. The plurality of battery cells 131 are arranged and connected along a first direction X to form a battery string, and the busbar 133 extends along the first direction X. In the second direction Y, at least a portion of the busbar 133 is located between the battery string and the edge of the laminate 1, and the busbar 133 is used for electrically connecting adjacent battery strings.

[0156] In the first direction X, the distance between the outermost battery cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a1, where 8mm ≤ a1 ≤ 10mm. For example, the distance a1 between the outermost battery cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.2mm, 8.4mm, 8.6mm, 8.8mm, 9mm, 9.2mm, 9.4mm, 9.6mm, 9.8mm, 10mm, etc.

[0157] A distance of 8mm≤a1≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of solar cells, thus increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0158] For example, 8mm≤a1≤9mm, the distance a1 between the outermost battery cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0159] For example, 9mm≤a1≤10mm, the distance a1 between the outermost battery cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0160] like Figure 9 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the busbar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a2. In some embodiments, a2 < a1, in which case a2 = A11, 0.5mm ≤ a1 - a2 ≤ 2mm. For example, a1 - a2 can be equal to 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 0.95mm, 1mm, 1.05mm, 1.1mm, 1.15mm, 1.2mm, 1.25mm, 1.3mm, 1.35mm, 1.4mm, 1.45mm, 1.5mm, 1.55mm, 1.6mm, 1.65mm, 1.7mm, 1.75mm, 1.8mm, 1.85mm, 1.9mm, 1.95mm, 2mm, etc.

[0161] If a1-a2 is small, the busbar 133 will be longer, the cost of the busbar 133 will be higher, and the distance between the busbar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 will be closer, resulting in a smaller creepage distance for the photovoltaic module.

[0162] If a1-a2 is large, the length of busbar 133 will be small, the current transmission capacity of busbar 133 will be poor, and the risk of low output power of photovoltaic module will be high.

[0163] Therefore, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm can reduce the cost of busbar 133 and increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules to improve the performance of photovoltaic modules. It can also improve the current transmission capability of busbar 133 to increase the output power of photovoltaic modules.

[0164] For example, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤1mm, where a1-a2 can be equal to 0.5mm, 0.52mm, 0.54mm, 0.56mm, 0.58mm, 0.6mm, 0.62mm, 0.64mm, 0.66mm, 0.68mm, 0.7mm, 0.72mm, 0.74mm, 0.76mm, 0.78mm, 0.8mm, 0.82mm, 0.84mm, 0.86mm, 0.88mm, 0.9mm, 0.92mm, 0.94mm, 0.96mm, 0.98mm, 1mm, etc.

[0165] For example, 1mm≤a1-a2≤1.5mm, where a1-a2 can be equal to 1mm, 1.02mm, 1.04mm, 1.06mm, 1.08mm, 1.1mm, 1.12mm, 1.14mm, 1.16mm, 1.18mm, 1.2mm, 1.22mm, 1.24mm, 1.26mm, 1.28mm, 1.3mm, 1.32mm, 1.34mm, 1.36mm, 1.38mm, 1.4mm, 1.42mm, 1.44mm, 1.46mm, 1.48mm, 1.5mm, etc.

[0166] For example, 1.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm, where a1-a2 can be equal to 1.5mm, 1.52mm, 1.54mm, 1.56mm, 1.58mm, 1.6mm, 1.62mm, 1.64mm, 1.66mm, 1.68mm, 1.7mm, 1.72mm, 1.74mm, 1.76mm, 1.78mm, 1.8mm, 1.82mm, 1.84mm, 1.86mm, 1.88mm, 1.9mm, 1.92mm, 1.94mm, 1.96mm, 1.98mm, 2mm, etc.

[0167] In other embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, a2 > a1, then a1 = A11, 1mm ≤ a2 - a1 ≤ 8mm. For example, a2 - a1 can be equal to 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, etc.

[0168] If a2-a1 is smaller, then A21 is smaller, resulting in a smaller creepage distance for the photovoltaic module.

[0169] If a2-a1 is large, the length of busbar 133 will be small, the current transmission capacity of busbar 133 will be poor, and the risk of low output power of photovoltaic module will be high.

[0170] Therefore, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm can improve the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the performance of the photovoltaic module, and can also improve the current transmission capability of the busbar 133, so as to improve the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0171] For example, 1mm≤a2-a1≤5mm, where a2-a1 can be equal to 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc.

[0172] For example, 5mm≤a2-a1≤8mm, where a2-a1 can be equal to 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, etc.

[0173] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the laminate and the insulating component in some other embodiments. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the first side 31, the second side 32, the third side 33 and the fourth side 34 are constructed as separate structures, and there are splicing gaps 35 between the first side 31 and the second side 32, between the second side 32 and the third side 33, between the third side 33 and the fourth side 34, and between the fourth side 34 and the first side 31.

[0174] The splicing gap 35 can be parallel to the first direction X, parallel to the second direction Y, or have an angle with both the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0175] Figure 11 The example shows that the extension direction of the splice gap 35 has an angle of 45° with both the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0176] During the photovoltaic module assembly process, the insulating component 3 can be cut into four pieces with a 45° bevel according to the preset size, and then the four pieces can be attached to the four side walls of the laminate 1 respectively.

[0177] Alternatively, the entire insulating element 3 can be first attached to one of the first sidewalls 14 of the laminate 1, then the insulating element 3 can be cut off, and the remaining insulating element 3 can be attached to the second sidewall 15 of the laminate 1, then the insulating element 3 can be cut off, and the remaining insulating element 3 can be attached to the third sidewall 16 of the laminate 1, then the insulating element 3 can be cut off, and the remaining insulating element 3 can be attached to the fourth sidewall 17 of the laminate 1, thus completing the attachment of the insulating element 3 to the four sidewalls of the laminate 1.

[0178] In this embodiment, the insulating component 3 is first cut into four parts of a specific size and angle, and then respectively attached to the four side walls of the laminate 1. This reduces the risk of wrinkles appearing at the corners of the laminate 1, thereby improving the flatness of the insulating component 3 attached to the surface of the laminate 1.

[0179] based on Figure 11 The structure shown, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the battery layers at the splicing seam. Figure 12 The outer edge of the laminate is indicated by a dashed line, and the outer edge of the battery layer is indicated by a short line-dot. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the minimum distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 is A21, and at the splicing gap 35, the distance between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 is A22.

[0180] Please also refer to Figure 6 and Figure 12 When A21+A22≤a+b+c, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is W=A21+A22. In this case, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm, 0.1mm≤A22≤8.6mm.

[0181] The minimum distance A21 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.3mm, 3.6mm, 3.9mm, 4mm, 4.3mm, 4.6mm, 4.9mm, 5mm, 5.3mm, 5.6mm, 5.9mm, 6mm, 6.3mm, 6.6mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.3mm, 7.6mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, 8.3mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.3mm, 9.6mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, 10.3mm, 10.6mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, 11.3mm, etc.

[0182] If A21 is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module will be small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0183] If A21 is large, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the laminate 1 will be large, resulting in fewer battery cells in the battery layer 13 and affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0184] Therefore, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm can improve the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of solar cells, thus increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0185] For example, 2.8mm≤A21≤5.3mm, the minimum distance A21 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3mm, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 3.9mm, 4mm, 4.1mm, 4.2mm, 4.3mm, 4.4mm, 4.5mm, 4.6mm, 4.7mm, 4.8mm, 4.9mm, 5mm, 5.1mm, 5.2mm, 5.3mm, etc.

[0186] For example, 5.3mm≤A21≤8.3mm, the minimum distance A21 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 5.3mm, 5.4mm, 5.5mm, 5.6mm, 5.7mm, 5.8mm, 5.9mm, 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, etc.

[0187] For example, 8.3mm≤A21≤11.3mm, the minimum distance A21 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, 10.1mm, 10.2mm, 10.3mm, 10.4mm, 10.5mm, 10.6mm, 10.7mm, 10.8mm, 10.9mm, 11mm, 11.1mm, 11.2mm, 11.3mm, etc.

[0188] At the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating component 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.1mm, 0.6mm, 1.1mm, 1.6mm, 2.1mm, 2.6mm, 3.1mm, 3.6mm, 4.1mm, 4.6mm, 5.1mm, 5.6mm, 6.1mm, 6.6mm, 7.1mm, 7.6mm, 8.1mm, 8.6mm, etc.

[0189] If A22 is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module will be small, posing a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, if A22 is small, the thickness of the insulating component 3 will be thinner, making the processing of the insulating component 3 more difficult, and increasing the risk of damage to the insulating component 3 during processing, installation, and transportation, meaning that the structural strength of the insulating component 3 is poor.

[0190] If A22 is larger, the thickness of the insulating component 3 will be larger, and the cost of the insulating component 3 will be higher.

[0191] Therefore, 0.1mm≤A22≤8.6mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module, improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, enhance the structural strength of the insulation component 3, and reduce the cost of the insulation component 3, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0192] For example, 0.1mm≤A22≤2.6mm, at the splicing gap 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating component 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, etc.

[0193] For example, 2.6mm≤A22≤4.6mm, at the splice seam 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splice seam 35 can be 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3.0, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 3.9mm, 4.0mm, 4.1mm, 4.2mm, 4.3mm, 4.4mm, 4.5mm, 4.6mm, etc.

[0194] For example, 4.6mm≤A22≤6.6mm, at the splice seam 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splice seam 35 can be 4.6mm, 4.7mm, 4.8mm, 4.9mm, 5.0, 5.1mm, 5.2mm, 5.3mm, 5.4mm, 5.5mm, 5.6mm, 5.7mm, 5.8mm, 5.9mm, 6.0mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, etc.

[0195] For example, 6.6mm≤A22≤8.6mm, at the splice seam 35, the distance A22 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splice seam 35 can be 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7.0, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8.0mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, etc.

[0196] Continue to refer to Figure 12 In the first direction X, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A23, 6mm≤A23≤10mm. In the second direction Y, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A24, 8mm≤A24≤10mm.

[0197] For example, the distance A23 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, etc.

[0198] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is small, then the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0199] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is large, the number of battery cells contained in the battery layer 13 will be small, affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0200] Therefore, 6mm≤A23≤10mm can increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of solar cells, thus increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0201] For example, 6mm≤A23≤8mm, the distance A23 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, etc.

[0202] For example, 8mm≤A23≤10mm, the distance A23 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0203] The distance A24 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, etc.

[0204] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is small, then the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0205] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is large, the number of battery cells contained in the battery layer 13 will be small, affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0206] Therefore, 8mm≤A24≤10mm can improve the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of solar cells, thus increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0207] For example, 8mm≤A24≤9mm, the distance A24 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8.0mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9.0mm, etc.

[0208] For example, 9mm≤A24≤10mm, the distance A24 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 9.0mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10.0mm, etc.

[0209] Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. For example... Figure 13 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the outermost battery cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a1, where 8mm≤a1≤10mm.

[0210] like Figure 13As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the busbar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a2. In some embodiments, a2 < a1. In this case, a2 = A23, 0.5mm ≤ a1 - a2 ≤ 2mm.

[0211] In other embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, a2 > a1. At this time, a1 = A23, 1mm ≤ a2 - a1 ≤ 8mm.

[0212] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the laminate and the insulating component in some further embodiments. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the splicing gap 35 is parallel to either the first direction X or the second direction Y. Figure 15 The example shows a seam 35 parallel to the first direction X.

[0213] At this time, the way the insulating element 3 is attached to the edge of the laminate 1 is the same as... Figure 15 The same method of applying the structure is used, so it will not be described again here.

[0214] based on Figure 15 The structure shown, Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the battery layers at the splicing seam. (Example) Figure 16 As shown, the minimum distance between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 is A31, and at the splicing gap 35, the distance between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating member 3 along the splicing gap 35 is A32.

[0215] Please also refer to Figure 6 and Figure 16 When A31+A32≤a+b+c, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is W=A31+A32. In this case, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm.

[0216] The minimum distance A31 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 10.5mm, 11mm, 11.5mm, 12mm, 12.5mm, 13mm, 13.5mm, 14mm, 14.5mm, 15mm, 15.5mm, 16mm, 16.5mm, 17mm, 17.5mm, 18mm, 18.5mm, 19mm, 19.5mm, 20mm, etc.

[0217] If A31 is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module will be small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0218] If A31 is large, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the laminate 1 will be large, resulting in fewer battery cells in the battery layer 13 and affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0219] Therefore, a creepage distance of 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm can improve the performance of photovoltaic modules and also help increase the number of solar cells, thereby increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0220] For example, 10.5mm ≤ A31 ≤ 15mm, the minimum distance A31 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 10.5mm, 10.6mm, 10.7mm, 10.8mm, 10.9mm, 11.0mm, 11.1mm, 11.2mm, 11.3mm, 11.4mm, 11.5mm, 11.6mm, 11.7mm, 11.8mm, 11.9mm, 12.0mm, 12.1mm, 12.2mm, 12.3mm, 12 .4mm, 12.5mm, 12.6mm, 12.7mm, 12.8mm, 12.9mm, 13.0mm, 13.1mm, 13.2mm, 13.3mm, 13.4mm, 13.5mm, 13.6mm, 13.7m m, 13.8mm, 13.9mm, 14.0mm, 14.1mm, 14.2mm, 14.3mm, 14.4mm, 14.5mm, 14.6mm, 14.7mm, 14.8mm, 14.9mm, 15.0mm, etc.

[0221] For example, 15mm ≤ A31 ≤ 20mm, the minimum distance A31 between the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splicing gap 35 can be 15.0mm, 15.1mm, 15.2mm, 15.3mm, 15.4mm, 15.5mm, 15.6mm, 15.7mm, 15.8mm, 15.9mm, 16.0mm, 16.1mm, 16.2mm, 16.3mm, 16.4mm, 16.5mm, 16.6mm, 16.7mm, 16.8mm, 16.9mm, 17.0mm, or 17.1mm. , 17.2mm, 17.3mm, 17.4mm, 17.5mm, 17.6mm, 17.7mm, 17.8mm, 17.9mm, 18.0mm, 18.1mm, 18.2mm, 18.3mm, 18.4mm, 18.5mm, 18. 6mm, 18.7mm, 18.8mm, 18.9mm, 19.0mm, 19.1mm, 19.2mm, 19.3mm, 19.4mm, 19.5mm, 19.6mm, 19.7mm, 19.8mm, 19.9mm, 20.0mm, etc.

[0222] At the splicing gap 35, the distance A32 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating component 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.3mm, 0.32mm, 0.34mm, 0.36mm, 0.38mm, 0.4mm, 0.42mm, 0.44mm, 0.46mm, 0.48mm, 0.5mm, etc.

[0223] If A32 is small, the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module will be small, posing a risk that the creepage distance will be less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, if A32 is small, the thickness of the insulating component 3 will be thinner, making the processing of the insulating component 3 more difficult, and increasing the risk of damage to the insulating component 3 during processing, installation, and transportation, meaning that the structural strength of the insulating component 3 is poor.

[0224] If A32 is larger, the thickness of the insulating component 3 will be larger, and the cost of the insulating component 3 will be higher.

[0225] Therefore, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module, improve the performance of the photovoltaic module, enhance the structural strength of the insulation component 3, and reduce the cost of the insulation component 3, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0226] For example, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.4mm, at the splicing gap 35, the distance A32 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splicing gap 35 can be 0.3mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 0.4mm, etc.

[0227] For example, 0.4mm≤A32≤0.5mm, at the splice gap 35, the distance A32 between the edge of the laminate 1 and the outer edge of the insulating part 3 along the splice gap 35 can be 0.4mm, 0.41mm, 0.42mm, 0.43mm, 0.44mm, 0.45mm, 0.46mm, 0.47mm, 0.48mm, 0.49mm, 0.5mm, etc.

[0228] Continue to refer to Figure 16 In the first direction X, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A33, 6mm≤A33≤10mm. In the second direction Y, the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 is A34, 8mm≤A34≤10mm.

[0229] For example, the distance A33 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, etc.

[0230] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is small, then the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0231] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X is large, the number of battery cells contained in the battery layer 13 will be small, affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0232] Therefore, 6mm≤A33≤10mm can improve the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of solar cells, thus increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0233] For example, 6mm≤A33≤8mm, the distance A33 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 6mm, 6.1mm, 6.2mm, 6.3mm, 6.4mm, 6.5mm, 6.6mm, 6.7mm, 6.8mm, 6.9mm, 7mm, 7.1mm, 7.2mm, 7.3mm, 7.4mm, 7.5mm, 7.6mm, 7.7mm, 7.8mm, 7.9mm, 8mm, etc.

[0234] For example, 8mm≤A33≤10mm, the distance A33 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the first direction X can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0235] The distance A34 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.2mm, 8.4mm, 8.6mm, 8.8mm, 9mm, 9.2mm, 9.4mm, 9.6mm, 9.8mm, 10mm, etc.

[0236] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is small, then the creepage distance W of the photovoltaic module is small, and there is a risk that the creepage distance is less than 10.4mm, which will affect the performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0237] If the distance between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y is large, the number of battery cells contained in the battery layer 13 will be small, affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0238] Therefore, 8mm≤A34≤10mm can improve the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving their performance. It also helps to increase the number of solar cells, thus increasing the output power of the photovoltaic modules.

[0239] For example, 8mm≤A34≤9mm, the distance A34 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 8mm, 8.1mm, 8.2mm, 8.3mm, 8.4mm, 8.5mm, 8.6mm, 8.7mm, 8.8mm, 8.9mm, 9mm, etc.

[0240] For example, 9mm≤A34≤10mm, the distance A34 between the edge of the battery layer 13 and the edge of the laminate 1 in the second direction Y can be 9mm, 9.1mm, 9.2mm, 9.3mm, 9.4mm, 9.5mm, 9.6mm, 9.7mm, 9.8mm, 9.9mm, 10mm, etc.

[0241] Figure 17 for Figure 16 The diagram shows the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. For example... Figure 17 As shown, in the first direction X, the distance between the outermost battery cell 131 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a1, and the distance between the busbar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 is a2. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 17 As shown, a2 < a1. At this time, a2 = A33. The distance between the busbar 133 and the edge of the laminate 1 at the splice seam 35 is A31, 10.5mm ≤ A31 ≤ 15mm.

[0242] Where a2 < a1, and 0.5mm ≤ a1 - a2 ≤ 2mm, then a1 = A33.

[0243] Figure 18 for Figure 16 The diagram shows the structure of the battery layer in some embodiments. For example... Figure 18 As shown, a2>a1, 1mm≤a2-a1≤8mm.

[0244] Figure 19 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laminate in some embodiments. For example... Figure 19 As shown, the encapsulation layer 12 includes at least a first adhesive film 123. In the thickness direction Z of the laminate, the projection of the splicing gap is located within the projection range of the first adhesive film 123. The first adhesive film 123 is a waterproof adhesive film. For example, the first adhesive film 123 is butyl rubber.

[0245] In this embodiment, a waterproof membrane is installed below the splicing seam, which can reduce the risk of external moisture entering the interior of the laminate through the splicing seam, thereby reducing the risk of moisture intrusion into the solar cells causing aging, short circuits, etc., and thus improving the performance and service life of the photovoltaic module.

[0246] like Figure 19 As shown, the encapsulation layer 12 also includes a second adhesive film 124. The first adhesive film 123 is located at least at the splicing seam, and the remaining positions can use the second adhesive film 124 which does not have waterproof function to reduce the cost of the encapsulation layer 12.

[0247] The projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 onto the third direction Z can be a fan shape, a triangle, a rectangle, an L shape, a square shape, or other shapes. In this embodiment, the shape of the first adhesive film 123 is not specifically limited.

[0248] Figure 19 The example shows that the projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 onto the third direction Z is rectangular.

[0249] Figure 20 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laminate in some other embodiments. Figure 19 The example shows that the projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 onto the third direction Z is L-shaped.

[0250] Figure 21 This is a structural schematic diagram of the laminate in some other embodiments. Figure 21 The projection shape of the first adhesive film 123 onto the third direction Z is shown to be a square shape.

[0251] Refer again Figure 19 In the first direction X, the size of the first adhesive film 123 is H1, 10mm≤H1≤100mm. For example, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X can be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, etc.

[0252] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X is small, the first adhesive film 123 will have a poor shielding effect on the splicing gap, and the risk of moisture intrusion into the laminate will be high.

[0253] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X is large, the material cost of the first adhesive film 123 will be high.

[0254] Therefore, 10mm≤H1≤100mm can improve the shielding effect of the first encapsulant film 121 on the splicing gap, thereby reducing the risk of moisture intrusion into the laminate, thus reducing the risk of cell aging and short circuit, improving the performance and service life of the photovoltaic module, and also reducing the material cost of the first encapsulant film 123, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0255] For example, 10mm≤H1≤50mm, the dimensions of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X can be 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 44mm, 46mm, 48mm, 50mm, etc.

[0256] For example, 50mm≤H1≤100mm, the dimensions of the first adhesive film 123 in the first direction X can be 50mm, 52mm, 54mm, 56mm, 58mm, 60mm, 62mm, 64mm, 66mm, 68mm, 70mm, 72mm, 74mm, 76mm, 78mm, 80mm, 82mm, 84mm, 86mm, 88mm, 90mm, 92mm, 94mm, 96mm, 98mm, 100mm, etc.

[0257] In the second direction Y, the size of the first adhesive film is H2, 10mm≤H2≤100mm. For example, the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y can be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, etc.

[0258] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y is small, the first adhesive film 123 will have a poor shielding effect on the splicing gap, and the risk of moisture intrusion into the laminate will be high.

[0259] If the size of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y is large, the material cost of the first adhesive film 123 will be high.

[0260] Therefore, 10mm≤H2≤100mm can improve the shielding effect of the first encapsulant film 121 on the splicing gap, thereby reducing the risk of moisture intrusion into the laminate, thus reducing the risk of cell aging and short circuit, improving the performance and service life of the photovoltaic module, and also reducing the material cost of the first encapsulant film 123, thereby reducing the cost of the photovoltaic module.

[0261] For example, 10mm≤H2≤50mm, the dimensions of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y can be 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 24mm, 26mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 44mm, 46mm, 48mm, 50mm, etc.

[0262] For example, 50mm≤H2≤100mm, the dimensions of the first adhesive film 123 in the second direction Y can be 50mm, 52mm, 54mm, 56mm, 58mm, 60mm, 62mm, 64mm, 66mm, 68mm, 70mm, 72mm, 74mm, 76mm, 78mm, 80mm, 82mm, 84mm, 86mm, 88mm, 90mm, 92mm, 94mm, 96mm, 98mm, 100mm, etc.

[0263] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes: The laminate (1) includes a battery layer (13). An insulating element (3) is disposed on the edge of the laminate (1) and in contact with the laminate (1) along the circumferential direction of the laminate (1). In a direction perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the battery layer (13) is located within the projected outline of the insulating element (3), and the third direction (Z) is parallel to the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. In a direction perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the distance between the edge of the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) is not less than 2.8 mm and not more than 20 mm.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the laminate (1) includes at least a first sidewall (14), a second sidewall (15), a third sidewall (16) and a fourth sidewall (17) arranged in its circumferential direction. The insulating member (3) includes at least a first side portion (31), a second side portion (32), a third side portion (33) and a fourth side portion (34), wherein the first side portion (31) contacts the first side wall (14), the second side portion (32) contacts the second side wall (15), the third side portion (33) contacts the third side wall (16), and the fourth side portion (34) contacts the fourth side wall (17); The first side (31), the second side (32), the third side (33) and the fourth side (34) are constructed as a single unit.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the laminate (1) includes at least a first sidewall (14), a second sidewall (15), a third sidewall (16) and a fourth sidewall (17) arranged in its circumferential direction. The insulating member (3) includes at least a first side portion (31), a second side portion (32), a third side portion (33) and a fourth side portion (34), wherein the first side portion (31) contacts the first side wall (14), the second side portion (32) contacts the second side wall (15), the third side portion (33) contacts the third side wall (16), and the fourth side portion (34) contacts the fourth side wall (17); The first side (31), the second side (32), the third side (33) and the fourth side (34) are constructed as a split structure, and there are splicing gaps (35) between the first side (31) and the second side (32), between the second side (32) and the third side (33), between the third side (33) and the fourth side (34), and between the fourth side (34) and the first side (31).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the splicing gap (35) is not parallel to the first direction (X), and the splicing gap (35) is not parallel to the second direction (Y).

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) at the splicing gap (35) is A21, 2.8mm≤A21≤11.3mm; At the splicing gap (35), the distance between the edge of the laminate (1) and the outer edge of the insulating member (3) along the splicing gap (35) is A22, 0.1mm≤A22≤8.6mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, In a plane perpendicular to the third direction (Z), the splicing gap (35) is parallel to the first direction (X) or the second direction (Y).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the battery layer (13) and the edge of the laminate (1) at the splicing gap (35) is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤20mm; At the splicing gap (35), the distance between the edge of the laminate (1) and the outer edge of the insulating member (3) along the splicing gap (35) is A32, 0.3mm≤A32≤0.5mm.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings and at least one busbar (133), the plurality of battery strings being arranged along the first direction (X) and the busbar (133) extending along the first direction (X); In the second direction (Y), at least a portion of the busbar (133) is located between the edge of the battery string and the laminate (1), and the busbar (133) is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings; In the first direction (X), the distance between the busbar (133) and the edge of the laminate (1) is less than the distance between the battery string and the edge of the laminate (1); The distance between the busbar (133) and the edge of the laminate (1) at the splice seam (35) is A31, 10.5mm≤A31≤15mm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, In the first direction (X), the distance between the edge of the battery layer (13) and the laminate (1) is between 6 mm and 10 mm; In the second direction (Y), the distance between the edge of the battery layer (13) and the laminate (1) is between 8 mm and 10 mm; The first direction (X), the second direction (Y), and the third direction (Z) are perpendicular to each other.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings and at least one busbar (133), the plurality of battery strings being arranged along the first direction (X) and the busbar (133) extending along the first direction (X); In the second direction (Y), at least a portion of the busbar (133) is located between the edge of the battery string and the laminate (1), and the busbar (133) is used to electrically connect adjacent battery strings; In the first direction (X), the distance between the battery string and the edge of the laminate (1) is a1, 8mm≤a1≤10mm.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the first direction (X), the distance between the busbar (133) and the edge of the laminate (1) is a2; a2<a1, 0.5mm≤a1-a2≤2mm; Alternatively, a2 > a1, 1mm ≤ a2 - a1 ≤ 8mm.

12. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The laminate (1) further includes an encapsulation layer (12), at least a portion of the structure of the encapsulation layer (12) being located on the light-facing side of the battery layer (13), and / or, at least a portion of the structure of the encapsulation layer (12) being located on the backlight side of the battery layer (13). The encapsulation layer (12) includes at least a first adhesive film (123), and in the third direction (Z), the projection of the splicing gap (35) is located within the projection range of the first adhesive film (123); The first adhesive film (123) is a waterproof adhesive film.

13. The photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that, In the first direction (X), the size of the first adhesive film (123) is H1, 10mm≤H1≤100mm; In the second direction (Y), the size of the first adhesive film (123) is H2, 10mm≤H2≤100mm.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that, On the third direction (Z), the projection shape of the first adhesive film (123) is a fan shape, a triangle, a rectangle, an L shape or a square shape.

15. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings, which are arranged along a first direction (X); In the first direction (X), the number of battery strings is greater than or equal to 2; In the first direction (X), the distance between adjacent battery strings is L1, where 9mm ≤ L1 ≤ 11mm.

16. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The battery layer (13) includes a plurality of battery strings, which are arranged along a second direction (Y); In the second direction (Y), the number of battery strings is greater than or equal to 4; In the second direction (Y), the distance between adjacent battery strings is L2, 0.5mm≤L2≤1.6mm.

17. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The battery layer (13) includes at least one battery string, which includes multiple battery cells (131). The number of the battery cells (131) contained in one of the battery strings is N, where 8 ≤ N ≤ 24; The distance between adjacent solar cells (131) is L3, -0.6mm≤L3≤0.8mm.

18. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, In the first direction (X), the size of the photovoltaic module is S1, 1700mm≤S1≤2400mm; In the second direction (Y), the size of the photovoltaic module is S2, 1100mm≤S2≤1350mm.

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