A milling machine spindle box and a milling machine

Abstract

A milling machine spindle box includes a base, a drive mechanism, a shifting mechanism, a first spindle, and a second spindle. The drive mechanism includes a first motor and an output shaft, with a first driving gear on the output shaft. The shifting mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve, a sliding sleeve, and a first telescopic drive device. The first rotating shaft has a first driven gear and a second driving gear, which mesh with the first driving gear. The rotating sleeve has a first transmission tooth in its connecting cavity, and the sliding sleeve has a second transmission tooth on its outer end wall. The first spindle includes a bushing, a second rotating shaft, a drawbar, a tool lock, and a second telescopic drive device mounted in the base. The bushing has a second driven gear. The second spindle includes an inner mounting sleeve, an outer mounting sleeve, a third driven gear, an annular mounting disc, and a roughing cutter disc. The roughing cutter disc has a clearance hole in its middle position. Compared with the prior art, the spindle box of this invention can perform both rough and fine milling and has a compact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of milling machine spindle boxes, specifically relating to a milling machine spindle box and a milling machine using the milling machine spindle box. Background Technology

[0002] To perform rough and finish machining on existing milling machines, it is generally necessary to transfer the product to a finish milling machine for rough milling and then to a finish milling machine for finish milling. This not only results in low processing efficiency but also requires two machines, leading to high equipment costs.

[0003] Authorization notice number CN222221148U discloses a dual-tool spindle box, which is equipped with two sets of machining tools to achieve rough milling and finish milling of products, thus enabling rough milling and finish milling of products with a single device. However, the two tool systems of this spindle box are set independently, which not only increases the overall size of the spindle box but also limits its application scenarios. To avoid interference between the spindle and the worktable, the two spindles in the above-mentioned dual spindle box are arranged horizontally spaced apart. This has the following two problems: First, when machining products of the same size, the travel distance of the spindle box needs to be increased. The increased travel distance is at least the distance between the two spindles to ensure that both spindles can machine the product. However, increasing the travel distance of the spindle box means that the equipment needs to increase the space required to install the corresponding moving mechanism, resulting in an increase in the equipment's footprint. Second, when the spindle box is mounted on a column, the spindle box has a cantilever structure, and the side away from the column has poor rigidity. In two horizontally spaced spindles, the spindle farthest from the column is prone to vibration in the spindle box during machining, affecting machining quality. In particular, in the aforementioned spindle box, since the rough milling spindle components are larger and heavier than the finish milling spindle, in order to ensure the operating rigidity of the spindle box, the rough milling spindle is installed on the side closer to the column, and the finish milling spindle is installed on the side farther from the column. When the finish milling spindle is used for machining, the vibration of the spindle box will greatly affect the finish milling quality and reduce the machining quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a milling machine spindle box.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a milling machine spindle box, including a base, a drive mechanism, a shifting mechanism, a first spindle, and a second spindle; The drive mechanism includes a first motor and an output shaft. The first motor is mounted in the base, and the output shaft is rotatably connected to the base and its end is connected to the first motor. A first drive gear is provided on the output shaft. The shifting mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve, a sliding sleeve, and a first telescopic drive device. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the seat body. A first driven gear and a second driving gear are provided on the first rotating shaft. The first driven gear meshes with the first driving gear. The rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the seat body. A third driving gear is provided at one end of the rotating sleeve. A connecting cavity is provided at the other end of the rotating sleeve. A first transmission tooth is provided on the inner sidewall of the connecting cavity. The sliding sleeve is sleeved on the first rotating shaft and can rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft and can move axially along the first rotating shaft. A second transmission tooth is provided on the outer sidewall of the sleeve end. The telescopic drive device is used to drive the sliding sleeve to move so that the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth are engaged and disengaged. The first spindle includes a bushing, a second rotating shaft, a drawbar, a tool locker, and a second telescopic drive device installed in the housing. The bushing is rotatably connected to the housing and has a second driven gear meshing with the second driving gear. The second rotating shaft is located inside the bushing and can rotate synchronously with the bushing and move axially along the bushing. The second rotating shaft has a first mounting cavity extending through both ends. The drawbar is fixedly connected to the first mounting cavity. One end of the drawbar is used to mount a precision milling cutter, and the tool locker is connected to the other end of the drawbar. The second telescopic drive device is used to drive the second rotating shaft to move back and forth. The second spindle includes an inner mounting sleeve, an outer mounting sleeve, a third driven gear, an annular mounting disc, and a rough milling cutter disc. The inner mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to the base. The first spindle is coaxially arranged with the inner mounting sleeve, and its end extends at least into the inner mounting sleeve. The outer mounting sleeve is rotatably connected to the outside of the inner mounting sleeve. The third driven gear and the annular mounting disc are respectively fixedly connected to the inner end face and the outer end face of the outer mounting sleeve. The third driven gear meshes with the third driving gear. The rough milling cutter disc is mounted on the annular mounting disc. A clearance hole is provided in the middle of the rough milling cutter disc. The clearance hole, the inner cavity of the annular mounting disc, and the inner cavity of the inner mounting sleeve are opposite to the first rotating shaft.

[0006] Furthermore, the shifting mechanism and the first main shaft are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction and close to the mounting surface of the seat. The drive mechanism is located on the horizontal outer side of the shifting mechanism, and the second telescopic drive device is located on the horizontal outer side of the second rotating shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the opposing end faces of the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth are both arc surfaces, and the arc surfaces are recessed inward along both sides of the circumferential direction toward the other end of the corresponding transmission tooth.

[0008] Furthermore, the first telescopic drive device includes a telescopic cylinder, a first transmission component, and a first end cap. The telescopic cylinder is provided with a telescopic rod. The first transmission component is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod. The first transmission component is provided with a second mounting cavity that extends through both ends of the first transmission component. One end of the second mounting cavity is provided with an annular limiting block. The first end cap is installed at the other end of the second mounting cavity. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a limiting shoulder and a retaining groove, and a retaining spring is provided in the retaining groove; A first bearing is provided between the sliding sleeve and the second mounting cavity. The two ends of the inner ring of the first bearing are respectively limited by the limiting shoulder and the snap ring, and the two ends of the outer ring of the first bearing are respectively limited by the annular limiting block and the first end cover.

[0009] Furthermore, the seat body is provided with an opening, the first telescopic drive device is installed on the outer side wall of the seat body, the first transmission member extends out of the seat body through the opening, and the two ends of the first transmission member are limited and engaged with the inner side wall of the opening.

[0010] Furthermore, both ends of the bushing are fixed to the base by the second bearing, so that the bushing can only be driven to rotate. The second driven gear is fixedly connected to the bushing and always meshes with the second driving gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer side wall of the first rotating shaft is provided with a first keyway, and the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a second keyway. The first keyway and the second keyway are arranged opposite to each other and a first locking block is provided between them.

[0012] Furthermore, the second telescopic drive device includes a second motor, a lead screw, and a second transmission component. The second motor is installed in the base body. One end of the lead screw is connected to the second motor, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to one end of the second transmission component for lead screw transmission. The other end of the second transmission component is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft to drive the second rotating shaft to move back and forth.

[0013] Furthermore, a third mounting cavity is provided at the bottom of the connecting cavity, and both ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively mounted in the third mounting cavity and the base body through a third bearing.

[0014] This invention also provides a milling machine that uses the above-described milling machine spindle box.

[0015] A milling machine includes a saddle module and a spindle box disposed on the saddle module, wherein the spindle box is any of the milling machine spindle boxes described above.

[0016] The working principle of the milling machine spindle box of this utility model is as follows: When rough milling of the product is required, the first telescopic drive device of the shifting mechanism drives the sliding sleeve to mesh its first transmission gear with the second transmission gear of the rotating sleeve. Then, the first motor of the drive mechanism drives the output shaft to rotate. At this time, the first driving gear rotates synchronously with the output shaft. The first driving gear and the first driven gear cooperate to drive the first rotating shaft of the shifting mechanism to rotate. The sliding sleeve and the rotating sleeve rotate synchronously. The third driving gear on the rotating sleeve cooperates with the third driven gear of the second spindle to drive the outer mounting sleeve to rotate. The annular mounting plate and the rough milling cutter plate rotate synchronously, and the product is rough milled by the rough milling cutter plate.

[0017] When precision milling of the product is required, the first telescopic drive device of the shifting mechanism drives the sliding sleeve to disengage the first transmission gear from the second transmission gear. The sliding sleeve cannot drive the rotating sleeve to rotate, meaning the shifting mechanism cannot drive the second rotating shaft to rotate. Then, the second telescopic drive device drives the first rotating shaft forward, positioning the machining surface of the tool mounted on the broaching rod in front of the roughing cutter head, preventing interference during machining. Next, the drive mechanism drives the first rotating shaft of the shifting mechanism to rotate. The first rotating shaft, through the second driving gear, drives the second driven gear to rotate, thereby rotating the bushing. The second rotating shaft and the broaching rod rotate synchronously with the bushing, thus driving the precision milling cutter head mounted on the broaching rod to rotate, enabling precision machining of the product.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The second spindle adopts a sleeve-type structure, with an annular mounting plate and a clearance hole in the middle of the roughing cutter head. Thus, after the first spindle and the inner mounting sleeve are coaxially mounted, the end of the first spindle can extend into the internal space of the inner mounting sleeve, the annular mounting plate, and the roughing cutter head, and can also mount the finishing cutter head. Ultimately, the first and second spindles are coaxially mounted in the housing. This design not only enables the spindle box to perform both roughing and finishing milling, but also, compared to two independently mounted spindles, the coaxially mounted spindle box is smaller and more compact, improving its applicability. Furthermore, it avoids vibrations caused by insufficient rigidity of the spindle far from the mounting surface of the housing during machining, which could lead to reduced machining quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the milling machine spindle box for an embodiment. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the spindle box; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top view of the milling machine spindle box; Figure 4 forFigure 3 A cross-sectional view of the AA plane; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the DD plane; Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the disengagement of the rotating sleeve and the sliding sleeve; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the milling machine with the milling spindle used in the embodiment. Seat 100; Opening 110; Drive mechanism 200; first motor 210; output shaft 220; first drive gear 230; Shifting mechanism 300; First rotating shaft 310; First driven gear 311; Second driving gear 312; Rotating sleeve 320; Third driving gear 321; Connecting cavity 322; First transmission gear 323; Third mounting cavity 324; Sliding sleeve 330; Second transmission gear 331; Limiting shoulder 332; Slot 333; Snap ring 334; First telescopic drive device 340; Telescopic cylinder 341; Telescopic rod 3411; First transmission component 342; Annular limiting block 3421; First bearing 3423; First end cap 343; First spindle 400; bushing 410; second driven gear 411; second rotating shaft 420; drawbar 430; tool locker 440; second telescopic drive device 450; second motor 451; lead screw 452; second transmission component 453; finish milling cutter head 460; Second spindle 500; inner mounting sleeve 510; outer mounting sleeve 520; third driven gear 530; annular mounting plate 540; roughing cutter plate 550; Workbench 600; base 710; column 720. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] A milling machine spindle box, see Figures 1-7 It includes a base 100, a drive mechanism 200, a shift mechanism 300, a first spindle 400 and a second spindle 500. The drive mechanism 200 drives the first spindle 400 and the second spindle 500 to rotate through the shift mechanism 300, so that the first spindle 400 and the second spindle 500 can perform corresponding machining.

[0022] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 200 includes a first motor 210 and an output shaft 220. The first motor 210 is installed inside the base 100, and the output shaft 220 is rotatably connected inside the base 100 and its end is connected to the first motor 210. A first drive gear 230 is provided on the output shaft 220. The first drive gear 230 is fixed on the output shaft 220 and can rotate synchronously with the output shaft 220.

[0023] The shifting mechanism 300 includes a first rotating shaft 310, a rotating sleeve 320, a sliding sleeve 330, and a first telescopic drive device 340. The two ends of the first rotating shaft 310 are rotatably connected to the base 100 via fourth bearings, and it can only rotate when driven. The first rotating shaft 310 is provided with a first driven gear 311 and a second driving gear 312, with the first driven gear 311 meshing with the first driving gear 330. The rotating sleeve 320 is rotatably connected to the front end of the base 100 via a fifth bearing. One end of the rotating sleeve 320 is provided with a third drive gear 321, which rotates synchronously with the rotating sleeve 320. The other end of the rotating sleeve 320 is provided with a connecting cavity 322. The inner side wall of the connecting cavity 322 is provided with a first transmission tooth 323. The sliding sleeve 330 is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 310 and can rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft 310 and can move along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 310. The outer side wall of the end of the sliding sleeve 330 is provided with a second transmission tooth 331. The telescopic drive device is used to drive the sliding sleeve 330 to move so that the first transmission tooth 323 and the second transmission tooth 331 are in an engaged state and disengaged state.

[0024] The first spindle 400 includes a bushing 410, a second rotating shaft 420, a drawbar 430, a tool locker 440, and a second telescopic drive device 450 installed within the base 100. The bushing 410 is rotatably connected to the base 100 via a sixth bearing and can only rotate under drive. The bushing 410 is provided with a second driven gear 411 that rotates synchronously with it, and the second driven gear 411 meshes with a second driving gear 312. The second rotating shaft 420 is installed within the bushing 410 via a sliding bearing insert. The second rotating shaft 420 can rotate synchronously with the bushing 410 and can move axially along the bushing 410. The second rotating shaft 420 has a first mounting cavity extending through both ends. The drawbar 430 is fixedly connected to the first mounting cavity. One end of the drawbar 430 is used to mount a precision milling cutter 460, and the tool locker 440 is connected to the other end of the drawbar 430. The second telescopic drive device 450 is used to drive the second rotating shaft 420 to move back and forth.

[0025] The second spindle 500 includes an inner mounting sleeve 510, an outer mounting sleeve 520, a third driven gear 530, an annular mounting plate 540, and a roughing cutter plate 550. The inner mounting sleeve 510 is fixedly connected to the front end of the base 100 and located directly below the third drive gear 321. The first main shaft 400 is coaxially arranged with the inner mounting sleeve 510 and its end extends at least into the inner mounting sleeve 510. The outer mounting sleeve 520 is rotatably connected to the outside of the inner mounting sleeve 510 through the seventh bearing. The third driven gear 530 and the annular mounting plate 540 are fixedly connected to the inner end face and the outer end face of the outer mounting sleeve 520, respectively. The third driven gear 530 meshes with the third drive gear 321. The rough milling cutter disc 550 is mounted on the annular mounting plate 540. A clearance hole is provided in the middle position of the rough milling cutter disc 550. The clearance hole, the inner cavity of the annular mounting plate 540, and the inner cavity of the inner mounting sleeve 510 are opposite to the first rotating shaft 310, thereby forming a space that can house the first main shaft 400.

[0026] When rough milling of the product is required, the first telescopic drive device 340 of the shift mechanism 300 pushes the sliding sleeve 330 so that its first transmission gear 323 meshes with the second transmission gear 331 of the rotating sleeve 320. Then, the first motor 210 of the drive mechanism 200 drives the output shaft 220 to rotate. At this time, the first drive gear 230 rotates synchronously with the output shaft 220. The first drive gear 230 and the first driven gear 311 cooperate to drive the first rotating shaft 310 of the shift mechanism 300 to rotate. The sliding sleeve 330 and the rotating sleeve 320 rotate synchronously. The third drive gear 321 on the rotating sleeve 320 cooperates with the third driven gear 530 of the second main shaft 500 to drive the outer mounting sleeve 520 to rotate. The annular mounting plate 540 and the rough milling cutter plate 550 rotate synchronously, and the product is rough milled by the rough milling cutter plate 550. During rough milling, in order to avoid the finish milling cutter 460 affecting the rough milling process, the finish milling cutter 460 can be positioned inside the finish milling cutter 460, or the finish milling cutter 460 can be removed and then installed when finish milling is required.

[0027] When fine milling of the product is required, the first telescopic drive device 340 of the shift mechanism 300 drives the sliding sleeve 330 to disengage the first transmission gear 323 from the second transmission gear 331. The sliding sleeve 330 cannot drive the rotating sleeve 320 to rotate, that is, the shift mechanism 300 cannot drive the second rotating shaft 420 to rotate. Then, the second telescopic drive device 450 drives the first rotating shaft 310 to move forward, so that the machining surface of the tool mounted on the broach rod 430 is located in front of the rough milling cutter head 550, avoiding interference of the rough milling cutter head 550 during the machining process. Then, the drive mechanism 200 drives the first rotating shaft 310 of the shift mechanism 300 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 310 drives the second driven gear 411 to rotate through the second driving gear 312, thereby driving the bushing 410 to rotate. The second rotating shaft 420 and the drawbar 430 rotate synchronously with the bushing 410, thereby driving the precision milling cutter disc 460 mounted on the drawbar 430 to rotate, so that the product can be precision machined.

[0028] In this embodiment, the spindle box of the second spindle 500 adopts a sleeve-type structure, the annular mounting plate 540 is annular, and the roughing cutter disc 550 has a clearance hole in the middle. Thus, after the first spindle 400 and the inner mounting sleeve 510 are coaxially arranged, the end of the first spindle 400 can extend into the internal space of the inner mounting sleeve 510, the annular mounting plate 540, and the roughing cutter disc 550, and can install the finishing cutter disc 460. Ultimately, the first spindle 400 and the second spindle 500 are coaxially arranged within the housing 100. This design not only enables the spindle box to perform roughing and finishing milling functions, but also, compared to two independently arranged spindles, the coaxially arranged spindle box is smaller and more compact, improving its applicability. Furthermore, it avoids vibration caused by insufficient rigidity of the spindle far from the mounting surface of the housing 100 during machining, which could lead to reduced machining quality.

[0029] In this embodiment, the shifting mechanism 300 and the first spindle 400 are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction and close to the mounting surface of the base 100. The drive mechanism 200 is located on the horizontal outer side of the shifting mechanism 300, and the second telescopic drive device 450 is located on the horizontal outer side of the second rotating shaft 420. By positioning the shifting mechanism 300 and the first spindle 400 close to the mounting surface of the base 100, the base 100 has higher rigidity at this position, further improving the stability of the spindle during operation and enhancing machining quality.

[0030] Because frequent switching of machining modes is required, the transmission teeth on the rotating sleeve 320 and the sliding sleeve 330 are susceptible to impact wear, which affects machining stability, machining accuracy, and service life. Therefore, in this embodiment, the opposing end faces of the first transmission tooth 323 and the second transmission tooth 331 are both arc surfaces, with both sides of the arc surface receding inwards towards the other end of the corresponding transmission tooth. Through the arc surface and the rotatable nature of the rotating sleeve 320, the arc surface acts as a guide during the meshing process of the rotating sleeve 320 and the sliding sleeve 330, enabling the rotating sleeve 320 to adaptively rotate and automatically correct its position, ensuring smooth meshing with the sliding sleeve 330, reducing wear between the two teeth, and improving service life.

[0031] Furthermore, both ends of the bushing 410 are fixed to the base 100 via second bearings, allowing the bushing 410 to rotate only under drive. The second driven gear 411 is fixedly connected to the bushing 410 and always meshes with the second driving gear 312. With this design, the second rotating shaft 420 also rotates synchronously during rough milling. When finish milling is required, it is only necessary to move the sliding sleeve 330 away from the rotating sleeve 320. Since finish milling requires extremely high machining accuracy, if the existing gear-shifting approach is adopted—that is, moving the sliding sleeve 330 to switch back and forth between the sliding sleeve 330, the rotating sleeve 320, and the second driven gear 411 on the bushing 410—wear will easily occur after multiple switching operations, which will reduce the machining accuracy and quality of finish milling. In this application, the shifting mechanism 300 is only engaged with the second spindle 500, and the second driven gear 411 of the first spindle 400 is always engaged with the second driving gear 312. This achieves the shifting function and avoids wear between the second driven gear 411 and the gear it engages with due to back-and-forth shifting, which would affect the quality of precision milling.

[0032] In this embodiment, a third mounting cavity 324 is provided at the bottom of the connecting cavity 322. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 310 are respectively mounted in the third mounting cavity 324 and the seat 100 through the third bearing. The first rotating shaft 310 extends into the third mounting cavity 324, which improves the stability and rigidity of the end of the first rotating shaft 310 near the rotating sleeve 320, thereby improving the operational stability of the first rotating shaft 310.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first telescopic drive device 340 includes a telescopic cylinder 341, a first transmission component 342, and a first end cap 343. The telescopic cylinder 341 is provided with a telescopic rod 3411. The first transmission component 342 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 3411. The first transmission component 342 has a second mounting cavity extending through both ends. One end of the second mounting cavity is provided with an annular limiting block 3421. The first end cap 343 is installed at the other end of the second mounting cavity. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 330 is provided with a limiting shoulder 332 and a retaining groove 333. A retaining spring 334 is provided in the retaining groove 333. A first bearing 3423 (deep groove ball bearing) is provided between the sliding sleeve 330 and the second mounting cavity. The two ends of the inner ring of the first bearing 3423 are respectively limited and engaged with the limiting shoulder 332 and the retaining spring 334, and the two ends of the outer ring of the first bearing 3423 are respectively limited and engaged with the annular limiting block 3421 and the first end cap 343. The first telescopic drive device 340 not only enables the sliding sleeve 330 to move back and forth, but also secures the first bearing 3423 through the annular limiting block 3421 on the first transmission member 342, the first end cap 343, and the limiting shoulder 332 and retainer on the sliding sleeve 330, eliminating the need for a bearing seat and simplifying the structure. Furthermore, by utilizing the relatively fixed outer and inner rings of the first bearing 3423, once the bearing is fixed, the first transmission member 342 and the sliding sleeve 330 are relatively fixed, thus enabling the first transmission member 342 to drive the sliding sleeve 330 to move.

[0034] In this embodiment, the base 100 has an opening 110. The first telescopic drive device 340 is installed on the outer top wall of the base 100. The first transmission member 342 extends out of the base 100 through the opening 110, and both ends of the first transmission member 342 are limited and engaged with the inner sidewall of the opening 110. Placing the first telescopic drive device 340 outside the base 100 reduces the size of the base 100 and the volume of the spindle box, and facilitates maintenance of the telescopic device. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gear shifting operation only occurs between the rotating sleeve 320 and the sliding sleeve 330, a position that can be directly observed through the opening 110. The opening 110 also allows direct observation of the fit between the two parts and the wear of the transmission teeth, enabling quick troubleshooting and facilitating maintenance.

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer side wall of the first rotating shaft 310 is provided with a first keyway, and the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve 330 is provided with a second keyway. The first keyway and the second keyway are arranged opposite to each other, and a first locking block (specifically a key) is provided between them. The first locking block and the first keyway and the second keyway can limit the synchronous rotation of the first rotating shaft 310 and the sliding sleeve 330. In order to allow the sliding sleeve 330 to move along the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 310, the second keyway can pass through both ends of the sliding sleeve 330, or the length of the first locking block can be configured to be less than the length of the second keyway.

[0036] Keyways are also provided between the bushing 410 and the second rotating shaft 420, and between the second rotating shaft 420 and the broach rod 430, and synchronous rotation is achieved through keys. The second rotating shaft 420 needs to be able to move axially; in this embodiment, the length of the keyway on the second rotating shaft 420 is configured to be greater than the length of the corresponding key. The second rotating shaft 420 and the broach rod 430 rotate and move synchronously, and the dimensions of the keyways and components between them are adapted.

[0037] In this embodiment, the second telescopic drive device 450 includes a second motor 451, a lead screw 452, and a second transmission component 453. The second motor 451 is installed inside the base 100. One end of the lead screw 452 is connected to the second motor 451, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to one end of the second transmission component 453 for lead screw transmission. The other end of the second transmission component 453 is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 420, used to drive the second rotating shaft 420 to move back and forth. By driving the first rotating shaft 310 to move back and forth through the lead screw, not only can the telescopic accuracy be guaranteed, but also the self-locking characteristic of the lead screw 452 can be used to prevent the cutting reaction force from pushing back the second rotating shaft 420, thus ensuring the stability of deep hole machining.

[0038] The second transmission member 453 and the second rotating shaft 420 are provided with a structure such as a fixed bearing between the first transmission member 342 and the sliding sleeve 330, thereby realizing the fixation and relative rotation between the second transmission member 453 and the second rotating shaft 420.

[0039] This embodiment also uses the above-mentioned milling machine spindle box on a milling machine, see [link]. Figure 8 The milling machine includes a worktable 600, a saddle module, and a spindle box mounted on the saddle module. The spindle box is the milling machine spindle box described above.

[0040] In this embodiment, the seating assembly includes a base 710 and a column 720. The column is slidably connected to the base cavity, and the spindle box is slidably connected to the column.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating this utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A milling machine spindle box, characterized in that: Includes a base, a drive mechanism, a shifting mechanism, a first spindle, and a second spindle; The drive mechanism includes a first motor and an output shaft. The first motor is mounted in the base, and the output shaft is rotatably connected to the base and its end is connected to the first motor. A first drive gear is provided on the output shaft. The shifting mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve, a sliding sleeve, and a first telescopic drive device. The first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the seat body. A first driven gear and a second driving gear are provided on the first rotating shaft. The first driven gear meshes with the first driving gear. The rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the seat body. A third driving gear is provided at one end of the rotating sleeve. A connecting cavity is provided at the other end of the rotating sleeve. A first transmission tooth is provided on the inner sidewall of the connecting cavity. The sliding sleeve is sleeved on the first rotating shaft and can rotate synchronously with the first rotating shaft and can move axially along the first rotating shaft. A second transmission tooth is provided on the outer sidewall of the sleeve end. The telescopic drive device is used to drive the sliding sleeve to move so that the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth are engaged and disengaged. The first spindle includes a bushing, a second rotating shaft, a drawbar, a tool locker, and a second telescopic drive device installed in the housing. The bushing is rotatably connected to the housing and has a second driven gear meshing with the second driving gear. The second rotating shaft is located inside the bushing and can rotate synchronously with the bushing and move axially along the bushing. The second rotating shaft has a first mounting cavity extending through both ends. The drawbar is fixedly connected to the first mounting cavity. One end of the drawbar is used to mount a precision milling cutter, and the tool locker is connected to the other end of the drawbar. The second telescopic drive device is used to drive the second rotating shaft to move back and forth. The second spindle includes an inner mounting sleeve, an outer mounting sleeve, a third driven gear, an annular mounting disc, and a rough milling cutter disc. The inner mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to the base. The first spindle is coaxially arranged with the inner mounting sleeve, and its end extends at least into the inner mounting sleeve. The outer mounting sleeve is rotatably connected to the outside of the inner mounting sleeve. The third driven gear and the annular mounting disc are respectively fixedly connected to the inner end face and the outer end face of the outer mounting sleeve. The third driven gear meshes with the third driving gear. The rough milling cutter disc is mounted on the annular mounting disc. A clearance hole is provided in the middle of the rough milling cutter disc. The clearance hole, the inner cavity of the annular mounting disc, and the inner cavity of the inner mounting sleeve are opposite to the second rotating shaft.

2. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shifting mechanism and the first main shaft are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction and close to the mounting surface of the seat. The drive mechanism is located on the horizontal outer side of the shifting mechanism, and the second telescopic drive device is located on the horizontal outer side of the second rotating shaft.

3. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opposing end faces of the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth are both arc surfaces, and the arc surfaces are recessed inward along both sides of the circumferential direction toward the other end of the corresponding transmission tooth.

4. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first telescopic drive device includes a telescopic cylinder, a first transmission component, and a first end cap. The telescopic cylinder is provided with a telescopic rod. The first transmission component is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod. The first transmission component is provided with a second mounting cavity that extends through both ends of the first transmission component. One end of the second mounting cavity is provided with an annular limiting block. The first end cap is installed at the other end of the second mounting cavity. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a limiting shoulder and a retaining groove, and a retaining spring is provided in the retaining groove; A first bearing is provided between the sliding sleeve and the second mounting cavity. The two ends of the inner ring of the first bearing are respectively limited by the limiting shoulder and the snap ring, and the two ends of the outer ring of the first bearing are respectively limited by the annular limiting block and the first end cover.

5. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seat body has an opening, the first telescopic drive device is installed on the outer side wall of the seat body, the first transmission member extends out of the seat body through the opening, and the two ends of the first transmission member are limited and engaged with the inner side wall of the opening.

6. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the bushing are fixed to the base by the second bearing, so that the bushing can only be driven to rotate. The second driven gear is fixedly connected to the bushing and always meshes with the second driving gear.

7. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the first rotating shaft is provided with a first keyway, and the inner side wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with a second keyway. The first keyway and the second keyway are arranged opposite to each other and a first locking block is provided between them.

8. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second telescopic drive device includes a second motor, a lead screw, and a second transmission component. The second motor is installed in the base body. One end of the lead screw is connected to the second motor, and the other end of the lead screw is connected to one end of the second transmission component for lead screw transmission. The other end of the second transmission component is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft to drive the second rotating shaft to move back and forth.

9. The milling machine spindle box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting cavity is provided with a third mounting cavity, and both ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively mounted in the third mounting cavity and the seat body through a third bearing.

10. A milling machine, comprising a saddle module and a spindle box disposed on the saddle module, characterized in that: The spindle box is the milling machine spindle box as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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