Contrast test block for ultrasonic testing of large nuclear power penetration head

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of ultrasonic detection field, specifically for large nuclear power through piece head ultrasonic detection with contrast test block, the contrast test block includes test block body, the test block body is fan structure, its inner, outer arc curvature radius is identical with the curvature radius of the through piece head to be measured, at least three transverse holes in the direction from inner arc to outer arc, along radial distribution are opened in the one side of test block body fan surface, the inner, outer arc surface of the other side of test block body fan surface is respectively opened along the inner surface groove and outer surface groove of test block body thickness direction distribution. After the calibration using the above-mentioned contrast test block, the workpiece is carried out ultrasonic detection, with the advantages of simple operation, high detection efficiency, good sensitivity, especially suitable for large nuclear power through piece head ultrasonic detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ultrasonic testing technology, specifically a comparative test block for ultrasonic testing of the end cap of a large nuclear power plant penetration component. Background Technology

[0002] Ultrasonic testing is a standard nondestructive testing (NDT) method that effectively detects internal discontinuities in products. Large nuclear power plant penetration heads are crucial components connecting the nuclear island and conventional islands. Due to the harsh conditions they must withstand—high temperature and high pressure—their reliability must be guaranteed. Ultrasonic testing is commonly used to inspect their internal quality. Taking the P01 penetration as an example, with an outer diameter of φ1911mm and an inner diameter of φ963mm, its large thickness-to-diameter ratio makes full-volume scanning with conventional shear wave beams difficult, and the long sound path leads to significant sound energy attenuation and low detection sensitivity. Furthermore, to ensure effective coupling, the probe needs to be surface-ground, and the change in the probe's refraction angle after grinding also needs to be measured.

[0003] Based on the above issues, it was considered to use a small-angle longitudinal wave angle probe to scan along the outer circumference at a half-span distance. However, using a transverse wave angle probe to scan along the inner circumference at a half-span distance requires the use of reflectors representing internal and surface defects during calibration. But the current comparison test block cannot measure the refraction angle of the probe after grinding, nor can it meet the calibration requirements for the half-span sensitivity of the inner and outer surfaces.

[0004] Application No. 202510220983.8 discloses an ultrasonic testing block and method for the nozzle of a voltage regulator. The testing block includes a TCG curve reference block, which comprises a body, a first weld overlay layer, and a simulated groove; and an inner rounded corner simulation block, which comprises a tube body, a second weld overlay layer, and a crescent-shaped groove. This invention, by processing the first weld overlay layer and the simulated groove on the outer surface of the TCG curve reference block, can effectively simulate the morphology of the outer surface of the inner rounded corner area of ​​the nozzle on the voltage regulator, test the coupling state of the ultrasonic probe, and make the ultrasonic inspection results more reliable. By processing the second weld overlay layer on the inner surface of the inner rounded corner simulation block, it can effectively simulate the morphology of the inner surface of the inner rounded corner area of ​​the nozzle on the voltage regulator, test the sound beam coverage effect of the ultrasonic probe, and make the ultrasonic inspection results more reliable. By processing the crescent-shaped groove inside the inner rounded corner simulation block, it can effectively perform ultrasonic time gain correction TCG curve and scan sensitivity calibration. This method is only applicable to ultrasonic testing of the nozzles on the end caps of voltage regulators, and not to internal quality testing of the end caps of large nuclear power plant penetration components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a comparative test block for ultrasonic testing of large nuclear power plant penetration head, which is simple in structure, easy to operate, and simultaneously meets the requirements for measuring the refraction angle of the probe after grinding and calibrating the sensitivity of the half-span of the inner and outer surfaces.

[0006] The present invention relates to a comparative test block for ultrasonic testing, comprising a test block body, wherein the test block body has a fan-shaped structure, and the inner and outer arc curvature radii are consistent with the curvature radius of the end cap of the through-piece to be tested. One side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body has at least three transverse holes radially distributed from the inner arc to the outer arc. The inner and outer arc surfaces of the other side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body have inner surface grooves and outer surface grooves distributed along the thickness direction of the test block body, respectively.

[0007] The inner and outer surface grooves are rectangular or V-shaped grooves. Preferably, the depth of the inner and outer surface grooves is 1-5% of the radial thickness of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body.

[0008] The horizontal hole is a blind hole.

[0009] Of the at least three transverse holes distributed radially, the transverse holes closest to the outer and inner arcs are 8-12 mm from the edge, and the remaining transverse holes are distributed at equal intervals radially.

[0010] Beneficial effects: To address the issue of large nuclear power plant penetration heads having a large thickness-to-diameter ratio, making it difficult for conventional shear wave beams to perform full-volume scanning when using ultrasonic testing, a small-angle longitudinal wave angle probe is introduced for half-span scanning along the outer circumference. Simultaneously, to solve the calibration problem of using a shear wave angle probe for half-span scanning along the inner circumference, a comparative test block is specifically designed. The test block is designed as a fan-shaped structure with inner and outer arc curvature radii consistent with the curvature radius of the penetration head, simulating the local shape of the penetration head. Furthermore, one side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block has at least three transverse holes (representing reflectors of internal defects) radially distributed from the inner to the outer arc, simulating defects of different depths. On the other side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block, inner and outer surface grooves (representing reflectors of surface defects) are respectively distributed along the thickness direction of the test block, simulating defects on the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece. By arranging transverse holes and surface grooves on both sides of a test block body, the ultrasonic probe can scan the transverse holes and surface grooves on both sides in the middle section of the arc surface of the test block body, quickly completing the calibration process. This enables the measurement of the probe's refraction angle after grinding, as well as the calibration of the sensitivity of the half-span of the inner and outer surfaces. The transverse holes are preferably blind holes, and three or more can be arranged radially. The specific number can be reasonably designed according to the thickness of the workpiece, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the detection.

[0011] This invention provides a comparative test block with detection parameters that are matched to the workpiece height, enabling accurate calibration of the probe's refraction angle after grinding, thus improving the accuracy and precision of positioning and quantification. It is suitable for calibrating the detection system and plotting distance amplitude curves when performing half-span scanning from the outer and inner surfaces respectively. It also eliminates the influence of coupling loss differences caused by inconsistent curvature in other comparative test blocks. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the comparative test block of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a top view of the comparative test block of this utility model.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cap of the penetrating component to be tested.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the state of the ultrasonic test probe during testing on a comparison block.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a curve diagram showing the detection of transverse holes on the outer surface of an embodiment of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a curve diagram showing the detection of transverse holes on the inner surface of an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the detection curve of the outer surface groove in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the detection curve of the inner surface groove in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Among them, 1-test block body, 2-outer arc surface, 3-inner arc surface, 4-outer surface groove, 5-inner surface groove, 6-horizontal hole, 7-outer surface detection point, 8-outer surface detection point, 9-inner surface detection point, 10-inner surface detection point, 11-ultrasonic test probe, 12-outer marking point, 13-inner marking point, 14-through part end cap, 14.1-inner surface, 14.2-outer surface. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] This utility model's comparative test block includes a test block body 1, which has a fan-shaped structure. The radii of curvature of its inner and outer arcs are consistent with the radii of curvature of the end cap 14 of the through-piece to be tested. At least three transverse holes 6 (blind holes) are radially distributed from the inner arc to the outer arc on one side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body 1. Inner surface grooves 5 and outer surface grooves 4, distributed along the thickness direction of the test block body 1, are respectively formed on the inner and outer arc surfaces 3 and 4 of the other side of the fan-shaped surface. Preferably, the inner surface grooves 5 and outer surface grooves 4 are rectangular or V-shaped grooves, and their depths are 1-5% of the radial thickness of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body 1. Preferably, among the at least three radially distributed transverse holes 6, the distance N1 from the edge of the transverse holes 6 closest to the outer and inner arcs is 8-12 mm, and the remaining transverse holes are evenly distributed radially. The number of transverse holes 6 can be reasonably selected according to the radial thickness of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body 1 to ensure calibration accuracy. The transverse holes 6 and the inner and outer surface grooves 5 and 4 are respectively set on both sides of the test block body 1, so that the appropriate detection point of the ultrasonic detection probe 11 can be freely selected on the arc surface between the two, and multiple tests can be performed efficiently and quickly.

[0022] The specific parameters of the inner diameter, outer diameter, and central angle of the sector-shaped surface of the test block body 1 are not particularly limited, and can be reasonably designed according to the size of the end cap 14 of the penetrating part to be tested and the relevant parameters of the ultrasonic testing probe 11.

[0023] An ultrasonic testing method for the end caps of large nuclear power plant penetration components, using the comparative test block of this utility model, is carried out through the following steps: A: By detecting the highest echo from any transverse hole on the comparison block, the refraction angles of the ultrasonic test probe 11 after grinding are obtained when testing on the outer arc surface 2 and the inner arc surface 3 of the comparison block, respectively. Specifically: The leading edge of the ground ultrasonic test probe was measured on the comparison test block. L 0; Project the multiple transverse holes 6 on the comparison test block radially onto the outer arc surface 2 and the inner arc surface 3, respectively, and mark them as outer mark point 12 and inner mark point 13. Place the ultrasonic test probe 11 on the outer arc surface 2 and the inner arc surface 3 of the comparison test block (such as at the corresponding outer surface detection point and inner surface detection point). Move the ultrasonic test probe 11 back and forth circumferentially. When the highest echo of any transverse hole is measured, record the arc length from the position of the ultrasonic test probe 11 to the corresponding outer mark point 12 and inner mark point 13. and Then, substitute the values ​​into the following formulas to calculate the corresponding ultrasonic probe refraction angles for outer and inner circular arc surface testing, respectively. : = tan = = tan = In the above formula: and Arc length and The corresponding central angle; R is the radius of curvature of the outer arc; r is the radius of curvature of the inner arc; h is the radial distance of the measured transverse hole from the outer circular surface.

[0024] B: By measuring the wave height of each transverse hole, the detection curves of the transverse holes on the outer and inner surfaces of the test block using the ultrasonic test probe were obtained, specifically: Place the ultrasonic test probe 11 on the outer arc surface 2 and the inner arc surface 3 of the test block body 1 respectively. Move the ultrasonic test probe 11 back and forth along the circumference to find the highest wave amplitude of the transverse hole closest to the outer arc surface and the inner arc surface respectively. Adjust it to the reference wave height, and then find the wave height of other transverse holes in turn. Connect all the wave height points into a line and draw the transverse hole detection curve of the outer surface and the transverse hole detection curve of the inner surface respectively.

[0025] C: By measuring the highest amplitude of the reflections from the outer surface groove 4 and the inner surface groove 5 respectively, the detection curves of the outer surface groove and the inner surface groove of the ultrasonic test probe 11 during the detection of the inner and outer arc surfaces of the comparison test block are obtained, specifically: Place the ultrasonic test probe on the inner and outer arc surfaces of the comparison test block respectively, move the ultrasonic test probe 11 back and forth along the circumference, measure the highest wave amplitude reflected by the outer surface groove 4 and the inner surface groove 5 respectively, adjust to the reference wave height, draw a horizontal line, and record them as the outer surface groove detection curve and the inner surface groove detection curve respectively.

[0026] Step D: The ultrasonic test probe 11 is used to perform a half-span scan on the inner and outer surfaces of the end cap 14 to be tested. If a defect is found during the scan on the corresponding inner or outer surface, the corresponding curve is selected based on the location of the defect and the location of the ultrasonic test probe, and compared with the highest reflected wave of the defect. If the highest wave amplitude of the defect exceeds the corresponding curve, it is judged as unqualified; otherwise, it is judged as qualified. Specifically: If the defect found during scanning is located on the outer or inner surface of the end cap of the penetrating component to be tested, the corresponding outer surface groove detection curve or inner surface groove detection curve should be compared with the highest reflected wave of the defect. If the defect found during scanning is located inside the end cap of the penetrating component to be tested, the corresponding inner surface transverse hole detection curve or outer surface transverse hole detection curve should be used to compare with the highest reflected wave of the defect, depending on whether the ultrasonic test probe was scanning on the inner or outer surface when the defect was found. If the highest wave amplitude of the defect exceeds the corresponding curve, it is judged as unqualified; otherwise, it is judged as qualified.

[0027] The following example uses the through-hole component P01 to be tested, with an outer diameter of φ1911mm and an inner diameter of φ963mm, serving as the end cap 14 of the through-hole component to be tested. The test block body 1 of the comparison test block is fan-shaped, with an inner diameter of φ963mm, an outer diameter of φ1911mm, and a central angle of 85°. Five transverse holes 6 are distributed radially on one side. The distance N1 from the two transverse holes 6 closest to the outer arc and the inner arc to the nearest arc surface edge is 10mm. The other three transverse holes 6 are evenly distributed in the radial thickness. On the other side, the outer arc surface 2 and the inner arc surface 3 are respectively provided with outer surface grooves 4 and inner surface grooves 5, both of which are rectangular grooves with a groove depth of 6mm. In this embodiment, the outer arc surface 2 is provided with outer surface detection points 7 near the outer mark point 12 and outer surface detection points 8 near the outer surface groove 4, respectively. The inner arc surface 3 is provided with inner surface detection points 10 near the inner mark point 13 and inner surface detection points 9 near the inner surface groove 5, respectively.

[0028] Detection Example: A: The leading edge of the ultrasonic test probe 11 after grinding was measured on the test block body 1 using the edge method. L 0; Place the ultrasonic test probe 11 at the detection point 7 on the outer surface of the outer arc surface 2 of the comparison test block and move the ultrasonic test probe 11 back and forth along the circumference. When the highest echo of any transverse hole is measured, record the arc length from the position of the ultrasonic test probe 11 to the corresponding outer mark point 12. The refraction angle β1 of the ultrasonic test probe on the outer arc surface 2 can be calculated by the following formula; = tan = In the above formula: arc length The corresponding central angle; R is the radius of curvature of the outer arc; h is the radial distance between the measured transverse hole and the outer arc surface 2; β1 is the refraction angle of the measured probe.

[0029] In this embodiment, It is 53.6mm. With θ = 3.8°, R = 955.5 mm, and h = 120 mm, the refraction angle β1 of the probe is calculated to be 24°.

[0030] The same method was used to perform internal surface testing. The ultrasonic test probe 11 was placed at the internal surface testing point 10 of the inner arc surface 3 of the comparison test block and moved back and forth along the circumference. When the highest echo of any transverse hole was measured, the arc length from the position of the ultrasonic test probe 11 to the corresponding inner mark point 13 was recorded. The refraction angle β2 of the probe on the inner arc surface can be calculated by the following formula; = tan = In the above equation: arc length The corresponding central angle; R is the radius of curvature of the outer arc; r is the radius of curvature of the inner arc; h is the radial distance from the measured transverse hole to the outer circular surface; β2 is the refraction angle of the measured probe.

[0031] In this embodiment, It is 30mm. It is 14.5mm. Given a radius of 5.3°, radius R of 955.5 mm, radius r of 481.5 mm, and radius h of 360 mm, the refraction angle of the probe is calculated. It is 25.3°.

[0032] B: Place the ultrasonic test probe 11 at the detection point 7 on the outer surface of the outer arc surface 2 of the comparison test block. Move the ultrasonic test probe 11 back and forth along the circumference. When the highest amplitude of the transverse hole 6 closest to the outer arc surface 2 is measured, adjust it to the reference wave height. Then find the wave heights of the other transverse holes in sequence, connect all the wave height points with a line, and draw the transverse hole detection curve on the outer surface (see...). Figure 5 ); Simultaneously, the ultrasonic test probe 11 is placed at the detection point 10 on the inner surface of the inner arc surface 3 of the comparison test block 1. The ultrasonic test probe 11 is moved back and forth along the circumference. When the highest wave amplitude of the transverse hole 6 closest to the inner arc surface 3 is measured, it is adjusted to the reference wave height. Then, the wave heights of the other transverse holes 6 are found in sequence, and all wave height points are connected into a line to draw the inner surface transverse hole detection curve (see...). Figure 6 ); C: Place the ultrasonic test probe 11 at the detection point 8 on the outer surface of the outer arc surface 2 of the comparison test block, and move the ultrasonic test probe 11 back and forth along the circumference to find the highest wave amplitude reflected by the inner surface groove 5. Adjust it to the reference wave height, draw a horizontal line, and record it as the inner surface groove detection curve (see...). Figure 7Simultaneously, the ultrasonic test probe 11 is placed at the detection point 9 on the inner surface of the inner arc surface 3 of the comparison test block. The ultrasonic test probe 11 is moved back and forth along the circumference to find the highest amplitude of the wave reflected by the outer surface groove 4. It is adjusted to the reference wave height, and a horizontal line is drawn, which is recorded as the outer surface groove detection curve (see...). Figure 8 ).

[0033] D: The ultrasonic test probe 11 is first scanned half-span on the outer surface of the end cap 14 to be tested. If a defect is found and the defect is located on the inner surface, the highest reflected wave of the defect is found and compared with the inner surface groove detection curve. If the highest wave amplitude exceeds the curve, it is unqualified; otherwise, it is qualified. If the defect is located inside, the highest reflected wave of the defect is found and compared with the outer surface transverse hole detection curve. If the highest wave amplitude exceeds the curve, it is unqualified; otherwise, it is qualified. Similarly, the ultrasonic test probe 11 is used to perform a half-span scan on the inner surface of the through-hole end cap 14 to be tested. If a defect is found and the defect is located on the outer surface, the highest reflected wave of the defect is found and compared with the outer surface groove detection curve. If the highest wave amplitude exceeds the curve, it is unqualified; otherwise, it is qualified. If the defect is located inside, the highest reflected wave of the defect is found and compared with the inner surface transverse hole detection curve. If the highest wave amplitude exceeds the curve, it is unqualified; otherwise, it is qualified.

[0034] In this embodiment, the through-hole end cap 14 passed the inspection.

[0035] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A comparative test block for ultrasonic testing of the end cap of a large nuclear power plant penetration component, comprising a test block body, characterized in that, The test block body has a fan-shaped structure, and the inner and outer arc curvature radii are consistent with the curvature radius of the end cap of the through part to be tested. At least three transverse holes are radially distributed from the inner arc to the outer arc on one side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body. The inner and outer arc surfaces on the other side of the fan-shaped surface of the test block body are respectively provided with inner surface grooves and outer surface grooves distributed along the thickness direction of the test block body.

2. The comparative test block for ultrasonic testing of the end cap of a large nuclear power plant penetration component as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface groove and the outer surface groove are rectangular grooves or V-shaped grooves.

3. The comparative test block for ultrasonic testing of the end cap of a large nuclear power plant penetration component as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The horizontal hole is a blind hole.

4. The comparative test block for ultrasonic testing of the end cap of a large nuclear power plant penetration component as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Of the at least three transverse holes distributed radially, the transverse holes closest to the outer and inner arcs are 8-12 mm from the edge, and the remaining transverse holes are distributed at equal intervals radially.

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