Balancing device for preventing electrode derailment of an electric smelting magnesium furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to electric smelting magnesium smelting equipment and automatic regulation control technical field, especially a balance of preventing electrode derailment of electric smelting magnesium furnace. The clamping wheel of the device is hinged in the clamping wheel controller through the swing type pivot support, and the spring card provides elastic tension and stroke limit for the clamping wheel, the fixed pulley is fixedly installed through the fixed pulley seat, the movable pulley is hung below the fixed pulley through the movable pulley seat, and the counterweight is hung at the bottom of the movable pulley seat, the lower end of the steel wire rope hangs the electrode, is turned after the electrode guide wheel steering and is wound on the steel wire rope reel, and then is guided through the clamping wheel and is wound into the pulley group formed by the fixed pulley and movable pulley downwards. The utility model solves the problem that the electrode steel wire rope of electric smelting magnesium furnace electrode often appears excessive displacement due to friction and running deviation of the steel wire rope winding and unwinding device or electrode movement causes electrode steel wire rope derailment, causes the economic problem of production interruption and equipment damage, realizes the accurate positioning of electrode operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric fused magnesium smelting equipment and automatic adjustment and control technology, and in particular to a balancing device for preventing electrodes from derailing in an electric fused magnesium furnace. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of fused magnesium, the magnitude of the system input current is mainly controlled by continuously adjusting the raising and lowering of the electrodes, converting electrical energy into the arc heat required for smelting. Therefore, the stable operation of the electrode raising and lowering system is the core key to the production process. Currently, fused magnesium furnaces generally use a motor-driven drum to raise and lower the wire rope. In actual operation, the wire rope raising and lowering device is prone to excessive axial displacement due to friction and installation / operational deviations. The electrodes are also prone to longitudinal movement due to their own weight and start-stop inertia, which leads to uneven wire rope raising and lowering, disordered arrangement, entanglement, slackness, or even derailment, causing production interruptions and equipment damage, resulting in direct economic losses.

[0003] The patent with publication number CN211813160U proposes an automatic controller for preventing electrode wire rope slack in an electric fused magnesium furnace. It collects the running data of the wire rope drum and the vertical section of the wire rope through a digital encoder, and relies on the controller to determine whether the wire rope is slack and make electrical adjustments. However, it cannot buffer the longitudinal movement of the electrode and can only intervene after the wire rope becomes slack and out of sync. It cannot prevent derailment caused by offset or movement from the root cause.

[0004] The patent with publication number CN210689234U proposes an electrode lifting protection device for an electric fused magnesia furnace. By setting limit switches and power failure alarm devices at the upper and lower limit positions of the wire rope, it can achieve limit position protection for electrode overshooting and falling. When the electrode reaches the upper or lower limit position, the power failure protection is triggered. However, it cannot suppress the axial displacement of the wire rope drum and electrode movement in real time during normal operation. The risk of wire rope derailment continues to exist during the conventional lifting process.

[0005] The patent with publication number CN2867239Y proposes an electric molten magnesium furnace with an adjustable electrode spacing guide column. By using a double-layer guide wheel structure of the shifting guide frame, the horizontal displacement of the movable guide column is restricted, thus solving the problem of horizontal swaying of the electrodes and spacing adjustment. However, the rigid guide wheel is used for limiting the position, which cannot absorb the inertial impact of electrode start-up and shutdown. The rigid constraint may actually aggravate the uneven stress on the wire rope and increase the risk of derailment.

[0006] The patent with publication number CN202126187U proposes an automatic adjustment device for non-metallic smelting electrodes. The solution is equipped with a counterweight mechanism consisting of pulleys, wire ropes, and counterweight blocks to reduce the lifting drive load. At the same time, a gear and rack structure is used to realize electrode lifting. The lifting control system and the counterweight system are independent of each other. The counterweight mechanism is only used to offset part of the electrode weight and reduce the drive load.

[0007] Existing protection solutions for electrode wire ropes are mostly wire rope slack state detection alarms or electrode limit position power-off protection. These can only trigger alarms or stop the machine after a fault occurs, and cannot limit the axial displacement of the take-up and release device or buffer the longitudinal movement of the electrode from the mechanical structure, thus failing to prevent derailment accidents at the root. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a balancing device for preventing electrode derailment in an electric fused magnesium furnace. This device aims to solve the economic problems caused by excessive displacement of the wire rope winding and unwinding device due to friction and operational deviations, or electrode movement, which frequently leads to derailment of the electrode wire rope during operation, resulting in production interruptions and equipment damage. The device achieves accurate electrode positioning and improves the stability and safety of the electrode system.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A balancing device for preventing electrodes from derailing in an electric fused magnesium furnace. The device includes electrodes, wire ropes, electrode guide wheels, wire rope winding and unwinding devices, a geared motor, a chuck, a chuck controller, a shaft support, spring clips, fixed pulleys, movable pulleys, and a counterweight. The specific structure is as follows:

[0011] The wire rope winding and unwinding device and the geared motor include a base, a geared motor, and a wire rope drum. The output shaft of the geared motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the wire rope drum, and both are mounted on the base. One end of the rotating shaft bracket is fitted with a chuck through a bearing, and the other end of the rotating shaft bracket is hinged to the upper part of one side of the chuck controller housing. The rotating shaft bracket reciprocates around the hinge point. The spring clip includes a helical spring and a guide clip. The guide clip is horizontally set, with one end installed on the lower part of one side of the chuck controller housing. The helical spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide clip, with one end abutting against the chuck controller housing and the other end abutting against the lower part of the rotating shaft bracket. The fixed pulley is fixedly installed through a fixed pulley seat, and the movable pulley is suspended below the fixed pulley through the movable pulley seat. The counterweight is suspended at the bottom of the movable pulley seat. The lower end of the wire rope is suspended from an electrode, and after being turned upward by the electrode guide wheel, it winds around the wire rope drum. Then, guided by the chuck, it winds downward into the pulley group composed of the fixed pulley and the movable pulley.

[0012] The aforementioned balancing device for preventing electrode derailment in an electric fused magnesium furnace includes a guide card that corresponds to the lower swing path of the rotating shaft support, used to limit the maximum swing stroke of the rotating shaft support; the helical spring is in a pre-compressed state, continuously applying elastic thrust to the rotating shaft support, which drives the chuck wheel to tension the wire rope through the rotating shaft support.

[0013] The aforementioned balancing device for preventing electrode derailment in an electric fused magnesium furnace comprises a wire rope that winds around a wire rope drum once and extends downwards after being drawn out from a chuck, passing sequentially around a movable pulley and a fixed pulley. The end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to an upper hook at the top of the movable pulley seat, and a counterweight is suspended at a lower hook at the bottom of the movable pulley seat.

[0014] The design concept of this utility model is:

[0015] In existing electrode lifting systems for fused magnesia furnaces, the wire rope winding and unwinding device is prone to excessive axial displacement due to friction and operational deviations during electrode operation. The electrodes are also susceptible to longitudinal movement due to gravity and start-stop inertia, leading to uneven wire rope winding and unwinding, disordered alignment, and derailment, causing production interruptions and equipment damage. This invention adds a limiting and buffering mechanism composed of a chuck and a spring clip to limit excessive axial displacement of the wire rope drum, keeping it floating within a preset range. Simultaneously, the elasticity of the spring clip buffers longitudinal electrode movement, providing torsional balance space for the wire rope and preventing disordered alignment and derailment. The chuck controller is interconnected with the automatic electrode lifting and controlling system, synchronously adjusting the chuck's operating speed according to the electrode lifting conditions and frequency, forming a multi-level coordinated control. Speed ​​matching suppresses displacement deviation and impact from axial movement. A balanced counterweight structure combining fixed and movable pulleys is adopted. The effort-saving characteristics of the movable pulley reduce the total weight of the counterweight, decreasing counterweight material consumption and drive energy consumption, while also reducing the impact of counterweight inertia on wire rope operation.

[0016] The advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This utility model solves the problem of derailment of the electrode wire rope caused by excessive displacement due to friction and running deviation in the wire rope winding and unwinding device during the operation of the fused magnesium electrode, which leads to production interruption and economic losses caused by equipment damage. It improves the stability and safety of the system and greatly reduces maintenance costs.

[0018] 2. This utility model uses a chuck to axially limit the wire rope winding and unwinding device, constraining the offset within a preset range, effectively avoiding excessive displacement caused by friction and running deviation, and reducing the risk of wire rope derailment from a structural perspective.

[0019] 3. This utility model uses the elastic buffering effect of the spring card to absorb the longitudinal lateral movement impact caused by the weight of the electrode and the running inertia, thus preventing the wire rope from twisting due to uneven winding and unwinding or disordered arrangement.

[0020] 4. The caliper controller and electrode lifting control system of this utility model are interconnected and work together to match the limit buffer force according to the lifting conditions, and ensure the stability of electrode operation in multiple levels.

[0021] 5. This utility model adopts a counterweight structure combining fixed pulleys and movable pulleys, which can reduce the total weight of the counterweight block under the same counterweight effect, save counterweight materials, and reduce the driving energy consumption of electrode lifting. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a balancing device for preventing electrode derailment in an electric fused magnesium furnace according to the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram, 1-electrode, 2-wire rope, 3-electrode guide wheel, 4-wire rope winding and unwinding device and geared motor (41 base, 42 geared motor, 43 wire rope drum), 5-jacket, 6-jacket controller, 7-spring clip (71 helical spring, 72 guide clip), 8-fixed pulley, 9-moving pulley, 10-counterweight, 11-fixed pulley seat, 12-moving pulley seat, 13-upper hook, 14-lower hook, 15-rotating shaft support. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model proposes a balancing device to prevent electrodes from derailing in an electric fused magnesium furnace. It mainly includes an electrode 1, a wire rope 2, an electrode guide wheel 3, a wire rope winding and unwinding device, a reduction motor 4, a chuck wheel 5, a chuck wheel controller 6, a spring clip 7, a fixed pulley 8, a movable pulley 9, and a counterweight 10. The device is connected to an automatic electrode lifting control system. The specific connection relationships of each component are as follows:

[0026] Electrode 1 is vertically suspended from the lower end of wire rope 2, which extends vertically upwards and winds around to electrode guide wheel 3 fixedly installed at the bottom of the upper platform. After being turned and led out by electrode guide wheel 3, wire rope 2 is wound and connected to wire rope winding and unwinding device and geared motor 4 fixed to the ground platform. Wire rope winding and unwinding device and geared motor 4 are equipped with geared motor 42 and wire rope drum 43. The output shaft of geared motor 42 is coaxially and fixedly connected to wire rope drum 43, and both are installed on base 41 of the ground platform. Geared motor 42 drives wire rope drum 43 to rotate in both directions, thereby driving electrode 1 to complete the vertical lifting and lowering action by winding and unwinding wire rope 2.

[0027] The chuck 5 is correspondingly located on the right side of the wire rope drum 43. One end of the rotating shaft bracket 15 is fitted with the chuck 5 via a bearing, and the other end of the rotating shaft bracket 15 is hinged to the upper part of one side of the housing of the chuck controller 6. The rotating shaft bracket 15 can swing clockwise / counterclockwise around the right hinge point, causing the chuck 5 to move closer to or away from the wire rope drum 43, thereby adjusting the tension of the wire rope 2. The spring clip 7 is equipped with a helical spring 71 and a guide clip 72. One end of the horizontally positioned guide clip 72 is installed on the lower part of one side of the housing of the chuck controller 6, and the other end of the guide clip 72 corresponds to the downward swing direction of the rotating shaft bracket 15. The helical spring 71 is sleeved on the guide clip 72, with one end of the helical spring 71 abutting against the lower part of one side of the housing of the chuck controller 6, and the other end of the helical spring 71 extending to the outside of the guide clip 72 and abutting against the lower part of the rotating shaft bracket 15. Thus, the guide card 72 limits the rotation of the shaft support 15 and the chuck 5 on it, and the helical spring 71 buffers the rotation of the shaft support 15 and the chuck 5 on it. The chuck controller 6 does not directly control the circumferential rotation of the chuck 5; the chuck 5 is a follower wheel that rotates synchronously with the winding and unwinding of the wire rope 2. The chuck controller 6 indirectly regulates the operating state of the wire rope 2 by controlling the swing position and tension force of the chuck 5.

[0028] The fixed pulley 8 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the ground platform via the fixed pulley seat 11. The movable pulley 9 is suspended directly below the fixed pulley 8 via the wire rope 2. The movable pulley 9 is mounted on the movable pulley seat 12 via bearings. The top of the movable pulley seat 12 is equipped with an upper hook 13, and the bottom of the movable pulley seat 12 is equipped with a lower hook 14. The wire rope 2 is wound around the wire rope drum 43 once and extended downwards after being led out from the chuck 5, passing successively around the movable pulley 9 and the fixed pulley 8. After being led out from the fixed pulley 8, the wire rope 2 is connected to the upper hook 13 of the movable pulley seat 12. The counterweight 10 is suspended from the lower hook 14 of the movable pulley seat 12. The counterweight function is achieved by the force-saving pulley group composed of the fixed pulley 8 and the movable pulley 9.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0030] During the normal smelting process of fused magnesium, the automatic electrode lifting control system sends control commands to the wire rope winding and unwinding device and the geared motor 4 based on the working parameters such as the furnace current and the height of the molten pool. The geared motor 42 drives the wire rope drum 43 to rotate forward or backward, winding and unwinding the wire rope 2. After the wire rope 2 is turned by the electrode guide wheel 3, it drives the electrode 1 to rise or fall in the vertical direction, thereby adjusting the depth of the electrode inserted into the molten pool and maintaining stable smelting power.

[0031] During the electrode lifting and lowering process, the chuck 5 swings within a certain angle under the combined action of the chuck controller 6 and the spring clip 7. The helical spring 71 continuously applies elastic thrust to the chuck 5 through the rotating shaft bracket 15, keeping the wire rope 2 in a stable tension state and forming a limiting constraint on the axial displacement of the wire rope drum 43. This limits the axial offset of the wire rope drum 43 within a preset range, preventing excessive axial movement of the drum due to friction or installation / operational deviations, and preventing misalignment, derailment, or stripping of the wire rope on the wire rope drum 43. When the electrode 1 experiences longitudinal movement due to its own weight and start / stop inertia, the wire rope 2 experiences instantaneous tension fluctuations, causing the chuck 5 and rotating shaft bracket 15 to swing slightly. The helical spring 71 synchronously undergoes elastic deformation to absorb impact energy and buffer tension fluctuations, preventing the wire rope from derailing or twisting due to instantaneous slack. The guide clip 72 limits the maximum swing amplitude of the rotating shaft bracket 15, preventing significant slack and deviation of the wire rope, thus forming a mechanical limit protection under overload conditions.

[0032] The counterweight 10, through a pulley system consisting of a fixed pulley 8 and a movable pulley 9, offsets part of the self-weight of the electrode 1 and the transmission structure, reducing the drive load of the geared motor 42. Utilizing the labor-saving characteristics of the movable pulley, this structure can reduce the total weight of the counterweight while achieving the same counterweight effect, saving on counterweight material usage and reducing the drive energy consumption for electrode lifting.

[0033] The implementation results show that this invention achieves bidirectional control and feedback for the stable and balanced operation of the electrode wire rope and prevention of deviation. While ensuring the automatic adjustment of the electrode lifting system according to working conditions, it suppresses excessive displacement of the wire rope winding and unwinding device caused by friction and operational deviations, preventing axial movement caused by a single rotating electrode and even derailment of the electrode wire rope. The stability of the electrode lifting system is ensured by adjusting the winding and unwinding speed and rhythm of the electrode. The automatic electrode control adjusts the direction of the variable speed reducer based on the current magnitude, and the chuck controller coordinates and synchronously controls the running direction, adjusting the spring clips to adjust the direction and rotation angle of the chuck, while also controlling the winding and unwinding speed of the electrode. The spring clips between the chuck and the chuck controller control the rhythmic operation of the chuck, providing a torsional balance for the wire rope operation, further controlling the excessive axial offset of the wire rope drum, and keeping it axially floating within a preset range. This design effectively prevents excessive displacement due to gravity, friction, or operational deviations, thus avoiding derailment accidents. It also prevents longitudinal movement caused by factors such as electrode gravity and operational inertia, which could lead to uneven wire rope winding and deviate from its orderly arrangement, causing wire rope twisting. The entire system incorporates a counterweight function and employs a combination of fixed and moving pulleys to reduce the weight of the counterweight, saving materials and energy.

Claims

1. A balance device for preventing the derailment of an electrode in an electrically fused magnesium furnace, characterized by The device includes electrodes, wire ropes, electrode guide wheels, wire rope winding and unwinding devices, a geared motor, chucks, chuck controllers, a rotating shaft support, spring clips, fixed pulleys, movable pulleys, and a counterweight. The specific structure is as follows: The wire rope winding and unwinding device and the geared motor include a base, a geared motor, and a wire rope drum. The output shaft of the geared motor is coaxially and fixedly connected to the wire rope drum, and both are mounted on the base. One end of the rotating shaft bracket is fitted with a chuck through a bearing, and the other end of the rotating shaft bracket is hinged to the upper part of one side of the chuck controller housing. The rotating shaft bracket reciprocates around the hinge point. The spring clip includes a helical spring and a guide clip. The guide clip is horizontally set, with one end installed on the lower part of one side of the chuck controller housing. The helical spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide clip, with one end abutting against the chuck controller housing and the other end abutting against the lower part of the rotating shaft bracket. The fixed pulley is fixedly installed through a fixed pulley seat, and the movable pulley is suspended below the fixed pulley through the movable pulley seat. The counterweight is suspended at the bottom of the movable pulley seat. The lower end of the wire rope is suspended from an electrode, and after being turned upward by the electrode guide wheel, it winds around the wire rope drum. Then, guided by the chuck, it winds downward into the pulley group composed of the fixed pulley and the movable pulley.

2. The balance device for preventing the electrode from derailing of an electric magnesium furnace according to claim 1, wherein The guide card corresponds to the lower swing path of the rotating shaft bracket and is used to limit the maximum swing stroke of the rotating shaft bracket; the helical spring is in a pre-compressed state and continuously applies elastic thrust to the rotating shaft bracket, which drives the chuck to tension the wire rope through the rotating shaft bracket.

3. The balance device for preventing the electrode from derailing of an electric magnesium furnace according to claim 1, wherein The wire rope is wound around the wire rope drum once and extended downwards after being led out from the chuck, passing through the movable pulley and the fixed pulley in sequence. The end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the upper hook at the top of the movable pulley seat, and the counterweight is suspended at the lower hook at the bottom of the movable pulley seat.

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