Device for monitoring the shape of a tunnel cross-section

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of tunnel monitoring technology, and in particular to a monitoring device and equipment for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel. The monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel includes a joint gauge, a laser rangefinder, an angle sensor, and two sets of connecting units. The fixed end and movable end of the joint gauge are each connected to the inner wall of the tunnel via a set of connecting units, and the axis of the joint gauge is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. The laser rangefinder and the angle sensor are both mounted on the fixed end of the joint gauge. The laser rangefinder is used to monitor the radial distance between the joint gauge and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the angle sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle of the joint gauge relative to a horizontal reference plane. This achieves automated continuous monitoring of the tunnel cross-section, improves measurement efficiency, and avoids measurement errors introduced by manual on-site operation and adjustment, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel monitoring technology, and in particular to a monitoring device and equipment for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnels are buried in the ground, and under the action of ground pressure, the tunnel cross-section will deform. When the deformation is too large and intrudes into the clearance gauge, it will affect the normal passage of vehicles inside. Therefore, tunnel cross-section deformation is one of the important indicators reflecting the structural safety status.

[0003] For monitoring tunnel cross-sectional deformation, a monitoring device has been proposed that allows the laser detector to easily adapt to various tunnel environments by adjusting its height. However, this method requires manual height adjustment by on-site personnel, which can introduce measurement errors due to operator intervention, leading to significant inaccuracies in practical applications.

[0004] Therefore, current monitoring devices for tunnel cross-section shape are inconvenient to use and require manual intervention, which can easily introduce measurement errors. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a monitoring device and equipment for the cross-sectional shape of tunnels, which solves the technical problems of low measurement efficiency and inaccurate measurement data of highway tunnel cross-sectional shape in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel, comprising:

[0008] Seam gauge, laser rangefinder, angle sensor, and two sets of connection units:

[0009] The fixed end and the movable end of the joint measuring instrument are respectively connected to the inner wall of the tunnel through a set of the connecting units, and the axial direction of the joint measuring instrument is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel.

[0010] Both the laser rangefinder and the angle sensor are mounted on the fixed end of the joint gauge. The laser rangefinder is used to monitor the radial distance between the joint gauge and the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0011] The angle sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle of the gap gauge relative to the horizontal reference plane.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting unit has a Z-shaped structure; the top end of the connecting unit is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the bottom end of the connecting unit is connected to the joint gauge.

[0013] Optionally, the connecting unit includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part; a first end of the first connecting part is detachably connected to one end of the joint gauge, a second end of the first connecting part is hinged to the first end of the second connecting part, and a second end of the second connecting part is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0014] Optionally, the fixed end and the movable end of the gap meter are each provided with a locking pin; the fixed end and the movable end of the gap meter are respectively detachably connected to the first connecting part of the connecting unit through the locking pin.

[0015] Optionally, the second connecting part of the connecting unit is detachably connected to the inner wall of the tunnel by bolts.

[0016] Optionally, the monitoring device for tunnel cross-section shape further includes a mounting base; the mounting base is sleeved on the fixed end of the joint gauge, and the laser rangefinder and the angle sensor are respectively connected to the top end and the bottom end of the mounting base.

[0017] Optionally, the monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel is characterized by further comprising a communication unit; the communication unit is communicatively connected to the joint gauge, the laser rangefinder and the angle sensor respectively.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel, comprising: a plurality of monitoring devices as described in any one of the first aspects; the plurality of monitoring devices being disposed on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] This invention provides a monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel, including a joint gauge, a laser rangefinder, an angle sensor, and two sets of connecting units. The fixed end and movable end of the joint gauge are each connected to the inner wall of the tunnel via a set of connecting units, and the axis of the joint gauge is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. The laser rangefinder and the angle sensor are both mounted on the fixed end of the joint gauge. The laser rangefinder monitors the radial distance between the joint gauge and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the angle sensor monitors the tilt angle of the joint gauge relative to a horizontal reference plane. By directly measuring the chord length change between two points on the inner wall of the tunnel using the joint gauge, the laser rangefinder measuring the radial distance, and the angle sensor measuring the angular change, automated and continuous monitoring of the tunnel cross-section is achieved. This improves measurement efficiency while avoiding measurement errors introduced by manual on-site operation and adjustment, significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the data. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device for tunnel cross-section shape provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device for tunnel cross-section shape provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second connecting part;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the joint gauge structure;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The front view;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring equipment.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0028] 1: Monitoring device; 11: Crack gauge; 12: Laser rangefinder; 13: Angle sensor; 14: Connecting unit; 141: First connecting part; 142: Second connecting part; 15: Locking pin; 16: Mounting base; 17: Communication unit. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] To address the technical problems of low efficiency and inaccurate measurement data in the existing technology for measuring the cross-sectional shape of highway tunnels, this utility model proposes a monitoring device and equipment for the cross-sectional shape of tunnels.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel. The monitoring device includes a joint gauge 11, a laser rangefinder 12, an angle sensor 13, and two connecting units 14. The fixed end and movable end of the joint gauge 11 are connected to the inner wall of the tunnel via a set of connecting units 14, and the axis of the joint gauge 11 is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel. The laser rangefinder 12 and the angle sensor 13 are both mounted on the fixed end of the joint gauge 11. The laser rangefinder 12 is used to monitor the radial distance between the joint gauge 11 and the inner wall of the tunnel, and the angle sensor 13 is used to monitor the tilt angle of the joint gauge 11 relative to a horizontal reference plane.

[0033] A monitoring device for the tunnel cross-sectional shape can be fixed to the tunnel wall via a connecting unit 14 to monitor the deformation of the monitoring section to which each monitoring device belongs. Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the axial direction of the joint gauge 11 is parallel to the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, and it can measure the chord length of the monitored section. The joint gauge 11 includes a fixed end and a movable end, which can move relative to the fixed end. The fixed end and the movable end of the joint gauge 11 are respectively fixed to two points on the inner wall of the tunnel. When the tunnel cross-section deforms, the distance between the two points will change, that is, the chord length will change. This change is directly reflected as the axial expansion and contraction displacement of the joint gauge 11, which is monitored by the joint gauge 11 in real time. The laser rangefinder 12 and the angle sensor 13 are both set on the fixed end of the joint gauge 11. The laser rangefinder 12 faces the tunnel wall and emits a laser and measures the distance from the laser emission point to the tunnel wall. It can be understood that when the tunnel deforms, the distance from the laser emission point to the tunnel wall will also change, which is reflected as the radial distance measured by the laser rangefinder 12, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the tunnel wall deformation. Furthermore, the radial distance between the joint gauge 11 and the tunnel wall can be calculated based on the distance from the laser emission point to the tunnel wall and the dimensional parameters set between the laser rangefinder 12 and the joint gauge 11. Specifically, the parameters can be determined according to the specific dimensions of each sensor in the monitoring device. Similarly, when the tunnel deforms, the angle sensor 13 can monitor the tilt angle of the joint gauge 11 relative to the horizontal reference plane using methods such as gravity sensing.

[0034] In this embodiment, the related technology monitors tunnel deformation by adjusting the height of the laser detector, which requires manual adjustment on-site by staff, making it inconvenient and prone to measurement errors. This embodiment directly measures the chord length change between two points on the tunnel inner wall using a joint gauge 11, measures the radial distance using a laser rangefinder 12, and measures the angle change using an angle sensor 13. This achieves automated, high-frequency continuous monitoring of the tunnel cross-section, improving measurement efficiency while avoiding measurement errors introduced by manual on-site operation and adjustment, significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the connecting unit 14 has a Z-shaped structure. The top end of the connecting unit 14 is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the bottom end of the connecting unit 14 is connected to the joint gauge 11. The Z-shaped structure can stably support the joint gauge 11 in a position away from the inner wall of the tunnel, effectively avoiding local unevenness of the inner wall of the tunnel, ensuring the stability and reliability of the measurement reference, and reducing measurement errors caused by improper installation.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the connecting unit 14 includes a first connecting part 141 and a second connecting part 142. The first end of the first connecting part 141 is detachably connected to one end of the joint gauge 11. The second end of the first connecting part 141 is hinged to the first end of the second connecting part 142, and the second end of the second connecting part 142 is connected to the tunnel wall. The hinge between the first connecting part 141 and the second connecting part 142 gives the connecting unit 14 a certain degree of angle adaptive adjustment capability, allowing the monitoring device to be fine-tuned during installation to adapt to tunnel cross-sections with different curvatures, thus improving the device's versatility and ease of installation. Simultaneously, since the tunnel will deform, the hinged connection between the first connecting part 141 and the second connecting part 142 can be appropriately bent to avoid damage.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, both the fixed and movable ends of the joint gauge 11 are equipped with locking pins 15. The fixed and movable ends of the joint gauge 11 are detachably connected to the pin holes on the first connecting part 141 of the connecting unit 14 via the locking pins 15. During installation, inserting the locking pin 15 into the pin hole and tightening the nut enables quick connection and locking between the joint gauge 11 and the connecting unit 14, facilitating rapid on-site installation and replacement of the joint gauge 11. In practical applications, the second connecting part 142 of the connecting unit 14 is detachably connected to the tunnel wall via bolts, allowing for easy disassembly when position adjustment or maintenance is required, and also facilitating reuse in different sections of the tunnel.

[0038] It should be noted that, in addition to being able to connect to the tunnel wall, the second connecting part 142 of the connecting unit 14 can also be used to fix to the second connecting part 142 of another connecting unit 14 in scenarios where multiple monitoring devices are connected end to end.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the monitoring device for tunnel cross-section shape also includes a mounting base 16, which is sleeved on the fixed end of the joint gauge 11. A laser rangefinder 12 and an angle sensor 13 are respectively connected to the top and bottom ends of the mounting base 16. The mounting base 16 can be a split-type clamp structure sleeved on the fixed end of the joint gauge 11 and secured with a set screw. Figure 5As shown, the monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape also includes a communication unit 17, which is communicatively connected to the joint gauge 11, the laser rangefinder 12, and the angle sensor 13. Specifically, the communication unit 17 is connected to the data output interfaces of the joint gauge 11, the laser rangefinder 12, and the angle sensor 13 via cables or connectors. It can collect the sensor measurement data in real time or at preset intervals and transmit the data via a wireless network. This allows staff to obtain monitoring data without being physically present on-site, realizing remote and automated monitoring of tunnel cross-sectional deformation, greatly improving monitoring efficiency and data timeliness.

[0040] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the communication unit 17 is a conventional wireless communication module in the prior art, such as a 4G, 5G, NB-IoT, or LoRa module. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections based on the communication requirements of actual applications.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel, including multiple monitoring devices as described in Embodiment 1, which are connected end-to-end on the inner wall of the tunnel. Arranging multiple monitoring devices end-to-end on the entire inner wall of the tunnel allows for monitoring of the overall deformation of the tunnel. When deformation occurs, the monitoring device in the corresponding section can measure the corresponding deformation data and report it to the staff. It should also be noted that the monitoring devices may not be connected end-to-end; for example, considering cost or the specific structure of the tunnel making such a connection unsuitable, they can be spaced out.

[0043] In conjunction with the technical solutions in any of the above embodiments, since the related technologies monitor tunnel deformation by adjusting the height of the laser detector, this method requires manual adjustment of the height on-site by staff, which is inconvenient and prone to introducing measurement errors. This embodiment, however, uses a joint gauge 11 in the monitoring device to directly measure the chord length change between two points on the tunnel inner wall, a laser rangefinder 12 to measure the radial distance, and an angle sensor 13 to measure the angle change. This achieves automated, high-frequency continuous monitoring of the tunnel cross-section, improving measurement efficiency while avoiding measurement errors introduced by manual on-site operation and adjustment, significantly enhancing the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications, alterations, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel, characterized in that, It includes a seam gauge (11), a laser rangefinder (12), an angle sensor (13), and two sets of connection units (14). The fixed end and the movable end of the joint gauge (11) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the tunnel through a set of the connecting units (14), and the axial direction of the joint gauge (11) is parallel to the cross section direction of the tunnel. The laser rangefinder (12) and the angle sensor (13) are both mounted on the fixed end of the joint gauge (11). The laser rangefinder (12) is used to monitor the radial distance between the joint gauge (11) and the inner wall of the tunnel. The angle sensor (13) is used to monitor the tilt angle of the gap gauge (11) relative to the horizontal reference plane.

2. The monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting unit (14) has a Z-shaped structure; The top end of the connecting unit (14) is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the bottom end of the connecting unit (14) is connected to the joint gauge (11).

3. The monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting unit (14) includes a first connecting part (141) and a second connecting part (142). The first end of the first connecting part (141) is detachably connected to one end of the joint gauge (11), the second end of the first connecting part (141) is hinged to the first end of the second connecting part (142), and the second end of the second connecting part (142) is connected to the inner wall of the tunnel.

4. The monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed end and the movable end of the gap gauge (11) are both provided with locking pins (15). The fixed end and the movable end of the gap gauge (11) are detachably connected to the first connecting part (141) of the connecting unit (14) via the locking pin (15).

5. The monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second connecting part (142) of the connecting unit (14) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the tunnel by bolts.

6. The monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting base (16); The mounting base (16) is sleeved on the fixed end of the gap gauge (11), and the laser rangefinder (12) and the angle sensor (13) are respectively connected to the top end of the mounting base (16) and the bottom end of the mounting base (16).

7. The monitoring device for tunnel cross-sectional shape according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a communication unit (17); The communication unit (17) is communicatively connected to the gap measuring instrument (11), the laser rangefinder (12) and the angle sensor (13).

8. A monitoring device for the cross-sectional shape of a tunnel, characterized in that, Includes multiple monitoring devices as described in any one of claims 1-7; Multiple monitoring devices are installed on the inner wall of the tunnel.

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