A transverse loading device for steel structure welding test

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of transverse loading device for steel structure welding test, including push cylinder, fixed plate, vertical board, push plate, two guide structures, two loading mechanisms and two self-adapting adjusting mechanisms;Push cylinder is set on fixed plate, vertical board is set in the end of fixed plate, the push rod of push cylinder is through vertical board, and the middle part of the inner side end surface of push plate is connected with the push rod of push cylinder;Push plate is slidably matched with vertical board by two guide structures.The transverse loading device for steel structure welding test of the utility model solves the problem that the loading head of the loading device in the related art and the friction coefficient of sample contact surface are unstable, resulting in local shear force interference transverse tensile result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of steel structure testing technology, and in particular relates to a transverse loading device for steel structure welding testing. Background Technology

[0002] Steel structure welding testing is a core step in ensuring welding quality, encompassing the entire process of inspection in three stages: pre-weld, during-weld, and post-weld. Pre-weld inspection requires verifying material qualifications, bevel dimensions, and the welding environment; during welding, process parameters (such as current and interpass temperature) and defect handling are monitored; post-weld inspection assesses weld quality through visual inspection and non-destructive testing (such as ultrasonic and magnetic particle testing), focusing on defects such as cracks and porosity. According to national standards (such as GB50661), sampling inspection is graded based on the weld failure rate: below 2% is acceptable, above 5% results in complete rejection, and a failure rate between 2% and 5% requires double the sampling rate.

[0003] Transverse loading devices are mainly used to test the transverse tensile strength or delamination performance of welds, with the three-point bending tensile method being a typical approach. The reciprocating motion of the transverse guide rail drives the loading head to apply a force perpendicular to the weld direction to the specimen, and a strain gauge load cell is used to measure the load data in real time. However, in related technologies, the friction coefficient between the loading head and the specimen contact surface is unstable, leading to localized shear forces interfering with the transverse tensile results. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the related technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A transverse loading device for steel structure welding testing includes a push cylinder, a fixed plate, a vertical plate, a push plate, two guide structures, two loading mechanisms, and two adaptive adjustment mechanisms.

[0007] The push cylinder is mounted on the fixed plate, the upright plate is mounted on one end of the fixed plate, the push rod of the push cylinder passes through the upright plate, and the push rod of the push cylinder is connected to the middle of the inner end face of the push plate;

[0008] The push plate slides in conjunction with the upright plate via two guide structures.

[0009] Two adaptive adjustment mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the outer end face of the push plate. Each adaptive adjustment mechanism is connected to a corresponding loading mechanism, which is used to apply load to the end face of the steel structure to be tested.

[0010] Furthermore, the loading mechanism includes a loading block, a connecting rod, a connecting block, and a rolling assembly. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the inner end face of the loading block, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting block. The rolling assembly is disposed on the outer end face of the loading block, and the connecting block is connected to the adaptive adjustment mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the rolling assembly includes a plurality of rollers for contacting the steel structure to be tested, and the plurality of rollers are arranged on the loading block.

[0012] Furthermore, the adaptive adjustment mechanism includes two adaptive load-sharing mechanisms, both of which are disposed on the outer end face of the push plate and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the input connecting block. Each adaptive load-sharing mechanism is connected to the connecting block.

[0013] Furthermore, the self-adaptive load-sharing mechanism includes a side plate, an adjusting bolt, a threaded sleeve, a telescopic rod, and a spring. The side plate is disposed on the outer end face of the push plate. One end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the connecting block, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the threaded sleeve. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod. The adjusting bolt is rotatably disposed on the side plate and is threadedly engaged with the threaded sleeve. One end of the spring abuts against the threaded sleeve, and the other end of the spring rests against the connecting block.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide structure includes a guide slide rod and a limiting block. One end of the guide slide rod is connected to the push plate, and the limiting block is provided at the other end of the guide slide rod. The guide slide rod and the push plate are in sliding cooperation.

[0015] Furthermore, multiple slots are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the fixing plate.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the transverse loading device for steel structure welding testing described in this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The loading mechanism optimizes the stability and adaptability of load application through rolling components. Multiple rollers arranged on the outer side of the loading block transform traditional sliding friction into rolling friction, effectively eliminating local shear force interference and ensuring uniform load distribution along the weld interface; the hinged connection between the connecting rod and the loading block allows the mechanism to adaptively adjust the contact posture when there are slight unevenness or angular deviations on the sample end face, avoiding stress concentration.

[0018] 2. The adaptive adjustment mechanism employs a combination of double-sided spring preload and preload adjustment to achieve precise dynamic control of the pressure on the side of the connecting block. The symmetrically arranged adaptive load-sharing mechanism, through the telescopic rod and spring, allows the loading mechanism to float within a millimeter range while maintaining axial rigidity, automatically compensating for contact offsets caused by sample thickness tolerances or assembly errors. The precise fit between the adjusting bolt and the threaded sleeve calibrates or adjusts the spring preload, both presetting the initial contact pressure to avoid no-load impact and offsetting load fluctuations during the test in real time, ensuring a smooth and stable loading curve. The symmetrical clamping of the lateral springs and the coaxial fixing of the telescopic rod suppress the deflection tendency of the loading mechanism, forcing the load line of action to always be perpendicular to the sample end face, fundamentally eliminating the interference of eccentric bending moment on the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a transverse loading device for steel structure welding testing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the loading mechanism and adaptive adjustment mechanism described in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive load-sharing mechanism described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment bolt and threaded sleeve as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 100. Fixed plate; 110. Groove; 120. Vertical plate; 200. Push cylinder; 300. Guide structure; 400. Push plate; 500. Loading mechanism; 510. Loading block; 520. Rolling structure; 530. Connecting block; 600. Adaptive adjustment mechanism; 610. Telescopic rod; 620. Spring; 630. Threaded sleeve; 640. Adjusting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0027] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] A transverse loading device for testing welded steel structures, such as Figure 1 As shown, the structure includes a push cylinder 200, a fixed plate 100, a vertical plate 120, a push plate 400, two guide structures 300, two loading mechanisms 500, and two adaptive adjustment mechanisms 600. The push cylinder 200 is mounted on the fixed plate 100, and the vertical plate 120 is mounted on one end of the fixed plate 100. The push rod of the push cylinder 200 passes through the vertical plate 120 and is connected to the middle of the inner end face of the push plate 400. The push plate 400 is slidably engaged with the vertical plate 120 through the two guide structures 300. The two adaptive adjustment mechanisms 600 are symmetrically arranged on the outer end face of the push plate 400. Each adaptive adjustment mechanism 600 is connected to a corresponding loading mechanism 500. The loading mechanism 500 is used to apply load to the end face of the steel structure under test.

[0032] The guide structure 300 includes a guide slide rod and a limiting block. One end of the guide slide rod is connected to the push plate 400, and the other end of the guide slide rod is provided with a limiting block. The guide slide rod and the push plate 400 are in sliding engagement. Multiple slots 110 are symmetrically provided at the front and rear ends of the fixed plate 100.

[0033] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the loading mechanism 500 includes a loading block 510, a connecting rod, a connecting block 530, and a rolling assembly. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the inner end face of the loading block 510, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting block 530. The rolling assembly is disposed on the outer end face of the loading block 510, and the connecting block 530 is connected to the adaptive adjustment mechanism 600. The rolling assembly includes multiple rollers for contacting the steel structure under test, and the multiple rollers are arranged on the loading block 510. The loading mechanism 500 optimizes the stability and adaptability of load application through the rolling assembly. The multiple rollers arranged on the outer side of the loading block 510 convert traditional sliding friction into rolling friction, effectively eliminating local shear force interference and ensuring that the load is evenly distributed along the weld interface. The hinged connection between the connecting rod and the loading block 510 allows the mechanism to adaptively adjust the contact posture when there is slight unevenness or angular deviation on the end face of the sample, avoiding stress concentration.

[0034] The adaptive adjustment mechanism 600 includes two adaptive load-sharing mechanisms, both of which are located on the outer end face of the push plate 400 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the input connecting block 530. Each adaptive load-sharing mechanism is connected to the connecting block 530. Each adaptive load-sharing mechanism includes a side plate, an adjusting bolt 640, a threaded sleeve 630, a telescopic rod 610, and a spring 620. The side plate is located on the outer end face of the push plate 400. One end of the telescopic rod 610 is fixed to the connecting block 530, and the other end is connected to the threaded sleeve 630. The spring 620 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod 610. The adjusting bolt 640 is rotatably mounted on the side plate and threadedly engages with the threaded sleeve 630. One end of the spring 620 abuts against the threaded sleeve 630, and the other end of the spring 620 is positioned at the bottom of the connecting block 530. The adaptive adjustment mechanism 600 employs a combination of preload and preload adjustment using double-sided springs 620 to achieve precise dynamic control of the lateral pressure on the connecting block 530. The symmetrically arranged adaptive load-sharing mechanism, through the telescopic rod 610 and springs 620, maintains axial rigidity while allowing the loading mechanism 500 to float within a millimeter range, automatically compensating for contact offsets caused by sample thickness tolerances or assembly errors. The precise fit between the adjusting bolt 640 and the threaded sleeve 630 calibrates or adjusts the preload force of the spring 620, presetting the initial contact pressure to avoid no-load impact and simultaneously offsetting load fluctuations during testing, ensuring a smooth and stable loading curve. The symmetrical clamping of the lateral springs 620 and the coaxial fixing of the telescopic rod 610 suppress the deflection tendency of the loading mechanism 500, forcing the load line of action to always be perpendicular to the sample end face, fundamentally eliminating the interference of eccentric bending moment on the test results.

[0035] How this example works

[0036] Step 1: The fixing plate 100 is horizontally positioned on the workbench and locked with anchor bolts. The flatness is then calibrated (error ≤ 0.1 mm / m). The front and rear ends of the fixing plate 100 are symmetrically milled with weight-reducing grooves 110 to improve rigidity. The upright plate 120 is vertically welded to the end face of the fixing plate 100. A through hole is machined in its center to fit with the push rod of the push cylinder 200 with clearance (H7 / g6). After the push rod passes through the upright plate 120, it is rigidly connected to the center of the inner end face of the push plate 400 through a flange coupling to ensure that the perpendicularity between the thrust axis and the sample end face is ≤ 0.05°.

[0037] Step 2: One end of the two guide slide rods is pressed into the mounting holes on both sides of the push plate 400 with an interference fit, and the other end is threaded to the limit block. The guide slide rods pass through the linear bearing (lined with PTFE wear-resistant layer) on the vertical plate 120, forming a double-track constraint that the push plate 400 can only move in the loading direction. The outer end face of the push plate 400 is bolted to two side plates, and each side plate has symmetrical threaded holes for installing the adaptive adjustment mechanism 600.

[0038] Step 3: The adjusting bolt 640 passes through the threaded hole (1.5mm pitch) on the side plate and engages with the threaded sleeve 630. One end of the telescopic rod 610 is press-fitted into the connecting block 530, and the other end is threaded and screwed into the bottom of the threaded sleeve 630. The spring 620 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod 610, with one end pressing against the flange of the threaded sleeve 630 and the other end abutting against the end face of the connecting block 530. By rotating the adjusting bolt 640, the spring 620 is pre-compressed (pre-tightening force ≥200N), forming a flexible pressing and displacement compensation capability for the connecting block 530.

[0039] Step 4: Drill a hole in the center of the inner end face of the loading block 510. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the loading block 510 through a self-lubricating spherical bearing (GE12ES type) to form a ball joint, releasing the ±3° rotational freedom of the loading block 510 around the Y-axis. The other end of the connecting rod is inserted into the locking hole of the connecting block 530 with an transition fit and is radially fixed by a set screw. The outer end face of the loading block 510 is wire-cut with equidistant grooves, and six carbide rollers (Φ8×25mm) are embedded in them. The two ends of the rollers are limited by snap rings to form a continuous rolling contact interface.

[0040] Step 5: The cylinder 200 is vented to drive the push plate 400 to move along the guide slide. The push plate 400 pushes the connecting block 530 and the loading mechanism 500 forward through the adaptive adjustment mechanisms 600 on both sides. When the roller contacts the end face of the sample, the compression of the spring 620 increases linearly with the increase of the load. The threaded sleeve 630 slides along the telescopic rod 610 to achieve stroke self-adaptation. If the sample has an inclination angle, the loading block 510 automatically adjusts its posture through the ball joint to ensure that all rollers are under load. The preload of the spring 620 is dynamically calibrated by adjusting the bolt 640 to eliminate the empty stroke and maintain constant contact pressure.

[0041] Step 6: Laser-process the roller surface with micro-dimpled texture (50μm in diameter, 10μm in depth, 40% density), fill with molybdenum disulfide-graphene composite paste, and stabilize the friction coefficient to 0.08±0.005; continuously spray PAO thermally conductive oil film (0.1mm thick) on the contact area to further suppress friction fluctuations.

[0042] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A transverse loading device for steel structure welding testing, characterized in that: It includes a push cylinder (200), a fixed plate (100), a vertical plate (120), a push plate (400), two guide structures (300), two loading mechanisms (500) and two adaptive adjustment mechanisms (600); The push cylinder (200) is disposed on the fixed plate (100), the upright plate (120) is disposed at one end of the fixed plate (100), the push rod of the push cylinder (200) passes through the upright plate (120), and the push rod of the push cylinder (200) is connected to the middle part of the inner end face of the push plate (400); The push plate (400) is slidably engaged with the upright plate (120) through two guide structures (300); Two adaptive adjustment mechanisms (600) are symmetrically arranged on the outer end face of the push plate (400). Each adaptive adjustment mechanism (600) is connected to a loading mechanism (500). The loading mechanism (500) is used to apply load to the end face of the steel structure to be tested.

2. A lateral loading device for testing of steel structure welds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism (500) includes a loading block (510), a connecting rod, a connecting block (530), and a rolling assembly. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the inner end face of the loading block (510), and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting block (530). The rolling assembly is disposed on the outer end face of the loading block (510), and the connecting block (530) is connected to the adaptive adjustment mechanism (600).

3. A lateral loading device for testing of steel structure welds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rolling assembly includes a plurality of rollers for contacting the steel structure to be tested, and the plurality of rollers are arranged on the loading block (510).

4. A lateral loading device for testing of welded steel structures according to any of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment mechanism (600) includes two adaptive load-sharing mechanisms. Both adaptive load-sharing mechanisms are disposed on the outer end face of the push plate (400). The two adaptive load-sharing mechanisms are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the input connecting block (530). Each adaptive load-sharing mechanism is connected to the connecting block (530).

5. A transverse loading device for steel structure welding testing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adaptive load-sharing mechanism includes a side plate, an adjusting bolt (640), a threaded sleeve (630), a telescopic rod (610), and a spring (620). The side plate is disposed on the outer end face of the push plate (400). One end of the telescopic rod (610) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (530), and the other end of the telescopic rod (610) is connected to the threaded sleeve (630). The spring (620) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod (610). The adjusting bolt (640) is rotatably disposed on the side plate. The adjusting bolt (640) is threadedly engaged with the threaded sleeve (630). One end of the spring (620) abuts against the threaded sleeve (630), and the other end of the spring (620) rests against the connecting block (530).

6. A lateral loading device for testing of steel structure welds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide structure (300) includes a guide slide rod and a limiting block. One end of the guide slide rod is connected to the push plate (400), and the other end of the guide slide rod is provided with the limiting block. The guide slide rod and the push plate (400) slide together.

7. A lateral loading device for testing of steel structure welds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing plate (100) has multiple slots (110) symmetrically arranged at its front and rear ends.

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